【英语】2019-2020学年二轮复习英语新考势突破检测：11名词性从句作业

【英语】2019-2020学年二轮复习英语新考势突破检测：11名词性从句作业

课时作业11　名词性从句 ‎(建议用时　40分钟)‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain，but it was probably around 1565.‎ ‎2．________ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.‎ ‎3．Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.‎ ‎4．It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.‎ ‎5．The fact ________China finally won the games made all of us excited.‎ ‎6．The question was brought to life again ________ a person has the right to end his or her own life and a doctor has the right to assist.‎ ‎7．Most importantly, you should always hold the belief ________ you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.‎ ‎8．I made a promise to myself ________ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.‎ ‎9．The art centre is ________ used to be a factory, ________ millions of tractors were made.‎ ‎10．From space, the earth looks blue.This is ________ about seventy ‎one percent of its surface is covered by water.‎ 答案与解析 ‎1．when　句意：土豆被引进欧洲的确切时间还不确定，大概是在1565年左右。主语从句中缺少状语， 再根据后半句but it was probably around 1565 可知，应填入表示时间的when。 ‎ ‎2．How　句意：我们怎样理解事物与我们的认知有很大关系。本题考查主语从句。分析句意和句子成分可知，应填How，在从句中作方式状语，符合语境。‎ ‎3．whoever　句意：每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。 ‎ ‎4．that　句意：对于那些总是不放弃希望的人来说，发生任何事情都是有可能的，这是很常见的。考査主语从句。It为形式主语，“anything is possible for those who hang on to hope” 为真正的主语；该从句不缺成分，意思完整，故由that引导。 ‎ ‎5．that　句意：中国最终在比赛中获胜的事实，让我们所有人很兴奋，that后的句子作fact的同位语，不作成分，只起连接作用。‎ ‎6．whether　句意：一个人是否有权利结朿自己的生命以及医生是否有权利协助自杀，这个问题又一次被提了出来。从句是对question内容的解释说明，且从句完整，是同位语从句。需要“是否”的含义，故whether是正确答案。 ‎ ‎7．that　句意：最重要的是，你应该总是持有这种信念，‎ 只要你一直坚持你的方向就一定会成功。设空处引导的是同位语从句．该从句不缺内容，结构完整，应该用that引导。 ‎ ‎8．that　句意：我对自己许下了一个诺言，那就是今年，也就是我上高中的第一年，将会是不同的一年。此处的从句说明promise的内容．从句中不缺少成分，意思完整，所以用that引导。‎ ‎9．what; where　第一空用what引导表语从句，在从句中作主语；第二空where引导非限制性定语从句修饰factory，相当于in which。 ‎ ‎10．because　句意：从太空中看，地球看起来是蓝色的这是因为地球表面大约有71%是被水覆盖的。根据语境可知此处用because引导表语从句。‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．I often imagine how my life will be like in ten years.________ ‎ ‎2．Second, they hope to be economically independent and buy that they need.________ ‎ ‎3．He went out, offered her some water and then asked her how was wrong.________ ‎ ‎4．It struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.________‎ ‎5．That surprised me most was that Mary spoke Chinese just like a native speaker. ________ ‎ ‎6．What is just beyond my imagination is fortune should bless me with a chance to realize my dream.________‎ ‎7．The last time we had great fun was that we were visiting the Jinan ‎ Baihua Park.________ ‎ ‎8．From his lesson, we came to a conclusion what it is not so difficult to learn English if we find a good way.________ ‎ ‎9．Finally I want to express my hope which all the young fellows can make full use of time, because time and tide wait for no man.________ ‎ ‎10．The fact what some countries are still suffering from poverty is really a great problem to the world.________ ‎ 答案与解析 ‎1．how→ what　考查宾语从句。句意：我常常想象十年后我的生活会是什么样子。like在此处是介词，应该用what作宾语，且what引导的从句作imagine的宾语。 ‎ ‎2．that→ what　考查宾语从句。句意：其次，他们希望经济独立，能够买他们需要的东西，应用what引导从句作but的宾语，且what在从句中作need的宾语；而that引导名词性从句不担任句子成分，也没有词义。‎ ‎3．how→ what　考查宾语从句。句意：他走出去，给了她一些水， 然后问她出了什么事。what引导的从句作宾语，且what在从句中作主语。 ‎ ‎4．It→ What　考查主语从句。what在此处引导主语从句，作struck的主语。 ‎ ‎5．That→ What　考查主语从句。句意：最令我吃惊的是玛丽讲汉语就像当地人。此处是what引导的主语从句，‎ 从句中缺乏主语。what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，that引导主语从句，不作成分，无词义，仅起引导作用。故将That改为What。 ‎ ‎6．fortune前面加that　考查主语从句。句意：超出我想象的是，我竟然有幸拥有了一个实现梦想的机会。