高考英语必修1：Nelson Mandela- reading学案（新人教版必修1）

高考英语必修1：Nelson Mandela- reading学案（新人教版必修1）

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela Reading Ⅰ.Find the expressions on the right that mean the same as the left. ‎ ‎1 equal a. money paid for going to school ‎2 fee b. the same in size, number, value, rank, etc.‎ ‎3 vote c. rough treatment; use of physical force on others ‎4 guidance ‎ d. not have a job ‎5 violence e. an act of making a choice on a matter by means of voting ‎ ‎6 out of work f. help and advice given to someone Ⅱ.Fast reading ‎1.True or False questions.‎ ‎（ ） (1)Elias met Nelson Mandela at school.‎ ‎（ ） (2)Nelson Mandela was a black lawyer.‎ ‎（ ） (3)Elias was unable to read or write because he was lazy.‎ ‎（ ） (4)Nelson Mandela helped him keep his job.‎ ‎（ ） (5)Elias was happy blowing up government buildings.‎ ‎（ ） (6)Nelson Mandela believed that black people were being treated as well as white people in South Africa.‎ ‎（ ） (7) Nelson Mandela thought violence was a good way to help black people.‎ ‎（ ） (8) The government was happy with Nelson Mandela and the ANC.‎ ‎2. Read again and find how many parts can the text be divided into? Give the general idea of each part. （3 minutes）‎ part Paragraph Main idea ‎1‎ ‎2‎ ‎…‎ ‎3. Detailed reading. Answer the following questions.‎ ‎(1). Why did Elias support Nelson Mandela?‎ ‎____________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ (2). what problems did the black people like Elias have?‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ (3). Why did he support violence when he did not agree with it?‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4. Find out all the attributive clauses in Reading，and underline them using your pen.‎ ‎5. Retell the passage with the help of the following hints:‎ Elias Elias’ time black worker life for the blacks South Africa‎ hard rights little education choose unequally difficulties ANC Youth League at the age of 12 equal rights join Mandela peaceful way with sb’s help law not allow moved violence with violence kindness dream ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ LANGUAGE POINTS ‎1. quality n. 质量（ 不可数 ） (人的)品质；特性（ 可数 ）‎ The products of their factory are all of good quality and so the supply fails to meet the demand every year.‎ One quality of this plastic is that it is almost unbreakable .‎ ‎※quantity 量 a large /small quantity of ‎ ‎ large /great quantities of ‎（以上两词组后加可数名词复数和不可数名词都可以，谓语动词取决于quantity的形式)‎ Quantities of water are in the glass.‎ A large quantity of water is in the glass.‎ Quantities of books are on the desk.‎ A quantity of books is on the desk.‎ ‎2. mean adj.吝啬的 ， 自私的，卑鄙的 ‎ be mean to sb 对某人吝啬，自私，卑鄙 ‎ It is mean of sb to do sth 某人做---真卑鄙 ‎ be mean with/over/about sth 对---很吝啬 eg. He is mean to everyone.‎ ‎ It is mean of you to tease her. ‎ ‎ He is mean about money .‎ ‎※means n. 手段，方法 ‎ mean vt. 意指， 意味着，意思是 meaning n. 意思，意义,含义 ‎ mean to do sth .打算 mean doing sth . 意味着 ‎3. active adj 积极的,活跃的 actively inactively activity ‎ be active in 在----方面很积极活跃 ‎ take an active part in 积极参加----‎ eg. He is active in sports.‎ ‎ She used to take an active part in physical labor.‎ ‎4 generous adj 慷慨的 大方的 ‎ be generous to do sth 做某事很慷慨，大方 ‎ be generous with 对----慷慨，大方 eg. Your uncle is very generous to buy that car for you.‎ ‎ He is generous with his money.