2021版高考英语一轮复习导学案：Unit3Lifeinthefuture导学案新人教版必修5

2021版高考英语一轮复习导学案：Unit3Lifeinthefuture导学案新人教版必修5

Unit 3　Life in the future 阅 读 词 汇 ‎1.jet n.　　　　 　　喷气式飞机 ‎2.tablet n. 药片 ‎3.capsule n. 太空舱;胶囊 ‎4.steward n. 乘务员;服务员 ‎5.stewardess n. 女乘务员 ‎6.opening n. (出入的)通路;开口;开端 ‎7.sideways adv. 往(向、从)一侧;侧着;侧面朝前 ‎8.mask n. 面具;面罩;伪装 ‎9.flash vt.‎& vi. (使)闪光;(使)闪现 ‎10.pessimistic adj. 悲观(主义)的 ‎11.typist n. 打字员 ‎12.typewriter n. 打字机 ‎ ‎13.postage n. 邮资 ‎14.postcode n. 邮政编码 ‎15.receiver n. 接受者;接收器;电话听筒 ‎16.swallow vt. 吞下;咽下 ‎17.representative n. 代表;典型人物 adj. 典型的;有代表性的 ‎18.motivation n. 动机 识 记 词 汇 ‎1.aspect n.　　　　方面;层面 ‎2.impression n. 印象;感想;印记 ‎3.constant adj. 时常发生的;连续不断的 ‎4.constantly adv. 不断地 ‎5.previous adj. 在前的;早先的 ‎6.uncertain adj. 不确切的;无把握的 ‎7.guide n. 指导;向导;导游 vt. 指引;指导 - 8 -‎ ‎8.surroundings n. 周围的事物;环境 ‎9.surrounding adj. 周围的 ‎10.tolerate vt. 容忍;忍受 ‎11.lack vi.& vt. 缺乏;没有 n. 缺乏;短缺的东西 ‎12.adjustment n. 调整;调节 ‎13.carriage n. 运输工具;四轮马车;客车 ‎14.press vi.& vt. 按;压;逼迫 n. 按;压;印刷;新闻 ‎15.fasten vt. 系牢;扎牢 ‎16.belt n. 腰带;皮带 ‎17.switch n. 开关;转换 vt. 转换 ‎18.timetable n. 时间表;时刻表 ‎19.optimistic adj. 乐观(主义)的 ‎20.mud n. 泥(浆)‎ 识 记 词 汇 ‎21.desert n.　　　　沙漠;荒原 ‎22.citizen n. 公民;居民;市民 ‎23.button n. 纽扣;按钮 ‎24.instant n. 瞬间;片刻 adj. 立即的;立刻的 ‎25.dustbin n. 垃圾箱 ‎26.ecology n. 生态;生态学 ‎27.greedy adj. 贪吃的;贪婪的;贪心的 ‎28.material n. 原料;材料 ‎29.recycle vt. 回收利用;再利用 ‎30.goods n. 货物 ‎31.settlement n. 定居;解决 拓 ‎1.impression n.印象;感想;印记→impress v.使留下印象→impressive - 8 -‎ 展 词 汇 ‎ adj.给人以深刻印象的 ‎2.constant adj.时常发生的;连续不断的→constantly adv.不断地 ‎3.surroundings n.周围的事物;环境→surround vt.环绕;包围→surrounding adj.周围的 ‎4.press vi.& vt.按;压;逼迫 n.按;压;新闻;印刷→pressure n.压力 ‎5.adjustment n.调整;调节→adjust vt.调整;调节 ‎6.tolerate vt.容忍;忍受→tolerance n.容忍;忍受;宽容→tolerant adj.宽容的;容忍的 ‎7.instant n.瞬间;片刻adj.立即的;立刻的→instantly adv.立即;立刻conj.一……就……‎ ‎8.settlement n.定居;解决→settle v.定居;解决→settler n.定居者 短 语 记 忆 ‎1.take up　　　　拿起;接受;开始;继续 ‎2.lose sight of... 看不见……‎ ‎3.speed up 加速 ‎4.be back on one’s feet ‎ (困境后)恢复;完全复原 ‎5.sweep up 打扫;横扫 ‎6.slide into (快捷而悄声地)移动;溜进……‎ ‎7.for lack of 因缺乏,因没有……‎ 句 型 整 理 ‎1.Hit by a lack of fresh air,my head ached.‎ 由于缺乏新鲜空气,我感到头痛。‎ ‎2.Exhausted,I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.‎ 我感到累极了,悄悄地爬上床很快就睡着了。‎ 重点 语法 The Past Participle (3) as the Adverbial and Attribute [过去分词(3)作状语和定语]‎ - 8 -‎ ‎1.impression n. 印象,感想 归纳拓展 ‎①first impression第一印象 ‎②leave∕make an impression on sb.