专题06+直击高考考点之情态动词和虚拟语气-备战2019年高考英语二轮复习语法点对点之直击高考考点

专题06+直击高考考点之情态动词和虚拟语气-备战2019年高考英语二轮复习语法点对点之直击高考考点

专题06 直击高考考点之情态动词和虚拟语气 ‎ ‎ 知识清单 情态动词 用 法 否定式 疑问式 简答式 can 能力（体力，智力，技能）‎ 允许或许可（口语中常用）‎ 可能性（表猜测，用于否定句或疑问句中）‎ can not / cannot /can’t do Can…do…?‎ Yes,…can.‎ No,…can’t.‎ could couldn’t do may 可以（问句中表示请求）‎ 可能，或许（表推测）‎ 祝愿（用于倒装句中）‎ may not do ‎ May…do…?‎ Yes,…may. ‎ No,…mustn’t/can’t.‎ might might not do Might…do…?‎ Yes,…might No,…might not.‎ must 必须，应该（表主观要求）‎ 肯定，想必（肯定句中表推测）‎ must not/mustn’t do Must…do…? to.‎ Yes,…must.‎ No,…needn’t/don’t have have to 只好，不得不（客观的必须，有时态和人称的变化）‎ don’t have to do Do…have to do…?‎ Yes,…do. ‎ No,…don’t.‎ ought to 应当（表示义务责任，口语中多用should）‎ ought not to/oughtn’t to do Ought…to do…?‎ Yes,…ought. ‎ No,…oughtn’t.‎ shall 用于一三人称征求对方意见 用于二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁等 shall not/shan’t do Shall…do…?‎ Yes,…shall. ‎ No,…shan’t.‎ should 应当，应该（表义务责任）‎ 本该（含有责备意味）‎ should not/shouldn’t do Should…do…?‎ will 意愿，决心 will not/won’t do Will/Would…do…?‎ Yes,…will. ‎ 请求，建议，用在问句中would比较委婉 No,…won’t.‎ would would not/wouldn’t do dare 敢（常用于否定句和疑问句中）‎ dare not/daren’t do Dare…do…?‎ Yes,…dare.‎ No,…daren’t.‎ need 需要,必须（常用于否定句和疑问句中）‎ need not/needn’t do Need…do…?‎ Yes,…must. No,…needn’t.‎ used to 过去常常（现在已不再）‎ used not/usedn’t/usen’t to do didn’t use to do Used…to do…?‎ Did…use to do…?‎ Yes,…used. ‎ No,…use(d)n’t. ‎ Yes,…did. ‎ No,…didn’t.‎ ‎ ‎ 表示“能力、许可”的can和may 表示能力的情态动词用can/could A computer_____think for itself; it must be told what to do.‎ A.can’t B.mustn’t C.may not D.might not 表示许可时用may/might ,can/could 都可以，但在问句中用could…?或might…？ 以使口气委婉客气，其回答一定要用can或may，以使回答口气明确（must表示一定，必须，mustn’t表示禁止，不许可）。‎ ‎①—Could I call you by your first name? —Yes, you______‎ A.will B.could C.may D.might ‎②Johnny, you_____play with the knife, you_____hurt yourself.‎ A.won’t/can’t B.mustn’t/may ‎ C.shouldn’t/must D.can’t/shouldn’t 在肯定句中could不可以用来表示过去某一特定场合的能力，而要用was/were able to。‎ The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone_____get out.‎ A.had to B.would C.could D.was able to 表示“推断、判断”的can may,must 在肯定句中都可以用来表示可能。在含义上must语气最肯定,may表示的是事实上的可能性。‎ Peter______come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.‎ A.must B.may C.can D.will 而can表示的是逻辑上的可能性：‎ Mary is in poor health. She can be ill at any times.‎ 在否定句中只能用can和may。所以can’t时用以代替mustn’t，语气比may更肯定。中文可以翻译为不可能。‎ Michael______be a policeman, for he’s much too short.‎ A.needn’t B.can’t C.should D.may 在疑问句只能用can，不能用may和must。‎ He may be very busy now. Can he be very busy now?‎ He must be very busy now. Can he be very busy now?‎ need need作为情态动词只有一种形式，只用于否定句和疑问句。‎ dare dare作为情态动词用时有两种形式：dare和dared两个词形，除了可以用于否定句和疑问句外，还可以用于条件从句或表示怀疑的句子中。‎ If he dare come,I will kick him out. I don’t know whether he dare say.‎ 注意:He doesn’t dare(to)answer the question.（否定句）‎ Does she dare(to)enter the dark room?（疑问句）‎ shall 用于第一人称：征求对方的意见。‎ What shall we do this evening?‎ 用于第二、三人称：警告、命令、允诺、威胁等。‎ You shall fail if you don’t work harder. 警告 He shall have the book when I finish reading.允诺 He shall be punished.威胁 should 劝告、建议、命令、应该做、道义上的责任。‎ You should(ought to) go to class right away. ‎ I should(ought to) help him because he is in trouble.‎ will/would 请求、建议，would比will委婉客气。‎ Would you pass me the book?‎ 表示意志、愿望和决心。‎ I will never do that again. ‎ They asked us if we would do that again would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。‎ During the vacation he would visit me every week The wound would not heal.（伤口老是不能愈合）‎ would表示估计或猜想。‎ It would be about ten when he left home. ‎ What would she be doing there?‎ 情态动词+have done的用法 could+have done：本可以做而实际上未能做。