【英语】湖南省长沙市长郡中学2020届高三上学期第二次月考试题 （解析版）

【英语】湖南省长沙市长郡中学2020届高三上学期第二次月考试题 （解析版）

湖南省长沙市长郡中学2020届高三上学期第二次月考 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例：How much is the shirt?‎ A.£ 19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.‎ 答案是C.‎ ‎1.What will the man do?‎ A.Tie his shoes. B.Rise from a fall. C.Leave his shoes untied.‎ ‎2.How will the woman probably feel after the conversation?‎ A.Glad. B.Worried. C.Disappointed.‎ ‎3.Who pushed the woman into the pool?‎ A.Jane's brother. B.The man's brother. C.Amy's brother.‎ ‎4.Why will the man need to find another present?‎ A.The store is closed. B.The store is too far away. C.The jacket is too expensive.‎ ‎5.Where are the speakers?‎ A.At a concert. B.At Kate's house. C.At a restaurant.‎ 第二节（共15小题;每小题L 5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6.Why does Henry look so tired?‎ A.He traveled with his uncle.‎ B.He had many experiences in the city.‎ C.He just came back from the countryside.‎ ‎7.How many times has Henry visited the countryside?‎ A.Once. B. Twice. C. Never.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。‎ ‎8.Who went to a magic show?‎ A.The man and the woman. B.The woman and her uncle. C.The man and his uncle.‎ ‎9.How does the man explain magic tricks?‎ A.They are always performed in the dark.‎ B.Magicians move quickly in unexpected ways.‎ C.They are all done with computers.‎ ‎10.What happened at the show?‎ A.The magician used computer for his tricks.‎ B.The magician disappeared and never came back.‎ C.The magician was in the middle of the audience.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。‎ ‎11.What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?‎ A.Neighbors. B. Co-workers. C. Classmates.‎ ‎12.How did the man get hurt?‎ A.He was knocked down by a taxi.‎ B.He fell down from his bike when taking a turning.‎ C.His broken arm prevented him stopping in time.‎ ‎13.What is the man worried about most?‎ A.His injury. B.His exams. C.His medical fee.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。‎ ‎14.When did Louise start working at the center?‎ A.About six months ago. B.About one year ago. C.About two years ago.‎ ‎15.Why was Louise a bit worried when she first arrived?‎ A.Because she didn't like the job at all.‎ B.Because she didn't think the kids liked her.‎ C.Because she was lacking in self-confidence.‎ ‎16.What does Louise think is the most rewarding part of the job?‎ A.Seeing the disabled growing healthily.‎ B.Helping children manage to do something.‎ C.Creating something challenging for children to do.‎ ‎17.What is Louise's suggestion on working at night?‎ A.All staff should not work at night.‎ B.It should start before 10：00 p. m.‎ C.All staff should take turns to work at night.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。‎ ‎18Who is the speaker?‎ A.A sales manager. B.A store manager. C.A human resources manager.‎ ‎19.Which is the requirement for team leaders?‎ A.At least two years of college is preferred.‎ B.They need to attend weekly meetings.‎ C.They must have management experience.‎ ‎20.What does the speaker suggest about the staff associates?‎ A.They are paid a lot. B.Their jobs are challenging. C.Getting hired isn't difficult.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Inventions make the world better, smarter and even a little bit more fun. Last year, in November, Time magazine published "2018 Top 50 inventions". Here are three of the most interesting inventions for you. Let's take a look.‎ Lifepack Carry-on Closet In many cases, traveling is fun, but packing can be quite annoying. No matter how neatly you pack your clothes, you always end up having to pull out everything in order to find what you need. Well, the Lifepack Carry-on Closet designed by the Danish startup Solgaard Design might change that for good.‎ From the outside, the Lifepack looks like an ordinary suitcase. But inside, it contains a set of retractable shelves to keep clothes in good order and maximize the space. Its shelf system has ‎ many extra pockets and is removable. So when you get to your destination, you just need to take out the shelf system and hang it in your hotel closet.‎ LynQ Becoming separated from friends in crowds or losing contact with your family in a strange place can be a nightmare.‎ But now, LynQ, a new location tracker, has a fix.‎ When you wear LynQ, you use a combination of GPS technology and long-range radio frequencies to find other LynQs to a distance of up to 5 kilometers from you. In addition, an onscreen dot points each user in the right direction, like a compass.‎ As Time notes, "LynQ solves the three Ws: No more worrying, wandering or waiting around. "‎ Gravity jet suit If you're a big fan of Iron Man, you must have been impressed by his amazing jet suit. Now, there is a real gravity jet suit for us to try.