【英语】2018届语法二轮复习״语从句（含解析）教案（11页）

【英语】2018届语法二轮复习״语从句（含解析）教案（11页）

‎2018届 语法二轮复习 状 语 从 句 ‎ 要点回顾 一、时间状语从句 ‎1．when, while, as ‎①Nancy enjoyed herself so much when she visited her friends in Sydney last year.‎ 南希去年去悉尼看望她的朋友时玩得很开心。‎ ‎②I want the girls to experience that while they are young.‎ 我希望那些女孩们趁着年轻的时候去体验一下那样的生活。‎ ‎③As time goes on, it’s getting warmer and warmer.‎ 随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖和了。‎ ‎④When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.‎ 当我沿大街行走时，碰巧遇到了我的一个老朋友。‎ ‎(1)when既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。‎ ‎(2)从属连词while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。‎ ‎(3)从属连词as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成，可译为“一边……，(一边……)”或“随着……”。‎ ‎(4)如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此时when, while与as可互换使用。‎ ‎2．when的特殊用法 ‎①Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.(2010·全国卷Ⅱ)‎ 汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。‎ ‎②One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.(2011·浙江高考)‎ 我们正在收拾行李，这时我的女儿听到求救的呼喊。‎ ‎③He had just finished his homework when his mother asked him to play the piano.‎ 他刚完成作业母亲就让他弹钢琴。‎ when引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。常见句型有：‎ when还可表原因，意为“既然”。‎ ‎3．表示“刚……就……，一……就……”的常用表达 ‎①The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.‎ 我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。‎ ‎②The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.‎ 那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。‎ ‎③He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.‎ ‎＝No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.(2011·辽宁高考)‎ 他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。‎ ‎④I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.‎ 我刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。‎ ‎(1)as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner ... than ..., hardly/scarcely ... when ...和once(一……就……)‎ 这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生， 常译为“一……就……”。‎ ‎(2)no sooner ... than ...，hardly/scarcely ... when ...的时态搭配：no sooner与hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。‎ ‎4．before与since ‎①You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason before you reach any decision.(2013·湖南高考)‎ 在做任何决定之前，你必须学会顾及自己的情感和理智。‎ ‎②John thinks it won’t be long before he is ready for his new job.(2010·陕西高考)‎ 约翰认为他不久就会为他的新工作做好准备。‎ ‎③It was several years before I realized that David had lied to ‎ me.(2014·山西四校模拟)‎ 几年之后我才意识到大卫对我撒谎了。‎ ‎④As is reported, it is 100 years since Qinghua University was founded.(2011·四川高考)‎ 据报道，自从清华大学成立已经有100年了。‎ ‎(1)before表示“还未……就……；不到……就……；……才……；趁……；还没来得及……就……，在……之前”。‎ ‎(2)It will be＋一段时间＋before ...“多久之后才……”。‎ ‎(3)It won’t be long before ...“不久之后就……”。‎ ‎(4)It was＋一段时间＋before ...“过了多久才……”。‎ ‎(5)It is＋一段时间＋since ...“自从……多久了”。‎ ‎5．表示“每次；下一次……”的常用表达 ‎①Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out.‎ 每当我处于困境，他就会来帮助我。‎ ‎②Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.‎ 下次你来这里的时候，一定记着把你儿子带来。‎ ‎③The last time she saw James, he was lying in bed.‎ 上次她看见詹姆斯的时候，他正躺在床上。‎ every time, each time, next time, the last time, any time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当……；每次……；下次……”等。‎ ‎6．till, until和not ... until ‎①Have you heard the meeting will be put off till/until next Tuesday?‎ 这个会议将被推迟到下周二，你有没有听说？‎ ‎②I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he has been working on it for more than an hour.‎ 直到这个学生做这道数学题做了一个小时以上的时候，我才会告诉他答案。‎ ‎(1)until或till表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”，此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词，主、从句都为肯定式。这两个词可以换用，但till不可以置于句首，而until可以。‎ ‎(2)not ... until表示“某动作直到某时间才开始”，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式。