话题15+工作与职业（Jobs+-26Careers）-备战2018年高考英语必考话题分类解析

话题15+工作与职业（Jobs+-26Careers）-备战2018年高考英语必考话题分类解析

工作是舞台，是责任，是忠诚，是敬业，是激情，是协作。为了生存我们每一个人都需要工作，但工作的意义远非如此。工作不仅是一个人谋生的需要，同时也是贡献社会、实现自我的途径。只有工作我们才能体现出自己的人生价值，通过工作我们才能不断地进步。＂工作与职业＂是高中英语新课程标准话题之一，包括工作经历与感受、工作类别、工作压力、招聘广告、寻找工作、职业规划、经济收入、社会责任等方面。通过本话题的学习与高考考查，让学生树立正确的职业观、责任感，为将来的工作与职业打下心理基础。‎ ‎＂工作与职业＂是高考英语常考话题，在听力、阅读理解、完形填空以及书面表达等题型中都会有所体现，例如2017年新课标卷I阅读理解B篇，2017年新课标卷II的阅读理解七选五，2017年新课标卷III是阅读理解B篇与语法填空，2017年北京卷完形填空，2016年全国卷Ⅰ短文改错、2016年全国卷Ⅰ书面表达、2016年全国卷Ⅱ语法填空，2016年北京卷阅读理解A篇等。由此看出有关＂工作与职业＂的高考试题每年必定出现。‎ ‎【相关词汇】‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅰ.写作必记单词 ‎1.achieve v.完成；实现；达到→achievement n.完成；成就 ‎2.appoint vt.任命；委派；指定；约定(时间、地点)→appointment n.约定，约会；任命，委派 ‎3.conclusion n.结论；结束→conclude vt.结束；推断 ‎4.earn vt.赢得；挣得；赚得 ‎5.employ v.雇用→employment n.雇用→unemployment n.失业→employer n.雇主→employee n.雇员 ‎6.hire vt.雇用；租用 ‎7.interview n.& vt.采访，会见，面试→interviewer n.采访者；主持面试者→interviewee n.接受面试者；被采访者 ‎8.manage vt.经营；管理；设法对付→management n.经营；管理→manager n.经理；管理人 ‎9.quit vt.停止；离开 ‎10.resign vt.& vi.辞职 ‎11.retire vt.& vi.退休 ‎12.undertake vt.承担；从事 Ⅱ.阅读识记单词 ‎13.adjust v.调整；(使)适应；调节 ‎14.allowance n.津贴；零用钱 ‎15.appearance n.外貌→appear vi.出现 ‎16.applicant n.申请人 ‎17.application n.申请 ‎18.architect n.建筑师 ‎19.assistant n.助手，助理→assist vt.帮助；协助→assistance n.帮助；协助 ‎20.bonus n.津贴；奖金；红利 ‎21.candidate n.候选人；应试者 ‎22.certificate n.执照；证(明)书 ‎23.chance n.机会；机遇 ‎24.consideration n.考虑；要考虑的事；体贴→considerate adj.想得周到的；体贴的→consider vt.思考，考虑；认为→considering prep.考虑到；鉴于 ‎25.dismiss vt.让……离开；开除；解散；解雇 ‎26.educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的 ‎27.expectation n.期待，期望 ‎28.fail v.失败；(考试)不及格 ‎29.hold v.担任；拥有；保持；抓住 ‎30.occupation n.职业 ‎31.opportunity n.机会 ‎32.possibility n.可能性；可能 ‎33.physicist n.物理学家 ‎34.potential adj.潜在的；可能的；n.潜力 ‎35.position n.职位 ‎36.profession n.职业，专业 ‎37.qualify vt.& vi.(使)具有资格；(使)具备合格条件 ‎ ‎38.qualified adj.有资格的 ‎39.reply vt.& n.回答；回复 ‎40.representative n.代表，典型(人物)‎ ‎41.requirement n.要求 ‎42.secretary n.秘书；书记 ‎43.specialist n.专科医生；专家 ‎44.succeed v.成功 ‎45.welfare n.幸福；福利 ‎1.apply for申请 ‎2.be fit for适合 ‎3.in charge of主管 ‎4.be in the charge of sb./be in one’s charge在某人的掌管之下 ‎5.be occupied with忙于做；专心于 ‎6.be out of employment/be out of work/lose one’s job失业 ‎7.feel equal to感觉能胜任 ‎8.hand over移交；交出 ‎9.hunt for搜寻；寻找 ‎10.meet with符合；遇到；遭受 ‎11.look ahead展望未来；为将来设想 ‎12.take charge of负责；接管 The Worthwhile Job 有价值的工作 There were five brothers who wanted to do something important.‎ 有兄弟五个，都想干点大事。‎ They had their own certain jobs that they wanted to do.‎ 他们都有自己想做的工作。‎ Each thought his job was the best.‎ 每个人都觉得自己的工作是最好的。‎ ‎＂I will be a great man. I want to make bricks.＂‎ ‎＂我会成为大人物的，我想造砖。＂‎ The oldest brother wanted to be a brick burner and make bricks.‎ 老大想做个烧砖的去造砖。‎ But the second laughed at him, ＂Making bricks is a laborer’s worthless job.＂‎ 可是老二嘲笑他＂造砖是件毫无价值可言的体力活。＂‎ The second oldest brother wanted to be a bricklayer, and he thought the bricklayer was much more important than a brick burner.‎ 老二想当个砌砖的工匠，他认为砌砖比烧砖更重要。‎ He wanted to have a much more valuable job than his older brother did.‎ 他想找份比他大哥做的事更有价值的工作。‎ Then, the third brother laughed at his two brothers after he listened to their dream jobs.‎ 听了两个哥哥的理想工作，老三嘲笑他两个哥哥，‎ ‎＂Hum! They are all unimportant jobs. I will be a great architect and wear a rimless hat.＂‎ ‎＂哼!这些工作都不重要。我要当一名建筑师，戴无沿的帽子。＂‎ His dream was to be an architect and to leave his name in posterity.‎ 他梦想成为一名建筑师，流芳百世。‎ The third oldest brother said he would build great buildings.‎ 老三说他要建许多伟大的建筑。‎ He wanted to leave great buildings for the next generation after he died.‎ 他想死后给子孙们留下这些伟大的建筑。‎ After listening to his brothers, the forth said that he wanted to design better buildings than his third brother.‎ 听了哥哥们的话，老四说他设计的建筑要比老三造的更好，‎ ‎＂I will design more advanced buildings than you will build.＂‎ ‎＂我要设计比你造的更先进的建筑。＂‎ He did not like normal materials.‎ 他不喜欢常规的建筑材料。‎ He wanted to have buildings made of rare materials so that he could have better buildings than his third brother did.