此处that引导表语从句，不能省略。‎ ‎7．that →when　考查表语从句。句意：上一次我们玩得很开心的时候是我们参观金安百花公园时。when引导表语从句，表示在什么时候。 ‎ ‎8．what →that　考查同位语从句。句意：我们从他的课上得出一个结论，如果能找到一个好方法，学习英语并没有那么困难。应用that引导同位语从句，解释名词conclusion的内容，注意that只起到连接句子的作用，既无词义也不作从句句子成分。 ‎ ‎9．which→that　考查同位语从句。句意：最后，我想表达我的愿望，希望所有的年轻人都能充分利用时间，因为岁月不饶人。此处that引导同位语从句，解释名词hope的内容。that引导同位语从句时，没有词义，不作句子成分，只起连接句子的作用，且不能省略。 ‎ ‎10．what→that　考查同位语从句。句意：一些国家仍然贫穷的事实真的是世界上的一个大问题。The fact后面跟的是同位语从句，用来具体说明the fact的内容。that引导同位语从句时，没有词义，不作句子成分，只起连接句子的作用，且不能省略。‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 ‎(2019年武汉第二中学高三五月全仿真模拟)‎ The Visitor Oyster Card A Visitor Oyster card is the cheapest way to pay for a single adult journey in London.It's a plastic smartcard.You can use it on the bus, tube, tram, DLR，London Overground and most National Rail services.It's much cheaper than buying individual tickets, in some cases costing 50% less than the price of a regular paper ticket.‎ How to get a Visitor Oyster card You can buy a Visitor Oyster card online.Your card will be delivered by post.The card costs ￡5 and you choose how much money you want to add to the card.This means you can start using the card the moment you arrive in Central London.‎ How does the Visitor Oyster card work?‎ The Oyster card works on a payasyougo system.You start by adding money to the card.Then you travel, the cost of the fare will automatically be deducted from your Visitor Oyster card.For example, if you add ￡20 to the card and make a tube journey of ￡2.30, you will have ￡17.70 left on the card.‎ A few more points：‎ ‎·A child under the age of 11 travels free when accompanied by an adult.‎ ‎·You'll save more money if you use the tube several times.The Visitor Oyster card is “capped (给……定上限)” at ￡6.80 per day.‎ ‎·You'll pay more during peak times.Peak fares apply from Monday to Friday (6：30 am—9：30 am; 4：00 pm —7：00 pm), except for public holidays.‎ ‎·Reuse the Oyster card by adding credit at a tube station, Oyster ticket shop or Visitor Centre.‎ ‎·Receive a discount on the Thames Clippers River Bus services.‎ ‎1．What can we learn about the Visitor Oyster card?‎ A．You can't use it during public holidays.‎ B．You can have it mailed directly to your home.‎ C．You can get a free Oyster card if you order online.‎ D．You can receive a 50% discount at any shop in London.‎ ‎2．How much money will be deducted if you take the tube four times in a day with a Visitor Oyster card?‎ A．￡2.30. B．￡3.40.‎ C．￡6.80. D．￡9.20.‎ ‎3．Where can you add credit to your Visitor Oyster card?‎ A．On the Internet.‎ B．At a bus station.‎ C．At a tube station.‎ D．In convenience stores.‎ 答案与解析 文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了游览伦敦使用Visitor ‎ Oyster Card的好处，如何购买及如何充值。‎ ‎1．B　细节理解题。第二段第二句Your card will be delivered by post.可知Visitor Oyster card可以直接寄到你家。故选B。‎ ‎2．C　细节理解题。根据A few more points部分You'll save more money if you use the tube several times.The Visitor Oyster card is “capped (给……定上限)” at ￡6.80 per day.可知如果你乘几次地铁，你会节省更多的钱。Visitor Oyster卡的“上限”是每天6.8英镑。故选C。‎ ‎3．C　细节理解题。根据A few more points部分倒数第二段Reuse the Oyster card by adding credit at a tube station, Oyster ticket shop or Visitor Centre.可知可以在地铁站添加，故选C。‎ Ⅳ.语法填空 ‎(2019年江西省上高二中高三5月全真模拟)‎ Almost all the ice covering the Bering Sea has melted(融化), scientists have confirmed, __1__ (throw) communities living around __2__ (it) shores into disorder.The region's ice cover __3__ (normal) lasts for at least another month, and this year it has disappeared earlier than any other year except 2017.