‎ Developed by London-based technology company Gravity Industries, the flying suit is equipped with five power engines—four are built into units close to the hands and one is built into a backpack.‎ If these engines fuel together they can provide 1,050 horsepower to make the wearer move at a speed of up to 51 kilometers per hour. So, for people who can balance with the suit on, it's easy to fly.‎ ‎1. From the description of LynQ, we can learn that_________.‎ A. it is a traditional advanced GPS system B. it is a wearable device C. it is based on a compass D. it makes its users worry-free ‎2. Which of the following statements is TRUE?‎ A. It's easy for people to fly because Gravity jet suit can provide adequate power.‎ B. You won't worry about losing touch with your family once you wear LynQ.‎ C. Lifepack Carry-on Closet can make packing easier with unique design.‎ D. Traveling will become more convenient and cozier with the three inventions.‎ ‎3. What's the purpose of the passage?‎ A. To introduce some interesting inventions. B. To comment on the latest technology.‎ C. To appeal to more consumers. D. To promote some creative products.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“2018年50大有趣发明”中的三个有趣的发明。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据LynQ下的When you wear LynQ，you use a combination of GPS technology and long-range radio frequencies to find other LynQs (当你带上LynQ时，你可以使用GPS技术和远程无线电频率额组合来找到其他的LynQs)可知，LynQ是一种可穿戴的设备。B. it is a wearable device (它是一种可穿戴的设备)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Life pack Carry-on Cloest 部分下的No matter how neatly you pack your clothes, you always end up having to pull out everything in order to find what you need. Well, the Lifepack Carry-on Closet designed by the Danish startup Solgaard Design might change that for good. (不管你的衣服打包得有多整洁，你总是要把所有的东西拿出来，才能找到你需要的东西。这种由丹麦新创公司Solgaard Design设计的随身行李箱可以彻底改变这种情况)可知 这种旅行箱能让打包变得轻松C. Lifepack Carry-on Closet can make packing easier with unique design (有独特地设计的Lifepack Carry-on Closet能够让打包变得更加容易)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第一段的Last year, in November, Time magazine published ''2018 Top 50 inventions". Here are three of the most interesting inventions for you. Let's take a look. (去年11月《时代》杂志公布了“2018年度50大发明”。这里有三个对你来说有趣的发明，让我们来看看)可知该文是对《时代周刊》刊登的2018年50强发明的其中最有趣的三项发明的介绍。A. To introduce some interesting inventions. (介绍一些有趣的发明)符合以上说法，故选A项。‎ B Philo Farnsworth was a man who made it possible for one of the most important communication devices-television to be created. Philo was born on August 19th, 1906, near Indian Creek in the western state of Utah. He attended a very small school near his family's farm. He did ‎ very well at school. He asked his teacher for special help in science. The teacher began helping Philo learn a great deal more than most young students could understand.‎ One night, Philo read a magazine story about the idea of sending pictures and sound through the air. Anyone with a device that could receive this electronic information could watch the pictures and hear the sound. The magazine story said some of the world's best scientists were using special machines to try to make a kind of device to send pictures.‎ ‎14-year-old Philo decided these famous scientists were wrong and that mechanical devices would never work. He decided that such a device would have to be electronic. Philo knew electrons could be made to move extremely fast. All he would have to do was to find a way to make electrons do the work.‎ Very quickly Philo had an idea for such a tube. It would trap light in a container and send the light on a line of electrons. Philo called it “light in a bottle".‎ Several days later, Philo told his teacher about a device that could capture pictures. He drew a plan for it, which he gave his teacher. Philo's drawing seemed very simple, but it clearly showed the information needed to build a television. In fact, all television equipment today still uses Philo's early idea.‎ Philo Farnsworth was only 14 years old then. He knew no one would listen to a child. In fact, experts say that probably only ten scientists in the world at that time could have understood his idea.‎ On September 7th, 1927, Philo turned on a device that was the first working television receiver. In another room was the first television camera. Philo had invented the special camera tube earlier that year.‎ The image produced on the receiver was not very clear, but the device worked. In 1930, the United States government gave Philo patent documents. These would protect his invention from being copied by others.‎ ‎4. How did Philo get the idea of inventing a television?‎ A. By learning from his science teacher.