四川泸县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮基础练习

四川泸县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮基础练习

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 四川泸县 2017 高考英语阅读理解一轮基础练习 【2016 高考训练】阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 (由 2014·湖北卷改编) You've flown halfway around the world；you've sniffed out this place that nobody in Falongland or Thailand seems to have ever heard of；so what on earth is there to do here？You consider this question as you sink into an old wooden beach chair that holds you above the sand. It was a long journey from Bangkok to Huaplee.By the time you found the bus station and got yourself sorted out，it took almost as long as the flight from Falongland. Huaplee is located just south of Hua Hin，about two hundred kilometres from Bangkok，down the west side of the Gulf of Thailand. Not many tourists find this place，and the ones that do wonder if finding it has been their purpose all along. There's an apparent laziness that surrounds you here.It's what this place offers，and it's free of charge.The small waves that tap the shoreline seem to slow everything down.You settle into your beach chair in preparation for a long rest.You sit there and watch the sea. It's early afternoon，so the cook comes out and asks what you'd like to eat this evening.Before long he's rushed off to the market to buy the ingredients for whatever it was that you ordered －every meal fresh and to order.No menu here. There is no poolside noise here but just that wonderfully warm，clear blue sea.There's no street noise.The only sounds are the murmurs of nature. For now you just count your blessings (福祉)，listing them in the sand with your toe (脚趾)．You don't have to worry about being late for work. You don't have to do anything. The beach to your right stretches off to the horizon (地平线)，slowly narrowing to nothingness only to reemerge again on your left，now steadily widening until it covers the chair beneath you.Sand to your left and sand to your right; it's unbroken，endless.No start，no end，just sand，sun， and peace.Step off it，and you reenter the world of traffic，stress，work，and hurry. Normally you're the type who can't sit still for more than ten minutes，but you're on Huaplee Lazy Beach now and，in the right frame of mind，it stretches all the way around the world. “How could it take me so long to find it？” you wonder. 1．When the author first went to Huaplee Beach，________. A．he found it unworthwhile B．he failed to sort himself out C．he became sensitive to smell D．he had difficulty in finding it 2．What is special about the food service at Huaplee Beach? A．No menu. B．Free food. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 C．Self service. D．Quick delivery. 3．In the author's opinion，a tourist can enjoy Huaplee Beach most when he ________. A．sits in a beach chair B．forgets his daily routine C．plans a detailed schedule D．draws pictures in the sand 4．What does the author imply by his question at the end of the passage? A．He shouldn't have counted his blessings. B．He should have understood the wonder of nature. C．He shouldn't have spent so much time on the trip. D．He should have come to the place earlier. 答案： 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇旅游杂记，介绍了泰国一个静谧的海滩，描述了这里的环境给人的慵懒的感觉。 在这里，你可以忘掉职场上的疲惫和匆忙，也可以真正地无所事事。宁静的气息让你不禁感叹应该早点儿 来这个地方。 1．D 解析：推理判断题。作者没有直接说自己第一次来这里的情况或感受，但他提到了找到这个地方是 多么不容易：have flown halfway around the world；a long journey from Bangkok to Huaplee；it took almost as long as the flight from Falongland，因此选 D。 2．A 解析：细节理解题。第五段中的 Before long he's rushed off to the market to buy the ingredients for whatever it was that you ordered－every meal fresh and to order.No menu here.意为“不管你 点什么菜，不久他就会急忙去市场买原料——每餐都是新鲜的、定做的。没有菜单”。由此可知 A 项“没 有菜单”正确，而非“饭菜免费”“自助”或“送餐快速”。 3．B 解析：推理判断题。第七段说，现在你只需想想你有多幸福，用你的脚趾在沙滩上把你的幸福列出 来；不用担心上班迟到，什么都不用干。这与 B 项的描述是一致的：忘掉他的日常安排。 4．D 解析：推理判断题。“我怎么花了这么长时间才找到它呢？”是文章结尾的问题。显然，作者暗示 的不是“本不应该想着自己的幸福”“本该了解大自然的神奇”或者“本不该在途中花这么多的时间”， 而是 D 项“本该早点儿来这个地方”。 科普知识（阅读理解）由 (2012 安徽“江南十校”高三仿真卷一)改编 Airtight plastic bags can help farmers protect their harvests without the use of harmful chemicals.These bags are designed to keep air out of crops in storage.They are a simple way to fight insects and keep food fresh. Ten countries in West and Central Africa are involved in a project to improve the storage of cowpeas,also known as black-eyed peas.Farmers can lose much of the harvest to insects called bruchids.These grow from egg to adult in a few weeks and then lay forty to sixty more eggs.They 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 can destroy the whole harvest within months. Farmers can sell their crop immediately.But selling at harvest time means more competition and lower prices.Or they can use pesticides (杀虫剂) to kill the bugs.But crop scientist Dieudonne Baributsa says,“They end up misusing or overusing the pesticide.In Nigeria,they have reported a lot of cases of death.They usually call it in Nigeria ‘killer bean’.” Mr.Baributsa is a researcher at Purdue University in the American state of Indiana.The project is called PICS,for Purdue Improved Cowpea Storage.He says the storage bags are thick enough that any insects already in the cowpeas will die from lack of oxygen.The lack of air will also help prevent the growth of bacteria that can ruin the harvest.The bags cost about two dollars each.Mr.Baributsa says that is not much,especially if it means farmers can wait long enough to get a better price for their crop.The bags are produced locally.Donors currently support the project,but the groups involved are working to build a lasting market for the bags because donor support for the project will not last forever. A company based in the United States called GrainPro makes another kind of airtight bag.These are called SuperGrainbags.Phil Villers,the company’s president,says safely storing a harvest not only earns more money for farmers,it also reduces the amount of food lost to insects,spoilage and mishandling.