专题02 阅读理解——细节理解题 仿真测试-2019年高考英语高频考点名师揭秘与仿真测试 Word版含解析

专题02 阅读理解——细节理解题 仿真测试-2019年高考英语高频考点名师揭秘与仿真测试 Word版含解析

‎ ‎ ‎1.【山东省济宁市第一中学2019届高三上学期第一次调研（10月）检测英语试题A篇】‎ The annual World Economic Forum (经济论坛) took place in Davos, Switzerland, in Jan. 23-26, 2018. What did Chinese entrepreneurs (企业家) speak in the forum? Are there some quotable quotes for you?‎ ‎★Jack Ma, founder and executive chairman of Alibaba Group ‎“I think globalization cannot be stopped — no one can stop globalization, no one can stop trade. If trade stops, the world stops. Trade is the way to dissolve (溶解，结束) the war not cause the war,” said Ma in Davos, “Google, Facebook, Amazon and Alibaba — we are the luckiest companies of this century. But we have the responsibility to have a good heart, and do something good.”‎ ‎★Richard Liu, founder and chief executive officer of JD ‎“Business is not only a way to make money but also a way to contribute yourself, to help people,” Liu said in a speech in Davos. “How can we face the fractured (分化的) world? That’s the topics of the Davos this year. I think a very important thing in business is cooperation. If we can unite, work together, if we work very closely, I think we can bring more hope to the people and we can build more trust between the people, countries and companies and partners,” he said.‎ ‎★Jane Sun, CEO of Ctrip ‎“Tourism is a sunrise industry. Since I entered Ctrip, every year there are new comers, which, first of all, shows that tourism is booming.” Sun told Sina.com in Davos. “We invested heavily in ABC. A refers to AI, B is big data, and C is cloud computing. As we continue to expand overseas, these three will be very good weapons for us. So we think those mean opportunity,” she said.‎ ‎★Hu Xiaoming, president of Aliyun ‎“In 2018, people will see the development in various countries more closely connected with cloud computing. More manufacturing enterprises and financial institutions will start to use ‎ ‎‘cloud’, and cloud computing will increase the efficiency of technology and finance,” Hu told Xinhua in Davos.‎ ‎1. What do Chinese entrepreneurs like Jack Ma and Richard Liu focus more on?‎ A. More huge jumps in profits. B. The role of science in business.‎ C. Reducing production costs. D. The joined efforts of mankind.‎ ‎2. What is the main business of Ctrip?‎ A. Tourism. B. The creation of AI.‎ C. Computer. D. Financial service online.‎ ‎【文章大意】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，2018年达沃斯论坛‎1月23日之28日在瑞士进行，文章介绍了与会的四位中国企业家的发言内容。‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2. A。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Tourism is a sunrise industry. Since I entered Ctrip, every year there are new comers, which, first of all, shows that tourism is booming.”可知Jane Sun主要在交流与旅游相关的话题，而Ctrip是一个从事旅游行业的公司。故A项正确。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 细节理解题。细心审题，直接就题找答案。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。‎ ‎2.【甘肃省天水市第一中学2019届高三上学期一轮复习第二次质量检测英语试题B篇】‎ ‎“City Cycling USA: Los Angeles,” a pocket-sized tour guide to seeing Los Angeles on two wheels, is seemingly for visitors; for locals, its series of bike-friendly paths and itineraries (行程) are a road-map to becoming tourists in their own city again.‎ ‎“City Cycling” explores five neighborhoods in the Westside and Eastside and generally north of the 10 and south of the 101. Itineraries fit the period of a day, beginning with spots for coffee, walking along museums and shops, and finishing off with recommendations of where to buy a well-deserved drink. Published by Thames and Hudson in association with London cycling brand Rapha Racing, the guidebook is among the first U.S.‎ sections — alongside New York, Chicago and San Francisco — in a series launched in 2013 with biking tours of eight European cities.‎ Greatest hits such as the Bradbury Building and Echo‎ Park ‎Lake are included in the neighborhood tours, with plenty of fashionable places for where to eat — Eggslut, Pine & Crane and Gjusta. The guide is a reminder of how crowdedly packed each enclave (飞地) of L.A. is with unusual destinations, the large number of places to explore within a few square mile radius (半径), easily done once we step out of the car.