‎ B. By reading a story about the idea in a magazine.‎ C. By thinking hard himself.‎ D. By using his knowledge about electrons.‎ ‎5. Philo referred to “_________” when he called something Tight in a bottle.‎ A. a container sending pictures and sound through the air B. a light box with a line of electrons in a bottle C. a receiver that held light and sent it on a line of electrons D a way to make electrons send pictures ‎6. We can infer from the passage that_________.‎ A. without his teacher's help, he would never have become interested in science B. he made the first working television tube and the first television camera himself C. Philo's early ideas about the television could not be understood by most people of that time D. his invention was recognized and protected immediately he made it ‎7. In the passage, the author mainly tells us_________. ‎ A. that Philo Farnsworth was a great inventor B. how Philo Farnsworth invented the television C. who made it possible to create television D. when and where the television was invented ‎【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Philo Farnsworth发明电视机经过。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第二段的One night, Philo read a magazine story about the idea of sending pictures and sound through the air. (一天晚上，Philo读到杂志里一个关于发送图片和声音到空中的故事)和第四段的Very quickly Philo had an idea for such a tube. (很快Philo就有了设计这种试管的想法)可知Philo是在看到杂志上的故事后有了发明电视的想法。B. By reading a story about the idea in a magazine. (通过阅读杂志上关于这个想法的一个故事)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段的It would trap light in a container and send the light on a line of electrons. Philo called it ''light in a bottle".‎ ‎ (它会在容器中捕获光，然后把光发射到一条电子线上。Philo把这个称之为“瓶中之光”)可知“瓶中之光”是指一个可以把光装下，并且发射到电子线上的一个接收器。C. a receiver that held light and sent it on a line of electrons.(一个可以装住光线并且把它发射到电子线上的接收器)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段的In fact experts say that probably only ten scientists in the world at that time could understood his idea. (事实上，专家们说，当时世界上只有10名科学家能理解他的想法)可推测在当时大部分人都不懂Philo的想法。 C. Philo's early ideas about the television could not be understood by most people of that time. (Philo关于电视机的简单想法在当时不被大多数人所理解)符合以上说法，故需按C项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的Philo Farnsworth was a man who made it possible for one of the most important communication devices-television to be created. (Philo Farnsworth使重要的通讯设备之一——电视机的诞生成为可能)可知本文主要讲述Philo Farnsworth发明电视机的经过。B. how Philo Farnsworth invented the television (Philo Farnsworth是如何发明电视机的)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ C Mom was right! If you say "thank you" for even the smallest gift or slightest show of kindness, you'll feel as happy as Larry.‎ Gratitude, says Robert A. Emmons, a professor of psychology at the University of California, Davis, is an important element of happiness. In his recent book, Thanks!Emmons uses the first major study on gratitude to prove mom's point. In acknowledging and developing this much-ignored expression of thankfulness, he explains how people have benefited-even improved their health.‎ Expressing gratitude shouldn't be a reaction； it should be a state of mind. To feel grateful when life is a breeze and you have more than you need is easy. To feel grateful in time of crisis-anger, hatred and bitterness-is easier. Also, too many people are aware of life's blessings only after these are lost.‎ It's crisis and chaos-danger, disease, disability and death-that bring many individuals to realize just how dependent they are on others. Yet it's the way each of us begins life and ends it. It's too bad that so many people waste those decades in between labouring under the illusion that they are self-sufficient, says Emmons.‎ The abundance of voices expressing gratitude from his studies of individuals with chronic health problems is many. But Emmons goes beyond his groundbreaking" science to make his case for gratitude by including the inspirational writings of philosophers, novelists and saints, as well as the beliefs of various religions and their respective scriptures. Taken together, these observations are summed up quite nicely by famous humanist Albert Schweitzer, who said the secret of life is "giving thanks for everything".‎ To enable and embrace gratitude, Emmons encourages the readers of Thanks! to keep a gratitude diary. He even provides easy-to-follow directions on how to practice and develop gratitude.‎ I'm not a reader or advocate of self-help books, but I am thankful for the reference I found in a newspaper article to the research Emmons was conducting on gratitude involving organ donors and recipients. The chance discovery led me to this book.