“What does not get wasted and eaten means it is available to feed a hungry world,”said Phil Villers. 1.What’s the best title for this passage?( ) A.Simple Bags Save the Harvest B.Plastic Bags: the Enemy of Insects C.Good News for Hungry World D.Pesticides Threaten Food Safety 2.It can be inferred that bruchids . A.steal the stored crop for the future B.breed slowly in the stored harvest C.survive in airtight plastic bags D.multiply while the crop is in storage 3.How does “killer bean” come out? ( ) A.The pesticide causes many deaths of bugs. B.People eat beans that are infected by bugs. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 C.Farmers use chemicals to kill bugs improperly. D.Bugs ruin beans within a short time. 4.Which statement of the following is NOT true? ( ) A.Insects in the bags will soon use up the air and then die. B.The airtight plastic bags currently sold at the market do not last long. C.The project provides the farmers with the bags for free at present. D.What farmers can earn from the use of the bag is far more than they have to pay. 语篇解读:虫害一直是农民的心头大患,这不仅危害农作物的生长,还浪费了许多粮食。最新的农业科技 给人们带来了福音,那就是用密封袋来保护农作物以远离虫害。 答案及剖析:1.A 主旨大意题。由第一段(主题段)及全文内容可知,一种密封塑料袋在不使用任何化学 药品的前提下,能够保护农民的收成不受虫害影响。故 Simple Bags Save the Harvest 最能概括全文的中 心。 2.D 推理判断题。由第二段的第二、三、四句内容可知,bruchids 是一种在粮食储藏过程中繁殖很快 的昆虫,它们能够在几个星期内长成成虫,产下 40 到 60 个甚至更多的虫卵。D 项中 multiply 有“增加;繁 殖”之意。 3.C 细节理解题。由第三段的内容可知,农民们使用杀虫剂来杀虫,由于他们错用或过量使用,使粮食 遭到污染,从而造成食用者死亡,故“杀手豆”来源于农民不正当地使用杀虫剂。 4.B 细节理解题。由倒数第二段的最后一句话...donor support for the project will not last forever 可知,持续不长的是赞助商的支持,而不是塑料袋,故选 B 项。由倒数第二段...insects already in the cowpeas will die from lack of oxygen...可排除 A 项; 由倒数第二段的 Donors currently support the project...可知,目前密封塑料袋是免费由赞助商提供,故排除 C 项;由倒数第二段的 The bags cost about two dollars each....get a better price for their crop 可排除 D 项。 【疑难词汇解读】 1.storage n.储存;仓库 The collection has been in storage for decades. 这些收藏品已保管了几十年。 2.mishandle v.处理不当;错误地处理 Mishandling the problem has caused great trouble. 对这个问题处理不当已经引起了很大的麻烦。 【长难句子分析】 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 他说这种密封袋非常厚,任何已经进入牛豆中的虫子都会因缺少氧气而死亡。 2016 高考英语阅读理解（社会生活、说理议论）【2016·天津】C When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier. These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society,” said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理 学家) who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.” Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems. The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Working----at any age----is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence---the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.” 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 46. What do we know about John? A. He enjoyed his career and marriage. B. He had few childhood playmates. C. He received little love from his family. D. He was envied by others in his childhood. 47. Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 serve as _____. A. a description of personal values and social values B. an analysis of how work was related to competence C. an example for parents’ expectations of their children D. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men 48. Vaillant’s team obtained their findings by _____. A. recording the boys’ effort in school B. evaluating the men’s mental health C. comparing different sets of scores D. measuring the men’s problem solving ability 49. What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A. Quick to react B. Having a thin edge C. Clear and definite D. sudden and rapid 50. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. competent adults know more about love than work. B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life. C. Love brings more joy to people than work does. D. Independence is the key to one’s success. 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章通过 John 的例子结合一个研究发现说明童年时期帮助做一些家务的孩子 长大后会更快乐，更成功。 46.【答案】A 考点：考查细节理解。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 47.【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：根据第二段的句子 Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，可知，第二段 Vaillant 的话是解释为什么一些男孩成长 为快乐的人。故选 D。 考点：考查推理判断。 48.【答案】C 考点：考查细节理解。 49.【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：根据第四段的句子 The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp（这些人在孩子的时候做的事情和他们成人后是怎样的人之间的关联是 令人惊讶地明显），结合下面一句进一步可知，这里 sharp 的意思是“明确的，一定的”。故选 C。 考点：考查词义猜测。 50.【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：根据最后一段的句子 One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how too love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work，可知，情感健康对于好的 成年人生活是基本的。故选 B。 考点：考查推理判断。 【名师点睛】这篇文章内容和学生自己的生活密切相关，而且是通过调查研究的方式给出，更加有说服力， 虽然是考试题，学生应该有兴趣阅读，文章篇幅适中。考查比较全面，除了理解细节题，还需要适当的推理， 还有词义辨析类的题目，对学生能力考查比较全面。 做词义辨析类的题目，要仔细阅读这个词所在的前后的句子，发现有没有关联的同义词，反义词或是这个词 的定义，分析这篇阅读的 49 题，要求判断 sharp 的含义，这个词不是陌生的单词，高中教材上出现过， 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8