‎ 他想用更稀有的建筑材料，这样他的建筑要比老三建造的那些更好。＂‎ ‎＂I will be a critic and will criticize my brothers’ work. Isn’t it the most valuable job? ＂‎ 我要成为一名评论家，来评论哥哥们的工作。难道这不是更有价值的?‎ The last promised to himself that he would never follow his brothers’ paths.‎ 老小暗自发誓，他不会走他哥哥们的路。‎ He wanted to correct his brothers’ mistakes.‎ 他想纠正哥哥们的错误。‎ As time went by, the oldest brother became a brick burner.‎ 时光流逝，老大成了一名烧砖工。‎ The second brother became a bricklayer.‎ 老二成了一名砌砖匠。‎ The third one became an architect, and the forth became an architectural designer.‎ 老三成了一名建筑师，老四成了一名建筑设计师。‎ They all passed away after they did what they really wanted to do.‎ 做了他们真正想做的，他们全都成为他们想成为的人。‎ ‎＂The only one left is me.＂‎ ‎＂就只剩我了。＂‎ The last one lived longer than any of his brothers, and he became a critic.‎ 老小活的比他的哥哥们都要长，他成为了一名评论家。‎ ‎＂I did the most important job.＂‎ ‎＂我做的工作是最重要的。＂‎ The last still insisted that he had the most worthwhile job among his brothers.‎ 老小依旧坚持认为他做的工作比他的哥哥们做的都要有价值。‎ After he died, even though he could go to Heaven only with his brothers’ help, he murmured to himself continuously in front of the Gate of Heaven.‎ 死后，即便凭借哥哥们的帮助他才来到天堂，在天堂的门口，他还是不停的叨念。‎ ‎＂I am the best.＂ ‎ ‎＂我是最好的。＂‎ Whatever your job is, they are all of the same importance.‎ 不管你的工作是什么，它们都是同样重要的。‎ ‎（二）The Most And Least Meaningful Jobs 最有意义和最没意义的职业 Each year, Forbes reports on PayScale’s list of the most meaningful jobs that also pay well. But when the caveat of income is removed, medical professionals, criminal justice workers, and youth ministers still find their way to the top of the list, while some highly-paid jobs are found to provide little meaning to those that hold them.‎ ‎《福布斯》每年都会对PayScale发布的最有意义的高薪工作的榜单进行报道。当剔除和收入相关的光环后，医学专家、刑事司法工作者和青年导师依然能够高居榜首，但有些从事高薪职业的人却发现其工作毫无意义。‎ To create this list, PayScale asked workers in more than 400 jobs from the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) to provide compensation data and respond to questions about whether they feel their work makes the world a better place.‎ 为编制这份榜单，PayScale邀请职业信息网络（Occupational Information Network）中逾400种岗位上的员工分享了他们的薪酬数据，并回答有关他们是否认为其工作可以让世界变得更加美好等问题。‎ Compensation, as listed here, factors in salary or hourly wages, bonuses, and additional compensation such as profit sharing, tips, or commission, but does not include the value of stock awards, retirement plans, or benefits such as healthcare. ＂Median pay＂ is defined as the 50th percentile of national earnings for a particular occupation — half of all people in that job earn above the median while half earn below.‎ 此处提到的薪酬包含月薪或者时薪、奖金以及利润分成、小费或者佣金等其他现金收入，但不包括股权、退休金或者医疗等非现金福利。＂工资中位数＂是指对于某特定职业，在全美年薪排名第50位的水平——在所有从事这项工作的人当中，年薪高出和低于那个中位数的员工各占一半。‎ Topping the list for the most meaningful job is a three-way tie of jobs as different in compensation as they are in nature: orthopedic surgeon, police chief, and youth minister.‎ 在最有意义的职业榜单中，骨科医生、警察局长和青年导师并列第一，但他们的薪酬和工作性质不尽相同。‎ Orthopedic surgeons, those who perform surgery to correct musculoskeletal issues, take home median pay of $337,800 each year, and 100% of respondents found strong meaning in their work. The field is heavily male-dominated, as is that of police chief. While these professionals don’t bring in nearly the salaries of orthopedic surgeons, 100% found their work meaningful. The job pays a respectable median of $63,100.‎ 进行骨骼修复手术的骨科医生的年薪中位数为337,800美元，而100%的受访者认为其工作有深刻意义。该领域男性居多，警察局长也同样如此。后者的年薪虽不及骨科医生，但是100%的受访者认为其工作有意义。这份职业的年薪中位数也相当不错，为63,100美元。‎ Youth minister, the third party in this tie for first, pays the least by far–an annual median $35,000 — but 100% of respondents still find strong meaning in the role.‎ 并列该榜第一的第三份职业是青年导师，这是是目前为止三份职业中薪资最低的——年薪中位数为35,000美元——但100%的受访者能在其工作中发现深刻的意义。‎ While many of the roles designated as ＂most meaningful＂ are management or leadership positions like elementary school principal, assisted living administrator, or executive director of a non-profit, the majority of these jobs involve working closely with people in a helpful capacity, for example, as a sign language interpreter.