专题14 阅读理解（高考押题）-2018年高考英语二轮复习精品资料

专题14 阅读理解（高考押题）-2018年高考英语二轮复习精品资料

一、‎ What are the chances of a 100yearold chocolate candy falling in your treat bag this Halloween？Though Goo Goo Clusters may not be as familiar as Kit Kat or Hershey bars，people of all ages have enjoyed this Southern staple(产品)for an entire century.‎ In 1901，a 19yearold named Howell Campbell opened a candy store in Nashville，Tennessee.He made all kinds of sweets and hard candies with just two copper kettles and about a dozen employees.Then，in 1912，he made the first candy to combine chocolate with other ingredients such as caramel，marshmallow nougat，and peanuts.Originally，these clusters were handwrapped and sold under the counter at a few local stores with a sign reading，“A nourishing lunch for a nickel.” Now，they are known as Goo Goo Clusters.Nearly 20，000 of these chocolate treats are made per hour in a factory in Nashville.‎ What else makes a Goo Goo so special？“In addition to it being the very firstever combination confection created，its shape also makes it quite unique，” says Beth Sachan，Goo Goo Clusters' senior marketing manager.“The Goo Goo Cluster is a big，imperfectly round mound of deliciousness！”‎ The 100th anniversary of the Goo Goo Cluster is being celebrated throughout the month of October，the biggest candyselling month of the year.About 40 restaurants in the Nashville area have created unique desserts inspired by Goo Goo Clusters to serve to their customers.‎ Additionally，a Goo Goosponsored race called the “Jog'n Hog” was held in Nashville on October 13.Adults and children ran three miles to the finish line after eating at least one of six Goo Goo Clusters from a bag they were given at the halfway point.A golden Goo Goo was hidden in one of the bags.The winner received a $100 gift certificate to the candy's website，googoo.com.After the race，a scavenger hunt was held throughout the city.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一个世纪以来一直受人们欢迎的巧克力食品——Goo Goo Clusters。文章涉及该产品的起源、发展和特点以及百年纪念活动。‎ ‎1．We can learn from the first paragraph that Goo Goo Clusters________.‎ A．are much better than other candies B．look like Kit Kat and Hershey bars C．have been popular to the customers D．will be sold out by this Halloween ‎1．C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...people of all ages have enjoyed this Southern staple for an entire century.”可知，一个世纪以来，Goo Goo Clusters一直受人们的喜爱。‎ ‎2．What's the purpose of the sign according to this passage?‎ A．To draw more people's attention.‎ B．To encourage people to buy the clusters.‎ C．To make a large amount of money.‎ D．To persuade people to eat hard candies.‎ ‎2．B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的倒数第三句“Originally，these clusters were handwrapped and sold under the counter at a few local stores with a sign reading，‘A nourishing lunch for a nickel.’”，再结合下文中的文字可以推知，a sign的意图是鼓励人们去购买Goo Goo Clusters。‎ ‎3．The customers would like to enjoy Goo Goo Clusters probably because of________．‎ A．its shape and deliciousness B．its package and design C．its weight and combination D．its fair price and low cost ‎ ‎3．A　细节理解题。第三段中提到Goo Goo Clusters的特别之处，由此可知，是它们的形状和美味让人们喜欢吃的。‎ ‎4．The 100th anniversary of the Goo Goo Cluster is being celebrated by________．‎ A．holding a race in Nashville B．opening a lot of restaurants C．giving away many gift certificates ‎ D．offering specially designed desserts ‎ ‎4．D　细节理解题。由第四段最后一句可知，大约40家饭馆制作了很特别的点心。‎ ‎5．Where can we find this text?‎ A．In a magazine on diet.‎ B．In a textbook on history.‎ C．In a website on culture.‎ D．In a guidebook on tour.‎ ‎5．A　推理判断题。本文的话题与食品有关，可能会在美食杂志上看到该文章。‎ 高频词汇 confection n. 甜点，精工制作的物品 imperfectly adv. 有缺点地；不完美地 mound n. 堆；小山岗 ‎【长难句分析】　Adults and children ran three miles to the finish line after eating at least one of six Goo Goo Clusters from a bag they were given at the halfway point.在半路上，大人和孩子们会得到一个装有6个Goo Goo Clusters的包，他们在吃掉其中的至少一个之后跑三英里到达终点。‎ 该句为复合句。其中after是介词，引出一个介词短语说明时间；“they were given...”是定语从句，修饰a bag。‎ 二、‎ A food chain is a simple way of explaining how each living thing gets its food.For example，a simple African food chain might consist of three parts：(1)trees and bushes；(2)giraffes; and(3)lions.Each link in a food chain is food for the next link.Food chains always start with plants and end with animals.‎ Plants are at the bottom of the food chain.Scientists call them producers，because they use light energy from the sun to produce food from carbon dioxide and water through photosynthesis (光合作用)．