‎ You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best.‎ cannot+ have done：表示对现在或过去行为的否定推测。‎ He cannot have been to that town.‎ can+主语+ have done：表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定（用在疑问句中）。‎ Can he have got the book?‎ might(may)+ have done：对过去发生的行为不太肯定的推测。‎ He may not have finished the work.‎ If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived earlier.‎ must+ have done：对过去发生的行为肯定的推测。‎ 其否定式为：cannot have done。‎ You must have seen the film.‎ You cannot have seen the film.‎ needn’t+ have done：本来不必要做的而实际上又做了。‎ You needn’t have watered the flowers,for it is going to rain.‎ 注意：didn’t need to(have to)do：‎ 没有必要做而实际上也没有做 I didn’t need to clean the windows.My sister did it 2 hours ago.‎ should(ought to)+ have done：本来应该做而实际上又没有做。其否定形式表示某中行为不该发生却发生了。‎ You should have started earlier, but you didn’t.‎ She shouldn’t have taken away my measuring tape,‎ for I worked to use it.‎ 注意：He should have finished the work by now.（表推测）‎ ‎ ‎ III. 虚拟语气 类 别 用 法 例 句 If引导的 条件从句 与现在事实相反 从句动词：过去式（be用were）‎ 主句动词：should/would/could/might+do If he were here, he would help us.‎ 与过去事实相反 从句动词：had+done 主句动词：should/would/could/might+have+done If I had been free,I would have visited you.‎ 与将来事实相反 从句动词：过去式/should+动词原形/were+to do 主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.‎ 省略if的虚拟条件句 将虚拟条件从句中的were，had,should放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装 ‎①Should he come ,tell him to ring me up.‎ ‎②Were I you,I would not do it.‎ ‎③Had I been free,I would have visited you.‎ 混合虚拟条件句 不同时间的虚拟：各遵守各的规则 ‎①If he had listened to me, he would not be in trouble now.‎ ‎②If he had told me yesterday,I should know what to do now.‎ ‎③If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday party.‎ 虚拟与陈述的混合：各遵守各的规则 ‎①He could have passed the exam,but he wasn’t careful enough. ‎ ‎②You should have come earlier.The bus left a moment ago.‎ 含蓄虚拟 条件句 but for+名词表示虚拟条件 句子或主句中的谓语动词的形式视具体情况而定。这是考查考生应变能力的最佳试题。‎ ‎---But for your timely warning,we ______ into great trouble.‎ ‎---You know we’re friends.‎ A. would get B. must have got ‎ C. would have got D. can’t have got without+名词表示虚拟条件 Without the air to hold some of the sun's heat, the earth at night would be freezing cold.‎ 动词不定式表示虚拟条件 It would be only partly right to follow in this way. 如果用这种方式，仅仅对了一半。‎ 现在分词表示虚拟条件 Having known in time ,we might have prevented the accident.要是及时得知的话，我们也许能阻止这场事故。‎ 过去分词表示虚拟条件 Given more attention, the tree could have grown better. 如果多留心的话，这树本来可以长的更好。‎ 副词otherwise表示虚拟条件 I was too busy at that time.Otherwise,I would have called you.我当时太忙，否则我就给你打电话了。‎ 连词but连接的句子表示虚拟条件 He _____fatter but he eats too little .‎ A. would become B. would have become ‎ C. must become D. must have become ‎ 其它 状语从句 as if/as though引导的状语从句中动词用did或had＋done或would／could／might＋do。‎ 注意：as if/as though引导的状语从句中也可以用陈述语气：‎ 当说话者认为所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时：‎ It sounds as if it is raining．听起来像是在下雨。 He talks as if he is drunk．从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。‎ ‎①与现在事实相反 He talks as if he knew where she was．‎ ‎②与过去事实相反 He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.‎ ‎③与将来事实相反 He opened his mouth as if he would say something.‎ in order that/so that引导的状语从句中动词用can/could/may/ might/ would等+do Turn on the light so that we can see it clearly.‎ 宾语从句 demand, suggest, order, insist后接的从句中动词为should+do He suggested that we not change our mind.‎ wish后的从句中分别用过去式，过去完成式和should/would+do表示与现在，过去和将来情况相反 I wish I could be a pop singer.‎ I wish I would have gone to Shanghai last month.