2018届二轮复习语法填空从高考试题看命题特点及备考指导课件（32张）

2018届二轮复习语法填空从高考试题看命题特点及备考指导课件（32张）

2018 届二轮复习语法填空专题 从高考试题看命题特点及备考指导 语法填空 真题再练 命题特点 备考指南 Yangshuo , China It was raining lightly when I 1 _____ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours 2_______, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with 3 ____(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain. its before arrived 1. 2015 全国新课标卷 I 真题再练 I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 __________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 _________ (painting). Instead, I’d head straight for Yangshuo . For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away 6 ______car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. by paintings which/that Yangshuo 7______(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 8 __________ (conduct) by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 9 ________ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 _______(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. living regularly conducted is 本文作者记叙了从香港到桂林阳朔旅游的经历。 1. arrived 当一个动作正在发生时突然又发生另外一事， when (=and just at that time) 后的谓语动词用一般过去时。 2. before/earlier 上文“现在来到了阳朔”，后文“我还在香港的家里”，可见是“几个小时之前”。 3. its 指“香港的”令人窒息的烟雾。 4. which/that 引导定语从句，先行词是 mountain tops and dark waters 。 5. paintings 因受 many 修饰，要用复数形式。 6. by 指一个小时的车程。 7. is 指目前的状态或客观存在的状态。 8. conducted 由 conduct a study /survey ( 进行研究 / 调查 ) 可知， a study 与 conduct 是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。 9. regularly 修饰动词 arranges 作状语，用副词。 10. living 因 people 与 live 是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。 The adobe dwellings( 土坯房 ) 1 _____ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 _____ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 ______(able) to “air condition” a house without 4 ______ (use) electric equipment. using ability the built 2. 2015 全国新课标卷 II Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 ________(slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 ________(cool) the house during the hot day. 7 ______ the same time, they warm up again for the night. At to cool slowly This cycle 8 _______(go) day after day. The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset （抵消） for the outside temperatures. As 9 _________ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 ________ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. how natural goes 本文介绍了美国西南部普韦布洛村落的印第安人所建造的土坯房的一些特征。 1. built 因 The adobe dwellings 与 build 是被动关系，用过去分词短语作后置定语。 2. the 由常修饰最高级的 even 与后面的 most modern 可知，这是最高级，其前面通常用 the 。 3. ability 在形容词性物主代词后必定用名词。 4. using 动词在介词后要用动名词形式。 5. slowly 修饰动词 give out ，用副词。 6. to cool 在形容词后作状语，要用不定式。 7. At 因 at the same time （同时）是固定词组。 8. goes 从上下句中的谓语动词 warm 来看，用一般现在时。 9. natural 在名词前作定语要用形容词。 10. how 引导宾语从句，表示要弄清楚到底土坯房的墙需要多厚。 Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 1 ______ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 2 ________ (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 3 ____ most outstanding examples of environmental clean-up. was actually the 3. 