Animals，unlike plants，can't produce their own food.Instead，they must eat plants or other animals.This is why scientists call them consumers.‎ Consumer animals fall into three categories.Herbivores eat only plants.Carnivores eat only other animals.Omnivores eat both plants and animals.In addition to producers and consumers，there are also decomposers.These organisms，such as bacteria and fungi，feed on decaying matter.They help the food chain by speeding up the decaying process that releases minerals back into the soil to be absorbed by plants as nutrients.‎ Most food chains have only four or five links in them.As you go up a food chain，the amount of energy at each level diminishes，because some of the energy is lost in the form of waste or is used up by the organism at that level.That is why it takes many plants，for example，to feed a few giraffes who in turn feed one lion.‎ Most animals are part of many different food chains，because they must eat more than one type of food to satisfy their energy needs.All of these interconnected food chains form a more complex structure called a food web.Humans，for example，are at the center of a very complex ‎ food web，because we tend to eat many different types of plants and animals.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章以食物链为话题，分析说明了自然界中动植物相互依存的关系，并提出了食物链中的主体——食草动物、食肉动物和草肉皆食动物。‎ ‎1．Which of the following tells us the African food chain?‎ A．Trees，giraffes and lions live on one another.‎ B．Giraffes eat lions and lions feed on bushes.‎ C．Lions live on giraffes and giraffes eat trees.‎ D．Bushes live on lions and lions eat giraffes.‎ ‎1．C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的最后两句“Each link in a food chain is food for the next link.Food chains always start with plants and end with animals.”可知，非洲食物链的依存关系。‎ ‎2．In the second paragraph，the author is mainly to________．‎ A．emphasize the importance of the plants B．compare the plants and the animals C．present the scientists' different views D．explain the producers and consumers ‎2．D　主旨大意题。很明显本段中主要介绍了食物链中的生产者和消费者。‎ ‎3．The underlined word “diminishes”(in Paragraph 4)probably means________．‎ A．changes B．decreases D．disappears D．increases ‎3．B　词义猜测题。根据下文中的“...because some of the energy is lost in the form of waste or is used up by the organism at that level.”可以推知，该词的意思是“减少”。‎ ‎4．Those that may lie in the centre of the food chain are______．‎ A．the omnivores B．the decomposers C．the herbivores D．the carnivores ‎4．A　推理判断题。根据第三段第四句和最后一段作者所列举的例子可知，既食草又食肉的动物位于食物链的核心。‎ ‎5．What would be the best title for this passage?‎ A．The types of plants and animals ‎ B．The differences among the living things ‎ C．Three categories of the consumers D．The food chain in the natural world ‎5．D　主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了大自然中的食物链。‎ 高频词汇 herbivore n. [动] 食草动物 carnivore n. [动] 食肉动物 omnivore n. [动] 杂食动物；不偏食的人 interconnect v. 互相联系 ‎【长难句分析】　Most animals are part of many different food chains，because they must eat more than one type of food to satisfy their energy needs.大多数动物是许多不同食物链的一部分，因为它们不只吃一种食物以满足自己的能量需求。‎ 该句为复合句。句中because引导原因状语从句。另外，more than one意为“许多”；satisfy意为“使满足”。‎ 三、 ‎ Most cell phone companies design models especially for kids.But parents are usually the ones buying the phones，and paying the bill.According to a July 2012 study，56% of parents of children aged 8 to 12 have given their children a cell phone.According to a recent YouthBeat survey，12 is the magic number.It is the most common age for kids to get their first cell phone.But 13% of children aged 6 to 10 already have one.That's more than one out of every 10 kids.‎ Procell phone people，including many parents，note that cell phones help kids keep in touch with their friends and families.They believe that cell phones are an important tool in an emergency.Kids can stay connected with their parents at all times，whether it's to ask for a ride home from soccer practice or to receive a goodluck text message moments before a big game.Plus，some cell phones designed for kids can be controlled with settings that allow the phone to only be used in parentapproved ways.What's the harm in that?‎ But other people are worried about the health and safety effects of kids' cell phones.They believe that pluggedin kids could be missing out on other activities，such as playing outside or hanging out with friends，and that sending text messages or fielding phone calls while doing homework is bad for concentration.They say that kids are spending too much time ‎ texting instead of talking to each other.