专题15 完形填空——记叙类-2018年高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列

专题15 完形填空——记叙类-2018年高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列

专题15 完形填空—记叙类 方法与技巧 ‎ 完形填空题要求考生具备的能力之一就是“正确的阅读理解能力”，同时，还要具备扎实的语法、词汇和文化知识的综合积淀，是一种全面考查考生语言运用能力的题型。针对以上我们对完形填空试题的题型分析，答题时考生可以从如下几个方面入手做出正确的选择：‎ 一、树立语篇意识，解决局部问题 每篇完形填空都围绕一个主题展开，其结构严谨，上下文互为映衬，前后照应，所以在解决局部问题时，考生要树立牢固的语篇意识，遵循从“整体---局部----整体”这个解决问题的规律，不要把注意力孤立地局限在句子层面上，而要从段落或整篇文章入手，整体把握文章的内容，结合上下文，寻找答案的线索。（参考题型分类四） ‎ 二、借助逻辑连词，推敲前后文意 英文中的逻辑连词是构成语篇的纽带，也是相关语句信息的结合点。命题人常在这些“关节”上设置题目，考查学生的语用能力。常用的逻辑连词主要有：（1）词（包括连词、副词和少数介词），如and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite等；（2）短语，如in other words, or rather, in addition, as a result, so that, on the contrary, instead of等；（3）分句和独立结构，如that is to say, what is more, all things considered等。逻辑连词对准确理解语篇意义能够起到很强的提示作用。完形填空中很多题目都围绕它们而设的。考生在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑连词，找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项，如其同义词、近义词或反义词等，有时这些词、短语甚至复现在文中。（参考题型分类四） ‎ 三、通达文章语境，明辨词语差异 ‎ 高考完形填空选项的设置一般均属于同一词类，有的甚至在意义上也非常接近。为了顺利解答此类问题，考生在平时记忆单词时，要在例句中把握其用法并能在考试中结合语境，比较四个选项的细微差别，推敲什么是最佳答案。（参考题型分类一） ‎ 四、活用知识积累，甄别习惯搭配 ‎ 词汇的习惯用法或固定搭配，特别是动词、名词、形容词、介词等的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例很大。如果考生在备考时对常用的习惯用法或固定搭配能牢固地掌握，并在解题时灵活运用，就能达到事半功倍的效果。（参考题型分类一） ‎ 五、联系生活常识，再现相关情景 ‎ 完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文或叙议结合、富有哲理的论说文，这些语篇都非常贴近学生生活。考生在解题时，可以根据生活常识或结合常识身临其境地想像当时的情景，从而做出正确的判断。例如：‎ ‎ The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up the steps. She paid the driver and then, using her hands to 31 the seats, settled in one of them.‎ ‎31.A. touch B .grab C .count D .feel ‎32.A.weakness B . sickness C .darkness D .sadness ‎【解析】C考查常识理解。盲人陷入到黑暗的世界，这种表达在中文里面我们也使用，所以明显应该是“a world of darkness”；‎ 六、了解文化背景，克服母语干扰 ‎ 完形填空的语篇信息常交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识。有些选项的设置与文化背景有关，这就要求考生有较宽的知识面，同时具备一定的文化意识，特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力，只有这样才能既快又准确解题。 ‎ 总之，要提高完形填空的解题水平，考生除必须掌握一定的语法、词汇知识外，还有赖于提高阅读理解能力。因为只有看懂了短文才能确定正确答案。另外考生还要有计划地多做一些完形填空的练习，逐渐增加训练的频度，提高训练的难度，通过训练提高阅读理解能力，做到能根据短文所给线索和信息进行分析、推理、归纳、判断，进一步提高词语辨析和灵活运用的能力。只有通过平时多读多练，不断拓宽知识面，进一步了解英美风土人情等有关文化背景知识，熟练掌握英语习惯用语的表达等，才能为正确完成完形填空试题提供前提保障。‎ 体验高考 ‎[2017·北京卷]‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba，Canada. One day, when she was five years old，she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg. They saw a man __36__ out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that, and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. Hannah was very __37__. She couldn't understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food. Hannah started to think about how she could __38__，but，of course，there is not a lot one fiveyearold can do to solve(解决) the problem of homelessness. ‎ Later，when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was a woman, __39__ an old shopping trolley(购物车) which was piled with __40__. It seemed that everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more __41__ to do something. She had been talking to her mother about the lives of homeless people __42__ they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldn't __43__ as bad.‎ Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in other provinces. She ‎ hoped to __44__ her message of hope and awareness. She started the Ladybug Foundation，an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness. She began to __45__ “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business leaders to __46__ to the cause. She also organized a fundraising(募捐)drive in “Ladybug Jars” to collect everyone's spare change during “Make Change” month. More recently, the foundation began another __47__ called National Red Scarf Day—a day when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada's __48__ and homeless.‎ There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannah's Place”，something that Hannah is very __49__ of. Hannah's Place is divided into several areas，providing shelter for people when it is so cold that __50__ outdoors can mean death. In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities，she has received a lot of __51__. For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the __52__ of young people to change the world. But __53__ all this, Hannah still has the __54__ life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.‎ Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a __55__ in the world. You can, too!‎ ‎36. A. jumping B. eating C. crying D. waving ‎37. A. annoyed B. nervous C. ashamed D. upset ‎38. A. behave B. manage C. help D. work ‎39. A. pushing B. carrying C. buying D. holding ‎40. A. goods B. bottles C. foods D. bags ‎41. A. excited B. determined C. energetic D. grateful ‎42. A. since B. unless C. although D. as ‎43. A. sound B. get C. feel D. look ‎44. A. exchange B. leave C. keep D. spread ‎45. A. sell B. deliver C. host D. pack ‎46. A. contribute B. lead C. apply D. agree ‎47. A. campaign B. trip C. procedure D. trial ‎48. A. elderly B. hungry C. lonely D. sick ‎49. A. aware B. afraid C. proud D. sure ‎50 A. going B. sleeping C. traveling D. playing ‎51. A. praises B. invitations C. replies D. appointments ‎52. A. needs B. interests C. dreams D. efforts ‎53. A. for B. through C. besides D. along ‎54. A. healthy B. public C. normal D. tough ‎55. A. choice B. profit C. judgement D. difference ‎38．C　根据上文 Hannah看到无家可归的人感到很难过，可知她想要帮助他们，故选C。‎ ‎39．A　根据上下文可知这位无家可归的女士推着一个老旧的购物车，故选A。‎ ‎40．D　根据下文“…everything the woman owned was in them.”可知，them指代手推车里堆满的袋子，故选择D。‎ ‎41．B　根据上下文可知Hannah更加下定决心要帮助无家可归的人。 故选 B。‎ ‎42．A　此处句意是说自从她们第一次遇到无家可归的人， Hannah就一直在和她妈妈讨论无家可归的人的生活。由此可知答案选A。‎ ‎43．C　根据上文可知， Hannah感到很难过，所以妈妈告诉她如果她可以做点什么来改变这一切， 那么她就不会感觉这么糟糕了， 此处应为“感到，感觉”， 故选 C。‎ ‎44．D　根据Hannah开始在公开场合做些关于无家可归的人的演讲，呼吁人们关注他们，可知此处表示她想传播希望和唤起人们的意识， 故选 D。‎ ‎45．C　根据后半句“她会在午餐期间尽力说服当地的商业领导们为这一帮扶事业出力”，可知此空应是举办一些“大老板”午餐活动。故选C。‎ ‎46．A　据上题可知， Hannah尽力去说服当地的大老板为解决无家可归的问题做出贡献，故选A。‎ ‎47．A　根据上下文可知，another后应是前文提到的与募捐有关的活动， 即National Red Scarf Day，故选A。‎ ‎48．B　根据文章第一段中妈妈的话“…the man was homeless and hungry.”， 可知本空应填hungry，故选B。‎ ‎49．C　根据下文的描述，可知Hannah's ‎ ‎ Place是能够给流浪者们提供躲避严寒的地方，Hannah已经为很多流浪者提供了帮助，这是她深感自豪的事。故选C。‎ ‎50．B　根据语境可知此处指在严寒下，睡在户外就意味着死亡，故选B。‎ ‎51．A　根据下文可知她因自己的善行而获得了很多表彰，故选A。‎ ‎52．D　Hannah获得的“2007 BRICK Award”奖就是认可年轻人为改变世界所做出的努力，故选D。‎ ‎53．B　through all this意思是“经历所有这些”。