【英语】2018届二轮复习情态动词考点与典题演练学案(9页word版)

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【英语】2018届二轮复习情态动词考点与典题演练学案(9页word版)

‎2018届二轮复习 情态动词考点与典题演练 ‎【基础回顾】‎ 情态动词的语法特征 ‎ 1. 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情,只表示期待或估计某事的发生。2. 情态动词 除ought 和have 外,后面只能接不带to 的不定式。3. 情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。4. 情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式,分词,等形式。‎ 情态动词的常考必备:‎ ‎1.can 和be able to ‎ ‎1).can/could 表示能力;可能 ,(过去时用could),只用于现在式和过去式。be able to可以用于各种时态。‎ ‎2)只用be able to 的情况:‎ ‎  a. 位于助动词后。b. 情态动词后。c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。d. 用于句首表示条件。e. 表示成功地做了某事时,只能用was/were able to, 不能用could。‎ ‎3)could可以提出委婉的请求,(注意在回答中不可用could)。‎ ‎4)can/could在否定,疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。‎ ‎2. may和might ‎ ‎1) 表示允许或请求;2) 表示没有把握的推测;3) may 放在句首,表示祝愿。‎ 注意: might 表示推测时,不表示时态。只是可能性比may 小。‎ ‎4) may/might as well,后面接不带to 的不定式,意为"不妨"。‎ ‎5) may well do sth很有可能做某事 ‎3. have to和must ‎ ‎1) 两词都是“必须”的意思,have to 表示客观需要, must 表示说话人主观看法,既主观上的必要。2) have to有人称、数、时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。3) 在否定结构中: don't have to表示"不必";mustn't表示"禁止"4) must还可以表示“偏要”。‎ ‎4. should 和ought to ‎ ‎1)should 和ought to 都为"应该"的意思,可用于各种人称。2)should可以表示惊讶“竟然”。‎ ‎5. will和would ‎ ‎1) will 用于疑问句中,常用在第二称时表示说话人向对方提出“请求”或“询问”。2)will 用于各种人称表示“意志”、“意愿”或“决心”等,否定式won’t + 动词。3)will 表示习惯性的动作,有“总是”、“惯于”的含义。4)would 表示客气的请求、建议或意愿。5)would ‎ 表示过去反复发生的动作。‎ ‎6. shall ‎ ‎1)shall 作为情态动词用于第二、三人称,表示说话人的意愿,有“命令”、“警告、威胁、 强制”和“允许”等意思。2)在疑问句中,shall 用于征求对方的意见或请求指示,常用于第一、第三人称。‎ ‎ 7. need和dare ‎ ‎ 这两词既可做实义动词用,又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词,两者都只能用于疑问句,否定句和条件句。need 作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to,而dare作实义动词用时, 后面的to 时常可以被省略。‎ 1) 实义动词: need (需要, 要求)need + n. / to do sth 2) 情态动词: need,只用原形need后加do,否定形式为need not 3) need的被动含义:need, want, require, worth(形容词)后面接doing也可以表示被动: need doing = need to be done ‎【技能方法】情态动词是高考中的必考内容,也是教学的难点。因为相似的情态动词容易混淆,导致学生掌握起来较难。掌握情态动词的用法关键把握以下几点:1.熟记情态动词的用法;2.理解句意结合说话人语气解题。‎ 情态动词的考查几乎每年都有一两道题。一般情况下,试题会给一个特定的情景,要求学生在理解句意和情景的情况下做题 ‎。考查要点主要包括:‎ ‎1、弄清情态动词的基本特点。2、区别相似情态动词的不同。3、做题时要结合句意和情景。4、说话人的语气强弱也要考虑。‎ 掌握强调句必须把握好以下三个原则: ‎(1)掌握情态动词的用法(2)正确理解句子(3)结合句意和语气答题。‎ 典题演练 ‎1. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ________ easily reach the books on the top shelf.‎ A.must B.should ‎ C.can D.need C [解析] 考查情态动词。can表示能力,意为“能够” 。故答案为C。句意:塞缪尔——我们班个子最高的男孩——能够轻松地够到架子顶层上的书。‎ ‎2. If the new safety system ________ to use, the accident would never have happened. ‎ A.had been put B.were put ‎ C.should be put D.would be put A [解析] 考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知是对过去情况的虚拟,从句用had done形式, 故答案选 A。句意:如果新的安全系统已投入使用的话, 这次事故就不会发生了。‎ ‎3. ________not for the support of the teachers,the student could not overcome her difficulty.‎ A.It were B.Were it ‎ C.It was D.Was it ‎4. My room is a mess, but I ________clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.‎ A.daren't B.shouldn't ‎ C.needn't D.mustn't C [解析] 考查情态动词。根据“I can do it in the morning.”可知现在没必要打扫房间。故选C项。needn't不必;daren't不敢;shouldn’t不应该;mustn't不准,禁止。句意:我的房间很乱,不过今晚在我出去之前,我没必要打扫它。我可以在(明天)早晨打扫。‎ ‎5. —Do you have Betty's phone number?‎ ‎—Yes. Otherwise, I ________ able to reach her yesterday.‎ A.hadn't been B.wouldn't have been ‎ C.weren't D.wouldn't be B [解析] 考查虚拟语气。由空前的otherwise可知应用虚拟语气,再结合句意可知此处表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用would have done,故选B项。句意:“你有贝蒂的电话号码吗?”“有。不然的话,我昨天就不会联系上她了。”