【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十五（27页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十五（27页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十五 ‎[一]‎ Greece’s finance minister says his country’s financial situation is “terribly urgent” and the crisis could come to a head in a couple of weeks. Yanis Varoufakis gave the warning after eurozone finance ministers met in Brussels to discuss the final 7. 2bn tranche(援助资金) of Greece’s ￡240bn EU/IMF bailout(紧急援助). ‎ Ministers said Greece had made “progress” but more work was needed. ‎ The Greek government is struggling to meet its payment obligations(责任). Earlier, Greece began the transfer of 750m (￡544m, $834m) in debt interest to the International Monetary Fund—a day ahead of a payment deadline. ‎ ‎“The liquidity(资产流动性) issue is a terribly urgent issue. It’s common knowledge, let’s not beat around the bush, ” Mr Varoufakis told reporters in Brussels. “From the perspective of timing, we are talking about the next couple of weeks. ”‎ Greece has until the end of June to reach a reform deal with its international creditors. Its finances are running so low that it has had to ask public bodies for help. The crisis has raised the prospect that Greece might default(违约) on its debts and leave the euro. ‎ In a statement, the eurozone finance ministers said they “welcomed the progress that has been achieved so far” in the negotiations, but added: “We acknowledged that more time and effort are needed to bridge the ‎ gaps on the remaining open issues. ” Eurogroup chairman Jeroen Dijsselbloem said there had to be a full deal on the bailout(紧急财务援助) before Greece received any further payments. “There are time constraints(限制; 约束) and liquidity constraints and hopefully we will reach an agreement before time runs out and before money runs out. ” he said. ‎ There had been fears that Greece would default on its IMF debt repayment due on Tuesday. However, a Greek finance ministry official was quoted as saying that the order for repayment had been executed(实施) on Monday. Almost 1bn has been handed over to the IMF in interest payments since the start of May. ‎ It is unclear how the government came up with the funds, but the mayor of Greece’s second city Thessaloniki revealed last week that he had handed over cash reserves in response to an appeal for money. ‎ ‎【文章大意】希腊财政部长Yanis Varoufakis警告希腊经济可能在几周内崩溃, 因为要偿还IMF快到期的借款, 最终希腊成功向国际货币基金组织支付利息。‎ ‎1. What is Yanis Varoufakis? ‎ A. He is Greece’s finance minister. ‎ B. He is an expert in the eurozone. ‎ C. An official of the International Monetary Fund. ‎ D. He is Eurogroup chairman. 来源:学,科,网]‎ ‎【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段可推知, Yanis Varoufakis是希腊的财政部长。故选A。‎ ‎2. Which of the following could be the worst result if Greece defaulted on its debts? ‎ A. The International Monetary Fund would cancel the debt of Greece. ‎ B. The EU would help Greece rebuild its financial system. ‎ C. Greece might have to leave the eurozone. ‎ D. The eurozone would accept Greece. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第五段The crisis has raised the prospect that Greece might default on its debts and leave the euro. 可知, 希腊可能不得不离开欧元区。故选C。‎ ‎3. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs? ‎ A. People fear that the International Monetary Fund can’t pay Greece for debt repayment. ‎ B. Greece succeeded in paying interest payments to the IMF. [来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ C. It is unclear how the government came up with the funds. ‎ D. The mayor of Greece’s third city handed over cash reserves in response to an appeal for money. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后两段中的However, a Greek finance ministry official was quoted as saying that the order for repayment had been executed on Monday. Almost 1bn has been handed over to the IMF in interest payments since the start of May. (援引希腊财 政部一位官员的话说偿还的命令在星期一已经被实施。自从五月初几乎1bn已被移交给IMF利息支付。)及but the mayor of Greece’s second city Thessaloniki revealed last week that he had handed over cash reserves in response to an appeal for money. (希腊第二大城市的市长Thessaloniki透露上周他已交出了现金储备。)可知, 希腊成功向国际货币基金组织支付利息。