2019届高考完形填空解题技巧课件（19张）

2019届高考完形填空解题技巧课件（19张）

cloze 2019 届高考 完形填空 解题技巧 一、完形填空的起源与运用 完形填空法（ the close procedure ） 的产生与格式塔 心理学（ Gestalt psychology ）有着密切的关系。格 式塔心理学特别注重作为整体的经验模式（ Gestalt psychology is especially concerned with patterns of experience as wholes. ）。 它强调：不能通过对各部分的分析来认识整体。 要理解整体的全部性质，就必须“自上而下”地分 析整体结构到各个组成部分的特性。 完形填空题的创始人： 威尔逊 · 泰勒（ Wilson Taylor ） “ 完形填空并不直接涉及特定的意思。它只 是反复地从两种语言模式的相似之处取样： 一种是写的人表达自己的思想的语言模式， 另一种是反映读的人根据自己的理解作出的 猜测的语言模式。 ” 二、完形填空题的解题方法 完形填空题是测试话语水平的题型。根据完 形填空法的基本理论，我国在高考 NMET 的 测试中使用完形填空题的主要目的在于考察 考生的短文阅读理解能力。 威尔逊 · 泰勒说：“完形填空所涉及的是一系 列与上下文相联系的空白， 而不是孤立的 空白。” 跳过空格，通读全文， 把握大意 再读全文，反复检查 结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案 瞻前顾后，先易后难， 个个击破 完形填空的解题总则 把握整体 具体分析 四 . 完形填空的解题方法 １．充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。 2. 注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名 词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容 选择正确的短语。 3. 注意同义词的辨义 ４ . 根据动作的发出者确定所选的词 5. 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 6. 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项 7 . 根据作者的态度，观点，情绪来确定相关选项 １．充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。 完形填空 解题技巧 １． The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. ２１ springs and streams sometimes means control, particularly in the 22 areas like the desert. 21 ． A ． Using B ． Holding C ． Owning D ． Finding 22 ． A ． dry B ． distant C ． deserted D ． wild ２． The 33 water supply forecast is based more on the water from the 34 than from the below. 33 ． A ． correct B ． further C ． average 　 D ． early 34 ． A ． clouds B ． sky C ． air D ． above ３． In 1964 Shirley graduated from Gallaudet and looked for _44_.She wanted to be _45_ and work full time. 　 44.A.information 　 B.help 　 C.a job 　 D.an assistant 　 45.A.happy B.independent C.free 　 D.confident １．充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用 的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。 4. The stone men face 41, rather than out to sea, and their eyes are focused upon the sky. 41. A. forward B. outward C. onward D. inward 5.The art experts who work at the gallery say they used modern chemistry technology to 45 the paint on the picture. These checks found traces( 痕迹 ) of paint deep in the picture 46 about 1814. 45. A. try B. remove C. wash D. check A. looking back B. dating from C. getting along D. starting with 2. 注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名 词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容 选择正确的短语。 １ .He’d 　 36 　 his life brewing beer for local breweries only to make a living, 　 37 　 had his father and grand － father before him. 36 ． A. cost 　 B. spent 　 C. take 　 D. paid 　 37 ． A. like 　 B. as if 　　 C. so 　　 D. nor ２ .I called my beer Samuel Adams, 　 51 　 the brewer and patriot （爱国者） who helped to start the Boston Tea party. 51 　 A. for 　　 B. at 　　 C. in 　　　　 D. after 2. 注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名 词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容 选择正确的短语。 ３． He didn’t hear the bell for he was completely 　 in reading the newspaper. A. interested B centered C addicted D absorbed 3. 注意同义词的辨义 1.Her face was familiar to me, but I could not 8. r_______ where and how I had seen her. 2.All at once I 10. r_______ where I had seen her. 3.Then I explained that I had 13. r________ her from the photo I found in the purse . emeber ealized ecognized 4.Since their 43, these huge stone men 44 one of the greatest mysteries of all time. Who built them? 43. A. looking B. invention C. discovery D. covering 44. A. have happened B. have led to C. have taken place D. have created 3. 注意同义词的辨义 5.The trainer 　 44 　 it was useless trying to finish. He called to Trudy to 　 45 　 . 44 ． A. thought B. considered C. decided D. felt 　　 45 ． A. keep up B. slow down C. give up D. take a rest 6.The forest began to disappear, which 53 all the animals dying out. 53. A. resulted in B. resulted from C. created D. lay in ４ . 根据动作的发出者确定所选的词 1) And video cameras can be used to ______ people's actions at home. A. keep B. make C. record D. watch 2) The watch, which Mrs Smith had ______ on the table as she started her lecture, disappeared. A. seen B. dropped C. found D. laid 3) When the papers were ______ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test. A. collected B. completed C. marked D. answered 5. 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项 1.The explorers found that the island had good soil 37 the 200 natives living there survived with little food. 37. A. and B. but C. however D. still 2.Her father had 　 36 　 her two things. One was not to pull her out of the water 　 37 　 she asked. 36 ． A. given B. refused C. allowed D. promised 　　 37 ． A. as B. unless C. even if D. when 3.So, at 24 I decided to drop out. 　 42 　 , my parents didn’t think this was a great idea. 42 ． A. Fortunately B. Obviously C. Possibly D. Properly 6. 根据生活常识以及相关知识确定选项 1.in 1967 she was asked to work at Gallaudet University as a dorm supervisor( 宿舍监管员 ). Shirley supervised young women who _47_ in the university during the school year. 47. A. worked B. studied C. lived D. played 2.Interest is 35 in the ways to increase rainfall by man-made methods, and to get water from the winter snow on mountain 36 . 35 ． A ． raising B ． rising C ． building D ． lasting 36 ． A ． rocks B ． tips C ． cops D ． trees 7 . 根据作者的 态度，观点，情绪 来确定相关选项 １． Life is very 　 55 　 , so don’t rush to make decisions. Life doesn’t let you plan. 55 ． A. hard 　　 B. busy 　　　 C. short 　　　 D. long ２． Dr. Shirley Jeanne Allen has traveled many roads and _54_ many rainbows searching for her dream. With courage and _55_, she never gave up. 54.A.found B. watched 　　 C. followed D. appreciated 55.A.determination 　 B. intelligence C. strength D. pride ３． This is 39 the most important character of creative 　 people is a very strong 40 to find a way out of trouble. 39 ． A ． why B ． for C ． how D ． because 40 ． A ． desire B ． inspire C ． influence D ． attitude 4. “Well, Pop, ”she said to her father. “I 　 55 　 I get my car this time, don’t I?” 55 ． A. demand B. am afraid C. hope D. guess 7 . 根据作者的 态度，观点，情绪 来确定相关选项 文章首句要重视，全篇理解有启示。 记叙体裁为主体，通读全文明意旨。 填空多是实意词，四个选项巧设计， 词类范畴必同一。确定最佳靠逻辑， 字里行间找信息。个别填空借常识， 相近词义细辨析，习惯用法靠记忆， 复读反思再核实。 Tips