安徽省安庆市桐城市2020高三下学期考试11英语试卷

安徽省安庆市桐城市2020高三下学期考试11英语试卷

英语试卷 一、 阅读理解 (本大题共10小题，共20.0分)‎ FIRE plays an important role in maintaining woodland ecosystems but fire introduced to undergrowth too often destroys too much； as humans remain the leading cause of wildfire， the responsibility to minimize the damage done falls on our shoulders． Here are four man-made fires that highlight the mission to fight fire and help to replant the world's forests to counter the effects of deforestation．  Heilongjiang Fire-China， 1987  One of the largest fires ever to occur in history， the Heilongiiang Fire devoured three million acres of forest in the Greater Khingan Range． Reports attributed the fire's easy spread to dry conditions in the area-but it was excessive logging activity without any effort to let the forest regrow that really let it rage unhindered． 34，000 soldiers were deployed to put the fire out， and 33，000 people were left homeless．  Wallow Fire-USA， 2011  Still the largest wildfire in Arizona's history， Wallow got its name when two men accidentally started it while camping in the Bear Wallow Wilderness． Their campfire blew out of control and burned through over half a million acres of land， costing ＄72 million to extinguish， and a further ＄37 million to clean up and rebuild after the damage． More than 6，000 people had to be evacuated．  Uttarakhand fires-India， 2016  Throughout the year， man-made fires plagued the pine forests of the Uttarakhand Region． Widespread media coverage eventually spurred the government on to intervene， sending Indian Air Force helicopters to put them out． It's suspected that these increased numbers could be the result of honey or seed collectors trying to frighten off animals．  Brandenburg Fire-Germany， 2018  Largely thanks to longer， dryer summers than usual-the forested area of Brandenburg， Germany， caught alight． Results of investigation suggested that evidence pointed to arson （纵火）． Brandenburg lost nearly 1，000 acres of its forested land and three nearby villages had to be evacuated． A choking， smoky haze drifted twelve miles to Berlin， causing residents to have to shut themselves in their home．   ‎ ‎1. The underlined word "devoured" in the second paragraph has the closest meaning to ______ ． ‎ A. detested ‎ B. destroyed ‎ C. detached ‎ D. detained ‎ ‎2. Which of the following is true about the four fires？ ______ ‎ A. The dry condition of the Greater Khingan Range was mainly responsible for the rage of Heilongjiang Fire． ‎ B. A total of ＄109 million was poured in putting out the Wallow Fire alone． ‎ C. Uttarakhand fires claimed so many lives that Air Force helicopters came to the rescue． ‎ D. The evidence suggested that the Brandenburg Fire might be caused by someone deliberately． ‎ ‎3. The most suitable title for this passage might be ______ ． ‎ A. hot weather setting the globe on fire ‎ B. forest blazes caused by human hands ‎ C. forest fires consuming people and money ‎ D. uncontained forest fires raging worldwide ‎"You can use me as a last resort（选择）， and if nobody else volunteers， then I will do it．" This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids' lacrosse（长曲棍球） club．  I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule， or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport． She may just need a little persuading． So I try again and tug at the heartstrings． I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on …At this point the unwilling parent speaks up， "Alright． Yes， I'll do it．"  I'm secretly relieved because I know there's real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many． The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule， sends out emails， and collects money for end-of-season gifts． Somewhere along the way， the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team． The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season． Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a ‎ goal．  Still， most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close． That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more： Connecting to the community（社区） as you freely give your time， money， skills， or services provides a real joy． Volunteering just feels so good．  In that sense， I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit．  However， if others benefit in the process， and I get some reward too， does it really matter where my motivation lies？   ‎ ‎4. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph l？ ______ ‎ A. She is stressed as a single mother． ‎ B. She doesn't like playing the lacrosse． ‎ C. Volunteering is not in her list． ‎ D. Her schedule is too demanding． ‎ ‎5. What is the aim when the author mentions some examples in the second paragraph ？ ______ ‎ A. The author wants to praise the volunteers． ‎ B. The author wants to persuade the parent． ‎ C. The author wants to promote good deeds． ‎ D. The author wants to offer some advice． ‎ ‎6. Why do so many people keep doing the volunteer work？ ______ ‎ A. It gives then a sense of joy． ‎ B. It brings them financial benefits． ‎ C. It enables them to work hard． ‎ D. It helps them keep energetic．‎ In the animal kingdom， weakness can bring about aggression in other animals． This sometimes happens with humans also． But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people． I see it every day when people hold doors for me， pour cream into my coffee， or helpme to put on my coat． And I have discovered that it makes them ‎ happy．  From my wheelchair experience， I see the best in people， but sometimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily． They don't get to see this soft side of others． Often， we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness， which includes a lot of pretending． But only when we stop pretending we're brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness that's in them．  Last month， when I was driving home on a busy highway， I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual． People behind me began to get impatient and angry， with some speeding up alongside me， horning （按喇叭）or even shouting at me． At the moment I decided to do something I had never done in twenty-four years of driving． I put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed．  No more angry shouts and no more horns!  When I put on my flashlights， I was saying to other drivers， "I have a problem here． I am weak and doing the best I can． And everyone understood． Several times， I saw drivers who wanted to pass． They couldn't get around me because of the stream of passing traffic． But instead of getting impatient and angry， they waited， knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak．  Sometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we don't feel that way． But those are few and far between． More often， it would be better if we don't， pretend we feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that we are brave when we are scared．   ‎ ‎7. Why did the author put on the car flashlights？ ______ ‎ A. He signaled to other drivers for help． ‎ B. He wanted to challenge other drivers． ‎ C. He wanted to have a better view of the road． ‎ D. He was suggesting that he had a problem． ‎ ‎8. What is the best title of the passage？ ______ ‎ A. Weakness sometimes brings out kindness． ‎ B. Always be ready to help others． ‎ C. We kness reduces our bravery． ‎ D. Never show your weakness．‎ There's more fresh water hidden below Earth's surface in underground aquifers （含水层） than any other source besides the ice sheets． That groundwater earns an unshakably important place for rivers worldwide， keeping them running even when droughts bring their waters ‎ low．  But in recent decades humans have pumped trillions of gallons out of those underground reservoirs． In a new research， water experts and scientists are taking a global look at where groundwater is already being extracted at such a rate that it has caused water levels to drop so much in rivers and streams that they will slip into the ecological danger zone．  Much of that water is being removed much faster than it can be refilled． That has enormous potential consequences for people and crops in areas that don't get enough rain． But far before those impacts emerge， the effects will fiercely hit rivers， streams， and the habitats around them． Hundreds of rivers and streams around the world would become so water-stressed that the entire ecological system would hit a danger point， says Inge de Graaf， the lead author of the research． "We can really consider this ecological effect like a ticking time bomb，" she says． "If we pump the groundwater now， we don't see the impacts until like 10 years further or even longer．"  But the severity of the impacts might still be underestimated． As a baseline， they used the global water demand in 2010 and spun their climate model forward to predict how stresses on groundwater systems might develop． But as populations swell and the demand for food rises， those stresses could skyrocket for reasons other than climate change， speeding along the extraction from underground water sources．  