‎ ‎4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? ‎ A. The EU Get Challenged B. The International Monetary Fund Reform C. The EU Face Economic Crisis D. Greece Two Weeks from Cash Crisis ‎【解析】选D。主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句Greece’s finance minister says his country’s financial situation is “terribly urgent” and the crisis could come to a head in a couple of weeks. 以及全文其他内容可知, 本文主要讲述希腊在两周内可能会发生的现金危机。故选D。‎ ‎[二]‎ Using technology in the classroom can produce unbelievable results．But for note-taking． it may pay to keep it old-school and stick with pen and paper．Students who take notes by hand appear to process information more deeply than those who take notes on a laptop or an iPad and other technologieal appliances，according to a study published this year in Psychological Science． Using the new fashionable method generally produces more raw notes．But students using laptops tend to do worse than note-takers by hand when answering conceptual questions about the material． Researchers from Princeton and UCLA conducted several experiments with college students watching some video lectures．In one experiment．Note-takers by hand wrote down fewer words than those typing on laptops．But the two groups performed about the same when answering factual questions about the lecture material，and students who wrote longhand（普通书写） did much better than laptop note-takers on conceptual questions． What gives？Students using laptops tended to write what they heard word by word rather than processing the information； that resulted in a sort of "shallower" learning，the researchers say． In a second experiment，students taking notes on laptops were told not to write down what they heard word for word．It didn't help； in spite of the instructions．They still took notes word by ‎ word and they still did worse on conceptual questions than those taking notes by hand． In a third experiment，students were able to briefly study their notes before answering questions asked a week after the lecture．Those reviewing their longhand notes did far better than students reviewing their typed notes． A student named Jerry from the experiment said．"The study is right，and we have to think about what was said to take the notes because I could not write down every word．I even developed complex letter symbols to help．To study for tests，I went over and underlined key points to reinforce them．The process helped me understand the lectures better．"‎ ‎32.What does the underlined part in Paragraph I probably mean？ ______ ‎ A. It is necessary to take notes on a laptop or an iPad． B. It is not worthwhile to take notes with pen and paper． C. It needs much money to go to schools with a long history． D. It may bring good results to use the traditional note-taking style．‎ ‎33.Compared with those using pens，the students using laptops learn worse because they ______ ．‎ A. write down fewer words B. remember information word by word C. don't process and sort out information D. don't review their notes after class at all ‎34.From the last paragraph we know that Jerry is ______ ．‎ A. against the study and its result B. good at processing information C. weak at remembering knowledge D. excellent at inventing letter symbols ‎35.What is the best title for the passage？ ______ ‎ A. Take notes word by word from now on B. keep on using our pens and paper now C. The pen is losing to the keyboard D. The laptop is helping to learn well．‎ 参考答案：32-35 DCBB ‎ 本文主要讲述了我们的工作和学习都应该坚持用笔做笔记，而不是一味的依靠电脑等科技．那样对我们的学习是非常有好处的．‎ 32. D．推理判断题．根据文章内容But for note-taking． it may pay to keep it old-school and stick with pen and paper.可知使用传统的记笔记的方式学习可能效果会更好结合选项，‎ 故选D． 【解析】‎ ‎33．C．细节理解题．根据第四段Students using laptops tended to write what they heard word by word rather than ‎ processing the information； that resulted in a sort of"shallower（浅薄）"learning，the researchers say．可推断使用笔记本电脑做笔记的学生学得更糟糕是因为他们不能够将问题分类和加工． 34．B．细节理解题．根据文章"The study is right．and we have to think about what was said to take the notes because I could not write down every word．I even developed complex letter symbols to helpto study for testsI went over and underlined key points to reinforce them．Jerry所说的话可知Jerry善于加工和理解信息． 35．B．主旨大意题．通读全文，并根据文章三次的实验结果和最后一段Jerry所说的话都告诉我们该文主要讲述的就是坚持使用我们的钢笔做笔记．