‎ ‎6. — I wonder what makes you a good salesperson.‎ ‎— I ________ as a waiter for three years, which contributes a lot to my today’s work.‎ A. serve B. served C. have served D. had served ‎【答案】B ‎7. — Why did you miss the interview yesterday?‎ ‎— Terribly sorry. My pet dog got seriously injured and I ________ it all the day.‎ A. attend B. was attending C. had attended D. have attended ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查时态。根据后面的时间状语all the day可知,这件事情是在过去持续进行的,应用过去进行时。故选B。‎ ‎8. — Helen, are you going Io the airport to pick up Jack the day after tomorrow?‎ ‎— ________ tomorrow night. I would go.‎ A. Were he to come back B. If he was about to come back C. Had he come back D. If he would come back ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查虚拟语气的倒装形式。此句是虚拟语气if sb. were ··, sb. would do sth.的变形,当if引导的虚拟状语从句中如有were/had/should,if省略后,从句要部分倒装。故选A。‎ ‎9.Now the world’s attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on the world’s economy.‎ A. is fixing on B. is being fixed on C. has fixed on D. had been fixed on ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 考查时态语态。句意:现在世界关注的焦点都在股票市场上,因为它们对世界经济已经产生了很大的影响。 attention与focus之间为被动关系,Now提示用现在进行时。‎ ‎10. — What happened to the young trees we planted last week?‎ ‎— The trees __________ well, but I didn’t water them.‎ A. might grow B. would have grown C. needn’t have grown D. would grow ‎【答案】B ‎11. ____the danger of traveling on the lonely island, they would not be trapped now.‎ A. Have they been informed of B. Were they informed of C. Should they be informed of D. Had they been informed of ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析:考查虚拟语气 句意上:如果他们被告知了在孤岛上旅行的危险的话他们现在就不会 被困了。此题考查的是混合虚拟语气且考查了虚拟语气与倒装省略的结合。If条件句中表示的是与过去事实相反应该是“If they had been informed of the danger of traveling on the lonely island”,主句是与现在事实相反可以通过时间状语“now”判断出。依照if遇到的虚拟语气与倒装省略的结合用法可以用成“Had they been informed of the danger of traveling on the lonely island”故D项正确。‎ ‎12.----It was such a difficult examination that a lot of students were unable to finish it on time.‎ ‎ ----That’s the case. It’s hard to accept the fact that over90%of my classmates_______.‎ A. should fail B. should have failed C. will fail D. may fail ‎【答案】B ‎13. Housing prices_______ since the end of the last year. Therefore, it’s time the central government______ some effective measures to bring them under control.‎ A. have increased; would take B. have increased; will take C. have been increasing; take D. have been increasing; took ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】试题分析:考查时态和虚拟语气 句意上:房价自从去年的以来一直在上涨,所以中央政府该采取措施加以控制了。第一空依据since一词应该使用现在完成时,且进行时态更能体现出目前的状况,故使用现在完成进行时最好;第二空是虚拟语气中“it’s time that +did/ should do”的句式使用,且在使用过程中should一词不能省略,故D项最佳。‎ ‎14. Were Fidel Castro, the Cuban Communist leader, still alive now, he _______ seven American presidents.‎ A. would see B. would have seen C. will see D. will have seen ‎【答案】B 【解析】考查虚拟语气 句意:要是古巴领导人卡斯特罗还活着的话,他就能见证美国七位总统了。此题考查的混合虚拟语气的使用,前一句可以还原为:If Fidel Castro, the Cuban Communist leader, were still alive now, 表示的是与现在事实相反;后面的主句表示的是“他见证七位美国总统”,应该是过去发生的事情,故要使用“would have seen”,所以B项正确。‎ ‎15. — How was your negotiation with your boss?‎ ‎ — By no means, I was determined, _______ to see room to give in.‎ A. I was B. was I C. I could D. could I ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查倒装句 句意:--与你老板的谈判怎样?--我下定决心了,无论如何我都不会让步的。该题考查的是“by no means”位于句首的部分倒装,依照句子中的结构只能选B项。‎
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