‎ Mom implied that kindness seems to find its way back to the giver because life really is all about giving, receiving and repaying. So I'll pay attention to her Professional advice and say: Thank you, Professor Emmons.‎ ‎8. What is the text mainly discussed?‎ A. There are many ways of being thankful. B. Mom is great for her being thankful.‎ C. Gratitude is important to happiness. D. Being thankful will keep you fit forever.‎ ‎9. The author mentions Robert Emmons' book Thanks! in order to prove that_________.‎ A. Professor Emmons supports mom's study on psychology.‎ B. mom is as great a psychologist as Professor Emmons.‎ C. Professor Emmons is a famous psychologist.‎ D. mom is right about her viewpoint on gratitude.‎ ‎10. What is the opinion of Professor Emmons?‎ A. It is enough to thank others orally.‎ B. Whether you are thankful is always up to you.‎ C. Remember to be thankful anytime and anywhere.‎ D. It is easier to be thankful for yourself than for others.‎ ‎11. In the writer's opinion, Emmons' book Thanks! on gratitude is_________.‎ A. helpful B. unreasonable C. puzzling D. one-sided ‎【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了感恩是人们所必须具备的一种情感，也是人们感受幸福的必要因素。同时感激之情也是人们最难表达的一种感受。表达感激不应该是一种行为，而应该是一种心理状态，始终要有感恩之心，感恩生活，感恩我们身边的人等。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段的Gratitude, says Robert A. Emmons, a professor of psychology at the University of California, Davis, is an important element of happiness. (正如Robert A. Emmons所说，感恩是幸福的一个重要因素)可知本文主要讨论了感恩对于幸福来说很重要，它是幸福的重要因素。C. Gratitude is important to happiness. (感恩对幸福很重要)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段的In his recent book, Thanks! Emmons uses the first major study on gratitude to prove mom's point. (在他最近的书Thanks！里Emmons用一个关于感恩的主要研究来证明妈妈的观点)可推测作者引用Thanks 来证明妈妈关于感恩的观点是正确的。D. mom is right about her viewpoint on gratitude. (妈妈关于感恩的观点是正确的)符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的To feel grateful when life is a breeze and you have more than you need is easy. To feel grateful in time of crisis-anger, hatred and bitterness-is easier. (当生活是一场微风，你拥有的比你需要的多时，心存感激是容易的；在危机时刻、愤怒、憎恨时心存感激更加容易)可知Emmons让我们时刻都心存感激。C. Remember to be thankful anytime and anywhere. (在任何时间、任何地点都要记得心存感激)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的So I'll pay attention to her Professional advice and say: Thank you, Professor Emmons. (所以我会关注她的建议，并且对她说：感谢你，Emmons教授)可推测Emmons关于感恩的观点给了作者很大帮助，所以作者会对她说谢谢。故选A项。‎ D New data presented this week at the annual Associated Professional Sleep Societies (APSS) suggest that a student's preferred sleeping schedule has a lot to do with his or her grade-point average in school. In one study, researchers at the University of Pittsburg revealed that poor sleep habits among high schoolers led to lower grades, particularly in math.‎ It's no surprise that poor sleep habits may negatively impact academic performance. And dozens of studies have linked an increase in nightly sleep to better cognition and alertness. The new research, however, goes a step further, quantifying the impact of erratic or inadequate sleep on grades. These findings are more convincing than saying that if you get more sleep, you'll feel better," says Jennifer Cousins, a lead researcher of the study.‎ The study involved data from 56 adolescents (34 female) between the ages of 14 and 18 years. They were asked to fill out sleep diaries for one week and wear a special activity monitor on their wrists, which recorded when the students were asleep or awake. Overall, teens with poor sleep habits received lower grades than students who stuck with a more regular sleep routine.‎ Interestingly, Cousins also found that different sleep habits had different effects on the students' school performance：those who woke up more often during the night did worse in math, for example, while those who slept peacefully through the night tended to get better grades in English.‎ These findings bring up new questions about teasing out（探讨）the details of what is important about sleep that impacts learning," says Cousins. "Does more sleep improve our ability to deal with abstract concepts found in math, or does sleep quality increase creativity? We don't know the answers, and don't want to draw those conclusions yet. But this helps us understand more about how sleep helps the things we do in daily life. "‎ Authors of the study point out that the results provide overwhelming evidence of the importance of sleep during a period of development that is critical for adolescents and recommend sleep education as a prevention tool to help increase awareness of the importance of sleep and of the negative consequences of poor sleep.‎ ‎12. The underlined word "erratic" in the second paragraph probably means______.‎ A. adequate B. different C. stable D. irregular ‎13. We can learn from Jennifer Cousins' research that_____.