虽然Hannah做了这么多事情，但她也是一名普通的女学生， 故选 B。‎ ‎54．C　据上题可知 Hannah依旧过着普通校园女孩的生活， 故选 C。‎ ‎55．D　Hannah是一个通过自己的努力改变世界的年轻人， make a difference意为“使变得不同，有影响”，故选D。‎ ‎[2017·江苏卷]‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ For a long time Gabriel didn't want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high school，Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students, __36__ across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, __37__ at school for practice hours __38__ anyone else had to be there. He swore to himself to __39__ music，as he hated getting to school extra early.‎ ‎__40__，one day，in the music class that was __41__of his school's standard curriculum，he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano and found it __42__to pick out tunes. With a sinking feeling，he realized that he actually __43__doing it. He tried to hide his __44__pleasure from the music teacher，who had __45__over to listen. He might not have done this particularly well，__46__the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good __47__ and suggested that Gabriel go into the music storeroom to see if any of the instruments there __48__him.There he decided to give the cello (大提琴) a __49__．When he began practising，he took it very __50__．But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument，and was __51__to practising it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.‎ This __52__，of course，that he arrived at school early in the morning，__53__his heavy instrument case across the campus to the __54__looks of the nonmusicians he had left__55__．‎ ‎36.A.travelling B.marching C.pacing D.struggling ‎37. A.rising up B.coming up C.driving up D.turning up ‎38. A.before B.after C.until D.since ‎39. A.betray B.accept C.avoid D.appreciate ‎40. A.Therefore B.However C.Thus D.Moreover ‎41. A.part B.nature C.basis D.spirit ‎42. A.complicate B.safe C.confusing D.easy ‎43. A.missed B.disliked C.enjoyed D.denied ‎44. A.transparent B.obvious C.false D.similar ‎45. A.run B.jogged C.jumped D.wandered ‎46. A.because B.but C.though D.so ‎47. A.ear B.taste C.heart D.voice ‎48. A.occurred to B.took to C.appealed D.held to ‎49. A.change B.chance C.mission D.function ‎50. A.seriously B.proudly C.casually D.admitted ‎51. A.committed B.used C.limited D.admitted ‎52. A.proved B.showed C.stressed D.meant ‎53. A.pushing B.dragging C.lifting D.rushing ‎54. A.admiring B.pitying C.annoying D.teasing ‎55. A.over B.aside C.behind D.out ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述Gabriel看到学音乐的学生拿着沉重的音乐器材穿过校园，早上练习好几个小时，便不想学习音乐；然而，一天他不经意地弹奏了钢琴，之后就发现他喜欢上了弹奏乐器。因此他开始踏上和那些学音乐的学生相同的道路。‎ ‎37. D　根据后面一句中的“…as he hated getting to school extra early.”可知，在别人还没到之前，学音乐的学生们就出现在学校并练习好几个小时了。turn up“出现”，符合语境。rise up上升；come up被提及，发生；drive up开车赶到。‎ ‎38. A　根据上题解析可知，before“在……之前”，符合语境。after在……之后；until直到；since既然，自从。‎ ‎39. C　根据本句中的“…as he hated getting to school extra early.”可知，他发誓避免学音乐。avoid“避免”，符合语境。betray背叛；accept接受；appreciate欣赏，感激。‎ ‎40. B　根据上文可知，他发誓避免学音乐，结合本句中的“…he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano…”可知，此处表示转折。however“然而”，符合语境。therefore因此；thus因此；moreover而且。‎ ‎41. A　根据常识可知，音乐课是他的学校标准课程的一部分。part“部分”，符合语境。nature自然；basis基础；spirit精神。‎ ‎42. D　根据语境可知，他正在随意地弹钢琴，并且发现很容易弹奏出曲调。easy“容易的”，符合语境。complicated复杂的；safe安全的；confusing迷惑的。‎ ‎43. C　根据后面一句中的pleasure可知，他意识到他事实上喜欢弹钢琴。enjoy“喜爱”，符合语境。miss错过，想念；dislike厌恶；deny否认。‎ ‎44. B　根据前面一句可知，他意识到他事实上喜欢弹钢琴。而本句中tried一词说明这种喜悦是很明显的。obvious“明显的”，符合语境。transparent透明的，清澈的；false错误的；similar相似的。‎ ‎45. D　根据上文中的“…he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano and found it…to pick out tunes.”可推断，老师走过来听。wander“漫步”，符合语境。run跑；jog慢跑；jump跳。‎ ‎46. A　根据语境可知，他的钢琴可能弹得没那么好，因为老师告诉他，虽然他有很好的鉴赏力，但还是建议他去音乐贮藏室看看是否有适合他的乐器。前后句表示因果。because“因为”，符合语境。but但是；though尽管；so因此。‎ ‎49. B　根据语境可知，他决定给大提琴一个机会。chance“机会”，符合语境。change改变；mission任务；function功能。‎ ‎50. C　根据后面一句中的“But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument…”可推断，开始练习时，他很随意地对待这件事。casually“随意地”，符合语境。seriously严肃地，认真地；proudly自豪地；naturally自然地。‎ ‎51. A　根据本句中的“…so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.”可知，他致力于练习，因此在几个月内，他就演奏得相当好了。be committed to“致力于”，符合语境。use使用；limit限制；admit承认，允许进入。‎ ‎52. D　根据语境可知，这意味着他早上要早到学校，拖拽着沉重的乐器穿过校园。mean“意味着”，符合语境。prove证明；show显示；stress强调，使紧张。‎ ‎53. B　根据上题解析可知，drag“拖拽”，符合语境。push推；lift举起；rush冲。‎ ‎54. B　根据文章第一段可知，他曾经很长时间不想学习音乐，并且同情地看着学音乐的学生。由此可推断，他现在也要在他留下的非音乐学生的同情的表情中穿过校园。pity“怜悯，同情”，符合语境。admire钦佩；annoy惹恼；tease取笑。‎ ‎55. C　根据上题解析可知，leave behind“留下”，符合语境。leave over剩下；leave aside搁置；leave out遗漏，省去。‎ ‎ [2017·全国卷Ⅰ]‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this __41__ process and found something that has changed my __42__ at college for the better：I discovered ASL—American Sign Language(美式手语)．‎ I never felt an urge to __43__ any sign language before. My entire family is hearing，and so are all my friends. The __44__ languages were enough in all my interactions(交往)．Little did I know that I would discover my __45__ for ASL.‎ The __46__ began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club __47__ their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very __48__ of communicating without speaking __49__ me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the __50__. This newness just left me __51__ more.‎ After that, feeling the need to __52__ further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club's meetings. I only learned how to __53__ the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my __54__ progress，I was excited. I then made it a point to __55__ those meetings and learn all I could.‎ ‎ The following term, I __56__ an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was __57__. I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. __58__，if there had been any talking, it would have __59__ us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the __60__ way of communication it opens.‎ ‎41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal ‎42. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion ‎43. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create ‎44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken ‎45. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request ‎46. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task ‎47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed ‎48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason ‎49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted ‎50. A. end B. past C. course D. distance ‎51. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting ‎52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain ‎53. A. print B. write C. sign D. count ‎54. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious ‎55. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize ‎56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for ‎57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated ‎58. A Lastly     B. Thus    C. Instead   D. However 59.A.required   B. caused    C. allowed   D. expected 60.A.easy    B. popular    C. quick     D. new ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大学期间学习美式手语的经历。刚开始作者认为自己没有必要学习手语，直到有一次看到手语俱乐部的表演，作者深深地为之吸引，从而产生了学习手语的渴望。‎ ‎42. B　“我”发现的某些东西改变了“我”的大学生活经历。progress进步； experience经历； major主修课目； opinion观点。故选B。‎ ‎43. C　“我”以前从没有过学习手语的冲动。choose选择； read看，读； learn学习；create创造。故选C。‎ ‎44. D　根据前文“My entire family is hearing, and so are all my ‎ friends.”可知，作者的家人及朋友都可以听得到，作者认为在平时的交流中，口语就足够了。official官方的；foreign外国的；body肢体；spoken口语的。故选D。‎ ‎45. A　“我”没想过“我”会发现自己对美式手语的热爱。前文中“I never felt an urge to…any sign language before.”表明作者以前从未想过学习手语，而根据后文内容可知，作者非常喜欢手语。love热爱；concern关心，顾虑；goal目标；request请求。故选A。‎ ‎46. C　故事发生在“我”上大学的第一周。这里作者开始讲述在大学学习手语的事情。meeting会议； trip旅行；story故事；task任务。故选C。‎ ‎47. B　“我”观看ASL 俱乐部表演一首歌的内容。通过分析可知ASL 俱乐部是手语俱乐部，故应该是在用手语表演一首歌。record记录；perform表现，表演；recite背诵；discuss讨论。故选B。‎ ‎48. A　手部的动作和不用语言进行交流的想法吸引了“我”。作者当时在看手语表演，而手语就是借助手势进行交流。idea想法；amount数量；dream梦想；reason原因。故选A。‎ ‎49. D　分析语境可知ASL 俱乐部的表演吸引了作者，否则作者也不会去学习手语。disturb打扰； support支持；embarrass使……难堪；attract吸引。故选D。‎ ‎50. B　“我”所看到的和“我”在过去所经历的事情完全不同。 end结束，末尾；past过去；course课程；distance距离。固定短语in the past意为“在过去”，故选B。‎ ‎51. D　这种新奇的感觉使“我”想了解更多。分析语境可知作者被手语吸引，想要进一步了解手语，所以也有了后文中的参加手语俱乐部的会议。show展示；act行动；say说；want想要。故选D。‎ ‎52. B　在那之后，“我”想要探索更多关于手语的东西，于是“我”参加了ASL 俱乐部的一次会议。exercise锻炼； explore探索；express表达；explain解释。故选B。‎ ‎53. C　那天“我”只学会了用手语表达字母。作者第一次参加手语俱乐部的会议，学会的应该是最基本的用手语表达字母。print打印；write写；sign打手语；count数。故选C。‎ ‎54. A　“我”并没有因为自己缓慢的进步而沮丧，相反“我”很兴奋。因为作者只学会了用手语表达字母，所以进步是很慢的。slow缓慢的；steady平稳的； normal正常的；obvious明显的。故选A。‎ ‎55. C　“我”那时下定决心参加俱乐部所有的会议去学习“我”能学习的一切。chair主持；sponsor赞助；attend参加；organize组织。attend meetings参加会议。故选C。‎ ‎56. D　接下来的一个学期，“我”报名参加了一个手语班。miss错过，想念；pass通过；give up放弃；register for报名登记。故选D。‎ ‎57. A　教授的耳朵听不见，任何口语交流都是被禁止的。根据后文“…if there had been any ‎ talking…”可知在课堂上没有口语交流。prohibit禁止；welcome欢迎；ignore忽视；repeat重复。故选A。‎ ‎59. B　如果有口语交流，那只会造成“我们”学的手语更少。require要求；cause造成；allow允许；expect期待。故选B。‎ ‎60. D　现在“我”很感激当时的安静并且享受它带来的一种新的交流方式。easy简单的；popular受欢迎的；quick快速的；new新的。故选D。‎ ‎ [2017·全国卷Ⅱ]‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ In 1973，I was teaching elementary school. Each day，27 kids __41__ “The Thinking Laboratory”．That was the __42__ students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too __43__．‎ Freddy was an average __44__，but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion(同情)．He would __45__ the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's __46__．‎ Before the school year __47__， I gave the kids a special __48__，Tshirts with the words “Verbs Are Your __49__” on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词) may seem dull，most of the __50__ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.‎ Through the years, I'd run into former students who would provide __51__ on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his __52__ from high school and remained the same __53__ person I met forty years before. Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man __54__ in his truck. Another time，he __55__ a friend money to buy a house.‎ Just last year，I was __56__ a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman __57__ the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and __58__ it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a __59__ from Freddy's mother. “Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.”‎ I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn't help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us，we all __60__ something from Freddy.‎ ‎41. A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran ‎42. A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan ‎43. A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull ‎44. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker ‎45. A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh ‎46. A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonesty D. mistake ‎47. A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended ‎48.A.lesson B. gift C. report D. message ‎49. A.friends B.Awards C.Masters D.Tasks ‎50. A.simple B.unique C. fun D.clever ‎51. A.assessments B. comments C.instructions D.updates ‎52. A.graduation B. retirement C.separation D.resignation ‎53. A.daring B.modest C.caring D.smart ‎54. A.wait B.sleep C.study D.live ‎55. A.paid B.charged C.lent D.owed ‎56. A.observing B.preparing C. designing D.conducting ‎57. A.regretted B.avoided C.excused D.ignored ‎58. A.opened B.packed C.gave D.held ‎59. A.picture B.bill C.note D.diary ‎60. A.chose B.took C.expected D.borrowed ‎41. B　学生每天进入“思考实验室”学习。build 建造；enter进入；decorate装饰；run奔跑，管理。‎ ‎42. A　从Room 104到The Thinking Laboratory只是名字(name)的改变。‎ ‎43. D　既然是投票选名，肯定是之前的名字太无趣(dull)了，而且下文信息多次重复这一因素。‎ ‎44. B　根据语境可知Freddy是一名普通的学生。‎ ‎45. D　Freddy性格开朗，遇到趣事会开怀大笑。‎ ‎46. A　从空前的提示词saddest可知Freddy对他人的不幸(misfortune)会表现得极为悲伤。‎ ‎47. D　作者在学年结束前赠予学生T恤衫，并在衣服上印了寄语。‎ ‎48. B　T恤衫是作者送给学生的礼物。‎ ‎49. A　“把动词当作朋友”，即作者希望学生们要有爱心行动，不要空谈。‎ ‎50. C　T恤衫寓意深刻。尽管“动词”本身是枯燥的，但把它们变成行动是最大的乐趣。作者告诫学生们要做行动的巨人。‎ ‎51. D　这些年来，作者偶然从以前的学生那里得知他们老同学的近况。用update表示得知的信息不断在更新。‎ ‎52. A　作者得知Freddy毕业后干了几种不同的工作。‎ ‎53. C　Freddy毕业后个性未变，仍然是一个充满爱心(caring)的人。从下文的两个具体事例可知Freddy一直对别人充满爱心。‎ ‎54. B　Freddy让无家可归者睡在自己的车上。‎ ‎55. C　Freddy借钱给朋友购房。‎ ‎56. D　conduct在此表示“指导，管理”。此处表示作者在上课。‎ ‎[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ A Toronto man is offering a free roundtheworld air ticket to the right woman. But __41__ apply. You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian __42__．