The effects of over-pumping groundwater take years， if not decades， to become visible．  Changes in rain have immediate， obvious effects on river flow． When it pours， rivers often rage． But groundwater is hidden and changes don't always manifest in the place where the pumping occurs and are programmed to "wait for the perfect moment"． That makes aquifer management issues extra challenging． In the meantime， rivers and streams are the signal that says we're using water in an unsustainable fashion， we need to take a hard look at what we're doing．"．   ‎ ‎9. The underlined word "extracted" in the second paragraph can be replaced by ______ ． ‎ A. pumped ‎ B. distracted ‎ C. contracted ‎ D. filled ‎ ‎10. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？ ______ ‎ A. The water removed from the ground can be fully refilled． ‎ B. The effects of over-pumping groundwater are not immediate． ‎ C. The groundwater only takes effects during droughts． ‎ D. Fresh water hidden below Earth's surface is more than any other source．‎ 二、 单选题 (本大题共15小题，共15.0分)‎ ‎11. Exercise is a good way to relieve_____________after a hard day．（　　）‎ A. tension B. abortion C. submission D. adoption ‎12. There is something I need to talk to you-it's a_____________matter．（　　）‎ A. deliberate B. delicate C. desperate D. definite ‎13. I looked at the map to_____________my memory of the route．（　　）‎ A. refresh B. relax C. relieve D. register ‎14. We didn't travel much during the holiday，______because of the tight budget，but also because of the huge crowds．（　　）‎ A. in turn B. in part C. in vain D. in effect ‎15. I have never_____________the view that schooldays are the happiest days of your life．（　　）‎ A. contributed to B. subscribed to C. added to D. applied to ‎16. I am shocked by what you have done． How_____________you be so stupid？（　　）‎ A. need B. should C. can D. must ‎17. -Chinese women's volleyball team proves that with hardships ______great success．  -Absolutely! Opportunities favor the prepared mind．（　　）‎ A. comes B. is coming C. will come D. are coming ‎18. We both used to work at the airport-that's_____________we met．（　　）‎ A. where B. when C. why D. how ‎19. -Where is your new home now？  -In the new developed zone．But I downtown for five years．（　　）‎ A. have lived B. had lived C. lived D. was living ‎20. Unluckily， when I dropped in， Dr． Smith _____， so we only had time for a few words．（　　）‎ A. just left B. was just leaving C. has just left D. had just left ‎21. New energy vehiclesharing projects ________ in dozens of cities across the country to fuel China's sharing economy in the next few years．（　　）‎ A. are to carry out B. are being carried out C. were carried out D. will have been carried out ‎22. When enough years__________to enable us to look back， we sometimes discussed the events leading to his accident．（　　）‎ A. went by B. were to go by C. had gone by D. goes by ‎23. --What impresses you most about her garden， the flowers， the bushes or whatever？  --_____________the garden is laid out．（　　）‎ A. Where B. How C. Because D. When ‎24. Our neighbor is always doing what he can to help those in need． He is really ______．（　　）‎ A. a Scrooge B. a good Samaritan C. a sacred cow D. a Judas ‎25. —There won't be anywhere to park．  —Oh，________．Let's try the subway．（　　）‎ A. that's a real bargain B. that's a good point C. that's really something D. that's all settled 三、 完形填空 (本大题共20小题，共20.0分)‎ This is the story of two lovers， who finally got married． Both of them were romantic at first，  26  on the walk of life， problems， quarrels， profession came into their life．  One day， she finally decided "I want to break  27  "． "Why？" he asked． "I am  28  ．" she answered．  He kept  29  the whole night， seemingly in deep thought， finally he asked， "What can I do to  30  your mind？"  Looking into his eyes she said， "Answer my question． If you can  31  my heart， I will change my mind． Let's say， I want a flower  32  on the face of a mountain cliff （悬崖）， we both are sure that picking the flower will cause your  33  ． will you do it for me？"  He said， "I will give you my  34  tomorrow．"  