‎ A. lower grades in math are related to more awakenings at night B. the longer you sleep, the better your grades in English will be C. the findings will cause new insoluble problems about sleeping and learning D. different sleep habits have similar effects on students' learning ‎14. Which of the following do you think Jennifer Cousins will NOT agree with?‎ A. People should understand the importance of sleep for students.‎ B. Whether greater sleep quality help increase students' creativity is not known yet.‎ C. Students' grades mainly depend on their sleep quality.‎ D. The study helps researchers understand how sleep affects learning.‎ ‎15 Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. The More Sleep, the Better Cognition B. The Poorer Sleep Habits, the Lower Grades C. The More Sleep, the Better You Will Feel D. The More Peacefully You Sleep, the Higher Grades You Will Get ‎【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述一些数据表明，学生偏爱的睡眠时间安排与他们在学校的平均成绩有很大关系。本文提到的研究量化了睡眠不规律或不足对成绩的影响。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 词意猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子The new research, however, goes a step further, quantifying the impact of erratic or inadequate sleep on grades.可知然而新的研究更进一步，量化了erratic睡眠或睡眠不足对成绩的影响。结合句意，尤其是inadequate，推测划线词的感情色彩和词意接近inadequate (不足)。D. irregular (无规律的)符合以上推测，故选D项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第四段的Cousins also found that different sleep habits had different effects on the student's school performance: those who woke up more often during the night and reported poorer sleep quality did worse in math(Cousins还发现不同的睡眠习惯对学生的学习成绩有不同的影响:那些夜间醒来次数较多、睡眠质量较差的学生，数学成绩较差)可知夜间醒来次数较多的孩子数学成绩较差。A. lower grades in math are related to more awakenings at ‎ night (数学成绩差和夜间醒来次数多有关)符合以上说法，故选A项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的Does more sleep improve our ability to deal with abstract concepts found in math, or does sleep quality increase creativity? We don't know the answers, and don't want to draw those conclusions yet. (更多的睡眠是提高了我们处理数学中抽象概念的能力，还是睡眠质量降低了创造力？我们不知道答案，也不想得出结论)可推测Cousins认为数学成绩的好坏可能不仅仅取决于睡眠质量，但答案究竟是什么，他们也不知。C. Students' grades mainly depend on their sleep quality. (学生的成绩主要取决于他们的睡眠质量)不符合Cousins说那段话的意思，故选C项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，其主旨一般在首段。根据本文的主要内容，尤其是第一段的In one study, researchers at the University of Pittsburg revealed that poor sleep habits among high schoolers led to lower grades, particularly in math. (在一项研究中，来自匹兹堡大学的研究者发现，高中生的不良睡眠习惯会导致成绩下降，尤其是数学)可知本文主要讲述不好的睡眠习惯会导致成绩变差。B. The Poorer Sleep Habits, the Lower Grades (睡眠习惯越差，得分越低)可以作为本文标题，故选B项。‎ 第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The cicada（蝉）has an interesting life cycle, but most of us only become aware of these insects in summer when they reach adulthood and begin their calls. ___16___Some, like the Golden Emperor, have complicated songs. The summertime calls of the cicada are made by adult males to attract females. Their eggs are usually laid in scratches cut through the skin of the tree. Once it has been completed, the adults die.‎ When the eggs hatch, the larvae（幼虫）drop to the ground and live under the soil.___17___They spend as little as several months for some species or as long as several years for other species buried under ground, shedding（蜕下）their skin as they grow. They shed their skin for the last time to become adult cicadas with their wings. ___18___ A few days after coming out of the soil, the males call for mates and cycle begins again.‎ The Golden Emperor, whose call is quite different from others, is one of Australia's biggest ‎ and prettiest cicadas. ___19___ The Golden Emperor calls in groups, but getting to see one up close is very difficult as they fly away when approached. Also, as their breeding season progresses, they gradually move higher up the tree trunks.___20___ The Golden Emperor is a delight just to listen to if you can't see the insect itself.‎ A. Not all cicadas have simple, loud noise.‎ B. This act makes their calls the only sign that they are still around.‎ C. The larvae attach themselves to tree roots and feed on their liquid.‎ D. When they have become mature, they come out of the soil as a group.‎ E. Their songs call on female to fly to them and fight for next generation.‎ F. If that happens, they will fly away and go to some place that they really love.‎ G. Their call starts with two notes and then rises sharply before it suddenly drops down.‎ ‎【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蝉的一生，其中专门介绍了澳大利亚的一种名叫Golden Emperor的蝉和其他蝉的不同之处。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据下文Some, like the Golden Emperor, have complicated songs. 可知有些蝉可以发出复杂的声音，例如金皇大帝。A. Not all cicadas have simple, loud noise. 