‎ ‎5. devote vt ‎ ‎ devote＋名 ＋to 名 奉献（人生，时间，劳力等）于--， 把---致力 于，专用于 eg.He devoted his life to promoting world peace.‎ He devoted his life to the promotion of world peace. ‎ devoted adj 忠实的，深爱的 be devoted to 对---忠实，对---深爱 a devoted friend ‎ She is devoted to her husband.‎ ‎6.die for 为----而死 ‎ ‎ be dying for （口语）渴望，很想 He was dying for a drink.‎ ‎ be dying to do 很想做，渴望做 She is dying to see you.‎ ‎ be dying to go abroad ‎7.fight for 为事业，自由，权利，真理而战 fight against 为反对---而斗争;与---搏斗/对抗 ‎ fight with a. 与----并肩作战 b. fight against ‎ ‎ They are fighting for liberation.‎ They fought with the Italians in the last war and against them in this.‎ They fought___________________the enemy fiercely.‎ He fought ________________ cancer and lived to be eighty. ‎ The soldiers fought bravely _______ the enemy ___ the liberation ____ their comrades.‎ ‎8 free from 摆脱（不好的东西）的；无------的 ‎ free------from 使------摆脱，免除 ‎ a sentence free from mistakes ‎ They freed the birds from the cages.‎ ‎9.put sb. in (into) prison把……关进监狱 throw sb. into prison= send /take sb. to prison prison表示蹲监狱时, 其前不用冠词 be sent to prison (被送进监狱)‎ be in prison (被监禁)‎ be thrown into prison (被投入监狱)‎ break prison (越狱)‎ He has been in prison for 20 years . ‎ The man was put in prison for stealing a car. ‎ Anyone who breaks the law should be thrown into prison. ‎ They all went to the prison to visit the prisoners. ‎ 类似: bed, church, class, college, hospital, school, university, market ‎10. be out of work= lose one’s job = be unemployed失业, 没有工作 His mother has been out of work for half a year. ‎ in work 有工作 Is her husband in work? ‎ ‎※out of 意为“在…之外”,“向…外”;表示失去,没有,用完;不再处于某种状况。反义词为into或in。‎ 翻译 ‎ The little boy ran out of the room. ‎ He took my books out of my schoolbag. ‎ Don’t run into the room. ‎ Can you put your raincoat in your pocket? ‎ 类似短语 out of breath 上气不接下气 out of patience不耐烦 out of petrol汽油用完了 out of use 没用了 out of order 出故障了 out of control 失控了 out of danger脱离危险了 out of sight 看不见了 out of fashion 不时兴 out of date过时 out of repair无法修葺 out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦 ‎11. as … as+主语+can/could 尽可能, 尽量= as … as + possible He was running as fast as he could. =He was running as fast as possible. ‎ You must speak English as often as you can. =You must speak English as often as possible Try to make as few mistakes as you can. =Try to make as few mistakes as possible。‎ ‎12. The last 30 years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.‎ 过去三十年里出现了最多的法律来剥夺我们的权利, 阻挡我们的进步,直到今天我们已经到了几乎没有任何权力的地步.‎ see 在此句意为“见证，目睹”；(在某段时期)发生(某情况),经历,经受; 为某事发生之时，主语为时间 ‎ The last few months has seen more and more traffic accidents.‎ ‎ The city has seen many changes.‎ ‎※某些动词(see, find, witness等)主语有时不是人而是物, 即拟人用法, 使句子生动。‎ ‎1) Dusk (黄昏) found a boy crying in the street.‎ ‎2) Oct 1,1949, saw/ witnessed the foundation of the People’s Republic of China.‎ ‎13.only＋副词介词短语状语从句置于句首，主句用部分倒装形式（即把主句的情态动词，系动词或助动词提到主语前面）‎ Only then did I realize the importance of learning English.‎ Only in this way can you solve the problem.‎ Only when the teacher came in, did the students stop shouting.‎ ‎ Only by practising a few hours every day will you be able to master English.‎ Only yesterday did his father tell him the truth, which was a big surprise to him.‎ 注意（1）如果句子为主从复合句，则主句部分倒装，从句不倒装。‎ ‎ （2）only修饰主语时，不用倒装。‎ Only her mother can help her to solve the problem.‎ ‎14. equal adj 相等的，平等的，胜任的 fight for equal rights be equal to 与-----相等； 胜任 Tom is equal to John in height.