‎ Jordan Axani, 28, said he and his then girlfriend, Elizabeth Gallagher, booked heavily discounted roundtheworld air tickets in May, but their __43__ ended and he did not want her ticket to __44__. The ticket had a strict notransfer(不可转让) __45__， but since passport information was not required when __46__， any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher can __47__ it. ‎ ‎“I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to __48__ a lot of joy，” said Axani. He posted his __49__ on a social networking website, and received thousands of emails,‎ ‎ including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the __50__ passports. “More __51__， there are hundreds of Canadians who are interested in __52__ their name to Elizabeth Gallagher，” Axani said. “It was absolutely out of __53__，thousands of emails, people around the world __54__ their stories of travel.”‎ Axani wrote in his post that he is not __55__ anything in return and that the woman who uses the __56__ ticket can choose to either travel with him or __57__ the ticket and travel on her own.‎ The __58__ is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before __59__ in Toronto on January 8. He said the __60__ woman will be announced on the website and the trip will be shared online.‎ ‎41.A.benefits B.deposits C.retrictions D.examinations ‎42.A.orgin B.passport C.accent D.firend ‎43.A.holiday B.marriage C.dream D.relationship ‎44.A.go to waste B.come to mind C. go no sale D.come into effect ‎ ‎45.A.policy B.order C.parment D.schedule ‎46.A.applying B.booking C.checking D.bargaining ‎47.A.use B.borrow C.choose D.buy ‎48.A.sacrifice B.express C.experience D.provide ‎49.A.answer B.advice C.offer D.comment ‎50.A.same B.right C.now D.real ‎51. A. interesting B. annoying C. satisfying D. convincing ‎52. A. writing B. giving C. lending D. changing ‎53. A. touch B. question C. date D. control ‎54. A. admiring B. advertising C. sharing D. doubting ‎55. A. leaving B. looking for C. losing D. dealing with ‎ ‎56. A. leaving B. looking for C. losing D. dealing with ‎57. A. return B. take C. reserve D. hide ‎58. A. interview B. program C. trip D. meeting ‎59. A. ending B. calling C. repeating D. staying ‎60.A.honored B. lovely C. intelligent D. lucky ‎【文章大意 ‎】 本文是一篇记叙文。Axani订好了机票打算和女友周游世界，但是他和女朋友最终分手，票又不能退，该怎么办呢？Axani通过向同名同国籍的女士免费赠票的方式解决了这一问题。‎ ‎41. C　根据后句可知，得到这张免费机票的女士的名字必须是“Elizabeth Gallagher”，还需有加拿大护照。很显然这是限制(restriction)条件。benefit益处；deposit存款，寄存；examination检查，检测。‎ ‎42. B　后文passport有原词复现。这里表达的意思是“需要加拿大护照”。‎ ‎43. D　由语境可知，他本来和女朋友订了机票，但是不幸分手了，机票不能退。由此可知，这里表达的意思是“他和女朋友分手了”，也就是“两人的关系结束了”，所以选D。holiday假期；marriage婚姻；dream梦想。‎ ‎44. A　和女朋友分手了，票又不能退，他不想把票浪费(go to waste)掉，于是就产生了免费赠票的想法。come to mind想起来；go on sale出售；come into effect生效。‎ ‎45. A　根据常识和语境可知，机票不可转让是航空部门制定的政策(policy)。order命令；payment支付；schedule日程表。‎ ‎46. B　根据下文可知当订票(book)的时候并不需要护照信息。apply申请，应用；check检查；bargain讨价还价。‎ ‎47. A　根据下文可知任何同名的人都可以使用(use)这张机票。borrow借；choose 选择。下文中的“go to good use”有原词复现。‎ ‎48. C　某人可以体验(experience)环球旅行的快乐。sacrifice牺牲；express表达；provide提供。‎ ‎49. C　由语境可知，这里指的是他把赠票信息发布到网络上，所以选offer，意为“(主动)提供”。answer答案；advice建议；comment评价，评论。‎ ‎50. B　根据语境可知这里指的是恰当的护照，所以选right。same相同的；new新的；real真正的。‎ ‎51. A　更有趣的(interesting)是还有很多人想改成这个名字。annoying恼人的；satisfying令人满意的；convincing有说服力的。‎ ‎53. D　这件事几乎失去了控制。out of touch失去联系；out of question毫无疑问；out of date 过期；out of control失去控制。故选D。‎ ‎54. C　世界上很多人都在分享他们旅行的故事。admire羡慕；advertise打广告；share分享；doubt怀疑。‎ ‎55. B　他没有盼望得到回报，只是不想让票浪费了。look for意为“寻找”。leave留下；lose丢失；deal with 处理。‎ ‎56. D　他之前的女朋友不能和他一起旅行了，所以票是多余的(extra)。‎ ‎57. B　使用这张票的人可以和他一起旅行，也可以拿走(take)票自己去旅行。return归还；reserve保留，保存；hide藏。‎ ‎58. C　根据上下文可知是环球旅行。interview 采访；programme项目；meeting会议，见面。‎ ‎59. A　根据上文的start可知这里说的是结束(end)时间。‎ ‎60. D　结合常识和上文所说的有那么多人对这张票感兴趣可知，能得到这张免费票的人是幸运的。所以选D。honoured荣幸的；lovely可爱的；intelligent聪明的。‎ ‎[2017·浙江卷6月考]‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a __36__ place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They __37__ various matters all over the world. When the war was near, Alia was __38__ that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more __39__ to her than mountains of gold. The books are in every language— new books, ancient books, __40__ a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.‎ She had asked the government for __41__ to move the books to a __42__ place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands. __43__，she brought books home every night, __44__ her car late after work. Her friends came to __45__ her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant __46__ to hide some books. All through the __47__，Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, __48__ them over the sevenfoot wall and __49__ them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war __50__. Then nine days later, a fire burned the __51__ to the ground.‎ One day, the bombing stopped and the __52__ left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be __53__ again while the city was __54__. So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs (郊区). Now Alia waited for the war to end and __55__ peace and a new library.‎ ‎36. A. meeting B. working C. personal D. religious ‎37. A. raised B. handled C. reported D. discussed ‎38. A. worried B. angry C. doubtful D. curious ‎39. A. practical B. precious C. reliable D. expensive ‎40. A. then B. still C. even D. rather ‎41. A. permission B. confirmation C. explanation D. information ‎42. A. large B. public C. distant D. safe ‎43. A. Fortunately B. Surprisingly C. Seriously D. Secretly ‎44. A. starting B. parking C. filling D. testing ‎45. A. stop B. help C. warn D. rescue ‎46. A. intended B. pretended C. happened D. agreed ‎47. A. war B. night C. building D. way ‎48. A. put B. opened C. passed D. threw ‎49. A. hid B. exchanged C.burnt D. distributed ‎50. A. approached B. erupted C. continued D. ended ‎51. A. restaurant B. library C. city D. wall ‎52. A. neighbours B. soldiers C. friends D. customers ‎53. A. sold B. read C. saved D. moved ‎54. A. occupied B. bombed C. quiet D. busy ‎55. A. dreamed of B. believed in C. cared about D. looked for ‎【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在伊拉克的战火中，Alia Baker和朋友们勇敢地保护图书馆书籍的故事。‎ ‎40. C　此处语义表示递进。这里的书有新的，有古老的，甚至还有一本有700年历史的关于伊拉克历史的书。‎ ‎41. A　根据语境可知，她曾希望政府允许她把书搬到安全的地方去藏起来。此处ask for permission表示“征求……的许可”。‎ ‎42. D　根据语境可知，她希望把书藏到安全的地方，所以选safe。‎ ‎43. D　因为她的要求被政府拒绝了，所以Alia只能晚上偷偷地运书。‎ ‎44. C　她只能晚上偷偷地把这些书装到她的汽车里运出去，故选fill表示“装载”。‎ ‎45. B　战争爆发后，她的朋友们也赶来帮助她。‎ ‎46. D　根据下文知，Anis有一家餐馆，他也答应把一些书藏到他的餐馆里。agree to do表示“同意做，答应做”。‎ ‎47. B　根据语境可知，他们只能在晚上搬书，这也很好地照应了上文中的every night。