‎ 二、地点状语从句 ‎①A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins. (2012·山东高考)‎ 很多高楼在一年前还是废墟的地方拔地而起。‎ ‎②Where there’s a will, there’s a way.‎ 有志者事竟成。‎ ‎③Where(ver) there’s plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green.‎ 哪里阳光、雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。‎ ‎1．‎ 地点状语从句通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。‎ ‎2．地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。‎ 三、条件状语从句 ‎①She says that she’ll have to close the shop unless business improves.(2013·江西高考)‎ 她说如果生意还没有起色的话，她就不得不把店关掉。‎ ‎②You can borrow my car as long as you promise not to drive too fast.(2012·江西高考)‎ 只要你答应不开得太快，我可以把车借给你。‎ ‎③You can go swimming on condition that you don’t go too far from the river bank.‎ 只有不离河岸太远你才能下去游泳。‎ ‎④Suppose/Supposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?‎ 假如他们拒绝了我们，我们还可以求助谁？‎ 引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if, unless(＝if ... not除非)，so/as long as(只要)，in case(万一), on condition that(条件是), suppose/supposing(假设，如果)，provided that(如果)等。‎ 四、让步状语从句 ‎①Although regular exercise is very important, it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.‎ 尽管经常锻炼非常重要，但是在临近就寝的时候进行锻炼绝不是一个好主意。‎ ‎②I’ll wait for you however late it is.‎ 不管有多晚我都会等着你。‎ ‎③Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, even though they knew it to be valuable.‎ 他们很多人不听他的意见，尽管他们知道他的意见很有价值。‎ ‎④Much as I like it, I won’t buy it.‎ 虽然我很喜欢，但不会买的。‎ ‎⑤While I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A．(2012·湖南高考)‎ 虽然我总感觉这次考试我能及格，但是我从来没有想到我会得A。‎ 引导让步状语从句的连词有：‎ ‎1．although/though(尽管，虽然)，even though/even if(即使)。‎ ‎2．whether ... or ...(不管……还是……)；疑问词＋ever(不管……；无论)，如whatever, whoever, whichever, however, whenever, wherever等；no matter＋疑问词(不管……；无论……)。‎ ‎3．as或though引导让步状语从句时要用倒装语序。‎ ‎4．从属连词while, when也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。‎ 五、原因状语从句 ‎①—Mum, could I go out to play now?‎ ‎—Let me see ... Yes, since you have finished all your school assignments.‎ ‎——妈妈，现在我可以出去玩吗？‎ ‎——让我想想，是的，既然你已经把所有的学习任务完成。‎ ‎②Now that you have grown up, you must do it by yourself.‎ 既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。‎ ‎③Considering that I have told you three times, you must know it.‎ 鉴于我已经告诉你三次，你一定知道了。‎ 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because, as, since(既然), now that, seeing that, considering that(考虑到)。‎ 六、方式状语从句 ‎①The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We’d better leave things as they are until the police arrive.‎ 卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损坏。我们最好保持原样直到警察到来。‎ ‎②Do as you are told to, or you’ll be fired.‎ 告诉你怎么做你就怎么做，否则你会被解雇。‎ ‎③The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.‎ 这位老太太对待这个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子似的。‎ 引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as, as if, as though等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。其中as if或as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。‎ 七、结果状语从句 ‎①Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe in him.‎ ‎＝Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe in him.‎ 迈克是一个如此诚实的工人，以至于我们都相信他。‎ ‎②It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.‎ 天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去公园。‎ ‎③He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family.‎ 他挣这么少的钱，以至于养不起家。‎ ‎④He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.‎ ‎→He was so clever a student as to be able to work out all the difficult problems.‎ 他是一名如此聪明的学生，以至于他能够解决所有难题。‎ ‎1．引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so ... that ..., such ... that ...。在非正式语体中，由so ... that ..., such ... that ...引导的句子中的that可以省略，注意其结构形式：‎ ‎2．当so或such所在的主句主语与结果状语从句中的主语一致时，还可简化为：so/such ... as to ...‎ 八、目的状语从句 ‎①When he goes out, he often wears sunglasses so that/in order that nobody/no one can recognize him.