对我们的学习是非常的有好处的，结合选项，故选B． ‎ ‎[三]‎ The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are. ‎ Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive. ‎ Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life. ‎ These include custom-made navigation(导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others. ”‎ ‎“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to. ”‎ Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains: “The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key stress points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems. ‎ ‎“For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We’re looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that. ‎ ‎“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions (解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel. ”‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。老年驾驶人员由于种种原因不想驾驶车辆, 而研究人员试图通过开发新技术, 让老年人继续享受驾驶车辆带来的乐趣。‎ ‎1. What is the purpose of the DriveLAB? ‎ A. To explore new means of transport. ‎ B. To design new types of cars. ‎ C. To find out older drivers’ problems. ‎ D. To teach people traffic rules. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中的句子. . . in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are可知, DriveLAB的目的是了解老年驾驶人员所面临的挑战和发现他们不想驾驶车辆的关键所在, 故答案为C。‎ ‎2. Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe? ‎ A. It keeps them independent. ‎ B. It helps them save time. ‎ C. It builds up their strength. ‎ D. It cures their mental illnesses. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段中的句子For many older people. . . driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others. 可知, 老年人开车的重要性在于能够保持独立性, 获得不依赖别人出行的自由, 故答案为A。‎ ‎3. What do researchers hope to do for older drivers? ‎ A. Improve their driving skills. ‎ B. Develop driver-assist technologies. [来源:学科网ZXXK]‎ C. Provide tips on repairing their cars. ‎ D. Organize regular physical checkups. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三、四段的内容可知, 研究人员正在开发一些车载技术帮助老年人继续驾车, 这些技术包括定制的导航技术custom-made navigation tools, 夜视系统night vision systems和智能速度适应器intelligent speed adaptations。故答案为B。‎ ‎4. What is the best title for the text? ‎ A. A New Model Electric Car B. A Solution to Traffic Problem C. Driving Services for Elders D. Keeping Older Drivers on the Road ‎【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 文章主要是关于针对老年人开车的问题, 研究人员试图开发出一些新技术, 以使老年人继续享受开车的乐趣, 故答案为D。‎ ‎[四]‎ Imagine living for a week in a little French cottage, buying fresh vegetables from the farmers’ market every morning, sipping cafe, and taking leisurely trips to neighboring villages and chateaus. Sound appealing? That’s the magic of slow travel, where the emphasis(重点) is ‎ less on sightseeing and more on taking in your surroundings at a relaxed pace. ‎ Slow travel is a branch of the slow food movement, which began in Italy in the 1980’s as a protest(抗议) against the opening of a McDonald’s in Rome. The slow food movement aims to preserve regional cooking, local farming, and traditional food preparation methods. This cultural idea has developed into a whole way of life known as the Slow Movement, which emphasizes connection to food and families and, in the case of travel, connection to local peoples and cultures. ‎ Slow travel is not so much a particular mode of transportation as it is an attitude. Rather than attempting to put as many sights or cities as possible into each trip, the slow traveler takes the time to explore each destination thoroughly and to experience the local culture. As founder Pauline Kenny says, “Slow Travelers assume that they do not have to see everything on one trip, that there will be other trips. ”‎ The clearest advantage of slow travel is reflected in the general nature of your trip. Traveling more slowly allows you to form a stronger connection to the place you’re visiting, and you’ll feel much less rushed. ‎ Another less clear advantage of slow travel is that it’s generally much easier on the environment than other types of travel. While airplanes have recently been considered as major contributors to global warming, ‎ trains are a much more eco-friendly choice—as are bikes and, of course, your own two feet! [来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K]‎ Slow travel is often kinder to your budget as well. Staying in one place for a week or more at a time reduces your transportation costs, and vacation rentals are often more cost-efficient than hotels since they allow you to cook your own food instead of eating out for every meal. ‎ ‎【文章大意】人们旅游的时候, 都急匆匆地从一个地点赶往下一个地点, 似乎要尽可能地多看几个地方, 但是这样下来却是非常疲惫。