‎ 虽然很多被认为＂最有意义的＂工作都是管理或者领导职位，比如小学校长、辅助生活管理员或者非营利组织的执行董事，但其中大多数工作需要以一种能给予帮助的方式与与他人密切合作，比如，手语翻译。‎ The average salary among meaningful occupations is $85,280, compared with an average $51,180 among those deemed less meaningful. But when the average is calculated without the salary of orthopedic surgeons — who outearn the next best-paid profession by more than $200,000–the average salary for the most meaningful jobs is reduced to a more comparable $57,222.‎ 最有有意义的十种职业的平均年薪为85,280美元，相比之下，那些被认为没意义的职业的平均年薪为51,180美元。但如果不计入骨科医生的收入——它要比排在第二位的高薪职业高出20多万美元——那么最有意义的职业的平均年薪会降至57,222美元，如此一来，这二者似乎更具可比性。‎ Only 7% of senior media buyers felt their job makes the world a better place, though it pays nearly $60,000 a year. ‎ 虽然高级媒介采购专员的年薪将近6万美元，但只有7%的受访者认为其工作会令世界变得更美好。‎ Low wage occupations such as assistant manager of a fast food outlet and shipper also landed on the list alongside more prestigious and well-compensated jobs like senior web designer, fashion designer, and merchandise planner.‎ 在十种最没意义的职业中，除了快餐店副经理和快递员等低收入工作，还包括高级网页设计师、时装设计师和店面规划员等更受人尊敬和待遇丰厚的职业。‎ 高考试题一（2017年·新课标卷I）‎ 题型 体裁 话题 难度 建议时间 阅读理解 记叙文 ‎ 作者救助一只小猫头鹰 ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎6分钟 ‎ I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.‎ ‎ I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.‎ ‎ I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.‎ ‎ The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.‎ ‎ Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.‎ ‎ A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.‎ ‎24. What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according to paragraph 1?‎ A. Efforts made in vain.‎ B. Getting injured in his work.‎ C. Feeling uncertain about his future.‎ D. Creatures forced out of their homes.‎ ‎25. Why was the author called to Muttontown?‎ A. To rescue a woman.‎ B. To take care of a woman.‎ C. To look at a baby owl.‎ D. To cure a young owl.‎ ‎26.What made the chick calm down?‎ A. A new nest. B. Some food. ‎ C. A recording. D. Its parents.‎ ‎27.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?‎ A. It’s unexpected. B. It’s beautiful.‎ C. It’s humorous. D. It’s discouraging.‎ 助它回到父母身边的故事。‎ ‎24. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain.可知救助受伤的、流离失所的、生病的动物是令人心碎的，因为我们不知道救助的动物是否能活下去，也就是说我们为救助动物而花费的努力可能会白费，这是不可避免的。故选A。‎ ‎27. B 【解析】观点态度题。根据前文描述可知作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的父母，小猫头鹰的父母还为它带回了午餐，作者的救助成功了，说明结局是美好 的。再结合第一段的However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.可推测，作者感觉很美好。故选B。‎ 高考试题二（2017年·新课标卷II）‎ 题型 体裁 话题 难度 建议时间 七选五 说明文 避免工作被打断的几点建议 ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎7分钟 Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. 36 ,there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.‎ ‎ 37 .Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.‎ When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then. 38 .It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions.‎ When you need to someone, don’t do it in your own office. 39 , it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40 . If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter. Excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint(暗示) than when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.‎ A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work ‎ C. Set boundaries for yourself as your time goes D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available F. It might seem unkind to cut people shirt when they interrupt you G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not ‎【话题解读】本文是一篇说明文。为避免工作被打断是一件令人感觉很糟糕的事，文章提出了几点建议，防止此类事件的发生。‎ ‎36.B 【解析】根据there are several ways to handle things，可知下文是关于几种防止在工作中被别人打断的方法，此句与前半句构成一个完整的句子，根据语境分析。故选B。