‎ Los Angeles‎’ famously pleasant weather makes it an ideal city for exploring by bike; neighborhoods have different styles. While the car still plays an important role, cycling culture, like CicLAvia, already has full support, and is prepared to grow with the implementation (实施) of Mobility Plan 2035, which aims to make the city more bike friendly. “City Cycling USA: Los Angeles” is a start.‎ ‎6. What are Eggslut, Pine & Crane and Gjusta used for?‎ A. Destinations you can reach within a day.‎ B. Places where you can eat.‎ C. Guides to a enclave of L.A.‎ crowded with unusual destinations.‎ D. Places where you can see the Bradbury Building and Echo‎ Park ‎Lake.‎ ‎7. Why is Los Angeles fit to explore by bike?‎ A. Because of its pleasant weather. B. Because of cycling culture.‎ C. Because of Mobility Plan 2035. D. Because it is bike friendly.‎ ‎【文章大意】‎ 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“City Cycling USA: Los Angeles”旅行指导，主要是吸引洛杉矶本地人骑自行车游览城市的有关信息 ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎ ‎ ‎7. A。细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Los Angeles’ famously pleasant weather makes it an ideal city for exploring by bike;”可知洛杉矶舒适的气候让它成为自行车旅行的理想场所。故A项正确。‎ ‎3.【黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学2019届高三上学期第一次月考英语试题A篇】‎ UK‎ is becoming a popular destination for people who wish to study abroad. However, Britain is quite an expensive place to study and live in. Tuition fees have now reached £ ‎9,250 a year and students also face some of the highest living costs in the world.‎ Fortunately, there are a number of countries where universities offer degree programs entirely in English, along with the chance to learn the local language while you live there. Here are three of the options broken down in detail.‎ University‎ of ‎Amsterdam The Dutch capital is not a cheap city to live in, but standard tuition fees of £ ‎1,800 a year make it significantly cheaper than a British degree. There are 14 bachelor’s degrees on offer that are taught in English, including Political Science, Economics & Business Economics and Actuarial Science. Nearly all Dutch people speak English, making it an easy country to get by in.‎ Tianjin‎ ‎University Moving to China is not for the faint hearted. Undergraduate degree courses at Tianjin last four years. Living costs are only around £ ‎400 a month and tuition fees are £ ‎2,300 a year. Flights ‎ will cost £ 3,600 over the four years. The total cost, at £ 28,800, is still around half that of a three-year degree in Britain. Tianjin is one of the world’s latest cities and is only a half-hour train ride from Beijing. Three undergraduate programs are offered in English: Chemical Engineering, Environment & Energy and Pharmaceutical Science.‎ University‎ of ‎Milan The University‎ of ‎Milan’s fees range from £ 140 to £‎3,650 a year. The one bachelor’s degree offered entirely in English-Political Science is a three-year course. While living costs in Milan are high, the significantly lower fees make it a cheaper option than a British university.‎ ‎1. Where can you major in Political Science?‎ A. London and Tianjin. B. Amsterdam and London.‎ C. Amsterdam and Milan. D. Tianjin and Milan.‎ ‎2. What is probably the total cost of a three-year degree in Britain?‎ A. £ 14,400 B. £ 27,750‎ C. £ 57,600 D. £ 28,800‎ ‎【文章大意】‎ 本文是一篇布告类阅读，在英国的学习费用和生活成本是世界上最高的，文章介绍了另外三个学生承担得起费用的大学，这些大学也可以提供英国大学类似的英语项目。‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎1. C。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“There are 14 bachelor’s degrees on offer that are taught in English, including Political Science, Economics & Business Economics and Actuarial Science.”和最后一段第二句“The one bachelor’s degree offered entirely in English-Political Science is a three-year course.”可知University of Amsterdam和University of Milan都设有专业Political Science。所以可以在这两个大学里主修Political Science。故C项正确。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.【山西大学附属中学2019届高三9月模块诊断试题C篇】‎ China‎ officially informed the World Trade Organization on Tuesday that it will ban the import of 24 different types of solid waste by the end of this year as part of a campaign to deal with environmental pollution and protect people’s health.