‎ 主语从句 在It is necessary / important / strange that…‎ It is suggested / demanded/ ordered / requested that…等从句中，‎ 谓语动词用should+do It is strange that such a person should be our friends.‎ 其它 句型中 It is time that…句型中动词用过去式或should+do It’s high time that we left/should leave.‎ would rather所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式 I would rather you stayed at home now.‎ If only句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式，表示强烈的愿望 If only our dream had come true!‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 情态动词高考考点直击 ‎1.can，be able to 和could ‎(1)can和be able to都表示能力，意思上没多大区别。但can只有现在和过去时，而be able to则有更多的形式。但当成功地完成某一具体动作时，通常不用could而用was/were able to来表示。这时was/were able to 相当于managed to，表示经过一番努力，终于能够完成某事。‎ Her mother can speak French.‎ The wounded man was still able to get to the village and was saved by the villagers in the end.‎ ‎(2)表示猜测“可能”，一般用于疑问句和否定句。‎ ‎—Can the news be true？‎ ‎—It can’t be true.‎ Someone is knocking at the door.Who could it be？‎ ‎(3)can可以表示理论上的可能性，指常有的行为或情形，意为“有时会……”。‎ Anybody can make mistakes.‎ ‎(4)表示请求、允许(表请求时，口语中常用could代替can使语气更委婉，回答时用can)。 Can I go now？‎ ‎—Could I come to see you tomorrow？‎ ‎—Yes，you can.(否定答语可用No，I’m afraid not.)‎ ‎(5)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)。‎ How can that be true？I can’t believe my eyes and ears.‎ How could you be so careless？！‎ ‎(6)can的特殊用法。‎ can but只有；can’t but不得不；can’t...too再怎样也不为过，越……越好 I can but wait.‎ I can’t but wait.‎ You can’t be too patient to the customers.‎ 题组训练1‎ 用can，could，be able to的适当形式填空 ‎1.Though the building was on fire，they go out safely.‎ ‎2.It be the postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock.‎ ‎3.—How’s your new babysitter？‎ ‎—We not ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.‎ ‎4.The police still haven’t found the lost child，but they’re doing all they .‎ ‎5.You be too careful when driving.‎ ‎【答案】1.were able to 2.can’t 3.could 4.can 5.can’t ‎ ‎ ‎2.may和might的用法 ‎(1)表示允许、请求，might比may的语言更委婉一些。‎ ‎—May I watch TV now？‎ ‎—Yes，you may.(Yes，please.)‎ ‎—No，you mustn’t.(No，you’d better not.)‎ ‎(2)表示可能性时，might比may的可能性小，may表示的可能性比can小(主要用于陈述句、肯定或否定句，疑问句用can代替)。‎ The story may not be true.‎ ‎(3)表示祝愿(不用might)‎ May you succeed！‎ ‎(4)may/might as well最好还是……，不妨 You might as well do it now.‎ ‎(5)may/might well很可能 He may well be late for class.‎ 题组训练2‎ 用may，might的适当形式填空 ‎1.—I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him？‎ ‎—Don’t worry. He not come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were.‎ ‎2.—I left my handbag on the train，but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.‎ ‎—How unbelievable to get it back！ I mean，someone have stolen it.‎ ‎3.As a student，you as well make good use of your time.‎ ‎4.You go to school either by bike or by bus.‎ ‎5. she rest in peace.‎ ‎【答案】1.might/may 2.might 3.might/may 4.may 5.May ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.must，have to和ought to的用法 ‎(1)must表示“必须，应该，一定要”。强调主观看法，只有现在时形式，否定式是must not(mustn’t)。must开头的问句，其否定回答要用needn’t或don’t have to代替。‎ ‎(2)must表示必然的结果。‎ All men must die.‎ ‎(3)must还可表示主语固执、偏要做他人不希望做的事。‎ It can’t help；he must do that.‎ ‎(4)have to着重客观需要，能用于更多时态(过去时或将来时)。‎ He will have to be there before ten.‎ ‎(5)ought to表示义务和责任，“应该”，比should语气要强。‎ You ought to take care of yourself.‎ ‎4.need和dare的用法 ‎(1)need表示“需要，必要”，只能用于否定句和疑问句。在肯定句中，常用must和have to代替。‎ ‎(2)dare表示“敢”，通常用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。‎ Dare you go home alone at eleven in the evening？‎ ‎(3)need和dare的特殊用法 ‎①need表“需要”时，可用want，require代替。‎ The desk needs to be repaired./The desk needs repairing.‎ ‎②dare作实义动词时，在肯定句中要接to，在疑问句和否定句中to可省去。‎ He dares to catch a snake.