所以现在有一种旅游方式: 慢旅游。它关注你在一个地方与当地人的联系, 而不是去更多的地方。‎ ‎1. Which of the following describes slow travel? ‎ A. It mainly uses the slow means of transportation. ‎ B. It encourages you to take time to enjoy journeys. ‎ C. It causes a new way of life known as the slow movement. ‎ D. It is mainly connected with local food. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。细节理解题。结合第三段的“the slow traveler takes the time to explore each destination thoroughly and to experience the local culture”可知慢旅游是让人们慢慢地享受旅游的乐趣。[来源:Zxxk.Com]‎ ‎2. From what Pauline said in Paragraph 3, we can infer that slow travelers ________.  ‎ A. prefer to see many different areas B. think it less important to know an area well C. have something left to see on the next trip D. try to put as many sights as possible into one trip ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段的“Slow Travelers assume that they do not have to see everything on one trip, that there will be other trips”可知Pauline认为这些慢旅游者们不是想在一次旅行中把一切看完, 而是留着以后旅行的时候来欣赏其他的东西。‎ ‎3. One of the advantages of slow travel is ________.  ‎ A. it offers you more challenges to take B. it makes full use of your money in travelling C. it helps you see as many places as possible D. it is environmentally friendly ‎【解析】选D。细节理解题。从倒数第二段的“it’s generally much easier on the environment than other types of travel. ”可知慢旅游相比其他旅游来说更环保。‎ ‎4. The purpose of this passage is ________.  ‎ A. to introduce slow travel B. to show how travelling affects our life C. to explain the slow movement D. to compare different kinds of travel ‎【解析】选A。作者意图题。本文由慢运动引出慢旅游概念, 接着介绍慢旅游的各种好处, 故选A。‎ ‎[五]‎ When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short. ‎ Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked. It’s a plant’s way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbors react. ‎ Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.  [来源:Z.xx.k.Com]‎ In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors. The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do. ‎ Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists don’t know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the ‎ neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true, intentional back and forth. ‎ Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on. ‎ ‎【文章大意】当植物受到攻击时, 它们不是坐以待毙, 而是释放出化学物质来保护自己并通知周围的植物。‎ ‎1. What does a plant do when it is under attack? ‎ A. It makes noises. ‎ B. It gets help from other plants. ‎ C. It stands quietly. ‎ D. It sends out certain chemicals. ‎ ‎【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知当植物受到攻击时, 它们不是坐以待毙, 而是释放出一种化学物质来保护自己并通知周围的植物。故选D。‎ ‎2. What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in Paragraph 3? ‎ A. The attackers get attacked. ‎ B. The insects gather under the table. ‎ C. The plants get ready to fight back. ‎ D. The perfumes attract natural enemies. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据画线句子后面的The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch. (要吃午餐的攻击者现在变成他人的午餐。)‎ 可知, 此处指攻击者遭到攻击。the tables are turned 表示“局面扭转过来了”。故选A。‎ ‎3. Scientists find from their studies that plants can________.  ‎ A. predict natural disasters B. protect themselves against insects C. talk to one another intentionally D. help their neighbors when necessary ‎【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段的Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty natural enemies to the attackers. 可知植物可以保护自己不受昆虫的袭击。‎ ‎4. What can we infer from the last paragraph? ‎ A. The world is changing faster than ever. ‎ B. People have stronger senses than before. ‎ C. The world is more complex than it seems. [来源:学+科+网]‎ D. People in Darwin’s time were more imaginative. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知, 我们的感官很弱, 这说明我们看到和听到的只是世界的一小部分, 还有很多我们不了解的事情在发生。由此可以推断出世界实际上复杂得多。故选C。