‎ 他出门的时候常戴着墨镜，以便没人能认出他。‎ ‎②The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.‎ 那个男孩藏在树后面，以防他父亲看到他。‎ ‎③Take your raincoat in case/lest it should rain.‎ 带上雨衣以防下雨。‎ 引导目的状语从句的从属连词有：so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (that)/lest等。‎ ‎1．in order that, so that 两个连词都意为“以便……；为了……”，它们引导的状语从句中常用情态动词。‎ ‎2．for fear that, in case (that)‎ 引导目的状语从句时，for fear that表示“害怕，担心某事会发生”；in case (that)/lest表示“以防出现某种情况”。‎ ‎ 考点搜索 考点一时间状语从句 ‎1．(2013·湖北高考)I don't often lose things, so I was quite surprised when_I_reached_for my wallet and found it wasn't there.(reach)‎ 我不常丢东西，所以当我拿钱包却发现钱包不在时，大吃一惊。‎ ‎2．(湖北高考)Such knowledge is still useful when_(it_is)_applied to similar situations in other countries.(when)‎ 当应用到其他国家的类似情形时，这样的知识依然有用。‎ 考点二地点状语从句 ‎3．(2014·湖北武汉二月调研)As a policeman I find where_there_is_violence,_drugs are always behind it.(violence)‎ 作为一名警察，我发现，哪里有暴力，其背后总是有毒品。‎ 考点三条件状语从句 ‎4．(2014·湖北高三教学合作联考)If_it_rains tomorrow, all the students won't take part in the sports game held by our school.(rain)‎ 如果明天下雨，所有的学生都不会参加学校举行的体育活动。‎ ‎5．(2014·湖北武汉四月调考)What if we forget_to_take_an_umbrella with us? (take)‎ 如果我们忘了带伞怎么办？‎ 考点四让步状语从句 ‎6．(湖北高考)However hard_I_tried,_I could not read his handwriting.(try)‎ 不论我怎样努力，还是无法认清他写的字。‎ ‎7．(2014·荆州调研)One can always manage to do more things, no matter how_full_his_‎ schedule is in life.(full)‎ 一个人不论他生活中的日程有多么满，总是能设法做更多的事情。‎ 考点五原因状语从句 ‎8．(2014·宜昌调研)Mark needs to learn Chinese since_his_company_is_opening a branch in Beijing.(since)‎ 马克需要学汉语，因为他的公司在北京开了一个分公司。‎ 考点六方式状语从句 ‎9．(2014·荆州调研)Jack wasn't saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as_if_he_had_done something very clever.(do)‎ Jack 什么也没说，但老师向他笑了笑，好像他做了件聪明的事情一样。‎ ‎ 综合检测 ‎1．(2014·武汉调研)Try_to_be_friends_with your children, and you will really know what they are thinking about.(try)‎ 尽力和你的孩子成为朋友，这样你会真正地知道他们在想什么。‎ ‎2．(2014·武昌区调研)In reality, it was not long before_he_got/was_familiar_with the newlyinstalled software.(familiar)‎ 事实上，没过多久他就熟悉了新安装的软件。‎ ‎3．(2014·湖北八校联考)The_moment_I_heard_the_news that she had been admitted into Oxford University, I sent an email to congratulate her.(moment)‎ 我一听说她被牛津大学录取的消息，就马上发电子邮件向她表示祝贺。‎ ‎4．(2014·湖北襄阳四中综合测试)Israel offers automatic citizenship to Jews who want it，whichever_language_they_speak.(whichever)‎ 犹太人只要愿意，均可自动加入以色列国籍，不管他们说何种语言。‎ ‎5．(2014·湖北武汉四月调研)You must remind him of the deadline for application, in_case_he_forgets.(forget)‎ 你一定要提醒他申请的截止日期，以免他忘记。‎ ‎6．(2014·湖北黄冈三月检测)Whenever_I_approached_him,_he always tried to avoid me, pretending not to have seen me at all.(approach)‎ 不管什么时候我接近他，他总是试图躲避，假装根本就没看见我。‎ ‎7．Strange_as_it_sounds,_we might all one day be forced to live with some disabilities.(as)‎ 尽管这件事听起来奇怪，但我们大家可能有一天不得不忍受残疾。‎ ‎8．However hard_he_works,_his boss never seems satisfied with his work.(work)‎ 无论他怎么努力，他的老板好像总是对他的工作不满意。‎ ‎9．All the Chinese jumped with joy the_moment_they_heard the news that ShenzhouⅩ had been sent up into space successfully.(moment) ‎ 一听到神舟十号成功发射时，所有的中国人欣喜若狂。‎ ‎10．(2014·湖北八校一联)So many nights as you were playing cards I_buried_myself_in_‎ work,_and while you were still in sound sleep, I was already in the office.(bury)‎ 多少个夜晚当你们在打牌的时候我埋头工作，当你们还在呼呼大睡的时候我已经在办公室了。‎ ‎11．(2014·湖北七市联考) Calm down for a while and_you_will_simplify the complicated problems very soon.(simplify)‎ 冷静片刻，你很快就会将复杂的问题变简单了。‎ ‎12．Wherever_we_are,_we must respect the old and love the ‎ young.(wherever)‎ 无论我们在哪里，我们必须尊老爱幼。‎ ‎13．People in the country could no longer bear the cruel king and it_wasn't_long_before they rose up.(it)‎ 这个国家的人民无法再忍受这个残暴的国王，没过多久，他们造反了。‎ ‎14．However_late_it_is,_I'll wait for you to have dinner together.(however)‎ 无论多么晚，我会等你一起吃饭。‎ ‎15．(2014·武昌调研) Everything was placed exactly where_he_wanted it for the graduation ceremony.(want)‎ 在毕业典礼上，一切东西都放在他想放的位置。‎