并非所有的蝉都发出简单、吵闹的声音。符合文意，选项中的simple与后句中的complicated形成对比，故选A项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据前文When the eggs hatch, the larvae（幼虫）drop to the ground and live under the soil.可知述蝉的幼虫由卵孵化后，就会生活在地下。C. The larvae attach themselves to tree roots and feed on their liquid.这些幼虫把他们自己附在树根上，并吸食树根的液体。符合文意，选项讲述了幼虫在地下生活的状态，larvae是关键词，故选C项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据前文They shed their skin for the last time to become adult cicadas with their wings.可知它们最后一次蜕皮，变成有翅膀的成年蝉。D.When they have become mature, they come out of the soil as a group. 当它们成年时，它们成群结队从土壤里出来。符合文意，选项中的mature和前文的adult是关键词，故选D项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据前文The Golden Emperor, whose call is quite different from others, is one of Australia's biggest and prettiest cicadas.可知金皇大帝是澳大利亚最大最漂亮的蝉，它们的叫声和其他蝉不一样。G.Their call starts with two notes and then rises sharply before it suddenly drops down. 它们的叫声以两个音符开始，然后急剧上升，再突然下降。符合文意，选项内容解释了前文中的quite different from others，故选G项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据前文Also, as their breeding season progresses, they gradually move higher up the tree trunks.可知随着繁殖季节的推进，它们会逐渐爬到树干的高处。B.This act makes their calls the only sign that they are still around. 这种行为让它们的叫声成为它们还在的唯一标志。符合文意，选项中的This act就是前文所提到的move higher up the tree trunks，故选B项。‎ ‎【点睛】完成七选五的方法之一是利用关键词法，包括原词，同义词，和反义词。以本文为例：‎ 第1小题答案中的simple与后句中的complicated是一对反义词 第2小题答案中的larvae和前文的larvae是原词 第3小题答案中的mature和前文中的adult是同义词 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Susie Coodall finally was discovered and rescued. She was a volunteer in the ___21___ Golden Globe Race accompanying sailors through the ___22___ every June. On Wednesday morning，Goodall was 2，000 miles west of South America when her boat was like a drunken man in a strong wind and a broken bar knocked her ___23___ unconscious. But soon after that she ___24___ and at once rang the alarm through her emergency system and a series of troubling ___25___which had recorded her happenings during the journey，were ___26___ on her Facebook at once.‎ Chile's Maritime Center received her ___27___ and soon ordered a ship to change its ___28___ to rescue Goodall. Meanwhile，all Goodall could do was wait-trying to keep her boat ___29___in the waving South Pacific and pumping out water that was ___30___ into the damaged ‎ cabin（船舱），which made her ___31___ her present situation When the Chilean ship finally ___32___ Goodall，lowering down a small boat to save her seemed ___33___because up to 13 feet waves will ___34___ the boat at any time. ___35___ ，crew members on board ___36___ another way-lowered a long thick rope from the ship，and ___37___ Goodall from her ship to safety. As luck would have it，the chosen method ___38___ worked.‎ Goodall arrived at the Chilean port without any delay. On her Facebook，Goodall wrote：“They were the hardest and loneliest days I've ever had. Actually，all I wanted was a break with no ___39___ to the busy daily life. But I might as well ___40___ home instead of giving up. "‎ ‎21. A. final B. previous C. monthly D. annual ‎22. A. tour B. voyage C. trip D. scene ‎23. A. permanently B. totally C. temporarily D. seriously ‎24. A. awakened B. slept C. shouted D. cried ‎25. A. updates B. questions C. fantasies D. thoughts ‎26. A. put B. gathered C. posted D. released ‎27. A. call B. warming C. signal D. reply ‎28. A. system B. course C. subject D. policy ‎29. A. dry B. tidy C. still D. steady ‎30. A. leaking B. flying C. flowing D. dropping ‎31. A. curious about B. worried about C. satisfied with D. disappointed with ‎32. A. rescued B. abandoned C. passed D. spotted ‎33. A. fast B. proper C. impossible D. uncomfortable ‎34. A. swallow B. lift C. hit D. push ‎35. A. Besides B. Otherwise C. Instead D. Also ‎36. A. changed B. recommended C. admired D. described ‎37. A. pulled B. kept C. grasped D. fetched ‎38. A. hardly B. probably C. usually D. really ‎39. A. answer B. access C. damage D. contribution ‎40. A. drive B. ride C. walk D. sail ‎【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。主要内容是Susie Coodall是一名航海志愿者，在航海过程中遇险后来获救的故事。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她是每年六月参加金球奖航海比赛的志愿者。A. final最终的；B. previous先前的；C. monthly每月的；D. annual每年的。根据下文的every June可知，这个航海比赛是每年举行一次，故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她是每年六月参加金球奖航海比赛的志愿者。A. tour旅行；B. voyage航行；C. trip短途旅行；D. scene场景。根据sailors可知，此处举办的是航海比赛，故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：周三早上，她在南美洲西2000英里时，船就像一个醉汉在强风中，破碎木条的袭击使她暂时昏迷。A. permanently永久第；B. totally总共地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. seriously严肃地。根据下文的But soon after that she ___4___可知，她很快苏醒过来，所以只是暂时昏迷，故选C。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但不久以后，她醒了过来，并且马上通过她的救援系统拉响了警报。