She woke up the next morning， found him  35  ， and saw a piece of paper on her bed， which goes "My dear， I would not pick that flower for you， the  36  are …"  "When you use the computer you always  37  the software， and you cry in front of the screen． I have to save my fingers so that I can help to  38  the programs． You always leave the house keys behind， thus ‎ I have to save my  39  to rush home to open the door for you． You love traveling but always lose your way in a （n）  40  city． I have to save my eyes to show you the way． You always  41  at the computer， and  42  will do nothing good for your eyes． I have to save my eyes so that when we grow old， I can help to clip your nails and help to remove those  43  white hairs．"  "Thus， my dear，  44  I am sure that there is someone who loves you mote than I do …I could not pick that flower yet， and die …"  That's life， and love． flowers， and romantic moments are only used and appear on the  45  of the relationship． Under all this， the pillar of true love stands．   ‎ ‎26. A. and B. but C. or D. so ‎27. A. off B. out C. in D. up ‎28. A. lonely B. shamed C. worried D. tired ‎29. A. calm B. sad C. silent D. cautious ‎30. A. speak B. blow C. change D. keep ‎31. A. represent B. expand C. convince D. admit ‎32. A. falling B. growing C. interest D. waiting ‎33. A. attention B. death C. interest D. sadness ‎34. A. answer B. agreement C. letter D. notice ‎35. A. missing B. gone C. dead D. hidden ‎36. A. reasons B. meanings C. messages D. aims ‎37. A. turn up B. put up C. mess up D. use up ‎38. A. restore B. recall C. remind D. reply ‎39. A. dollars B. patience C. energy D. legs ‎40. A. ancient B. strange C. underground D. modern ‎41. A. stare B. jump C. shout D. knock ‎42. A. which B. that C. what D. where ‎43. A. lovely B. nice C. annoying D. dusty ‎44. A. unless B. if C. when D. after ‎45. A. principle B. way C. surface D. nature 四、 书面表达 (本大题共1小题，共25.0分)‎ ‎46. Passage 1  Nature is shrinking by the day in the name of progress． The loss of biodiversity could be a disaster． Biodiversity refers to the variety of plants， animals and other living things which are all inter-connected． The problem is that the concept of biodiversity is so vague． People might care about brown bears， but it is much harder to excite them about the fate of microscopic sea creatures which are being boiled to death in the cooling systems of power stations along coastlines．  Passage 2  The Guardian newspaper has launched the Biodiversity 100 campaign to try to convince governments around the world to take action． This includes persuading the UK government to create a series of marine reserves to reverse the decline in sea-life caused by industrial fishing， banning the fishing of live sharks at sea by some Asian countries， and stopping the slaughter of dingoes in Australia， among many other things．  写作内容：  1、用 30 单词左右写出上文概要；  2、用约 120 单词阐述你对这个话题的看法，内容包括：  （1）你如何看待保护动物多样性的意义？  （2）作为中学生，你如何为保护动物多样性做出贡献？ 写作要求：  1、写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；  2、作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；  3、不必写标题．‎ ‎ ‎ 英语试卷答案 一、 阅读理解 (本大题共10小题，共20.0分)‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】B ‎【小题2】D ‎【小题3】B ‎【小题1】C ‎【小题2】B ‎【小题3】A ‎【小题1】D ‎【小题2】A ‎【小题1】A ‎【小题2】B 二、 单选题 (本大题共15小题，共15.0分)‎ ‎11【答案】A 12【答案】B 13【答案】A 14【答案】B ‎ ‎15【答案】B 16【答案】C17【答案】A 18【答案】D ‎ ‎19【答案】C20【答案】B 21【答案】B 22【答案】C ‎23【答案】B 24【答案】B 25【答案】B 三、 完形填空 (本大题共20小题，共20.0分)‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【小题1】B ‎【小题2】D ‎【小题3】D ‎【小题4】C ‎【小题5】C ‎【小题6】C ‎【小题7】B ‎【小题8】B ‎【小题9】A ‎【小题10】B ‎【小题11】A ‎【小题12】C ‎【小题13】A ‎【小题14】D ‎【小题15】B ‎【小题16】A ‎【小题17】B ‎【小题18】C ‎【小题19】A ‎【小题20】C 四、 书面表达 (本大题共1小题，共25.0分)‎ ‎46【答案】‎ Biodiversity is suffering devastating damage nowadays， and not every species gets due public awareness． Luckily， campaigns like the Biodiversity 100 are appealing to governments to advocate better living conditions for endangered ‎ species．（生物的多样性遭到重大破坏，现在有人们在积极行动改善濒危物种的生存条件）  Since the organisms of the ecosystems are inter-connected， if species or populations of a species disappear， it can have harmful effects on the rest of the ecosystem．（高分句型一）Declining biodiversity is therefore a concern for many reasons． For example， greater species diversity ensures natural sustainability for all life forms and provides a number of natural services for everyone； healthy ecosystems can better withstand and recover from a variety of disasters．（对保护动物多样性的意义的看法）  So it makes sense for everyone to make efforts to maintain biodiversity． As for students， we can help by learning more about the significance of preserving biodiversity and promoting the ideas of sustainable developments and consumption． If everyone can start by not buying or using products that harm biodiversity， we can surely make a difference．（高分句型二）（作为中学生，应该为保护动物多样性做出贡献）‎