‎ ‎37.A 【解析】根据后文＂Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the of you can talk at a different time＂可知，学会在自己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。故选A。‎ ‎38.E 【解析】根据横线前＂have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then＂安排好时间，让他们知道你在什么时候回来，或者告诉他们，你会去找他们，再结合后文＂It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions＂可知选E。‎ ‎40.G 【解析】根据＂If you have a door to your office,make good use of it.＂可知，此段主要是讲述关于如何利用自己办公室的门来防止被打扰。故选G。‎ 高考试题三（2017年·新课标卷III）‎ 题型 体裁 话题 难度 建议时间 语法填空 记叙文 ‎ 学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择 ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎10分钟 ‎ She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). Instead, she is earning £6500 a day as 62 model in New York. ‎ ‎ Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).‎ She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture. ‎ Sarah says, ＂My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.＂‎ ‎【话题解读】本文主要介绍了Sarah Thomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择，她认为在青少年时期要把学业放在首位。‎ ‎61. resting ‎ ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。固定短语：spend time doing sth花费时间做某事。‎ ‎62. a ‎ ‎【解析】考查冠词。model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指 ＂一个＂，故填a。‎ ‎63. was told / has been told ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可判断出谓语动词应该用一般过去时或现在完成时的被动形式，又因主语Sarah是第三人称单数，故填was told / has been told。‎ ‎64. who ‎ ‎【解析】考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Sarah，指人，要用who。‎ ‎ 67. invitations ‎ ‎【解析】考查名词单复数。several修饰可数名词复数形式，故填invitations。‎ ‎68. in ‎ ‎【解析】考查介词。in表示＂在某方面＂，获得某项学位 ＂get a degree in…＂。‎ ‎69. comes ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词。根据语境可知Sarah认为当下应该是学业第一，说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。‎ ‎70. certainly ‎ ‎【解析】考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词形式，故填certainly。‎ 高考试题四（2017年·北京卷）‎ 题型 体裁 话题 难度 建议时间 完形填空 记叙文 ‎ 建立公益组织筹集资金帮助那些无家可归忍饥挨饿的人 ‎★★★★☆‎ ‎17分钟 ‎ Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba, Canada. One day, when she was five years old, she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man 36 out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very 37 .She couldn’t understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could 38 ,but, of course, there is not a lot one five-year-old can do to solve(解决)the problem of homelessness. ‎ Later, when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was a woman, 39 an old shopping trolley（购物车）which was piled with 40 . It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more 41 to do something. She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people 42 they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldn’ t 43 as bad.‎ Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She hoped to 44 her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foudation, an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to 45 ＂Big Bosses＂ lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to 46 to the cause. She also organized a fundraising(募捐)drive in ＂Ladybug Jars＂ to collect everyone’s spare change during ＂Make Change＂ month. More recently, the foundation began another 47 called National Red Scarf ‎ Day—a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada’s 48 and homeless.‎ There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called ＂Hannah’s Place＂, something that Hannah is very 49 of. Hannah’s Place is divided into several areas, providing shelter for people when it is so cold that 50 outdoors can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of 51 .For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the 52 of young people to change the world. But 53 all this, Hannah still has the 54 life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.‎ Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a 55 in the world. You can,too!