2019-2020学年新教材高中英语Unit1 Food for

2019-2020学年新教材高中英语Unit1 Food for

Section Ⅲ　Using language & Writing 情态动词(一)‎ 一、概述 情态动词表示说话人的语气或情绪，如可能、意愿、猜测、义务、需要等。‎ 情态动词有以下特征：‎ ‎1．有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，后面接动词原形。‎ ‎2．没有人称和数的变化(have to 除外)。‎ ‎3．多数情态动词都有过去式，如can—could，may—might, will—would, dare—dared等。情态动词的“时态”并不是区分时间的主要标志。很多情况下，情态动词的原形和过去式都可用于多种时态。‎ 二、情态动词的基本用法 ‎1．can与could的用法 ‎(1)表示能力，常译为“能，会”。could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力。‎ ‎◆I can speak English and French, but I can’t speak Japanese.‎ 我会讲英语和法语，但是不会讲日语。‎ ‎◆When she was 8 years old, she could play the piano very well.‎ 当她八岁时，她就能很好地弹钢琴了。‎ ‎(2)表示许可或请求(在陈述句中属于“许可”，在疑问句中属于“请求”)，常译为“可以”；could比can的语气更加委婉。‎ ‎◆—Can/Could I use your computer？(请求允许)‎ ‎——我可以用一下你的电脑吗？‎ ‎—Of course, you can.(表示允许)‎ ‎——当然可以。‎ ‎(3)表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。‎ ‎◆—Can the lady over there be our boss?‎ ‎——在那边的那位女士可能是我们的老板吗？‎ ‎—It can’t be her.I saw our boss in the office just now.‎ ‎——不可能是她。我刚刚看见我们的老板在办公室里。‎ ‎◆My glasses aren’t here.Where can I have put them?‎ 我的眼镜不在这里。我可能把它们放哪儿了呢？‎ ‎(4)表示理论上或习惯上的可能性，意为“可能会”。‎ - 15 -‎ ‎◆Jogging can be beneficial to the health.‎ 慢跑可能对身体健康有益。‎ can ‎ ‎(1)单纯地表示一个人有某种能力；‎ ‎(2)只有过去式could be able ‎ to ‎(1)表示某人通过努力、克服困难做成某事；‎ ‎(2)可用于各种时态 ‎◆He could swim when he was five years old.‎ 他5岁时就会游泳。‎ ‎◆After years of hard work he was able to win the prize.‎ 经过多年的艰苦努力，他终于获了奖。‎ ‎2．must与have to的用法 ‎(1)must表示义务、必要性、命令等，意为“必须，应该”，更强调主观态度。‎ ‎①must用于一般疑问句时，其肯定答语应用“Yes, you must.”。其否定答语应用“No, you needn’t.”或“No, you don’t have to.”。‎ ‎②must的否定式为must not/mustn’t，表示禁止。‎ ‎◆(2018·天津卷)Still we must climb and dream about what’s at the top of our mountain.‎ 我们必须勇于攀登人生的巅峰并憧憬美好未来。‎ ‎◆The law states that people mustn’t drive after drinking alcohol.‎ 法律禁止人们酒后驾车。‎ ‎◆—Must I finish the work tomorrow?‎ ‎——我明天必须完成这份工作吗？‎ ‎—Yes, you must.(No, you needn’t/don’t have to.)‎ ‎——是的，你必须完成。(不，不必。)‎ ‎(2)must表示推测，语气最为肯定，一般只用于肯定句，意为“一定，准是”。‎ ‎◆She must be tired after such a long walk.‎ 走了这么长的路，她一定累了。‎ ‎(3)must表示“偏要，偏偏”。表示说话者对主语发出的动作是不满的，甚至是生气的。‎ ‎◆If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over.‎ 如果你非要走的话，至少等到暴风雨结束。‎ ‎(4)have to强调客观需要，意为“不得不，必须”，后跟动词原形。口语中也常说have got to。它的特点是have有人称、时态的变化。‎ ‎◆I have to change the time for the lesson from morning to afternoon for some - 15 -‎ ‎ reasons.(肯定句)‎ 由于某些原因我不得不把上课时间由早晨改到下午。‎ ‎◆(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)You don’t have to run fast or for long to see the benefit.(否定句)‎ 你没必要为看到效果而跑太快或时间太长。‎ ‎◆Where have you to go next？(疑问句)‎ 下一步你必须去哪里？‎ must和have to的区别 ‎(1)二者都是“必须”的意思，have to表示客观的需要，must表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观的必要。‎ ‎◆We must finish the work before lunch.　我们必须在午饭前完成这项工作。(强调有义务早完成工作，不要拖延。)‎ ‎◆We have to finish the work before lunch.‎ 我们必须在午饭前完成这项工作。(强调客观情况迫使，如不完成就会……，是不得已而为之。)‎ ‎(2)在否定结构中，don’t have to表示“不必”，mustn’t表示“禁止”。‎ ‎3．need的用法 need作情态动词时，后跟动词原形，表示“需要，有必要”，无人称和数的变化，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。‎ ‎◆(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports.‎ 如果你时间不充裕，你只需要跑一半的时间就可以获得和其他运动同样的效果。‎ ‎◆—Need I make an appointment with Doctor Wang ahead of time?‎ ‎——我需要与王医生提前预约吗？‎ ‎—Yes, you must./—No, you needn’t.‎ ‎——是的，你需要。/——不，没必要。