‎ He was equal to the work.‎ He felt equal to carrying out the plan.‎ ‎15. be in trouble 有麻烦，处于不幸中 get into trouble 陷入困境 He has got into /is in trouble. We must help him. ‎ 补充:‎ make trouble 制造麻烦 put sb. to trouble 给某人添麻烦 have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 take trouble to do sth. 费心做某事 ‎※in trouble 在危险，受罚，痛苦，忧虑等的处境中，为介词短语，多用于 be之后，表示人或物处于某种状态。trouble前可用great, deep等形容词修饰，表示程度，但trouble前不可有冠词。‎ Its unkind to laugh at a person who is in trouble.‎ The boy is always in trouble with the police.‎ ‎16.willing adj 乐意的，自愿的 willingly adv ‎ ‎ will n 意志， 意志力 ， 意愿 be willing to do sth 愿意做某事 be willing that sb （should ）do sth 乐意让某人做某事 I’m very willing to vote for the plan.‎ He is willing that his little son should join the army.‎ ‎17. turn to 求助于，致力于 ‎ You can turn to the peoples police for help, no matter what kind of trouble you are in.‎ ‎ I have turned to all the well-known reference books for help, but so far without success. ‎ ‎18. warm-hearted adj. 热心肠的 他是一个热心肠的人。He is a warm-hearted man .‎ easy-going adj. 随和的；温和宽容的 他是一个很好说话的人He is an easy-going man .‎ 属于复合句形容词，在句中作定语。复合句形容词的构成形式：‎ 属于复合句形容词，在句中作定语。复合句形容词的构成形式：‎ ‎1）数词+名词单数 A ten-speed bike 一辆十速自行车 ‎2）数词+名词单数+形容词 A 60-storey-tall building 60层高的大厦 ‎3）数词+名词+ed A three-legged table 一张三条腿的桌子 ‎4）形容词+普通名词 ‎ A spare-time job一份兼职工作 ‎5）形容词+名词+ed A good-tempered man 一个脾气好的人 ‎6）形容词/副词+分词 An ordinary-looking man 一个长相一般的人 ‎19.Short forms 缩略语 S subject 主语 P predicate 谓语 O object 宾语 Att attribute 定语 Adv adverbial 状语 Com complement 补语 Pre predicative 表语 C clause 从句 1. BAEFCD Ⅱ.Fast reading ‎1.True or False questions. (2，4, 5 TRUE)‎ ‎2. Read again and find how many parts can the text be divided into? Give the general idea of each part. （3 minutes）‎ part Paragraph Main idea ‎1‎ Paragraph 1-2‎ The life of Elias’ life before he met Nelson Mandela.‎ ‎2‎ Paragraph 3-5‎ The change of Elias’ life after he met Nelson Mandela and what Mandela did ‎3. Detailed reading. Answer the following questions.‎ ‎(1). Why did Elias support Nelson Mandela?‎ ‎ Because Nelson Mandela used to help him in Johannesburg. And Elias joined the ANC Youth League which was organized by Nelson Mandela.‎ ‎(2). What problems did the black people like Elias have?‎ Black people had no vote and could not choose who ruled them. The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people. They could not get jobs they wanted. The places they were the poorest areas in South Africa. No one could grow food there.‎ ‎(3). Why did he support violence when he did not agree with it?‎ ‎ Because he wanted to realize their dream of making black and white people equal.‎ ‎5. Elias was a black worker in South Africa. He just received little education when he was young. So he had some difficulties in his work. When he was at the age of 12, he met Mandela and solved his problems with his help. He was greatly moved by his kindness.‎ ‎ During Elias’ time, life for the blacks was hard. They had no rights to choose and were treated unequally. So when Mandela organized the ANC Youth League to fight for the equal rights of the blacks, Elias joined it as soon as he could. At first they tried some peaceful way to break the law but it was not allowed. As a result, they had to answer violence with violence to realize their dream of making black and white people equal.‎