∕leave sb. with an impression给……留下印象 ‎③be impressed with∕by 给……留下印象 ‎④impress sth. on sb.使……铭记……‎ ‎⑤impressive adj.给人印象深刻的 单句填空 ‎①Shanghai left her with a good impression(impress).‎ ‎②What was so impressive(impress) about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.‎ ‎③I was impressed (impress) to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses.(2018年6月浙江,读后续写)‎ ‎2.lack vi.& vt.缺乏;没有 n.缺乏;短缺的东西 归纳拓展 ‎①lack(for∕in) sth.缺少……‎ ‎②for lack of 因缺少……‎ ‎③(a) lack of ……方面的短缺 ‎④be lacking in 缺乏(某种品质或技能)‎ 单句填空 ‎①Though lacking(lack) money,his parents managed to send him to a university.‎ ‎②This is what motivation or the lack of it can do.(2019全国Ⅱ,七选五) ‎ ‎③Although she is rich in knowledge,she is lacking in practical experience.‎ ‎ lack作名词时常与介词of连用;作动词时可用作及物动词直接加宾语(不用被动语态),也可作不及物动词用;形容词lacking常与in连用。‎ ‎3.tolerate vt.容忍;忍受 归纳拓展 ‎①tolerate (sb.) doing sth.容忍∕忍受(某人)做某事 ‎②stand (sb.) doing sth.忍受∕容忍(某人)做某事 ‎③bear sb.doing sth.忍受∕容忍某人做某事 - 8 -‎ ‎④put up with忍受,容忍 单句填空 ‎①Those who know to tolerate(tolerate) others can naturally lead a happy life.‎ ‎②He can’t bear people smoking(smoke) while he is eating.‎ ‎③I can’t stand people interrupting(interrupt) me all the time.‎ ‎④A tough man can tolerate suffering(suffer).(2019天津,阅读理解D)‎ ‎4.instant adj.立即的,立刻的 n.瞬间;片刻 归纳拓展 ‎①in an instant 立刻,瞬间(instantly)‎ ‎②at that instant 在那瞬间 ‎③for an instant 一瞬间 在英语中表示“一……就……”的用法有:‎ ‎①the instant (that)... =instantly+从句 ‎②the moment∕the minute∕the second+从句 用instant相关短语填空 ‎①瞬间,他脱下大衣跳进了水里。‎ In an instant,he took off his coat and jumped into the water.‎ ‎②她在一瞬间与他的目光相遇。‎ She caught his eye for an instant.‎ ‎③我一看见他就认出他正是警方在寻找的那个人。‎ The instant I saw him,I knew he was the man the police were looking for.‎ 一句多译:上面③其他表达方式 ‎④Instantly I saw him,I knew he was the man the police were looking for.‎ ‎⑤The moment I saw him,I knew he was the man the police were looking for.‎ ‎⑥The minute I saw him,I knew he was the man the police were looking for.‎ ‎⑦As soon as I saw him,I knew he was the man the police were looking for.‎ ‎⑧On seeing him,I knew...‎ ‎⑨No sooner had I seen him than I knew...‎ ‎⑩Hardly had I seen him when I knew...‎ - 8 -‎ ‎1.take up 拿起;接受;开始从事;开始处理;继续;占去(时间或空间)‎ 归纳拓展 take in吸收,领会,欺骗 take off脱下,起飞,匆匆离开 take down拆除,拿下 take on呈现,雇佣,承担 take over接管、承袭 完成句子 ‎①他请她喝一杯,她接受了。‎ She took up his offer of a drink.