“Our brains evolved to communicate face to face，” says Gary Small，a professor of psychiatry at the UCLA School of Medicine，in California.“A lot of this is lost with texting.”‎ And some experts are also concerned about possible health risks.They worry that radiation—or energy waves—released by cell phones could be harmful to young people.To be safe，many pediatricians advise limiting talk time.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文是一篇议论文。根据最新的一项调查表明，现在大多数孩子都携带手机，并介绍了人们对孩子携带手机的两种不同观点和看法，对此专家给出了一些建议。‎ ‎1．The recent YouthBeat survey suggests that________.‎ A．the number twelve can bring us good luck B．most kids are eager to have their own cell phones C．many kids have their first cell phone at the age of 12‎ D．more than half of the parents can afford to buy cell phones ‎1．C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的倒数第二句“It is the most common age for kids to get their first cell phone.”可知，许多孩子在12岁的时候开始拥有自己的第一部手机。‎ ‎2．Procell phone people probably refer to those who think that kids________.‎ A．mustn't own cell phones B．should have cell phones C．had better make more friends D．may lose touch with others ‎ ‎3．What would be the main idea of Paragraph 3?‎ A．The disadvantages of cell phones.‎ B．Cell phones designed for kids.‎ C．The kinds of cell phones.‎ D．How to send text messages.‎ ‎3．A　主旨大意题。根据第三段中的第一句“But other people are worried about the health and safety effects of kids' cell phones.”可知，该段主要介绍了孩子携带手机的坏处。‎ ‎4．According to Gary Small，cell phones________.‎ A．waste us a lot of money B．are of great benefit to many kids C．bring much pleasure to most of the kids D．reduce kids' facetoface communication ‎4．D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后他所说的话语可知，他的观点表明携带手机会减少孩子们面对面的交流。‎ ‎5．The author's attitude toward the fact that kids have cell phones is________.‎ A．supportive　B．objective　C．negative　D．optimistic 高频词汇 hang out with 与……出去玩；与……闲逛 plugin adj. 可插入插头的 evolve v. 发展，进展；进化；逐步形成 ‎【长难句分析】　Kids can stay connected with their parents at all times，whether it's to ask for a ride home from soccer practice or to receive a goodluck text message moments before a big game.不管是在足球训练后要求接回家，还是在一场大型的比赛之前收到一条祝愿好运的短信，孩子们能一直和父母保持联系。‎ 该句为复合句。句中whether...or...连接让步状语从句，意为“无论是……还是……”。另外，stay connected with为“和……保持联系”之意。‎ 四、‎ If you're shopping around for a new laptop to start the year off right，consider one of these following picks for budgetconscious students.‎ For Chatty Cathys Sony's ‎15.5”‎VAIO E Series laptop($399.99)has a secondgeneration Intel Core i3‎2370M processor，4GB of system memory(RAM)and 500GB hard drive.Built into the machine is an HD webcam to make it easy to have a video chat with family and friends.And while the camera has a microphone，integrated Bluetooth means you can also wear a headset for even clearer audio.This Windows 7 Home Premium laptop also includes a DVD burner，ACID Music Studio and more.‎ Math blaster Students studying math or statistics or business might appreciate a laptop with a dedicated numeric keypad along the righthand side of the keyboard.That's what you'll find in Toshiba's satin black 15.6inch Satellite laptop($399.99)．You'll also find one USB 3.0 and 2 USB 2.0 ports.This entrylevel PC has a secondgen Intel Core i3‎2370M processor，4GB of system memory and 500GB hard drive.‎ Personalize that PC If you've got a bit more cash to spend，the newest Dell Inspiron 15R($499.99)delivers a lot of bang for the buck.You get 6GB of system memory，500GB hard drive.But students might also like the option to change up its look.While the laptop comes standard in silver，you can personalize it with additional lids for $‎30 a piece(e.g.red，blue or pink)．Other highlights include Bluetooth.‎ Bigger is better Especially if it's going to be used primarily as a desktop replacement，a larger screen laptop is the way to go.For $449.99 you can pick up a 17.3inch HP Pavilion laptop，with a goodlooking LEDbacklit highdefinition widescreen display(1，600 × 900 resolution)ideal for movies，games and photos.This computer houses a secondgen Intel Core i3 processor，4GB of system memory，500GB hard drive，DVD burner，and more.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　文章介绍了四款适合学生使用的笔记本电脑，包括它们各自的配置和价格，特别是其功能和用途。‎ ‎1．If you often have video chats with others，you'd better buy________.