2019二轮复习阅读理解专题事实细节题考点解读课件（73张）

2019二轮复习阅读理解专题事实细节题考点解读课件（73张）

事实细节题考点解读 2019 二轮复习 阅读 理解 真题再练 1. 直接信息题 (2017 全国 Ⅱ 卷 ·23) National Theatre of China Beijing | Chinese Date & Time: Saturday 28 April, 2:30 pm & Sunday 29 April, 1:30 pm & 6:30 pm Marjanishvili Theatre Tbilisi | Georgian Date & Time: Friday 18 May,2:30 pm & Saturday 19 May,7:30 pm Deafinitely Theatre London | British Sign Language (BSL) Date & Time: Tuesday 22 May, 2:30 pm & Wednesday 23 May,7:30 pm Habima National Theatre Tel Aviv | Hebrew Date & Time: Monday 28 May,7:30 pm & Tuesday 29 May,7:30 pm △ When can you see a play in Hebrew? A. On Saturday 28 April. B. On Sunday 29 April. C. On Tuesday 22 May. D. On Tuesday 29 May. D 直接信息题。 √ 2. 语意转换题 (2017 全国 Ⅲ 卷 ·25) The film classic The Last Picture Show was the last movie shown in the old theater. Though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. The movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down. 电影院老板觉得这部电影比较适合。 △ Why was The Last Picture Show put on? A. It was an all-time classic. B. It was about the history of the town. C. The audience requested it. D. The theater owner found it suitable. D 语意转换题。 根据本段“ he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate” 可知电影院老板觉得这部电影比较适合。 appropriate 与 D 项中的 suitable 同义 。 √ 3. 综合信息题 (2016 全国 Ⅲ 卷 ·25) On one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes, another customer was approaching their table. “Hey, aren’t you from Mississippi?” the elegant, white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger. “I’m from Mississippi too.” Without a second thought, the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair. “They began telling me all the news of Mississippi,” Welty said… △ What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe? A. Two strangers joined her. B. Her childhood friends came in. C. A heavy rain ruined the dinner. D. Some people held a party there. √ 4. 信息概括题 (2017 全国卷 Ⅲ·30) The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations—major food sources ( 来源 ) for the wolf—grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation ( 植被 ), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park’s red foxes, and completely drove away the park’s beavers. 灰狼的消失带来了许多意想不到的后果 后果 △ What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about? A. Damage to local ecology. B. A decline in the park’s income. C. Preservation of vegetation. D. An increase in the variety of animals. A 信息概括题。 本段第一句告诉我们“灰狼的消失带来了许多意想不到的后果”。 √ 5. 信息推断题 (2017 全国 Ⅱ 卷 ·29)Around 100 people have already put down a ＄ 10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost ＄ 279,000. And it won’t help if you’re stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway. 价格非常昂贵 Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways? A. It causes traffic jams. B. It is difficult to operate. C. It is very expensive. D. It burns too much fuel. C 信息推断题。 本段中的“ But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost ＄ 279,000.” 可知， 不要期望 Transition 会在很多车道出现，因为它预计需要花费 ＄ 279,000 ，因此可推断 这款飞行汽车的价格非常昂贵 ， 故选 C 项。 √ 6. 数字计算题 (2010 全国卷 ·55) Ariau Amazon Towers The Ariau Amazon Towers hotel … Prices, starting at ＄ 300 one night for each person for a regular room and going all the way up to ＄ 3000 for the Tarzan Suite.… The Ice Hotel Every winter in Jukkasjarvi, … Prices: starting at ＄ 318 one night for each person for either a cold room or a warm one.… Propeller Island Propeller Island City Lodge is … Prices: starting at just ＄ 91 a night, and an additional person for only 20 extra dollars.… 简单运算： 91 ＋ 20 ＝ 111 ；故选 A 项 △ For two persons spending a night in one of these hotels, they have to pay at least _____. A. ＄ 111 B. ＄ 182 C. ＄ 600 D. ＄ 636 △ For two persons spending a night in one of these hotels, they have to pay at least _____. A. ＄ 111 B. ＄ 182 C. ＄ 600 D. ＄ 636 A 数字计算题。 本题问：在这些酒店里，两人住一晚最少要花多少钱？第一步，读题：抓住关键词 “ two persons” “a night” 和“ at least” ；第二步，信息定位：浏览三个酒店的 Prices ，最低的是“ starting at just ＄ 91” ，全句是“ starting at just ＄ 91 a night, and an additional person for only 20 extra dollars” ；第三步，简单运算： 91 ＋ 20 ＝ 111 ；故选 A 项。 √ 关键词 7. 图表信息题 (2010 全国卷 · 56) 两大人和两小孩，适合该套票 △ How much is the admission for a family of two grown-ups and two children ？ A. ￡ 9.80. B. ￡ 12.00. C. ￡ 14.20. D. ￡ 16.40. 7. B 家庭票的价格包括两个大人再加至多三个小孩，本题是 两大人和两小孩，适合该套票。故选 B 项。 √ 思路点拨 文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。具体信息有时可以直接从文章中获取，有时则需要进行归纳、概括或推断后才能得到。 事实细节题就是考查考生对文中具体信息的理解，其答案信息可能只涉及文中一个句子，也可能涉及多个句子或一个段落，甚至可能需要跨段落理解，才可以选出正确答案 。这类题包括： 1. 直接信息题。 就是在原文可直接找到答案的题，每年一篇的信息类文本，多半是这类题。 2. 语意转换题。 在文中不能直接找到现有的答案，正确答案与文中信息虽意思相同但表达方式不同。 3. 信息综合题。 就是综合文中出现的两个或多个信息点才可选出正确选项。 4. 信息概括题。 就是根据多个信息点进行概括从而得出正确选项。 5. 信息推断题。 就是在理解文中具体信息的基础上，要进行简单推理才可选出正确答案。 6. 数字计算题。 在文中找到相关数字，进行简单计算得出答案。 7. 图表信息题。 要理解图表上的信息，有的题目还要将图表信息与文字信息相结合才能得出正确答案。 不论哪类事实细节题，我们在弄清题目所问之后， 第一步，在题干中选定关键词 ( 专有名词、数字、缩略词等 ) ； 第二步，用选定的关键词 ( 一般用 1 或 2 个 ) 去文中寻找答题信息句 ； 第三步，仔细阅读找到的信息句及其上下句，对照选项，选出正确答案 。可概括为“ 一定二找三比较”。 考点练透 1. △ What made the chick calm down? A. A new nest. B. Some food. C. A recording. D. Its parents. A 直接信息题。 “ A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.” √ 2. △ What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage? A. Artistic creation. B. Scientific research. C. Money making. D. Treasure hunting. C 直接信息题。 由题干中的 1914 voyage 将答案信息点定位于最后： Shackleton…started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography 。 由 to make money… 可知， 1914 年航行的目的是赚钱。 √ « 专题微练 » P131 页 —— 事实细节题 2019 高考 阅读理解 —— 事实细节题 II 2019 高考 阅读理解 3. △ Scientists find from their studies that plants can_____. A. predict natural disasters B. protect themselves against insects C. talk to one another intentionally D. help their neighbors when necessary B 语意转换题。 “有的植物发出难闻的化学物质，使昆虫不接近”和“有的植物发出香味来吸引袭击者的天敌，以达到用袭击者天敌来消灭袭击者”， “ protect themselves against insects” =keep insects away √ 4. △ What is the purpose of the DriveLAB? A. To explore new means of transport. B. To design new types of cars. C. To find out older drivers’ problems. D. To teach people traffic rules. C 语意转换题。 “in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are” √ 5. △ What does a plant do when it is under attack? A. It makes noises. B. It gets help from other plants. C. It stands quietly. D. It sends out certain chemicals. D 信息综合题。 send out certain chemicals 就是 send out a particular smell 和 These chemicals 两个信息点的综合。 √ 6. △ What can we learn about the characters in Welty’s fiction? A. They live in big cities. B. They are mostly women. C. They come from real life. D. They are pleasure seekers. √ C 信息概括题。 由题干中的 characters 可将答案信息 定位在最后两段 。 倒数第二段 Welty 说她不必编造小说中的人物形象。“访友、逛街、坐车”等概括起来，就是“真实生活 。 7. △ Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship? A. They were of the same age. B. They worked in the same theater. C. They were both good actors. D. They had similar characteristics. √ D 信息概括题。 最后一句： Those were also at the core ( 核心 ) of our relationship ( 这些也是我俩关系的核心所在 ) 是该段的总结句。这些具体信息概括起来就是“ 他们有共同的特点”。 8. △ Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first? A. Paul Newman wanted it. B. The studio powers didn’t like his agent. C. He wasn’t famous enough. D. The director recommended someone else. C 信息推断题。 由第一段第二句：“ When the studio didn’t want me for the film—it wanted somebody as well known as Paul” ，作者的名气不够大，所以不想让作者出演那个角色，故选 C 。 √ 9. △ What can we learn about Decio? A. It is a new variety. B. It has a strange look. C. It is rarely seen now. D. It has a special taste. C 信息推断题。 第二句中：“ …it can be quite an eye-opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence ， such as Decio which was grown by the Romans 。 推断 Decio 非常稀少，其中 quite an eye-opener 和 still in existence 是关键词。 √ 10. △ How much did the lottery winner lose? A. One hundred dollars. B. Two hundred dollars. C. Three hundred dollars. D. Four hundred dollars. √ A 数字计算题。 “ I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery.” 和“ We then discover that he bought ＄ 200 worth of tickets, and only one was a winner.” 可知，此人共买 200 美元的彩票，最后中了一次 100 美元的奖，因此，他实际上损失了 100 美元，故选 A 项。