‎ In response to growing public concerns over the potential environmental and health danger caused by the increasing amounts of solid waste imported into the country for recycling and treatment, China passed a special law in 1995 to control imports of waste materials, such as plastics, slag from steelmaking, unsorted scrap paper and discarded textile materials.‎ A year later, the country published a list for solid waste imports and began implementing a permit system to control the import volumes and types of waste imported.‎ However, due to the lack of effective supervision(监管) and the failure of relevant departments to fulfill their duties, solid waste imports have not been effectively controlled.‎ So far, China is the world’s largest importer of solid waste. According to the Ministry of Environmental Protection, China imported 7.3 million metric tons of plastic waste worth $3.7 billion in 2016, accounting for 56 percent of global imports of solid waste.‎ Correct recycling of solid waste materials is an important part of the global economy, and moderate imports of scrap plastic, scrap paper and scrap rubber products, such as vehicle tires, can to some extent, make up for China's shortage of various raw materials.‎ However, the lack of supervision has resulted in the country’s severe soil and environmental worsening.‎ Given that China’s continuing efforts to push for industrial transformation and upgrading have resulted in a noticeable decline in the demand for the materials recycled from solid waste imports. It is right for the country to restrict such imports for the sake of the environment and public health, and to better adapt to the changed industrial structure.‎ ‎8. Why will China ban the import of some waste materials?‎ A. The amount of imported solid waste is increasing.‎ B. The demand for imported solid waste is in decline.‎ C. Some solid waste has damaged the environment and public health.‎ D. People are more concerned about the environment and health now.‎ ‎10. What is the problem when China deals with the imported waste?‎ A. Some imported waste is difficult to control.‎ B. The environment can’t afford the imported waste.‎ C. Some departments haven’t shouldered their duties.‎ D. Some useful materials are also among the solid waste.‎ ‎【文章大意】‎ 这是一篇议论文。为了保护环境和人们的健康，中国政府日前宣布禁止进口24种不同种类的固体废料。‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎ ‎ ‎10. C。细节理解题。根据第四段的内容However, due to the lack of effective supervision（监管）and the failure of relevant departments to fulfill their duties, solid waste imports have not been effectively controlled.可知，中国处理进口废料的问题是监管不严以及相关部门没有承担他们的职责。故选C。‎ ‎5.【山东省淄博实验中学、淄博五中2019届高三上学期第一次教学诊断英语试题B篇】‎ On November 7, Lewis Pugh completed a one-kilometer swim in the freezing waters of King Edward Cove, off South Georgia in Antarctica. He was wearing only his swimming glasses, cap and Speedos!‎ Pugh is an advocate for our oceans and seas, working to protect these ecosystem with their large diversity of marine (海洋的) life. When asked why he doesn’t wear a wetsuit, Lewis says, “I ask world leaders to do everything they can to protect our oceans. Sometimes the steps they need ‎ to take are difficult and unpopular. If I’m asking them to be courageous, I must also be. Swimming in a wetsuit would not send the right message.”‎ It took Pugh about 19 minutes to complete the one-kilometer swim in Antarctica where the water averaged about 1.6 degrees Celsius (摄氏度). He says that his body can only tolerate about 20 minutes in the freezing waters before it starts shutting down. As he swims, his body temperature steadily drops, which in turn causes his muscle (肌肉) control to drop, slowing him down. When he is done with his swim, his support team rushes him to a hot shower and it takes almost an hour for his body temperature to return to normal.‎ Doctors and Pugh caution that one must receive months of training to swim in such cold waters. Even expert swimmers who are unused to freezing water can drown within minutes because of the physical shock experienced by the body. Pugh says he trained for six months before this swim.‎ This is not the first time that Lewis has swum in dangerous conditions. In 2007, he swam one kilometer in the North Pole to draw attention to the melting Arctic ice due to climate change. In 2015, he swam in the Bay of Whales in Antarctica’s Ross‎ ‎Sea as part of his successful campaign to help set up a marine reserve there.