‎ ‎②As an art lover who took up learning at the age of five(5岁开始学习), I prefer that your lecture should focus on Western painting.(2019天津,书面表达)‎ ‎③写论文占去了周末的大半时间。‎ Writing the paper took up most of the weekend.‎ ‎2.lose sight of...看不见……‎ 归纳拓展 ‎①catch sight of望见;看到 ‎②come into sight进入视野 ‎③in sight在视线内 ‎④out of sight看不见;在视野之外 ‎⑤at the sight of一看见……‎ ‎⑥at first sight乍一看;第一眼看到 用sight相关短语填空 ‎①光污染使我们看不到在宇宙中我们居住的真正地方。‎ Light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe.‎ ‎②尽管我对所看见的西红柿已经感到非常高兴了,但当我得知布朗的Grove农场是Jack Dusty的供应商之一时我还是更加快乐了……‎ Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight,my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown’s Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty...‎ ‎③一看见这幅画我就想起了我的童年。 ‎ - 8 -‎ At the sight of the picture I thought of my childhood.‎ ‎3.speed up加速 归纳拓展 ‎①at high∕low∕full∕top speed以高∕低∕全∕最高速 ‎②at a speed of...以……的速度 ‎③pick up speed逐渐加速 用speed相关短语填空 ‎①充足的新鲜空气和体育锻炼将加速他的康复。‎ Plenty of fresh air and exercise will speed up his recovery.‎ ‎②卡车正以‎50英里的时速行驶。‎ The truck was traveling at a speed of ‎50 mph.‎ ‎1.Hit by a lack of fresh air,my head ached.‎ 由于缺乏新鲜空气,我感到头痛。‎ 本句中的hit是过去分词,Hit by a lack of fresh air是过去分词短语作状语,表示原因。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎①过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时,可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等,表示被动或完成;‎ ‎②过去分词的逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致;‎ ‎③过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语之间为被动关系。‎ 完成句子 ‎①因为他是在格拉斯哥最贫困的地区被抚养大的,所以他成为一个足球明星的路既漫长又艰难。(表示原因)‎ Raised in the poorest area of Glasgow,he had a long,hard road to becoming a football star.‎ ‎②从城堡顶端看,公园十分美丽。(表示条件)‎ Seen from the top of the castle,the park looks very beautiful.‎ ‎③尽管用了很长时间,这本书看上去很新。(表示让步)　‎ Used for a long time,the book looks new.‎ ‎2.Exhausted,I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.‎ 我感到累极了,悄悄地爬上床很快就睡着了。‎ - 8 -‎ exhausted adj.“筋疲力尽的,疲惫不堪的”,在此处作状语,表示原因。‎ 归纳拓展 形容词(短语)作状语的语法功能:‎ ‎①表示原因,相当于一个原因状语从句。‎ ‎②表示时间,相当于一个时间状语从句。‎ ‎③表示让步,相当于一个让步状语从句。‎ ‎④表示方式,相当于一个副词或介词短语。‎ ‎⑤表示伴随,相当于一个并列句。‎ 完成句子 ‎①因严重受伤,其中有些乘客被立刻送到最近的医院。‎ Seriously injured,some of the passengers were sent to the nearest hospital at once.‎ ‎②他又冷又饿,放下工作就回家了。‎ Cold and hungry,he stopped working and went home.‎ ‎③尽管没有必要,昨晚他还是来了。‎ Though not necessary,he came here last night.(=Though it was not necessary,he came here last night.)‎ - 8 -‎