‎ Living in __4__ northern Pacific Ocean between Alaska and Russia, the Bering Sea is experiencing the climate change and has drawn attention this year for recordbreaking levels of winter melting.In February, rising Arctic temperatures __5__ (lead) to around half the ‎ region's disappearing in the space of two weeks.‎ A report __6__ (send) by the International Arctic Research Centre at the University of Alaska Fairbanks has outlined the realworld effects of these surprising environmental __7__ (change) on the many communities __8__ live in the Bering Sea region.‎ In their report, the International Arctic Research Centre scientists wrote that while not every year will be as bad as this one, ice __9__ (form) is likely to remain low if the Bering Sea's waters remain warm.They also warn that communities will need to “prepare for more winters __10__ low sea ice and stormy conditions”．‎ 答案与解析 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。几乎所有覆盖白令海的冰都已经融化，影响了周围地区的生活。‎ ‎1．throwing　考查现在分词。分析句子可知throw在句中作状语，与逻辑主语“all the ice covering the Bering Sea has melted”为逻辑上的主谓关系，要用其现在分词形式，故填throwing。‎ ‎2．its　考查形容词性物主代词。句意：科学家们已经证实，几乎所有覆盖白令海的冰都已融化，使生活在其海岸周围的社区陷入混乱。分析句子可知空格处修饰shores, 是指白令海(它的)的海岸，故填its。‎ ‎3．normally　考查副词。空格处修饰动词cover, 要用副词，故填normally。‎ ‎4．the　考查冠词。northern Pacific Ocean为地名，海洋、江河、海峡、海湾名称前一般要加定冠词the, 故填the。‎ ‎5．led　考查时态。分析句子可知lead在句中为谓语，与主语之间是主动关系，根据时间状语In February可知应用一般过去时，故填led。‎ ‎6．sent　考查过去分词。分析句子可知send在句中为非谓语，与逻辑主语a report之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，要用send的过去分词形式，故填sent。‎ ‎7．changes　考查名词单复数。change为可数名词，根据these可知要用其复数形式，故填changes。‎ ‎8．which/that　考查定语从句。分析句子可知________ live in the ‎ Bering Sea region为定语从句，缺少引导词。先行词为many ‎ communities指物，引导词在从句中作主语，所以用which/that引导。故填which/that。‎ ‎9．formation　考查名词。句意：在他们的报告中，国际北极研究中心的科学家写道，虽然不是每年都会像这次一样糟糕，但如果白令海的水域保持温暖，冰的形成(概率)可能会很低。空格处作句子的主语，要填名词，form的名词形式为formation, 且ice formation为固定搭配，意为“冻结成冰，成冰作用”符合句意。故填formation。‎ ‎10．with　考查介词。句意：他们还警告社区要为以后更多具有低海浮冰和暴风雨天气状况的冬天做准备。with意为“具有，带有”符合句意，且with放在这里形成with结构作winter的后置定语 ‎，故填with。‎ Ⅴ.短文改错 ‎(2019年湖北省黄冈市高三模拟 )‎ Dear Ms Smith，‎ I'm writing to ask whether you could do me favor.I've just finished an essay naming “Differences between traditional Chinese and Western festivals”， so I'm not sure whether it is well written.To be honestly, I'm not that familiar with some traditional Western festivals.That's because I'm turning to you for help.I'd appreciate it if you could spare some time to look into my essay for possible mistakes and polish them.Also, I'm looking forward to your valuable advices.My essay has been sending to you along with this email.I hope it won't cause you too much more trouble.‎ Thank you in advance.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua ‎ ‎ 文章大意：本文是一封书信，作者让对方帮忙看一下自己写的文章是否有不妥之处并加以润色。‎ ‎1．考查冠词。句意：我写信是想问你能否帮我一个忙。此处的favor是可数名词，do sb. a favor表示“帮某人一个忙”，故favor 前加a。‎ ‎2．考查非谓语动词。句意：我刚写完一篇名为“中国传统节日与西方节日的差异”的文章，但我不确定它是否写得好。essay 与name之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，‎ 故naming改为named。 ‎ ‎3．考查连词。句意参考上题解析，根据句意可知前后是转折而非因果关系，故so改为but。‎ ‎4．考查形容词。句意：老实说，我对一些西方传统节日不是很熟悉。此处用形容词作表语，故honestly改为honest。‎ ‎5．考查表语从句。句意：这就是我向你求助的原因。that's why...表示“这就是……的原因”，that's because...表示“这是……的结果”。故because改为why。‎ ‎6．考查动词短语。句意：如果你能抽出时间来看一下我的文章，找出错误并对文章加以润色，我会感激不尽。look through表示“浏览，看”；look into表示“调查”。故into改为through。 ‎ ‎7．考查代词。句意参考上题解析，根据句意可知此处指代my essay，故them改为 it。‎ ‎8．考查名词。句意：期待你的宝贵意见。advice是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故advices改为advice。 ‎ ‎9．考查语态。句意：我的文章已经和这封邮件一起发给你了。My essay 与send之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，故sending改为sent。‎ ‎10．考查形容词。句意：我希望这不会给你带来太多的麻烦。根据句意可知此处并无比较意义，more是多余的，故删除more。‎