‎ ‎4. Why did Lewis Pugh swim without a wetsuit?‎ A. To swim faster. B. To show his bravery.‎ C. To build up his body. D. To win public attention.‎ ‎5. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A. His body. B. The water.‎ C. His body temperature. D. The water temperature.‎ ‎6. What’s Pugh’s advice about swimming in freezing waters?‎ A. One must be fully prepared.‎ B. One should be expert at swimming.‎ C. One should be ready to take on challenges.‎ D. One must be used to long-distance swimming.‎ ‎7. What may be the best title for the text?‎ A. Lewis Pugh: swimming for a cause B. How to survive a swim in cold waters C. How to prepare for extreme swimming D. Lewis Pugh: achieving the impossible ‎【文章大意】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Lewis Pugh 为了呼吁政府采取措施保护海洋而在极地海洋水温很低的情况下，不穿防寒泳衣游泳的勇敢事迹。‎ ‎【答案与解析】 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6. A。细节理解题。根据第四段的Doctors and Pugh caution that one must receive months of training to swim in such cold waters.可知，一个人要想在冰冷的水里游泳必须得训练很长时间才可以，即要做足准备工作才行，故选A。‎ ‎6.【福建省厦门市大同中学2018届高三毕业班下学期模拟考试B篇】‎ For years, my time spent in the shower could have got me a mention in Guinness World Records as the shortest time taken to bathe. I hurried up during this process.‎ One day, however, while at a party, I heard an artist friend telling everybody that his idea came while he was having a shower. “What about you?” he asked, “Don’t you get your creative thoughts from the same place?”‎ ‎“I’m in and out in a hurry,” I told him proudly. “I have no time to waste!”‎ ‎“What a pity,” he said. “That’s the place where you need to slow down; plenty of great thoughts come from there!” I tried it out. I slowed down the whole process, started enjoying the ‎ warm water, taking a little longer to soap myself and even spending more time just enjoying the process, and realized how much I had missed in hurrying up all these years.‎ A woman told me how much stress her friend was suffering from and how she sought to convince her that she needed to find ways to relax. She gave her a videotape on stress management and relaxation techniques, and encouraged her to watch it right away. Fifteen minutes later, her friend handed back the tape. “It was good,” she said, but I don’t need it.”‎ ‎“But it’s a 70 - minute video,” the woman replied, “You couldn’t have watched the whole thing.”‎ ‎“Yes, I did,” her friend said. “I put it in fast - forward!”‎ A major social problem of the 21st century is Hurry Sickness. We hurry through work. We swallow fast food. We complain that we don’t have enough time. We race through the days and weeks until one day we look back in amazement and comment, “My god, how the years flew by!” Then we realize the heavy price we have paid for traveling fast.‎ Symptoms of Hurry Sickness include stress and anxiety, bad relationships, lowered work performance and even disease. Some people don’t survive it. What’s the cure? Slow down, for life is so short and precious that we must live it well.‎ ‎4. What was the advantage of taking a shower in the eyes of the artist friend?‎ A. Time was saved. B. Nothing was missed.‎ C. Great ideas flew away. D. Creative thoughts came.‎ ‎5. What was the trouble with the woman’s friend?‎ A. She felt stressed. B. She found the tape useless.‎ C. She found no way to relax. D. She watched the tape too fast.‎ ‎6. What are the major trouble people face in the 21st century in the writer’s eyes?‎ A. People run fast to work. B. Everything is done in a hurry.‎ C. People don’t have enough time. D. Time flies without being noticed.‎ ‎【文章大意】‎ 本文为说明文。很多人以自己的快节奏生活而自豪，这会造成一种匆忙症，它的突出症状为焦虑，有压力，生病，工作效率低甚至活不下去。如果想治愈此症，就要放慢速度。比如放慢洗澡的速度有可能会创意的想法出现。‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5. A。细节理解题。根据第五段“A woman told me how much stress her friend was suffering from …”可知，这位女子说她的朋友遭受了很大的压力。分析选项可知A项符合题意。‎ ‎ 6. B。细节理解题。根据笫八段内容可知，21世纪的人最大的问题就是“匆忙病”。他们匆匆忙忙的工作，‎ 吃快餐，他们抱怨没有足够的时间，他们一直和时间赛跑，直到有一天，惊讶地回过头来，说，“我的 帝，时光飞逝啊!”然后意识到他们已经付出了沉重的代价。分析本段的内容可知B项(一切都是匆匆忙忙完成的)符合题意。在本段中说他们匆匆忙忙地工作而不是奔跑去上班，A错误。他们抱怨没有足够的时间而不是没有足够的时间，故C是错误的。而D项与题干无关。故不选，分析可知B项符合题意。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