‎ ‎[六]‎ Our world has been greatly affected by climate change and it is important that people, young and old, work together to fight it. Perhaps the biggest ‎ factor is the action of our children. That is why I think it is important that children today learn to be eco-friendly at a young age. ‎ I believe the nation should require schools to have a class about being “green”—Green Living could be its name. Every school would teach students about global warming, its effects, and what they can do to reduce their carbon footprint. ‎ In the classes, students could be assigned(分配) to find solutions to everyday energy problems, while learning about their effects on the earth and how we all can help. Students would be encouraged to use what they learned in class at home, where it would affect the whole family. ‎ Too many think that global warming is not a threat, but it is one of our biggest problems. How are children supposed to prevent global warming if they grow up not knowing about its dangers? Children should be exposed to ways they can help in elementary school, which is why it is important that more schools offer environmental education classes. ‎ However, to be effective, schools must take steps to be “green” too. What would children be learning if the school’s lights were always left on and there were no recycling bins? When schools are rebuilt or new ones are built, towns should support an eco-friendly design that would save energy and reduce power bills. ‎ Green living and green schools are part of a new wave that should be sweeping the nation, but is not. How will our future leaders respond after years of living in a community where preserving our world’s natural integrity(完整性) just isn’t considered important? Schools and the government should be responsible for teaching young people about global warming quickly. Seriously, how many people does it take to screw in a fluorescent(荧光灯) light bulb? ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文主要介绍了学校应该怎样教育孩子们从小了解绿色生活、气候变暖的知识。‎ ‎1. In “green living” class, children will ________.  ‎ A. learn the ways to save energy[来源:学科网]‎ B. be asked to find solutions to global warming C. be encouraged to experiment with their effects on the earth D. help reduce the carbon footprint of their friends ‎【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知, 学生可以学到减少碳排放和节能的方法。‎ ‎2. More schools offer environmental education classes to make children ________. ‎ A. realize that global warming is not a threat B. help to solve global warming from an early age C. treat global warming as one of the biggest problems D. know about the danger of preventing global warming ‎【解析】选B。细节理解题。结合第四段的最后一句可知学校提供环境教育课的原因是使孩子们在很早就可以接触到解决气候变暖的方法。‎ ‎3. What steps can be considered to be green? ‎ A. The towns should be designed in an eco-friendly way. ‎ B. Schools should be enlarged to save energy. ‎ C. Turn off the school’s lights when everyone leaves. ‎ D. Recycling bins should be new ones at school. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第五段的What would children be learning if the school’s lights were always left on and there were no recycling bins? 可知把教室的灯关掉就是使学校“绿色化”的举措之一。‎ ‎4. What might be the most suitable title for the passage? ‎ A. Green living B. Online living C. Modern living D. School living ‎【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了学校应该怎样教育孩子们从很小就了解绿色生活、气候变暖方面的知识, 从而在将来可以更好地解决气候变暖的问题。‎ ‎[七]‎ After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves. ‎ Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around. ‎ The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations — major food sources (来源) for the wolf—grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park’s red foxes, and completely drove away the park’s beavers. ‎ As early as 1966, biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park. They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets. ‎ The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have ‎ made a comeback. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了由于灰狼在美国黄石公园和美洲大陆数量的减少, 给当地环境带来的一系列的影响, 以及人们针对此问题所做出的努力。‎ ‎1. What is the text mainly about? ‎ A. Wildlife research in the United States. ‎ B. Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area. ‎ C. The conflict between farmers and gray wolves. ‎ D. The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park. ‎ ‎【解析】选D。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 文章的主要内容是关于由于灰狼在美国黄石公园和美洲大陆数量的减少, 给当地环境带来的一系列的影响, 人们为此想通过种种努力增加灰狼的数量以改善环境, 故答案为D。[来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K]‎ ‎2. What does the underlined word “displaced” in Paragraph 2 mean? ‎ A. Tested. B. Separated. ‎ C. Forced out. D. Tracked down. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。词义猜测题。前句说明在黄石公园和美洲大部分地区曾有许多的灰狼, 连词but转折了句子意义, 由此可推断出此句意为人类的发展逐渐地使灰狼“离开, 排出, 挤出”, 故选择C项。A项意 为“测试”; B项意为“分离, 隔开”; C项意为“强迫离开”; D项意为“跟踪, 追踪”。‎ ‎3. What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about? ‎ A. Damage to local ecology. ‎ B. A decline in the park’s income. ‎ C. Preservation of vegetation. ‎ D. An increase in the variety of animals. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。推理判断题。由第三段内容可知, 灰狼的消失带来很多意想不到的后果: 鹿和驼鹿数量急剧增长, 它们消耗大量的植被, 这使黄石公园地区的植物多样性减少; 灰狼消失使数量急剧增长的郊狼弄死公园地区大量的赤狐, 并且驱走这里的海狸。所有这一切都对当地的生态造成极大的危害, 故答案为A。‎ ‎4. What is the author’s attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project? ‎ A. Doubtful. B. Positive. ‎ C. Disapproving. D. Uncaring. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。观点态度题。由末段的尾句The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well. 可知, 作者认为这是一个“有价值的、重要的实验(a valuable experiment)”, 可以帮助生物学家决定是否将灰狼重新引进到美国其他地区, 故可推断出作者对此持肯定的、积极的态度。A项意为“怀疑的”; B项意为“肯定的, 积极的”; C项意为“反对的, 不赞成的”; D项意为“漠不关心的”。‎ ‎[八]‎ When slaves were first brought over from West Africa to the southern parts of America, they brought along with them aspects of their own culture—religion, dance, language, music and cuisine. A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared. The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston, and tribal chants slowly transformed into sorrowful hymns(圣歌) sung by slaves that described their hardships. ‎ These soulful accounts by slaves of the severe climate and conditions began to be called “the blues”, which continued in popularity among African Americans after the Civil War. This music increased in popularity into the early 1900s when many black musicians became an important part of the music industry. ‎ The slaves that had been brought over were from all different regions of West Africa, but they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture. This strengthened the identity of their music that, in the 1950s, eventually led to the beginning of rock and roll. The Beatles, the most influential band of the 1960s, are often determined as the accelerator that resulted in the ideology(意识形态) surrounding music that is still around today. The freedom and individuality associated with that time period brought forth a whole culture surrounding music. It was not just music any more, but a lifestyle. ‎ Over the decades, music has developed into such a vital part of society and pop culture. Musicians are glorified, with tons of adoring and screaming fans. The modern technology of present day has allowed for a greater gap between the creator of the music and the fans, as well as a widespread commercialization of music. However, criticisms of modern pop music often arise due to its mass production, and now there is a lack of the same soul and quality of naturalness and simplicity in music that was rising in the early 20th century. ‎ ‎【文章大意】黑人奴隶从非洲西部被贩卖到美国南部, 他们带去了宗教文化、舞蹈、语言、音乐和烹调。两种文化的混合随即产生了。本文主要讲述的是黑人带来的音乐方面的变化。‎ ‎1. What contributed to the birth of the Charleston? ‎ A. Various African religions. ‎ B. People’s love of tribal dances. ‎ C. A mix of two different cultures. ‎ D. The popularity of sorrowful hymns. [来源:Z+xx+k.Com]‎ ‎【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“A mix of the two cultures eventually appeared. The religious dance of the ring shout turned into modern dances like the Charleston”可知Charleston的产生是两种文化的混合。‎ ‎2. According to the passage, what can we learn about the blues? ‎ A. It became popular in the late 20th century. ‎ B. It may include the description of slaves’ hard lives. ‎ C. It mainly told the stories of the American Civil War. ‎ D. It reflected the hard lives of many black musicians. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段“tribal chants slowly transformed into sorrowful hymns sung by slaves that described their hardships. ”可知blues反映了黑人的艰难生活。‎ ‎3. What does the underlined word “This” in the third paragraph refer to? [来源:‎ A. Slaves’ collective work. ‎ B. One region of West Africa. ‎ C. The new common culture. ‎ D. The music by the Beatles. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。词义理解题。根据第三段“The slaves that had been brought over were from all different regions of West Africa, but they worked together until they gradually formed a common culture. ”可知This在此处指上文提到的common culture。‎ ‎4. It can be learned that the music in the early 20th century ________. ‎ A. possessed soul and sincerity B. became more commercialized C. was blamed for its mass production D. widened the gap between musicians and fans ‎【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段判断出20世纪早期的音乐拥有真挚的情感。‎ ‎[九]‎ It is becoming a growing trend that more and more consumers across the country are using cashless payment methods. The rapid development of third-party mobile payment tools is helping to boost cashless payments across the country, said Dong Ximiao, a researcher at the Renmin University of China. ‎ Transactions (交易) involving third-party mobile payments rose by 46.8 percent in the first quarter of 2017 compared with the previous quarter to 18.8 trillion yuan, according to a report released in May.‎ Although there were 3.4 billion third-party payment accounts in total in China in 2016, China is not the first country to seek a cashless society. Developed states like Sweden, Denmark and Singapore are also witnessing that increase.‎ However, the rapid development of cashless payments does not mean there are no challenges and criticisms. Alibaba’s Hema store, where customers can shop, dine and order commodities for delivery from their mobile phones via Alipay, has come into the spotlight recently. Media reports said that consumers can’t purchase goods with cash there, which would be considered illegal.‎ Alipay and WeChat Pay, the nation’s two major third-party mobile payment tools, also launched campaigns this month to encourage more merchants and customers to use cashless payment methods, which caused concerns over whether cash will soon disappear.‎ ‎“Some offline sellers refuse to accept cash, which impacts the natural circulation of yuan,” said Dong. He emphasized that a cashless society would not mean that cash would completely disappear. As the economy grows, the circulation of cash is still very huge, noted Dong. Also, it’s important to remember that nearly half of China’s population live in rural areas, especially in undeveloped western regions, unable to enjoy innovation (革新) brought by the Internet, Dong said. And when it comes to China’s senior citizens, most of them prefer to use cash in their daily lives, he added.‎ ‎“It’s ridiculous to question digital payment tools’ contribution toward financial development. In the long term, various payment methods will be used by consumers, and merchants should respect consumers’ payment habits,” Dong noted.‎ ‎28.What does the underlined word “ that” in paragraph 3 probably refer to?‎ A. Economic activity. B. Cashless payment. C. Development of economy. D. Large amount of payment.‎ ‎29.Why has Alibaba’s Hema store become a focus?‎ A. It fights against illegal activities. B. It provides comprehensive services. C. Customers are not permitted to use cash there. D. It starts campaigns to encourage mobile payment.‎ ‎30.Which of the following will Dong find reasonable?‎ A. Various payment methods ought to be respected. B. People should be encouraged to use mobile payment. C. Most elderly people have no access to mobile payment. D. Mobile payment isn’t beneficial to a cost-effective society.‎ ‎31.What is the text mainly about?‎ A.China’s cashless trend. B. The research on mobile payment. C. The reasons to use mobile payment. D. China’s cashless future.‎ ‎28-31 BCAD ‎ ‎【文章大意】越来越多的消费者采用无现金支付方法，但是无现金社会并不意味着现金的完全消失。 ‎ ‎​28. B 根据划线单词所在的句子及前面的句子：But China is not the first country to seek a cashless society. Developed states like Sweden, Denmark and Singapore are also witnessing that increase. 