‎ ‎36. A. jumping B. eating C. crying D. waving ‎37. A. annoyed B. nervous C. ashamed D. upset ‎38. A. behave B. manage C. help D. work ‎39. A. pushing B. carrying C. buying D. holding ‎40. A. goods B. bottles C. foods D. bags ‎41. A. excited B. determined C. energetic D. grateful ‎42. A. since B. unless C. although D. as ‎43. A. sound B. get C. feel D. look ‎44. A. exchange B. leave C. keep D. spread ‎45. A. sell B. deliver C. host D. pack ‎46. A. contribute B. lead C. apply D. agree ‎47. A. campaign B. trip C. procedure D. trial ‎48. A. elderly B. hungry C. lonely D. sick ‎49. A. aware B. afraid C. proud D. sure ‎50 A. going B. sleeping C. traveling D. playing ‎51. A. praises B. invitations C. replies D. appointments ‎52. A. needs B. interests C. dreams D. efforts ‎53. A. for B. through C. besides D. along ‎54. A. healthy B. public C. normal D. tough ‎55. A. choice B. profit C. judgement D. difference ‎【话题解读】本文讲述Hannah Taylor通过自己的努力来建立公益组织筹集资金帮助那些无家可归忍饥挨饿的人。‎ ‎38.C 【解析】考查动词。A. behave表现，行为举止B. manage管理，设法；C. help帮助D. work工作。Hannah开始思考她如何能帮到他们，根据句意选C。‎ ‎39.A 【解析】考查动词。A. pushing 推B. carrying 拿C. buying买D. holding握。购物车肯定是推着的，根据逻辑常识可推出，故选A。‎ ‎40.D 【解析】考查名词。A. goods 货物B. bottles瓶子C. foods 食物D. bags包。因为是流浪者，所以随身的东西肯定都是用包装好的，故车上堆满了包，里面装满了东西，选D。‎ ‎41.B 【解析】考查形容词。A. excited激动的B. determined下决心的，坚定的C. energetic精力充沛的D. grateful感激的。Hannah很难过，所以她更加下定决心一定要把这件事做好，故选B。‎ ‎42.A 【解析】考查连词。A. since自从B. unless除非C. although尽管D. as因为。句意：自从他们第一次看到无家可归的人，Hannah就一直在跟她的妈妈说流浪者的生活，根据句意可知选A。‎ ‎43.C 【解析】考查动词。A. sound听B. get获得C. feel感觉D. look看。她妈妈告诉她只要她付出努力去改变那些让她难过的事情，就不会和以前一样感觉那么糟糕了，此处指的是感觉上，故选C。‎ ‎44.D 【解析】考查动词。A. exchange交换B. leave 离开C. keep 保持D. spread传播。她希望她那带着希望和意识的信息能够传播开来，根据句意可知选D。‎ ‎ 47.A 【解析】考查名词。A. campaign运动B. trip 旅行C. procedure 过程D. trial实验。基金会又举办了一项运动，来筹集资金，根据句意和逻辑推理可知选A。‎ ‎48.B 【解析】考查形容词。A. elderly 年纪大的B. hungry 饥饿的C. lonely 孤独的D. sick生病的。此处是指为那些饥饿的人和无家可归的人，前文中第一次出现的就是从垃圾桶里找东西吃的人让Hannah很难过，所以她的帮助对象肯定包含饥饿的人，选B。‎ ‎49.C 【解析】考查形容词。A. aware意识的B. afraid 害怕的C. proud 骄傲的 D. sure肯定的。前面提到为那些无家可归的人见建了一个名为Hannah’s Place的地方，以她的名字命名的，所以 Hannah肯定非常骄傲，自豪，故选C。‎ ‎50.B 【解析】考查动词。A. going去B. sleeping 睡 C. traveling 旅行D. playing玩。当天冷到在室外睡觉就意味着死的时候，这个避难所就会给那些无家可归的人，根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎51.A 【解析】考查名词。A. praises赞美B. invitations邀请C. replies回复D. appointments约会。她收到了很多的赞美。因为下文有这方面的举例，给她颁奖，故答案为A。‎ ‎52.D 【解析】考查名词。A. needs需要 B. interests兴趣C. dreams梦想D. efforts努力。此处是指这个奖项是为了认可年轻人改变这个世界所作出的努力，根据句意可知选D。‎ ‎53.B 【解析】考查介词。A. for 为了B. through通过C. besides 此外D. along沿着。但是经过所有这些之后，Hannah依然过着Winnipeg学校一名女生的普通的生活，根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎54.C 【解析】考查形容词。A. healthy健康的B. public 公共的C. normal 正常的，普通的D. tough艰难的。Hannah依然过着Winnipeg学校一名女生的普通的生活，根据句意可知答案为C。‎ ‎55.D 【解析】考查名词。A. choice选择B. profit 利润C. judgement 判断D. difference不同。此处为固定短语：make a difference起作用，有影响，选D。‎ 高考试题五（2016年·新课标卷I）‎ 题型 体裁 话题 难度 建议时间 书面表达 应用文 请外教帮修改申请书和个人简历文字和格式 ‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎18分钟 假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外资公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历(resume)。给外教Ms.Jenkins 写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式(format)。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 第二步　确定段落 写这篇文章时，可分三段来写：‎ 第一段：向Ms. Jenkins告知自己的计划并寻求她的帮助；‎ 第二段：详细描述自己的计划，并请Ms. Jenkins修改自己的申请书和个人简历；‎ 第三段：再次请求帮助。‎ 第三步　提炼要点 ‎1.即将到来的暑假the coming summer vacation ‎ ‎2.减轻某人的负担reduce one’s burden ‎3.一份兼职工作a parttime job ‎4.申请表/信application form/letter ‎5.个人简历personal resume ‎6.吸引某人的眼球catch one’s eye ‎7.参考/查阅refer to ‎ ‎8.改正错误correct mistake ‎9.如果你能帮我……，我将不胜感激I’d appreciate it if you could help me...‎ ‎10.盼望……look forward to...‎ ‎ (句式升级)In order to/To earn some extra money and reduce my family’s burden，I’d like to go to a foreign capital company to find a parttime job.‎ ‎2.如果你能帮助我修改它们我将不胜感激。‎ ‎(一般表达)I’d be grateful to you if you could help me.‎ ‎(句式升级)I’d appreciate it if you could help me revise them. ‎ Dear Ms. Jenkins，‎ I want to tell you something about my plan for the coming summer vacation and I’m writing to ask you for some help.