‎ I do not dare (to) complain.‎ Do you dare (to) swim in the river？‎ 题组训练3‎ 同义句改写 ‎1.He daren’t go out at night.‎ He go out at night.‎ ‎2.The flowers need watering.‎ The flowers need .‎ ‎【答案】1.doesn’t dare to 2.to be watered ‎ ‎ ‎5.will和would的用法 ‎(1)will ‎①表示请求、建议，常用于第二人称。‎ Will you please go with me？‎ ‎②表示意愿、决定、允许。‎ I will never do that again.‎ ‎③表示习惯性动作或某种倾向，“总是，惯于”，通常用于第三人称。‎ Rosa will always be late for school.‎ ‎(2)would ‎①表示请求、建议，比will委婉，指现在时间，多用于第二人称。‎ Would you like a cup of tea？‎ ‎②表示过去习惯性动作或某种倾向。‎ We would play badminton on Sundays.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6.shall和should的用法 ‎(1)shall 用于第一、三人称，在问句中表示征求对方意见或请求。‎ Shall I come in？‎ 用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示命令或威胁。‎ You shall do as your father says.‎ ‎(2)should ‎①表示责任、义务，意为“应该”。‎ ‎②表示惊讶语气，意为“竟然”。‎ You should wear slippers in class.‎ ‎③用于条件句，表示“假如，万一”，省去if，should可提至句首。‎ Should you be late，apologize to the teacher.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎7.情态动词表示推测或判断的用法 下表即是表示推测的情态动词使用的场合：‎ 情态动词 对现在和未来的推测 对过去的推测 使用场合 must must＋do must have done 肯定句 may/might may/might＋do may/might have done 肯定句、否定句 can/could can/could do can/could have done 否定句、疑问句(could可用于肯定句)‎ should 用来表示一种估计的情况“按理会/估计会”should do should have done 肯定句、否定句、疑问句 情态动词＋have done的用法 ‎(1)should have done表示“本来应该做某事而实际上未做”，而shouldn’t have done则表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”。‎ You should have told me about it earlier.‎ You shouldn’t have said such words to your parents.‎ ‎(2)ought to have done也表示“本应该……”，而ought not to have done则意为“本不应该……”。‎ You ought to have told me about it earlier.‎ You ought not to have said such words to your parents.‎ ‎(3)needn’t have done表示“本无必要做某事而实际上做了”。‎ You needn’t have walked so quickly since time was enough.‎ ‎(4)could have done表示“本来有可能……而事实上未做到”。‎ I could have come on time，but my car broke down on the way.‎ ‎(5)may/might have done表示“过去可能发生过某事”或“本来应该或可以做某事(实际上没做)”。‎ You might have given him more help， but you were so busy.‎ 题组训练4‎ ‎1.I (我本来可以帮助你的)，but I was too busy then.‎ ‎2.It’s Sunday. He (不可能上学去了).‎ ‎3.You know the story very well. You (可能读过) before.‎ ‎4.You (一定是睡得很晚) last night. Your eyes are red.‎ ‎5.I (本应该做作业) last night，but I went to the cinema.‎ ‎【答案】1.could have helped you 2.can’t have gone to school 3.may/might have read it .must have gone to bed late 4.should/ought to have done my homework ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 虚拟语气高考考点直击 ‎ 1.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 ‎(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词用were)，而主句中的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。‎ If I were you，I would buy that house.‎ If he had time，he should go with you.‎ ‎(2)表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/might/could＋have＋过去分词”。‎ If he had taken my advice，he would have succeeded in passing the examination.‎ ‎(3)表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时或“should/were to＋动词原形”，而主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/could/might＋动词原形”。‎ If it were to rain tomorrow，the football match would be put off.‎ ‎(4)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。‎ If they had worked hard，they would be very tired now.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)‎ 题组训练5‎ 用所给动词的适当形式填空 ‎1.Maybe if I (study) science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.‎ ‎2.If I (have) time next week，I would go to the party.‎ ‎3.If I (be) you，I should go and see the dentist at once.‎ ‎4.If you had arrived at the station ten minutes earlier，you (catch) the train.