但是中国不是第一个寻求无现金社会的国家。发达的国家，如瑞典、丹麦及新加坡也见证着那种增长。由此可知that指的是“无现金支付”。故选B。 29. C 根据第三段的内容：  However, Alibaba's Hema store, where customers can shop, dine and order goods for delivery from their mobile phones via Alipay, has come into the spotlight recently. 由此可知，阿里巴巴的赫马店成为人们关注的焦点是因为在这里顾客不准使用现金。故选C。 ​30. A 答题依据为文章最后一句：“In the end, sellers should respect consumers’payment habits,”Dong noted. 最后，销售者应该尊重顾客的支付习惯。由此可知董先生认为不同的支付习惯应该得到尊重。故选A。 ​31. D答题依据为倒数第二段的第一句和文章最后一句：Dong stressed that a cashless society would not mean that cash would completely disappear.“In the end, sellers should respect consumers’payment habits,”Dong noted. 无现金社会并不意味着现金完全消失。商家应该尊重消费者的支付习惯。由此可知文章主要讲的是未来是不是一个无现金的。故选D。‎ ‎[十]‎ ‎ Back in 2009, China was wrongly accused by the West of "controlling" the Copenhagen talks on climate change. By then China had truly carried out strict policies to reduce the energy consumption of economic activities and at the international level, the top Chinese leaders participated in round-clock efforts to cooperate with the major players to build a united front for efforts to solve global warming. But China was finally misjudged.‎ ‎ This misjudgment caused China's scholars to rethink China's climate change communicative ways. Among them was Zheng Baowei, journalism professor of Renmin University of China, who realized China had to better shape its communication on its environmental protection.‎ ‎ Delightfully, the efforts have paid off. Zheng set up a top-level international group advising his research team. He is in charge of doctoral candidates on climate change communication. Climate awareness surveys have been conducted, and a package of communication tools has been designed. Many seminars have been arranged.‎ ‎ Recently, he arranged a seminar on climate change and health communication on the changing situation both in China and the world. First of all, this stressed that China's policy has developed from reducing its energy consumption and pollution prevention to the important goals of achieving a "Beautiful China" and "'Healthy China, "while coming up with plans to realize an ecological civilization since late 2012. With such goals, China played a leading role in securing the Paris climate change deal in 2015 together with the United States and European Union. In Paris, China promised to let out its carbon to the maximum in 2030.‎ ‎ It is a demanding job communicating climate change and other topics of lasting development well. Despite that, some foreign scholars have realized China's smart ways in presenting the green concepts. They appreciated China's idea of building a "Beautiful China" and "Healthy China" and said it can he expanded into an idea of a "Beautiful World" and "Healthy World".‎ ‎ Looking back from how China had followed the steps of the industrialized countries in advocating climate fight, people find now its own green ideas are being recognized.‎ ‎28．What did the West think of the role China played in Copenhagen talks in 2009?‎ A．China worked successfully with other countries.‎ B．China succeeded in hosting the conferences.‎ C．China participated passively in all the talks.‎ D．China played a negative part in the talks.‎ ‎29．How did China deal with the misjudgment?‎ A．China had to improve communicative ways with other countries.‎ B．China spared no effort to prevent air and water being polluted.‎ C．China made great efforts to protect the environment.‎ D．China intended to gain fair judgment from the world.‎ ‎30．What is China's policy on climate change and health communication?‎ A．Reducing as much energy consumption as possible to control pollution.‎ B．Focusing more on realizing an ecological civilization in China.‎ C．Communicating climate change and some other topics well.‎ D．Reaching the goals of a "Beautiful China" and "Healthy China".‎ ‎31．What makes China's green idea well received?‎ A．China making promises to let out its carbon to the maximum in 2030.‎ B．China reducing its energy consumption as well as pollution prevention.‎ C．China's idea being updated to that of a Beautiful World and Healthy World.‎ D．China following the steps of the industrialized countries fighting global warming.‎ 参考答案：28—31 DADC