‎ In order to earn some extra money and reduce my family’s burden，I’d like to go to a foreign capital company to find a parttime job. I’ve finished the application form and personal resume. This is the first time that I have written an application and the personal resume and I’m not sure if they are written well enough to catch their eye. Please refer to the attachments which include the application form and resume. You can correct any mistakes you find in them.‎ I’d appreciate it if you could help me revise them.‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ ‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua I.阅读理解 A 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ Basketball Statistician Help Wanted The Athletic Department is looking for students to help assist staff during the Fall 2016, Winter 2016-17 and Spring 2017 semesters. Students in this position will be keeping live statistics during basketball games. Students must meet all of the following requirements:‎ ‎•Good computer skills ‎•Available evenings and weekends ‎•Knowing basketball rules and statistics Students interested in working for the Athletic Department should contact the Athletic Coordinator at their respective(各自的) campuses.‎ ‎•TP/SS Athletic Coordinator, Michael Simone, 240-567-1308‎ ‎•Rockville Athletic Coordinator, Jorge Zuniga, 240-567-7589‎ ‎•Springfield Athletic Coordinator, Gary Miller, 240-567-2273‎ ‎•Germantown Athletic Coordinator, Gauri Chavan, 240-567-6915‎ ‎1.When will the job start?‎ A. In May 2016. B. In May 2017.‎ C. In September 2016. D. In September 2017.‎ ‎2.Who is more likely to get the job?‎ A. Sam, English major, member of the college basketball team.‎ B. Judy, IT staff with night classes, children’s basketball team coach.‎ C. Ted, computer major, basketball fan, free on evenings and weekends.‎ D. Molly, part-time programmer, high school basketball player, new mother.‎ ‎3.Whom should you contact if you want to apply for the job in Rockville?‎ A. Michael. B. Jorge. ‎ C. Gauri. D. Gary.‎ B 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎ How can a teen set themselves up for success? Here are some important points ‎ that you may find helpful.‎ Figure out your goals in life and work toward them. Start thinking about careers you would like to be in, but make a good choice based on your interests and strengths. 　 1 　You could also work towards non-career related goals, such as creating your own fundraiser, getting good grades in school, joining in a team sport, etc. Challenge yourself and you’ll be surprised at what you can accomplish!‎ Don’t get into any trouble, legal or otherwise. It could ruin your future plans. Avoid the peer pressure and keep away from the cigarettes, alcohol, and drugs. 　 2 　If you’re being pressured into anything, walk away. If you can avoid these things during your teen years, they’re a lot easier to avoid once you’re out of high school and away from peer pressure.‎ Have good friends to help you out! 　 3 　Be with people who make you happy. Create a group of supportive, loving friends that can help you succeed in life and live your dreams. Find a few really good friends that will stick with you once you leave high school.‎ ‎　 4 　Join a sports team at school or out of school. Take your dog for a nice, long walk. Join a yoga group, go swimming at the local recreation center, or do sit-ups during commercial breaks on TV! Just exercise! 　 5 　Studies show that people who are actively involved in activities in their teen years will be more active when they’re adults.‎ A. Get active!‎ B. Go for a run around your neighborhood.‎ C. This could be your job for the rest of your life!‎ D. You will start forming your own ideas this way.‎ E. It helps you feel better, mentally and physically.‎ F. Friends are there to support you and lift your spirits.‎ G. Obey the law and avoid ending up in the back of a police car.‎ II.