2014 全国新课标卷 I But the river wasn’t changed in a few days 4 _____even a few months. It took years of work 5 _________ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6 ________(clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 7 ______ _________ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. or to reduce cleaner that / which When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are 8 ________ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 9 ________ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 10 ________(patience). amazing changes patient 1969 年，凯霍加河因为油污着火，通过几年治理，河水重新变得清澈，这成为治理环境最突出的例子之一。作者以此为例说明，再棘手的问题都是可以解决的，只是要有耐心。 1. was 指 1969 年的情况，用一般过去时；上下句的时态也有提示作用。 2. actually 修饰谓语动词 caught ，作状语，用副词。 3. the 构成最高级。 4. or 起并列作用，表示“或者”。 5. to reduce 是 it takes time to do sth. 句型，不定式作真正的主语。 6. cleaner 作表语，依然用形容词；由 than 可知，要用比较级。 7. that /which 引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词是 a habit 。 8. amazing 在名词 stories 前作定语，要用形容词；由句意可知，需要填表示“惊人的” amazing 。 9. changes 作主语或冠词后应当用名词， change 除作动词外也可作名词；由紧接着的 are 可知，要用复数形式。 10. patient 在系动词 be 后作表语，要用形容词。 One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 1 ______ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, 2 ______ some of them looked very anxious and 3 ____________ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. being and disappointed 4. 2014 全国新课标卷 II I got a place next 4 ___ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike 5 _______ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused 6 _______ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept 7 _______ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. to caught to stop riding Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked, “8 ________ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh dear! It’s 9 _________(I).” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers 10 ___________ (sudden) became friendly to one another. Did mine /me suddenly 本文记叙了作者坐公交车的一次经历。作者目睹一位骑自行车的男孩拾到一位旅客的箱子后一路追赶公交车，直到下一站，将箱子交还失主，车上的陌生人之间也因此变得相互友好。 1. being 在介词后作宾语，动词 be 应用动名词形式。 2. and 前后是两个句子，应填连词；不缺句子成分，意义完整，再根据两句意义之间的逻辑性判断，是并列关系，故填 and 。 3. disappointed 因 looked 作“看起来”解是系动词，句中所给词与形容词 anxious 并列，一起作 looked 的表语，故用其形容词形式；再根据语境，可知其意为“失望的”，故填 disappointed 。 4. to 因名词 the window 在句中不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语，很可能就是作介词的宾语； next to 意为“在 …… 的旁边，挨着 ……” ，故填 to 。 5. caught 在句中作谓语，考虑时态语态； a boy 与 catch 是主动关系，又由语境可知用一般过去时，故填 caught 。 6. to stop 表示“拒绝做某事”，是 refuse to do sth. 。 7. riding 表示“继续 / 一直做某事”，是 keep doing sth. 。 8. Did 考查疑问句的结构，本句是问“有人在前一个站丢了东西吗？”显然是过去时，而 lose 是原形，故填助动词 Did ，注意句首首字母要大写。 9. mine /me 句中 It 可能是替代 my suitcase ，意为“那是我的箱子”，填 mine ；也可能是代替 anyone ，意为“丢东西的人是我”，填 me 。 10. suddenly 修饰动词 became ，作状语，用副词。 命题特点 1. 短文长度： 约 200 个词。 2. 短文体裁： 以能体现正能量的故事性记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章为主，也可以是说明文或议论文。 3. 设空类型： 给词题 7 个，纯空格 3 个。 4. 给词题的考点。 ⑴ 必考谓语动词 1—2 题，包括时态、语态、虚拟语气和主谓一致。如果是 2 题，其中一题通常是 be 动词，一般体现主谓一致。 ⑵ 必考非谓语动词 1—4 题，包括不定式、现在分词、过去分词、动名词，一种形式一般只考查 1 个小题。 ⑶ 必考词类转换 1—3 题，一种转换只考 1 个小题，如由形容词变为副词不设两道。 ⑷ 名词由单数变为复数考查 0—1 题。有可能会有一个小题要求考生填名词的所有格。 ⑸ 比较等级考 0—1 题。 ⑹ 代词考 0—1 题。题中给出人称代词的主格，要求考生填其宾格、名词性物主代词、形容词性物主代词、反身代词等，如果本身是考查主格的，不用给提示词。 5. 纯空格题的考点。 ⑴ 必考从句连词 1 题。 ⑵ 并列连词考 0—1 题。 ⑶ 介词考 0—1 题。一般只考简单介词，不会要求考生填像 due to, because of, in front of 之类的短语介词。 ⑷ 冠词考 0—1 题。 ⑸ 其它考 0—1 题。包括助动词 ( 如强调谓语动词的 do, does, did ；构成部分倒装的 do, does, did; 构成一般疑问句的 do, does, did) 、构成强调结构的 it 或 that 、连接性副词 (before, ago 等 ) 题。 备考指南 一是掌握基础语法： 要复习课程标准或考纲“附录 2 语法项目表”中规定的 24 个语法项目。切实掌握每个项目中的基本用法，不淡化，但也不必深化。千万注意语法不要过细、过繁、过多、过难，不要将简单语法复杂化，而应想方设法使复杂的语法简单化，让语法变得更简、更易、更有趣。 二是熟悉考点语法。 Thank you !