‎ A．Dell Inspiron 15R B．17.3inch HP Pavilion laptop C．Toshiba's 15.6inch Satellite laptop D．Sony's ‎15.5”‎VAIO E Series laptop ‎1．D　推理判断题。见第一款电脑介绍：For Chatty Cathy，通过索尼笔记本的介绍可知，该款笔记本适合视频聊天。‎ ‎2．Toshiba's satin black 15.6inch Satellite laptop is different from others in that________.‎ A．it has three USB ports B．its hard drive is 500GB C．its system memory is 4GB D．it has a larger keyboard ‎3．In order to buy a computer with lids you have to pay at least________.‎ A．$399.99 B．$449.99‎ C．$529.99 D．$499.99‎ ‎3．C　细节理解题。在对戴尔电脑的介绍中可以发现，该款电脑外观有可以更换的颜色，比如有红色、蓝色、粉红等，那么根据其价格情况，至少要花费$529.99(499.99＋30)。‎ ‎4．You would like to buy a 17.3inch HP Pavilion laptop probably because________.‎ A．it's much cheaper than other laptops B．you enjoy watching movies online C．its appearance can change as you like D．it is fairy easy for everyone to operate ‎4．B　推理判断题。根据对惠普电脑的第四款介绍可知，该款电脑的特点是屏幕大，你想购买该款电脑是因为你喜欢看网络电影。‎ ‎5．What would be the best title for this passage?‎ A．The development of technology B．Several school laptops for students C．The changes of the modern computers D．The future laptops for the young generation ‎ ‎5．B　主旨大意题。本文为学生介绍了几款电脑。‎ 高频词汇 pick n. 选择；精华 v. 选择；采；剔除 budgetconscious adj. 精打细算的 audio adj. 声音的；录音的 ‎【长难句分析】　Students studying math or statistics or business might appreciate a laptop with a dedicated numeric keypad along the righthand side of the keyboard.学习数学或者统计或者贸易的学生可能欣赏这样的掌上电脑，它带有专门的带有右手键盘的数字小键盘。‎ 该句为简单句。句子主语是students，之后的studying...是现在分词短语作后置定语；a laptop是句子宾语，之后with引出的介词短语，作后置定语。‎ 五、‎ Driving on up to Yosemite with my family was exciting yet nerve racking.I had never been to such an amazing national park before yet I wasn't the most athletic person so I knew that I couldn't stick through all the hiking up and down.It actually ended up being a fun and adventurous experience.‎ The ride there was definitely long but worth it.As I woke up from my nap，I saw the beautiful scenery of the tall mountains and beautiful streams.The trails were made nicely for visitors.The waterfalls were breathtaking with capturing views.Climbing up rocks was one of my favorite parts.Even though I fell a couple of times，I still had a lot of fun.The fact that my family and I spent so much time together all trying to find out which route to take and what views to watch really brought us closer together.‎ The great thing about nature is that，it's just you，the views，and the people around you.There's nothing there to bother you and it's the best way to relax and enjoy yourself.Yosemite has 5 of the world's highest waterfalls，and about 300 lakes.The structure of each mountain is incredible，it's formed in ways that literally take your breath away.Some of them are a deep dark color with waterfalls forming，some are formed with spots of green peeking out.It's definitely something you wouldn't want to miss.The park also has 67 mammalian species with a variety of different types of animals that roam around you.‎ Yosemite isn't the only great National Park but based on my experience I highly recommend going out and enjoying nature with family and friends.It's a great time to bond，laugh，and take in what Mother Nature has to offer.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　文章作者结合自己的亲身体验，介绍了游览约塞米蒂国家公园愉快而又难忘的经历。作者建议人们尽可能多出去享受大自然的风光和美丽。‎ ‎1．The author writes the first paragraph mainly to________.‎ A．offer an example to us B．introduce the topic of this passage C．describe a national park D．tell us his/her future plan for hiking ‎2．While climbing up rocks，the author was________.‎ A．worried B．injured C．puzzled D．pleased ‎2．D　细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句中的“...I still had a lot of fun.”可知，作者在爬山的过程中感到很高兴。‎ ‎3．What interested the author most in the National Park?‎ a．The forms of the mountains.‎ b．The color of the waterfalls.‎ c．The different species.‎ d．The animals around you.‎ e．The hunters here and there.‎ A．a，b，c B．b，c，e C．a，c，d D．a，d，e ‎3．C　细节理解题。文章第三段介绍了公园里美好的景色，其中包括山的形状、物种的多样性、周围的动物。‎ ‎4．In the author's opinion，Yosemite________.‎ A．is worth travelling to B．is made up of some hills C．is not the most beautiful park D．is crowded with visitors every day ‎4．A　推理判断题。作者在游览约塞米蒂国家公园的时候感到很愉快，还介绍了很多美丽的景色。由此可知，作者认为这里值得游览。特别是在最后一段，作者更是极力向读者推荐此处景观。‎ ‎5．The author suggests us________.‎ A．trying to protect the environment B．visiting Yosemite now and then C．keeping a good bond with other people D．going out to enjoy the beauty of nature