完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I haven’t always wanted to be in education. It wasn’t until I was in high school that I 　1　that education was something I was interested in. It began when I really started falling in love with my 　2　work at a camp that helps people with disabilities without pay. My 　3　at that camp encouraged me to 　4　special education, and being 　5　to Boston University has made me more 　6　about it. ‎ ‎　7　my path towards education started early, my first 　8　teaching experience didn’t begin until this past summer. I got to work as a kindergarten teacher at a summer school.  　9　my love for children, especially those from kindergarten through second grade, I was very 　10　with my position. ‎ Of course, I was 　11　nervous on my first day of teaching.  　12　, my first day in the classroom went better than I 　13　. My job was to teach them the alphabet, how to spell words, and simple math, like counting. While the learning 　14　was not difficult, coming up with six weeks’ 　15　of lesson plans was something that I had never 　16　before. At first, it was very difficult for me to 　17　what I should do for every day, but with time going by, the 　18　got a little bit easier, and I started getting more creative with the lessons. ‎ This teaching experience gave me a 　19　of what it is that I could potentially be doing a few years from now, and I am very excited to 　20　this amazing field that is education. ‎ ‎1.A. realized B. accepted C. remembered D. supposed ‎2.A. promising B. ambitious C. voluntary D. typical ‎3.A. experiments B. experiences C. entertainments D. ambitions ‎4.A. set up B. take over C. get through D. major in ‎5.A. admitted B. attached C. moved D. recommended ‎6.A. anxious B. enthusiastic C. particular D. curious ‎7.A. When B. Unless C. Though D. Because ‎8.A. distinctive B. formal C. normal D. independent ‎9.A. By means of B. In terms of C. Because of D. Regardless of ‎10.A. satisfied B. familiar C. patient D. strict ‎11.A. occasionally B. accidentally C. casually D. extremely ‎12.A. Besides B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise ‎13.A. concluded B. predicted C. discovered D. expected ‎14.A. content B. environment C. equipment D. rule ‎15.A. notice B. worth C. account D. awareness ‎16.A. tried B. managed C. identified D. acknowledged ‎17.A. put out B. figure out C. come out D. carry out ‎18.A. process B. progress C. solution D. attempt ‎19.A. suggestion B. warning C. view D. comment ‎20.A. preserve B. evaluate C. appreciate D. explore III.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ I’m a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from 　1　early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school 　2　(day)in public schools.‎ My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself 　3　words. I went to a workshop and 　4　(gradual) got good at making things with clay. Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled 　5　I was in language, I could still be smart and well express 　6　(I) with clay. And my confidence came along.‎ Later I decided to apply my previous experience to 　7　(learn) how to read and write. Every day, I 　8　(practice) reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was able to read and write.‎ ‎　9　(go) through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally 　10　(know), hard, but interesting.‎ IV.书面表达 假如你是李华。你打算到China Daily参加记者面试。请根据以下要点，用英语写一封自荐信。‎ ‎1.应聘原因：公司声望、个人梦想；‎ ‎2.个人能力：懂英语，善编辑，对新闻有敏感在嗅觉，善沟通，团队意识强等；‎ ‎3.决心与愿望。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.词数100左右。信的格式已给出，不计入总词数；‎ ‎2.可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：‎ 声望：reputation 资格 qualification Dear Sir,‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Looking forward to your reply. Best wishes.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua 提分检测 I.阅读理解 A ‎ 【文章大意】这是一个招聘广告。文章介绍了体育部的招聘要求以及联系人。‎ ‎1.C 【解析】考查细节理解。