‎ ‎5.If he were you， he (miss) the concert last night.‎ ‎【答案】1.had studied 2.had/should have/were to have 3.were 4. could/should/would/might have caught ‎5. wouldn’t have missed ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.虚拟语气用于名词性从句 ‎(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。‎ ‎①“wish＋宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could＋动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”或“could/should＋have＋过去分词”。‎ I wish it were spring all the year round.‎ I wish I had known the answer.‎ I wish I could fly like a bird.‎ ‎②在表示建议、要求、命令等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ 常见的动词有：suggest，advise，propose，demand，require，insist，request，command，order等。‎ She suggested we (should) leave here at once.‎ The doctor ordered she should be operated.‎ ‎(2)虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。‎ 表示建议、要求、命令等的名词，如advice，idea，order，demand，plan，proposal，suggestion，request等，其后的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词用“(should)＋ 动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ His suggestion that we (should) go to Shanghai is wonderful.‎ My idea is that they (should) pay 100 dollars.‎ ‎(3)虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。‎ 在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“(should＋)动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。‎ It is necessary (important，natural，strange，etc.)that we (should) clean the room every day.‎ It was a pity (a shame，no wonder，etc.)that you (should) be so careless.‎ It will be desired (suggested，decided，ordered，requested，proposed，etc.)that she (should) finish her homework this afternoon.‎ 注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气；反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。‎ It is a pity that you can’t swim.‎ 题组训练6‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1.—Where are the children？The dinner’s going to be completely ruined.‎ ‎—I wish they (be，not) always late.‎ ‎2.It is requested that Class Two (give) a performance at the English evening.‎ ‎3.He insisted that a deadline (set) for completing the task.‎ ‎4.My suggestion is that we (go) without delay.‎ ‎5.The doctor has given advice that the patient (give up) smoking.‎ ‎【答案】1.weren’t 2.(should) give 3. (should) be set 4. (should) go 5. (should) give up ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.虚拟语气在其他场合的运用 ‎(1)虚拟语气在as if/as though，even if/even though等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。‎ He did it as if he were an expert.‎ Even if she were here，she could not solve the problem.‎ ‎(2)虚拟语气用于定语从句中。‎ 这种从句常用于句型“It is (high)time (that)...”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或“should＋动词原形”，意思是“(现在)该……”。‎ It’s time that I picked up my daughter.‎ It’s high time we were going.‎ ‎(3)虚拟语气用在if only引导的感叹句中。‎ If only I were a pilot.‎ If only I had taken his advice.‎ ‎(4)虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。‎ ‎①情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中。‎ It would be better for you not to stay up too late.‎ Would you be kind enough to close the door？‎ ‎②用于一些习惯表达法中。‎ Would you like a cup of tea？‎ I would rather not tell you. ‎ ‎ ‎ 高考考点过关检测 一．语法选择和填空 ‎1. （2018•北京）In today's information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company. ‎ A.need B.should C.can D.must ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎2.（2018•天津）I can't find my purse. I___________ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure. ‎ A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left ‎ 【答案】D ‎ ‎ 【解析】 句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+ have done，再根据后句but I'm not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故选D。 