‎ ‎48. C　 根据上下文可知，他们要把从图书馆里搬来的书递过高达7英尺的墙，并把它们藏在餐馆里，所以选pass表示“传递”。‎ ‎49. A　结合上题解析可知，他们把书藏到了餐馆，故选hide。‎ ‎50. C　根据语境可知，战争还在继续(continued)，而图书馆在9天后被大火烧毁。‎ ‎51. B　根据语境及上一题解析可知，图书馆被烧毁了，故选library。‎ ‎52. B　轰炸停止了，士兵们也撤出了城市，所以选soldiers。‎ ‎53. D　根据下文可知，Alia认为，要想这些书安全，必须把这些书再转移到更安全的地方。‎ ‎54. C　结合上一题解析。所以在城市安静的时候(表示没有再次发生战争的时候)，她又雇了辆卡车把书运到了郊区的朋友家。‎ ‎55. A　根据the war to end等可知，Alia在期盼和平和一座新图书馆。此处dream of表示“梦想、期盼……”。‎ 模拟新题精选 ‎1. 【广东省五校2018届高三12月联考】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ My daughter had just turned five when I took her to go grocery shopping with me one day. There on ___21___was the most beautiful toilet paper she had never seen, for it was pink. During ___22___awareness month, the toilet paper company had made their produce pink, with a part of each sale’s ___23___helping the people in need. And my daughter simply had to have it. She ___24___with her sweetest pretty pleases. Of course I___25___her request, explaining that it was pink to ___26___awareness of kindness and that ___27___of the money we were paying was going towards helping others.‎ My little girl sat in the cart, holding her package of pink toilet paper. She could not contain her ___28___and talked on and on about how___29___the rest of the family would be when she shared her ___30___with them. On the way out, she retold to the cashier everything she could remember about the___31___of the colored toilet paper. he passion spread among the other___32___, and several more packages ___33___the checkouts that morning.‎ My daughter carried the tower of toilet paper into the house herself and dragged it up stairs, which was a great ___34___considering the package stood as ___35___as she did. That evening, I walked into the bathroom to find all the rolls___36___stored in the cupboard, in the shape of a ___37___castle. She began in all seriousness as she ceremoniously(隆重地)___38___a half used white roil on the holder with a new pink one, “ ___39___ I use it, I will remember to pray for all those people who are___40___right now.”‎ ‎21. A. display B. television C. time D. purpose ‎22. A. science B. baby-care C. charity D. peace ‎23. A. goods B. procedures C. costs D. profits ‎24. A. cried B. begged C. lied D. challenged ‎25. A. refused B. ignored C. met D. avoided ‎26. A. represent B. raise C. teach D. sell ‎27. A. all B. none C. any D. some ‎28. A. excitement B. calmness C. nervousness D. patience ‎29. A. thrilled B. disappointed C. comfortable D. lucky ‎30. A. money B. idea C. treasure D. awareness ‎31. A. usage B. price C. misunderstanding D. meaning ‎32. A. families B. cashiers C. papermakers D. customers ‎33. A. got caught in B. went through C. broke into D. fell off ‎34. A. accomplishment B. independence ‎ C. responsibility D. expectation ‎35. A. large B. strong C. tall D. small ‎36. A. neatly B. disorderly C. surely D. naturally ‎37. A. lonely B. lovely C. different D. homely ‎38. A. compared B. combined C. replaced D. mixed ‎39. A. In case B. Now that C. Only it D. Every time ‎40. A. in common B. in trouble C. in practice D. in silence ‎【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. B ‎21. 考查名词辨析。A. display陈列；B. television电视；C.time时间；D. purpose目的。根据上文提到的“go grocery shopping”可推断，在那里，陈列着她从来没有看见过的最漂亮的厕纸。on display“陈列；展览”。故选A。‎ ‎22. 考查名词辨析。A. science科学；B. baby-care婴儿用品；C. charity慈善；D. peace和平。根据下文提到的“helping the people in need”可知，在慈善关怀月期间，厕纸公司把他们的产品做成粉色，利润中的一部分帮助需要帮助的人。故选C。‎ ‎23. 考查名词辨析。A. goods货物；B. procedures程序；C. costs成本；D. profits利润。根据上文提到的“sale”可推断，利润中的一部分帮助需要帮助的人。故选D。‎ ‎24. 考查动词辨析。A. cried哭泣；B. begged乞求；C. lied撒谎；D. challenged挑战。根据上文“And my daughter simply had to have it.”可知，我的女儿非常想要这种厕纸，因此她乞求我去买。故选B。‎ ‎25. 考查动词辨析。A. refused拒绝；B. ignored忽视；C. met满足；D. avoided避免。当然，我满足了她的请求，解释说它做成粉色是为了唤起人们善良的意识。故选C。‎ ‎26. 考查动词辨析。A. represent代表；B. raise唤起；C. teach教授；D. sell卖。我向女儿解释它是粉色的，是为了唤起人们善良的意识。故选B。‎ ‎27. 考查代词辨析。A. all全部；B. none没有人；C. any任何；D. some一些。根据上文“part of each sale’s ___3___helping the people in need”可推断，我们付的钱的一部分将用于帮助别人。故选D。‎ ‎28. 考查名词辨析。A. excitement兴奋；B. calmness震惊；C. nervousness紧张不安；D. patience耐心。根据下文“talked on and on”可推断，我的小女儿不能控制她的兴奋，不断的说她共享了她的珍宝与他们，这个家庭的其他人将会是多么激动。故选A。‎ ‎29. 考查形容词辨析。A. thrilled非常激动的；B. disappointed失望的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. lucky幸运的。我的小女儿不能控制她的兴奋，不断的说她共享了她的珍宝与他们，这个家庭的其他人将会是多么激动。故选A。‎ ‎30. 考查名词辨析。A. money钱；B. idea想法；C. treasure珍宝；D. awareness意识。由上文可知，我的女儿非常喜欢这种粉色厕纸，视为珍宝。故选C。‎ ‎31. 考查名词辨析。A. usage用法；B. price价格；C. misunderstanding误解；D. meaning意义。在离开时，她又给收银员讲述了她能够记得的这种彩色厕纸的意义。故选D。‎ ‎32. 考查名词辨析。A. families家庭；B. cashiers收银员；C. papermakers造纸者；D. customers消费者；顾客。根据上文提到的“I took her to go grocery shopping with me”可知，我和女儿在购物，因此推断女儿的激情传播给了其他顾客之。故选D。‎ ‎34. 考查名词辨析。A. accomplishment成就；B. independence独立；C. responsibility责任；D. expectation期待。根据下文“considering the package stood as ___15___as she did”可推断，考虑到这个包裹和她一样高，女儿把像塔一样的厕纸自己带进房子，拖到楼上，是很大的成就。故选A。‎ ‎35. 考查形容词辨析。A. large大的；B. strong强壮的；C. tall高的；D. small小的。根据上文提到的“dragged it upstairs”可推断，厕纸立起来像女儿一样高。故选C。‎ ‎36. 考查副词辨析。A. neatly整洁地；B. disorderly杂乱地；C. surely无疑；D. naturally自然地。那天晚上，我走近卫生间发现所有的卷轴整洁地保存在壁橱里，以可爱的城堡的形状。根据语境可知，这是女儿摆的，她非常喜欢这些粉色厕纸，因此推断她会把它们摆放的整齐，摆成可爱的城堡的形状。故选A。‎ ‎37. 考查形容词辨析。A. lonely孤独的；B. lovely可爱的；C. different不同的；D. homely平凡的。解析同上，那天晚上，我走近卫生间发现所有的卷轴以可爱的城堡的形状整洁地保存在壁橱里。故选B。‎ ‎38. 考查动词辨析。A. compared比较；B. combined联合；C. replaced代替；D. mixed混合。根据语境可知，女儿开始严肃隆重地用粉色的厕纸代替用了一半固定器上的白色卷。故选C。‎ ‎2. 【河北省五个一联盟2018届高三上学期第二次模拟】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ A woman professor was giving a lesson to her students on ___21___ management. As she raised a glass of water, everyone in the class ___22___ they would be asked the “half-empty or half-full” question.___23___, that was not the case. With a smile on her face, she asked the students, “How much do you think this glass of water weighs?”‎ Answers called out ___24___ from eight to twenty ounces (盎司).‎ She quieted the students down and then replied, “The absolute weight doesn’t ___25___. But ‎ it counts how long you hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I will have an ache in my ___26___. If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb. In each case, the ___27___ of the glass of water doesn’t change, but the ___28___ I hold it, the heavier it becomes. Why?”‎ Lost in ___29___, all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully.‎ ‎“Our stresses and ___30___ in life are like that glass of water. If we ___31___ our burdens all the time, sooner or later, we will feel exhausted, even unable to ___32___.”‎ ‎___33___ you have to do is put all your burdens down, as ___34___ in the evening as possible. Don’t carry them through the evening into the night; by doing this, we can get ___35___ next morning and are ___36___ to move forward.‎ More often than not, life gets terrible when we ___37___ too much. And the moment you ___38___ your burdens, you’ll find yourself feeling so much more relaxed.‎ So rather than being upset and feeling ___39___ for yourself, start doing something about it. After all, life is too short to ___40___ yourself to anything that is not making you happy.‎ ‎21. A. class B. emotion C. time D. stress ‎22. A. wondered B. expected C. agreed D. argued ‎23. A. However B. Meanwhile C. Anyhow D. Therefore ‎24. A. ranged B. replied C. read D. exchanged ‎25. A. exist B. change C. mater D. increase ‎26. A. head B. arm C. leg D. stomach ‎27. A. shape B. position C. weight D. size ‎28. A. better B. deeper C. longer D. further ‎29. A. fantasy B. thought C. dreams D. discussion ‎30. A. doubts B. joys C. surprises D. worries ‎31. A. cover B. carry C. hide D. show ‎32. A. pick up B. work out C. carry on D. catch on ‎33. A. Something B. All C. Nothing D. Anything ‎34. A. eagerly B. naturally C. quickly D. early ‎35. A. refreshed B. entertained C. depressed D. amazed ‎36. A. able B. anxious C. passive D. ambitious ‎37. A. fear B. think C. rest D. get ‎38. A. catch up with B. look down on C. 1et go of D. put up with ‎39. A. happy B. sorry C. disappointed D. greedy ‎40. A. help B. treat C. drive D. abandon ‎【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. D ‎【解析】本文通过女教授让学生观察一杯水的重量的事例告诉读者：我们只有卸下压力和负担，才能活得更轻松。‎ ‎21. D 考查名词。由Our stresses and ___10___ in life are like that glass of water.可知一位女教授正在给她的学生上压力管理课。class 课， emotion 情感， time时间， stress压力。‎ ‎23. A 考查连词。每个人都预料会被问到“杯子是半空还是半满”的问题。然而，教授面带微笑问道：“这杯水有多重？” However 然而， Meanwhile 同时，Anyhow 无论如何，Therefore因此。‎ ‎24. A 考查动词。根据下文from eight to twenty ounces (盎司).可知喊出的答案在8到20盎司内变动。ranged在……内变动，replied 回答， read 阅读，exchanged 交换。‎ ‎25. C 考查动词。由But it counts how long you hold it.可知这杯水的实重并不重要。是否觉得水重，取决于你花多长时间端着这杯水。exist 存在， change改变，matter 重要，increase增加。‎ ‎26. B 考查名词。由If I hold it for a day, my arm will feel numb.可知此处指的是胳膊会疼。head 头， arm胳膊， leg腿，stomach胃。‎ ‎27. C 考查名词。在不同情况下，这杯水的重量并没有改变，但是“我”举的时间越长，它就会变得越重。shape形状，position 位置， weight 重量， size尺寸。‎ ‎28. C 考查语义理解。在不同情况下，这杯水的重量并没有改变，但是“我”举的时间越长，它就会变得越重。better 更好，deeper 更深， longer 更长，further更远。‎ ‎29. B 考查固定短语。由all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully.可知此处句意为学生们都陷入了沉思，lost in thought陷入沉思，是固定短语。‎ ‎30. D考查名词。我们生活中的压力和担心就像那杯水。doubts 怀疑，joys 快乐， surprises 惊奇， worries担心。‎ ‎31. B考查动词。如果我们一直背负着这样沉重的负担，迟早，我们会感到筋疲力尽，甚至无法继续下去。cover 覆盖，carry背负， hide 隐藏， show显示。‎ ‎32. C考查动词短语。如果我们一直背负着这样沉重的负担，迟早，我们会感到筋疲力尽，甚至无法继续下去。pick up 捡起，work out 解决， carry on 继续，catch on明白。‎ ‎33. B考查代词。你所需要做的就是卸下全部的压力。Something 某事， All 全部，Nothing 无事， Anything任何事。‎ ‎34. D 考查副词。由Don’t carry them through the evening into the night可知尽可能早地卸下压力，不要拖得特别晚，甚至到深夜。eagerly 渴望地， naturally 自然地，quickly 迅速地， early提早。 ‎ ‎35. A 考查语义理解。通过这样做，我们第二天早上可以重新振作精神，继而能继续前行。refreshed重新振作精神， entertained 娱乐， depressed 沮丧， amazed吃惊。‎ ‎36. A 考查固定用法。通过这样做，我们第二天早上可以重新振作精神，继而能继续前行。be able to能够做某事，是固定用法。‎ ‎37. B考查动词。通常，我们想的太多时，生活会变得很糟糕。fear 害怕， think 想，rest 休息，get得到。‎ ‎38. C考查动词短语。你松手放开压力的那一刻，你会发现自己是如此地放松。catch up with 赶上， look down on看不起，let go of松手放开，put up with忍受、忍耐。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎1.上下文对照，捕捉关键词。‎ 解完型填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。‎ ‎2.结合生活，利用常识解题。‎ 目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。‎ ‎3. 【河南省中原名校（即豫南九校）2018届高三第二次质量考评】‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ I had just arrived in this Asian country for a one-year teaching position. One day, I took the subway to visit some ancient palaces and temples in the downtown. The following account of what happened to me has taught me much about culture____21____.‎ Since all the ___22___were taken, I stood. Suddenly, I felt someone pulling on my bag.___23___I probably was in someone’s way, I moved over slightly. But in one quick motion(动作), I felt my bag removed from my back, and in a flash it was ___24___. I turned around to see who the thief was, I looked at the people standing behind me, but didn’t see my bag or anyone___25___. My heart sank and I began to___26___ .‎ I glanced around the car only to find directly across from me was an elderly lady, and sitting on her lap was my ___27___. I tired to get it back from her lap. But as I began to ___28___it up, she quickly grabbed(抓住)it back and held onto it. I looked around at the people standing beside me, and those sitting beside her, but no one took any___29___of the situation. Trying not to cause a(an) ___30___ , I tried to negotiate through gestures. I used my hands as best as I could, but she ___31___my requests for my bag and pointed to my back. She picked up my bag, showing how___32___ it was. I finally began to understand. She was holding my bag to___33___ me.‎ At the next stop, a middle-aged woman got on the crowded subway. Another elderly woman sitting down took her bag, ___34___ it on her lap. They didn’t talk; ___35___this older woman was more than pleased to sit with this stranger’s bag on her lap throughout her journey.‎ As the subway pulled into the main downtown station and I was getting ready to get off, the woman ___36___handed me back my bag. But___37___ I had a chance to thank her, she had disappeared into the crowd.‎ Sadly, this considerate custom was more ___38___to me than if I had been robbed. Everyone back home had heard of being robbed-that was___39___city behavior-but having a stranger hold onto someone’s bag out of ___40___, in a city of twelve million people—that was truly unusual.