A. awakened觉醒；B. slept睡觉；C. shouted叫喊；D. cried哭泣。根据下文的at once rang the alarm through her emergency system可知她做了一系列自救的动作，所以她已经醒了过来，故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的脸书上立刻出现了一系列报道她航行的更新。A. updates更新；B. questions问题；C. fantasies幻想；D. thoughts想法。根据语境可知，脸书上实时更新她航行的一些消息，故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的脸书上立刻出现了一系列令人不安的更新。A. put放置；B. gathered聚集；C. posted发布；D. released释放。根据语境可知，Goodall的援救信息会发布在脸书上，故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：智利海事中心收到了她的信号，并很快命令一艘船改变航向去营救古道尔。A. call呼叫；B. warming变暖；C. signal信号；D. reply回复。根据前文的rang the alarm可知，智利方面接收到了她发出的信号。故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：智利海事中心收到了她的信号，并很快命令一艘船改变航向去营救古道尔。A. system系统；B. course航向；C. subject主题；D. policy政策。根据语境可知，一艘接到了命令的船改变航向去营救Goodall，此处course意为“航向”，而非“课程”，故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，Goodall唯一能做的就是让自己的船在波浪翻滚的南太平洋中保持平稳。A. dry干燥的；B. tidy整齐的；C. still安静的；D. steady平稳的。根据根据第一段her boat was like a drunken man in a strong wind以及常识可知，她需要在海浪中保持平稳确保安全，故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：把漏的水抽到受损的船舱里。A. leaking泄露；B. flying飞行；C. flowing流淌；D. dropping推动。根据上文可知，在Goodall航行过程中遇险一定是船漏水了，故要处理船舱泄露的水，故选A。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词组辨析。句意：这令她担心自己现在的处境。A. curious about对……好奇；B. worried about担心；C. satisfied with对……满意：D. disappointed with对……失望。根据语境可知，Goodall所处的处境很危险，难免会担心自己的境地，故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这艘智利船最终发现Goodall时。A. rescued援救；B. abandoned抛弃；C. passed通过；D. spotted发现。根据根据soon ordered a ship to change its (8) to rescue Goodall.可知，智利船发现了Goodall，故选D。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：降低一条小船去救她似乎是不可能的。A. fast快的；B. proper恰当的；C. impossible不可能的；D. uncomfortable不舒服的。根据下文内容可知，搜救的船只采取了别的方法，可知这种方法并不可行，故选C。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为高达13英尺的海浪会随时吞没这艘船。A. swallow吞咽；B. lift上升；C. hit打击；D. push推。根据语境可知，海浪高达13英尺的，随时吞没这条船，故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，船上的船员推荐另一种方法——从船上放下一根又长又粗的绳子A. Besides另外；B. Otherwise否则；C. Instead反而；D. Also也。。前文说到放下小船救人方法不可行，这里表示一种转折，搜救的船准备了其他的方案，故选C。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，船上的船员推荐另一种方法——从船上放下一根又长又粗的绳子。A. changed改变；B. recommended推荐；C. admired钦佩；D. described描述。根据语境可知，在第一种方法不可行的前提下，船员推荐了另一种方法，故选B。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：把Goodall从船上拉到安全的地方。A. pulled拉；B. kept保持；C. grasped抓住；D. fetched取来。根据上文可知，从船上放下一根绳子是拉着Goodall到安全的地方，故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是,选择的方法真的奏效了。A. hardly几乎不个；B. probably可能；C. usually通常；D. really真实地。根据上文的As luck would have it可知，这种方法确实奏效了，故选D。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我只想抛开忙碌的日常生活，好好地休息一下。A.‎ ‎ answer回答；B. access进入；C. damage毁坏；D. contribution贡献。with no access to避开，不接触，是固定搭配。故选B。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我宁可驾船回家而不是放弃。A. drive驾驶；B. ride骑行；C. walk行走；D. sail航海。根据语境可知，根据本文的语境可知，Goodall一直都在海上，因此推断她想到的是驾船回家。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎___41___developing countries really need to do is to stop___42___ (poor) by fighting the cause of it. One way to help ___43___country develop is to improve its infrastructure. The infrastructure of a country is what ___44___ (make) everything run well. These things provide a framework for new jobs to be created,___45___ (allow) people to help ___46___(them) so that they no longer need to depend on others. Another way to help a country is through the development of private enterprise along with job training ___47___(address) the problem of unemployment. In South Africa, a community program is providing training and help for people ___48___ jobs or homes, so that they can learn to make ___49___（work） of art to sell to tourists. Although this is a bit different from conventional business, the program is growing fast, ___50___ many people have been quite successful in it.‎ ‎【答案】41. What ‎ ‎42. poverty ‎ ‎43. a 44. makes ‎ ‎45. allowing ‎ ‎46. themselves ‎ ‎47. to address ‎ ‎48. without ‎ ‎49. works 50. and ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了几种帮助发展中国家的方法：一种是改善基础建设，另一种是发展私营企业和提供工作培训。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查主语从句连接词。分析句子结构可知，此处是主语从句连接词，从句___1___developing countries really need to do缺少主语，结合句意“发展中国家真正需要做的事情”可知此处指代事物，故用连接代词what，故填What。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查名词。此处应填名词作为stop的宾语，故填poverty。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：帮助一个国家发展的方法是改善它的基础建设。结合句意可知此处意为“一个国家”是泛指，故用不定冠词，又country是辅音音素开头，故填a。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查时态。分析句子结构可知，此处是表语从句的谓语动词，根据is判断为一般现在时，又主语what代指前文提到的the infrastructure，是第三人称单数，故动词加-s，故填makes。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语these things和allow之间是主动关系，故用现在分词，故填allowing。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：这些给新工作的创造提供了基础，使得人们帮助他们自己，因此他们不必再依靠他人。