3.（2018•江苏）There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become more involved. ‎ A. had B. will have C. would have had D. have had ‎ 【答案】A ‎ ‎ 【解析】 句意：这个村子里有很好的社交生活，我希望再有机会更好地融入到这里。wish后跟宾语从句要用虚拟语气，其规则是：与现在事实相反，用一般过去时，be动词用were；与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；与将来事实相反，用would/could+动词原形。根据前半句的is可知表示与现在事实相反，所以用过去式，故答案为A。‎ 4． ‎—Mum，can I go on a holiday with my classmates this summer vacation? —OK.You ____________ have a chance if you get along well with your studies. ‎ ‎【答案】shall ‎【解析】句意：——妈妈，这个暑假我能和同学去度假吗？——好的。如果你学习进步的话，你会有这样的机会的。shall用于第二人称时表示允诺，故填shall。‎ ‎5．—Who it ____________ be that left the door unlocked? —It might be Mike.He is always forgetting things.‎ ‎【答案】can/could ‎【解析】句意：——有可能是谁没锁门呢？——也许是迈克，他总忘事。在疑问句中只能用can或could 表示推测。‎ ‎6．(四川石室中学一诊改编)—Where’s Lily，Lucy? I can’t find her anywhere.‎ ‎—She ____________ have been off long.I saw her clean the window just now. ‎ ‎【答案】can’t ‎ ‎ ‎7．(北京海淀区期中考试改编)—Where’s Amy?‎ ‎—I’m not sure.She ____________ be in the laboratory.‎ ‎【答案】might/may ‎【解析】句意：——艾米在哪儿？——我不确定。她可能在实验室里。根据I’m not sure判断出说话人不确定，故填might/may表示“可能”。‎ ‎8．(福建莆田八中月考改编)If you will stay here longer，you may.But you ____________ leave before this weekend.‎ ‎【答案】must ‎【解析】句意：如果你愿意在这儿待得久一点，是可以的。但是你必须在这个周末前离开。根据but 表转折可知，第二句强调说话人主观上认为对方“必须”做某事，即要求对方必须在周末前离开，故填must。‎ ‎9．(高考上海卷改编)—Sorry，Professor Smith.I didn’t finish the assignment yesterday.‎ ‎—Oh，you ____________(do) it as yesterday was the deadline.‎ ‎【答案】should have done ‎【解析】根据答语句意：哦，你本该做完的，因为昨天是最后期限。此处用should have done表示“本应该做某事而实际上未做”。‎ ‎10．(安徽铜陵五中检测改编)—She looks very happy.She ____________(pass) the exam.‎ ‎—I guess so.It’s not difficult after all.‎ ‎ 【答案】must have passed ‎【解析】句意：——她看起来很高兴，她一定通过了考试。——我想是的，毕竟考试不难。根据句意可知设空处表示对过去的十分肯定的推测，故填must，意为“一定”。‎ ‎11．(高考福建卷改编)—Sorry，Mum! I failed the job interview again. —Oh，it’s too bad.You ____________ have made full preparations.‎ ‎【答案】should ‎【解析】句意：“对不起，妈妈！我工作面试又失败了。”“哦，太糟糕了。你本应该做好充足的准备。” should have done本应该做某事(实际并未做)。根据句意可知should符合语境，故填should。‎ ‎12．(高考陕西卷改编)You ____________ feel all the training a waste of time，but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.‎ ‎【答案】may ‎ ‎ 13． ‎(高考四川卷改编)You ____________ be careful with the camera.It costs! ‎ ‎【答案】must ‎【解析】句意：你千万要当心这个相机。它价格不菲！从后面 It costs！可以推知说话者要求“你”对相机“千万要小心’，此处表示必须，因此要用must。‎ 二.语篇填空(用适当的情态动词填空)‎ Miss Fang couldn’t read for very long without getting a headache.Her mother told her that she 1.____________ go to the Health Service and see a doctor.“You should see a doctor as soon as possible，”she said.“You 2.____________ need glasses.”‎ When Miss Fang had free time，she went to the Health Service.The appointment clerk said that the doctor 3.____________ see her at 3：30.‎ Miss Fang replied that she would not be able to be there at 3：30 because she had a class then.“The doctor 4.____________ take you at about ten to four，” the appointment clerk suggested.‎ ‎“5.____________ I put you down for ten to four，or would you rather come tomorrow？”‎ Miss Fang thought she 6.____________ (not) waste any more time.The teacher 7.____________ be unhappy if she asked for permission to leave the class a little early，as he was always so kind to everyone.And she replied，“I think I 8.____________ make it at ten to four.”‎ Miss Fang went to the class.She asked her teacher，“9.____________ I leave at 3：45 today？I must have an eye examination.” As expected，the teacher said，“Yes，of course you 10.____________．”