‎ ‎21. A. loss B. difference C. cause D. aim ‎22. A. seats B. cars C. buses D. stations ‎23. A. Deciding B. Expecting C. Admitting D. Assuming ‎24. A. broken B. gone C. opened D. emptied ‎25. A. dangerous B. nervous C. cautious D. suspicious ‎26. A. scream B. panic C. leave D. regret ‎27. A. book B. money C. bag D. map ‎28. A. bring B. pull C. check D. wrap ‎29. A. advantage B. charge C. notice D. photo ‎30. A. scene B. attack C. accident D. change ‎31. A. received B. handled C. ignored D. considered ‎32. A. heavy B. useful C. small D. special ‎33. A. remind B. tease C. warm D. help ‎34. A. dropping B. tapping C. setting D. closing ‎35. A. or B. so C. because D. yet ‎36. A. gently B. gratefully C. angrily D. anxiously ‎37. A. before B. once C. until D. while ‎38. A. amusing B. surprising C. annoying D. disappointing ‎39. A. practical B. harmful C. usual D. suitable ‎40. A. curiosity B. pity C. desperation D. kindness ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D ‎22. 考查名词。根据I stood. 可知所有的座位都被占了。seats 座位， cars 汽车， buses 公共汽车， stations车站， 所以选A。‎ ‎23. 考查非谓语动词。根据I moved over slightly. 可知这里意思是我认为我可能挡住了别人的路。Deciding 决定， Expecting 期待，Admitting 承认， Assuming认为，所以选D。‎ ‎24. 考查固定用法。根据I turned around to see who the thief was, 可知这里意思是一瞬间它就不见了。be gone 不见了，消失了，所以选B。‎ ‎25. 考查形容词。句意：我看着站在我后边的人，但是没有看见我的包，也没有看见任何可疑的人。dangerous 危险的，nervous 紧张不安的， cautious 谨慎的， suspicious可疑的， 所以选D。‎ ‎26. 考查动词。句意：我感到沮丧，并且开始恐慌。scream 尖叫，panic 恐慌， leave 离开，regret 后悔， 所以选B。‎ ‎27. 考查名词。根据I looked at the people standing behind me, but didn’t see my bag or anyone___5___. 可知这里意思是我看到一位上了年纪的妇女，坐在她膝盖上的正是我的包。book 书，money 钱， bag 包， map地图，所以选C。‎ ‎28. 考查动词。根据she quickly grabbed(抓住)it back and held onto it. 可知这里意思是但是当我想拉回我的包时。bring带来，pull 拉， check 检查， wrap包，所以选B。‎ ‎29. 考查固定短语。句意：但是没有任何人注意到这种情况。take notice of 是固定用法，意思是注意到，所以选C。‎ ‎30. 考查名词。根据I tried to negotiate through gestures. 可知这里意思是尽量不引起别人的注意。scene 场面，attack 攻击， accident 事故， change改变，所以选A。‎ ‎31. 考查动词。句意：但是她忽略了我要求归还我的包的请求，而是指向我的后背。received 收到， handled 处理， ignored 忽略， considered考虑，所以选C。‎ ‎32. 考查形容词。根据I finally began to understand. She was holding my bag to___13___ me. 可知这里意思是她捡起我的包，展示它有多重。heavy 沉重的，useful 有用的， small 小的，special特别的，所以选A。‎ ‎33. 考查动词。句意：她拿着我的包，是在帮助我。remind 提醒， tease 取笑， warm 使……温暖，help帮助， 所以选D。‎ ‎34. 考查非谓语动词。句意：另外一个坐着的上了年纪的妇女拿着她的包，把它放在她的膝盖上。dropping 落下，tapping 轻敲，setting 放置，closing关闭， 所以选C。‎ ‎35. 考查连词。句意：然而这位上了年纪的妇女更愿意在旅途中把陌生人的包放在自己的腿上。or 或者， so 所以， because 因为， yet然而，所以选D。‎ ‎36. 考查副词。句意：这位妇女轻轻地把包还给我。gently 轻轻地， gratefully 感激地， angrily 生气地，anxiously忧虑地，所以选A。‎ ‎37. 考查连词。句意：但是我还没来得及感谢她，她就消失在人群中了。before 在……之前， once 一旦， until 直到，while 然而，所以选A。‎ ‎4. 【山西省、河南省2018届高三上学期阶段性测评（四）晋豫省际大联考】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ The Moment of Truth ‎"This is Ms. Hill." Mr. Lopez told the volunteers at the animal shelter. “Ms. Hill is a reporter. She is here to___21___ a story on the shelter for the newspaper. Emi, I’d like you to be in the photograph. You have____22____the most hours this month.”‎ Emi opened her mouth to murmur something but quickly closed it. Emi asked Carmen, her best friend, to take her ___23___those days because she had to practices softball. Carmen’s picture should be in the newspaper.____24____, Carmen decided not to say anything, because she didn’t want to____25____Emi.‎ Just then a(n)____26____sound came from the cat Room. Everyone_____27_____in to see what had happened. A dirty cat named Jack was standing in front of a cage which____28____a female cat and her babies. Jack was sounding ____29____at the mother cat. Protecting her babies, the mother cat_____30_____fiercely.‎ Mr. Lopez quickly picked Jack up and_____31_____him into his own cage. Afraid for her babies, the mother cat still stood with her fur straight ____32____. Red-faced, Mr. Lopez checked the volunteer_____33_____on the wall and asked, “Emi, it’s your_____34_____to feed the cats today, right? Did you forget to lock Jack’s cage?” Emi thought that Carmen____35____have forgotten to lock Jack’s cage, so she said, “Uh…, I guess I did forget. I’m very sorry.” Carmen couldn’t let her friend take the____36____for something she had done. “Mr. Lopez,” she_____37_____. “I’m the one who forgot to lock Jack’s cage.”‎ Emi told Mr. Lopez the truth and_____38_____taking Carmen’s picture for the newspaper story. Mr. Lopez said with a smile, “I think both of you have learned_____39_____about telling the truth. Why don’t we_____40_____pictures of both of you in the newspaper? By the way, please remember ‎ to lock all the animal cages from now on.”‎ ‎21. A. tell B. write C. make up D. set up ‎22. A. explored B. wasted C. volunteered D. performed ‎23. A. measure B. chance C. place D. time ‎24. A. However B. Thus C. Therefore D. Instead ‎25. A. support B. disturb C. annoy D. embarrass ‎26. A. gentle B. unique C. unforgettable D. terrible ‎27. A. marched B. rushed C. came D. stepped ‎28. A. housed B. fed C. protected D. put ‎29. A. angrily B. noisily C. merrily D. surprisingly ‎30. A. moved back B. fought back C. held back D. came back ‎31. A. forced B. led C. placed D. chased ‎32. A. backward B. forward C. down D. up ‎33. A. form B. schedule C. notice D. sign ‎34. A. turn B. idea C. request D. dream ‎35. A. should B. could C. must D. would ‎36. A. lead B. duty C. apology D. blame ‎37. A. spoke up B. stood up C. lit up D. shouted out ‎38. A. admitted B. delayed C. continued D. suggested ‎39. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing ‎40. A. declare B. include C. send D. describe ‎【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. B ‎【解析】本文是发生在动物收容所里的故事。志愿者Carmen忘记锁一只猫的笼子，让它到处乱跑，这名志愿者最后勇敢地承认错误。Mr. Lopez认为Emi和Jack都说了实话，决定把她们俩的照片和故事都登在报纸上。‎ ‎21. B 考查动词。A. tell 告诉； B. write 写； C. make up 组成，编造； D. set up建立。她来这里写一篇关于报纸庇护的报道。此处是动词不定式做目的状语，故选B。‎ ‎22. C ‎23. C 考查名词。A. measure测量； B. chance 机会； C. place 地方； D. time时间。Emi请她最好的朋友Carmen代替她去那几天，因为她必须练习垒球。故选C。take one’s place代替某人的位置。‎ ‎24. A 考查副词。A. However 然而； B. Thus 因此； C. Therefore 因此； D. Instead反而。Carmen的照片应该是在报纸上，然而，Carmen决定什么也不说，因为她不想让Emi难堪。故选A。‎ ‎25. D 考查动词。A. support 支持； B. disturb干扰； C. annoy 烦恼； D. embarrass使尴尬。然而，Carmen决定什么也不说，因为她不想让Emi难堪。故选D。‎ ‎26. D 考查形容词。A. gentle 温柔的； B. unique 独一无二的； C. unforgettable难忘的； D. terrible可怕的。就在这时，猫房发出可怕的声音。故选D。‎ ‎27. B 考查动词。A. marched前进； B. rushed 急忙； C. came 来； D. stepped行走。每个人都急忙冲进去看发生了什么事情。故选B。‎ ‎28. A 考查动词。A. housed 给---提供住房，安置； B. fed 喂养； C. protected 保护； D. put放。一只名叫杰克的脏兮兮的猫站在笼子前，笼子里住着一只母猫和她的幼崽。故选A。‎ ‎29. A 考查副词。A. angrily 生气地； B. noisily 吵闹地； C. merrily愉快地； D. surprisingly令人惊讶地。杰克对母猫的反应很奇怪。故选A。‎ ‎30. B 考查动词词组。A. moved back 退缩； B. fought back 回击； C. held back 隐瞒； D. came back回来。保护幼崽，母猫猛烈回击。故选B。‎ ‎31. C 考查动词。A. forced 强迫； B. led 引领； C. placed安置； D. chased追捕。Mr. Lopez和快把Jack抓起，把它放在自己的笼子里。故选C。‎ ‎32. D 考查副词。