由文中的第一句＂The Athletic Department is looking for students to help assist staff during the Fall 2016, Winter 2016-17 and Spring 2017 semesters＂可知，工作从2016年秋天开始。所以C项正确。‎ ‎ B ‎ 【文章大意】青少年怎样才能为未来的成功打下基础呢?文中作者提供了一些建议。‎ ‎1.C 【解析】根据本段的主题句＂Figure out your goals in life and work toward them＂以及上文中的＂thinking about careers＂可知，此处所填内容应是有关工作的，故C项符合语境。‎ ‎2.G 【解析】根据本段的主题句＂Don’t get into any trouble, legal or otherwise＂以及G项中的＂and avoid＂与空前句子中的＂Avoid＂的对应关系可知，G项符合语境。‎ ‎3.F 【解析】根据本段的主题句＂Have good friends to help you out＂可知，此处所填内容与朋友有关，故F项＂Friends are there to support you and lift your spirits＂(朋友会在那儿支持你并使你振奋起来)符合语境。‎ ‎4.A 【解析】根据该段中的＂Join a sports team at school or out of school ... Just exercise!＂ ＂actively involved in activities＂ ＂more active＂可知本段说的是要活跃起来这一方面的内容，故A项符合语境。‎ ‎5.E 【解析】根据空前的＂... Just exercise!＂及空后的内容可知，此处说的应是锻炼的好处，故E项符合语境。‎ II.完形填空 ‎【文章大意】本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己从事教育行业的经历。‎ ‎3.B 【解析】根据语境可知，作者在那个夏令营的工作经历(experiences)鼓励他主修特殊教育专业。下文中的＂ teaching experience＂亦是提示。‎ ‎4.D 【解析】参见上题解析。major in＂主修＂，符合语境。set up＂建立＂；take over＂接管＂；get through ‎　　＂完成，通过＂。‎ ‎5.A 【解析】根据上下文语境可知，被波士顿大学录取让作者对特殊教育这一专业更加热爱。admit＂准许加入，接收(入学)＂，符合语境。attach＂参加……有关联＂；move＂使变换，调动＂；recommend ‎　　＂推荐，介绍＂。‎ ‎6.B 【解析】参见上题解析。be enthusiastic about. . . 表示＂热衷于……＂。particular＂挑剔的＂；curious＂好奇的＂。本题有考生会误选A项，误选的原因是考生觉得anxious＂渴望的，急切的＂这一义项在该语境亦说得通，但却忽略了anxious作此义项讲时，其后应用介词for。与about连用时，anxious意为＂焦虑的，不安的，担心的＂。故A项错误。‎ ‎7.C 【解析】根据下文中的＂my path towards education started early. . . this past summer＂可知，虽然作者的教育之路很早就开始了，但直到刚过去的这个夏天作者才有了第一次正式教学的经历。Though＂虽然，尽管＂在句中引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎8.B 【解析】参见上题解析。formal＂正式的＂，符合语境。distinctive＂有特色的＂；normal＂正常的＂；independent＂独立的＂。‎ ‎9.C 【解析】根据下文中的＂especially those from kindergarten through second grade， I was very. . . ＂可知，因为作者很喜欢孩子，所以对担任幼儿教师这个职务，他应是感到满意的。because of＂因为＂，符合语境。by means of＂借助……手段，依靠……方法＂；in terms of＂就……而言，在……方面＂；regardless of＂不管，不顾＂。 ‎ ‎10.A 【解析】参见上题解析。satisfied＂满意的，满足的＂。‎ ‎11.D 【解析】根据下文中的＂nervous on my first day of teaching＂可知，作者第一天授课时感到非常(extremely)紧张。occasionally＂偶尔＂；accidentally＂意外地＂；casually＂随意地＂。‎ ‎14.A 【解析】根据上文中的＂My job was to teach them the alphabet， how to spell words， and simple math＂可知，作者上课教授的内容(content)并不难。‎ ‎15.B 【解析】根据语境可知，此处指但是提出可用六周的教学计划是作者从来没有尝试过的，即对作者来说是有难度的。a week’s， month’s， etc. worth of sth. 是固定用法，表示＂能用(一个星期、一个月等)的东西＂。‎ ‎16.A 【解析】参见上题解析。try＂尝试＂，符合语境。identify＂鉴别＂；acknowledge＂承认＂。‎ ‎17.B 【解析】起初，作者很难弄明白他每天应该做什么。figure out＂弄清楚，弄明白＂符合语境。put out＂熄灭，出版＂；come out＂开花＂；carry out＂执行＂。‎ ‎18.A 【解析】根据语境可知，但是随着时间的推移，教学过程(process)变得更简单了。‎ ‎19.C 【解析】这次教学经历让作者看到了几年后自己可能会做的事情。give sb. a view of. . . 表示＂使某人能够看到，使某人能够观赏到＂。‎ ‎20.D 【解析】由上文可知，作者喜欢从事老师这个职业，故他很高兴在教学这个领域中探索(explore)。preserve＂保存＂；evaluate＂评估＂；appreciate＂赞赏＂。‎ III.语法填空 ‎【文章大意】作者从小就有学习障碍。在学习艺术的过程中，作者找到了自信，并将此经验用于学习其他事情。最终作者取得了成功。‎ ‎1.an ‎【解析】考查冠词。from an early age是固定结构，表示＂从很小的时候＂，故加an。‎ ‎ 4.gradually ‎【解析】考查副词。该空修饰got，故应用副词形式gradually。‎ ‎5.as/though ‎【解析】考查连词。该空所在的主谓结构的表语disabled被提前至了句首，且该主谓结构意思上应表让步，故填连词as或though。‎ ‎6.myself ‎【解析】考查代词。该空是express的宾语，且与主语I指的是同一人，故用反身代词myself作宾语。‎ ‎7.learning ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。apply… to…表示＂将……应用到……中＂，其中to是介词，故动词learn应用-ing形式作宾语，填learning。‎ ‎8.practised/ practiced ‎【解析】考查时态。该空是主语I对应的谓语动词，且表示过去的动作，故用一般过去时practised/ practiced。‎ ‎9.Having gone ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。该空位于主句I’ve got to a point…之前，应用其非谓语形式作状语，且该动词与主语是主动，发生在谓动表示的动作之前，故用having gone。‎ ‎10.unknown ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。由句子结构可知，该空是is的表语；结合句意，此处应表示＂未知的＂，故应填unknown。‎ IV.书面表达 Dear Sir,‎ As for what I can offer to your company, firstly, I have very good English reading and editing abilities. Above all, I have a good nose for news. Meanwhile, I have outstanding communication skills. I am a good team leader, and I can get along well with others. I think my qualifications are suitable for what you require. So I am confident and I can handle it. I would appreciate it if you could allow me an interview.‎ Looking forward to your reply. Best wishes.‎ Your,‎ Li Hua