‎ ‎【答案】1.should 2.might 3.could 4.might 5.Shall 6.shouldn’t 7.shouldn’t 8.can 9.May/Can 10.can ‎【解析】本题主要考查情态动词的考点 ‎ 三.语法填空 ‎(2017·山东莱州一中质检)‎ A When someone has 1 (deep) hurt you，it can be very difficult to let go of your anger.But forgiveness is possible and it can be surprisingly 2 (benefit) to your physical，and mental health.So far，research 3 (show) that people who forgive can have more energy，better appetite and better sleep.“People who forgive show 4 (little) anger and more hopefulness，”says Dr Frederic Luskin，who wrote the book Forgive for Good.“So it can help reduce the tiredness out of the immune system and allow people 5 (feel) more energetic.”‎ So when someone has hurt you，cool down first.Take a couple of breaths and think of something， 6 gives you pleasure：a beautiful scene in nature，or someone you love.Don’t wait for an 7 (apologize).“Many times the person who hurt you may never think of apologizing，” says Dr Luskin.“They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things in 8 same way.So if you wait for people to say sorry，you could be waiting a very long time.”‎ Next keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean 9 (accept) the action of the person who upsets you.Instead，learn to look for the love，beauty and kindness around ‎ you.Finally，try to see things from the other person’s perspective.You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance.To gain perspective，you may want to write a letter to 10 (you) from that person’s point of view.‎ 语篇解读 本文主要讲述了受到别人的伤害后应该怎么做的问题。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.【答案】 less ‎【解析】 考查比较级。and连接两个并列成分，后面用的比较级，所以此处也要用比较级，故填less。‎ 高中英语试卷、习题、教案精品资料 ‎5.【答案】 to feel ‎【解析】 考查固定搭配。固定词组：allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事，故填to feel。 ‎ ‎6.【答案】 which ‎【解析】 考查引导词。前面物作先行词，先行词在从句中作主语，后面用which引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。 ‎ ‎7.【答案】 apology ‎ ‎ ‎10.【答案】 yourself ‎【解析】 考查代词。由句意可知此处用反身代词，故填yourself。‎ B ‎(2016·泰安检测) During national holidays, famous landmarks and tourist ____1. ___(attract) in China are usually very crowded. For example, places in Beijing such as the Forbidden City often ‎ ___2._____ (become) overrun with tourists, so people can hardly enjoy themselves. Because of this, some tourists might get 3. bad impression of these places.‎ In order to deal ___4.____ this situation, it could be best for people ____5.___ (lower) their expectations of a perfect visit—it can’t be avoided that there will be a lot of tourists ___6. ____you visit somewhere world-famous. This problem can ____7.____(solve) if people visit different places. In addition, it’s ____8._____ (possibility) that we avoid this overcrowding by ___9.____ (choose) to visit famous places during the year’s off season. You could also visit ____10.____ (equal) interesting but less known places instead. ‎ ‎【文章大意】 这是一篇有关节假日出游的短文。‎ ‎ 1．【答案】attractions 【解析】考查词性转换。 tourist attraction“旅游胜地”为常用搭配， 又因attraction为可数名词， 故用attractions。 ‎ ‎2．【答案】become 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。 此处主语是“places” , 而不是“the Forbidden City” , 故谓语动词需用复数； 再结合本文的基本时态为一般现在时可知， 此处应用一般现在时， 故填become。‎ ‎3．【答案】a 【解析】考查冠词。 此处表泛指， 指“有一个坏的印象” , 故用a。 ‎ ‎4．【答案】with 【解析】考查介词。 deal with“处理” , 是固定搭配。‎ ‎5．【答案】to lower 【解析】考查非谓语动词。 此处是it is ＋adj. ＋for sb. to do sth. 句型， 其中it是形式主语， 后面的动词不定式才是真正的主语。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎9．【答案】choosing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。 介词后需要用名词、 代词或动名词， 故此处应用choosing, 表示“在一年中的旅游淡季选择参观著名的地方” 。‎ ‎10．【答案】equally 【解析】考查词性转换。 此处需要用副词修饰形容词， 故应用equally。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