A. backward 向后； B. forward 向前； C. down 向下； D. up向上。害怕她的孩子受伤，那只母猫仍然站着，毛发耸立。故选D。‎ ‎33. B 考查名词。A. form形式，表格； B. schedule时间表； C. notice 通知； D. sign迹象，符号。红着脸，Mr. Lopez核对墙上自愿者时间表。故选B。‎ ‎34. A 考查名词。A. turn轮次，转弯，变化； B. idea 主意； C. request请求； D. dream梦想。Emi,，今天轮到你喂猫了，是吗？固定句式：It’s one’s turn to do sth.现在轮到某人做某事。故选A。‎ ‎35. C ‎36. D 考查名词。A. lead 领导； B. duty 职责； C. apology 道歉； D. blame责备。Carmen不能让她的朋友因为她做的事而受到责备。blame for因---而受到责备，故选D。‎ ‎37. A 考查动词词组。A. spoke up大声地说； B. stood up 站起； C. lit up 点燃； D. shouted out突然呼喊。根据上文Carmen couldn’t let her friend take the____16____for something she had done.可知，她大声地说，“Mr. Lopez,我就是那个忘记锁猫笼子的人”，故选A。‎ ‎38. D 考查动词。A. admitted 承认； B. delayed拖延； C. continued 继续； D. suggested建议。Emi 告诉Mr. Lopez 这个事实，并建议把Carmen的照片作为报纸的故事。故选D。‎ ‎39. C ‎40. B 考查动词。A. declare宣布； B. include 包括； C. send发送； D. describe描述。我们为什么不在报纸上加上你们俩的照片呢？根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎5. 【山西省45校2018届高三第一次联考】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ In elementary school, I was living with my parents and my brother in a rented apartment in New York City. At the time, I never thought of myself as comfortable or ___21___ —it was just the way life was.‎ Everything ___22___ before I started the sixth grade. Our landlord (房东) kicked us out ___23___ notice. My family had to ___24___ to the Life Family Shelter. We had a private room to sleep in at the shelter, which housed 90 ___25___, but it was a quarter of the size of our ___26___ living space, so we always ___27___ crowded.‎ I didn’t fully understand what was happening, but after a few weeks, it ___28___ sank in: I was homeless. I felt so ___29___ that I didn’t tell anyone at school. I felt like I could never truly be myself and open up to friends, because I carried around this secret. It was a ___30___ time.‎ The only good part about living in the shelter was that I got to go to a(n) ___31___ program that was run by the Coalition for the Homeless. It was a quiet place where I could do my ___32___ or arts.‎ After three years, my parents finally ___33___ affordable housing. I was so excited. We have two bedrooms and one bathroom that we don’t have to ___34___ with strangers. It’s so nice to have ___35___ again. It’s funny — you don’t realize how valuable something is until you are ___36___ to live without it.‎ Last April, I started feeling different about my ___37___ being homeless. For the first time, I didn’t feel ashamed. I decided that it was time to tell my ___38___ Jason. He was shocked. ___39___, he was supportive and didn’t treat me any differently.‎ I also started volunteering at the after-school program because I want to help other kids who are ___40___ the same thing as I did.‎ ‎21. A. curious B. unafraid C. happy D. confident ‎22. A. happened B. changed C. appeared D. exchanged ‎23. A. without B. along C. within D. beyond ‎24. A. occur B. appeal C. belong D. move ‎25. A. families B. classes C. teams D. grades ‎26. A. new B. simple C. small D. old ‎27. A. seemed B. felt C. looked D. became ‎28. A. gradually B. really C. immediately D. finally ‎29. A. tired B. confused C. embarrassed D. surprised ‎30. A. lonely B. guilty C. slow D. quiet ‎31. A. adventurous B. after-school C. real-life D. personal ‎32. A. homework B. job C. dream D. housework ‎33. A. recognized B. created C. found D. explored ‎34. A. agree B. communicate C. share D. compete ‎35. A. freedom B. wealth C. fame D. privacy ‎36. A. forced B. attracted C. persuaded D. ordered ‎37. A. story B. background C. experience D. introduction ‎38. A. father B. brother C. relative D. friend ‎39. A. However B. Therefore C. After all D. Moreover ‎40. A. seeing through B. going through C. going around D. looking through ‎【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. A 40. B ‎【解析】本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己无家可归时的经历和心路历程。‎ ‎21. 考查形容词辨析。句意：我从不认为自己的舒适或快乐只是生活方式。curious 好奇的；unafraid 不害怕的；happy快乐的；confident自信的。根据“comfortable”舒适的，可知应与该词并列，意思相近。根据题意，故选C。‎ ‎22. 考查动词辨析。句意：在我六年级的时候一切都变了。happened 发生；changed 改变；appeared出现；exchanged交换。根据“Our landlord (房东) kicked us out ___3___ notice.”我们的房东在没有任何通知的情况下将我们赶出了租住地。可知生活发生改变。根据题意，故选B。‎ ‎23. 考查介词辨析。句意：我们的房东在没有任何通知的情况下将我们赶出了租住地。without 没有；along沿着，顺着；within在内；beyond超过。根据“My family had to ___4___ to the Life Family Shelter.”我的家庭不得不移居到家庭避难所。可推断房东没有预先通知（notice）就把作者一家赶了出去。根据题意，故选A。‎ ‎24. 考查动词辨析。句意：我们一家人不得不搬到庇护所。occur 发生；appeal 要求，求助于；belong属于；move移动。occur to 发生在，被想起；appeal to向…呼吁; 对…有吸引力；belong to属于；move ‎ to移到。根据题意，故选D。‎ ‎27. 考查动词辨析。句意：但这只是我们原来居住空间的四分之一，所以我们总是感到很拥挤。seemed 似乎，好像；felt 感觉；looked 看；became成为。根据题意，故选B。‎ ‎28. 考查副词辨析。句意：几周后，我终于明白了。gradually 逐渐地；really 实际上；immediately立刻，马上；finally终于。根据“I didn’t fully understand what was happening,”我不完全明白发生了什么。可知几周后，作者终于明白。根据题意，故选D。‎ ‎29. 考查形容词辨析。句意：我觉得很尴尬，没有告诉学校里任何人。tired 累的；confused 迷惑的；embarrassed 尴尬的；surprised吃惊的。作者为自己无家可归感到尴尬。根据题意，故选C。‎ ‎30. 考查形容词辨析。句意：那是一段寂寞的时光。lonely 孤单的；guilty有罪的；slow 慢的；quiet清净的。根据“I felt like I could never truly be myself and open up to friends, because I carried around this secret.” 我觉得我永远不能真正地做自己，向朋友敞开大门，因为我随身携带着这个秘密。可知作者无法向朋友们敞开心扉，故作者感到孤独。根据题意，故选A。‎ ‎31. 考查形容词辨析。句意：住在避难所的唯一好处是，我得去参加一个由无家可归者联盟举办的课后活动。adventurous 爱冒险的，大胆的；after-school课外的； real-life 实在的，现实的；personal个人的，私人的。根据题意，故选B。‎ ‎32. 考查名词辨析。句意：住在避难所的唯一好处是，我得去参加一个由无家可归者联盟举办的课后活动。homework 作业；job工作；dream梦想；housework家务。根据题意，故选A。‎ ‎33. 考查动词辨析。句意：三年后，我父母终于找到了经济适用房。recognized 认为；created创造的；found 发现；explored勘查，探索。根据题意，故选C。‎ ‎34. 考查动词辨析。句意：我们有两间卧室和一间浴室，我们不必与陌生人共用。agree 同意；communicate 交流，交际；share分享；compete竞争，竞赛。根据“We have two bedrooms and one bathroom”，可知我们有两间卧室和一间浴室不用与陌生人分享了。根据题意，故选C。‎ ‎35. 考查名词辨析。句意：再次拥有隐私真是太好了。freedom 自由；wealth 财产，财富；fame 名声，声望； privacy隐私，私事。有了自己的家，作者与家人又可以有自己的隐私了。根据题意，故选D。‎ ‎36. 考查动词辨析。句意：有趣的是你没有意识到有什么价值，直到你被迫离开它而生活。forced 强迫，促使；attracted ‎ 吸引；persuaded说服；ordered命令。根据上文作者一家的遭遇被房东赶出租住地。根据题意，故选A。‎ ‎38. 考查名词辨析。句意：我决定是时候告诉我的朋友杰森了。father 父亲；brother 兄弟；relative亲戚； friend朋友。根据上文“I felt like I could never truly be myself and open up to friends, because I carried around this secret.” 我觉得我永远不能真正地做自己，向朋友敞开大门，因为我随身携带着这个秘密。可知此时作者决定向朋友敞开心扉。根据题意，故选D。‎ ‎39. 考查副词辨析。句意：然而，他支持我，没有对我有任何不同。However然而；Therefore因此；After all毕竟； Moreover而且，此外。前后为转折关系。根据题意，故选A。‎ ‎40. 考查动词短语辨析。句意我也开始在课外活动中做志愿者，因为我想帮助其他和我经历过同样事情的孩子。：seeing through 看穿，拆穿；going through通过；going around 参观；looking through仔细检查。根据题意。故选B。‎