结合句意可知此处应填反身代词作为help的宾语，“他们自己”themselves，故填themselves。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：另一个帮助一个国家发展的方法是发展私有企业和工作培训来解决未就业问题。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词，再结合句意可知此处表目的，故用不定式，故填to address。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：在南非，社区项目给没有工作或家的人提供培训和帮助，因此他们可以学着制作艺术品来卖给游客。结合句意可知，此处应填介词without，without jobs or homes没有工作或家，故填without。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。此处应填名词作为make的宾语，又work作为“作品”讲是可数名词，故用复数形式，故填works。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查并列连词。句意：尽管这和传统的商业不一样，但是这个项目正在快速发展，并且很多人通过它变得很成功。结合句意可知，设空处的前后文是并列关系，应用and连接，故填and。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ One cold evening during the holiday season, a little boy about six or seven was standing in the front of a store window. The little child had no shoes and his clothes are just rags. A young woman passes by saw the little boy and could read the desire in his pale blue eyes. She took the child by the hand and led him into the store. There she bought her some new shoes and a complete suit of warmly clothing. They walked back into the street, so the woman told the child to go home and has a happy holiday. The little boy looked her and asked how she was God. She smiled and replied that she was just one of His child.‎ ‎【答案】删除in后的the are → were passes → passing her → him warmly → warm so → and has → have looked后加at how → whether child → children ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个善良的女士帮助一个小男孩的故事。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查冠词。结合语境可知，此处是指一个孩子站在橱窗的前面，应用in front of在……前面（指其中一方在另一方的外部），in the front of在……前面（指其中一方在另一方内部的前面）故删除in后的the.‎ ‎2.考查时态。本文讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故将are改为were。‎ ‎3.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处是非谓语动词作后置定语, 逻辑主语woman和pass之间是主动关系，故用现在分词，a young woman passing by一个路过的年轻女士。故将passes改为passing。‎ ‎4.考查代词。结合上下文可知，此处是指女士给小男孩买鞋和衣服，应用him代指男孩，故将her改为him。‎ ‎5.考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰名词clothing，故将warmly改为warm。‎ ‎6.考查并列连词。句意：他们走回那条街，女士叫这个孩子回家，过一个幸福的假期。结合句意可知，前后文是顺承关系，应用and连接，故将so改为and。‎ ‎7.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处用and连接两个不定式作为child的宾补，第二个不定式省略to，故将has改为have。‎ ‎8.考查介词。look是不及物动词，接宾语用look at，故在looked后加at。‎ ‎9.考查连词。句意：这个小男孩看着她问她是否是上帝。结合句意可知，此处应用whether引导宾语从句，故将how改为whether。‎ ‎10.考查名词的数。根据one of + 名词复数 可知此处应用child的复数形式，故将child改为children。‎ ‎【点睛】第9小题考查宾语从句的连接词。判断宾语从句的连接词一般分为三步：分析从句的成分；结合句意；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：‎ 分析从句成分：从句she was God成分完整 结合句意：“这个小男孩看着她问她是否是上帝”从句需要“是否”之意，故用whether引导 考虑特殊情况：无 故将how改为whether 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假设你是李华，你的美国朋友Tom对汉语和中国文化很感兴趣。他知道中国人很重视家风传承，在给你的电子邮件中想了解你家的家风以及家风对你的影响。请你给他回复一封电子邮件。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.词数100左右,开头与结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3.参考词汇：家风family spirits。‎ Dear Tom,‎ I'm glad to know that you are learning Chinese language and culture.‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Tom,‎ I'm glad to know that you are learning Chinese language and culture. In your email you said that you wanted to know something about my family spirits.‎ Well, there are many good qualities that have been passed from generation to generation in my family. My parents always lay great emphasis on the importance of honesty, bravery, perseverance and diligence and they have set good examples for me and my brother.‎ My family spirits have a profound influence on me. I'm always friendly to others and always ready to help others. I always cheer up and never stop chasing my goal even though I meet with difficulties. Owing great thanks to those good qualities, I have made great achievements in my ‎ study and life.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ 这一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给Tom写信，给他介绍自己的家风，以及家风对自己的影响。‎ ‎【详解】体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主 结构：总分总 ‎ 要求：‎ ‎1、表明写信目的 ‎2、介绍自己的家风（节约，诚实，友善等）‎ ‎3、家风对自己的影响 第二步：列提纲（重点词组）‎ be glad to do sth/ introduce sth to sb/ have an influence on/ pass down/ help sb do sth/ offer sb sth 第三步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）‎ 表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…‎ 状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although…‎ 定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where…‎ 第四步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：In your email you said that you wanted to know something about my family spirits.句中that引导宾语从句；Well, there are many good qualities that have been passed from generation to generation in my family.句中that引导定语从句；I always cheer up and never stop chasing my goal even though I meet with difficulties.句中even though引导让步状语从句。这些从句的使用不仅展示了作者扎实的语言功底，也为文章增色不少。‎