‎ ‎◆(2017·天津卷)My room is a mess, but I needn’t clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.‎ 我的房间很乱，但今晚出去之前我不需要打扫，我会早晨打扫的。‎ 由need引导的一般疑问句的肯定回答常用must或have to，否定回答常用needn’t。‎ ‎4．dare的用法 dare表示“敢”，作情态动词时主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，‎ - 15 -‎ 一般不用在肯定句中。‎ ‎◆The little girl dare not speak in public.‎ 小女孩不敢在公众面前说话。‎ ‎◆She dare not go out alone at night.‎ 她晚上不敢独自出门。‎ ‎5．had better的用法 ‎ ‎(1)had better 表示“最好……”，其否定形式为 had better not。‎ ‎◆He warned me that I had better not say anything about it.‎ 他警告我对此事最好只字不提。‎ ‎(2)had better表示提出建议、劝告或命令等，含有“应该做某事”之意。‎ ‎◆I thought you had better have my opinion first.‎ 我想你最好先听听我的意见。‎ ‎◆It’s very cold outside.You’d better put on more clothes.‎ 外面很冷，你最好多穿些衣服。‎ 选词填空 ‎1．“All passengers must(can/must) wear seat belts，”an air hostess said.‎ ‎2．You mustn’t(mustn’t/needn’t) tell anybody else about this—it’s a secret.‎ ‎3．By the time she was eight, she could(could/can) read Greek and Latin.‎ ‎4．They had__to(have to/must) stay in the office last night because of the snowstorm.‎ ‎5．We need(need/dare) learn from others in an openminded way.‎ 语法与写作 ‎1．他如此强壮以至于我不敢和他打。‎ He is so strong that I dare__not__fight against him.‎ ‎2．有时他的工作可能很无趣，并且他每天不得不工作很长时间。‎ Sometimes his job can be boring, and he has__to__work for a long time every day.‎ ‎3．红灯亮时不许过马路。‎ You mustn’t__go__across__the__road when the traffic lights are red.‎ ‎4．你了解这个情况，因此我不必进一步解释了。‎ You understand the situation, so I needn’t__explain__it any further.‎ ‎5．我们不敢开他玩笑，以免他生气。‎ We dare__not__play__jokes on him lest he should become angry.‎ - 15 -‎ 推荐信 文体感知 推荐信是向别人推荐某人、某物或某地，让对方接受自己的想法、主张。推荐理由要语气恰当，礼貌当先。同时，推荐信要简洁明确、理由充足，具有合理性和说服力。一般使用“三段式”写作。通常包括： ‎ 第一段：说明写信目的； ‎ 第二段：阐明推荐理由；‎ 第三段：表达希望对方接受自己的推荐并期盼回复。‎ 增分佳句 ‎1．The reason why I recommend you to listen to the song is that the music is a good symbol of Chinese culture.‎ ‎2．I’m very excited to learn that you are going to visit America this summer.I’m writing this letter to offer my recommendation.‎ ‎3．In addition, I’ll recommend a reasonable tour route to you so that you can save a lot of time.‎ ‎4．We’d like to recommend a hotel near the subway to you in order to get around New York easily.‎ ‎5．I’ll be more than happy if you can take my ideas/suggestions into consideration.‎ ‎6．I’ll be extremely pleased if you can consider my recommendation.‎ 写作要求 假设你是李华，刚来你校的交换生约翰请你为他推荐一个生日聚餐的好去处。请根据以下要点提示，给他写一封信介绍你去过的一家中国餐馆。‎ ‎1．餐馆位置：市中心，交通便利；‎ ‎2．就餐环境：干净、舒适；‎ ‎3．菜品特色：种类丰富、美味可口、价格实惠。‎ 注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear John，‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ - 15 -‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Best regards，‎ Li Hua 审题谋篇 项目 结论 体裁 应用文 话题 推荐餐馆 时态 一般现在时 人称 第一人称 词句推敲 ‎1．词汇 ‎①介绍……给……　　　　　 introduce...to...‎ ‎②推荐 recommend ‎③方便的，便利的 convenient ‎④各种各样的饭菜 a__variety__of__dishes ‎⑤一个不错的选择 a__good__choice ‎2．句式 ‎①我很高兴向你介绍一家中国餐馆过生日。我和家人上周末去了那里。‎ 普通表达：I am happy to introduce a Chinese restaurant to you for your birthday.I went there with my family last weekend.‎ 高级表达：I__am__happy__to__introduce__a__Chinese__restaurant__to__you__for__your__‎ birthday,__where__I__went__with__my__family__last__weekend. (用where引导非限制性定语从句改写)‎ ‎②那里面的环境非常舒适干净，有美妙的音乐，墙上还有让人赏心悦目的画。‎ 普通表达：The environment inside is very comfortable and clean and there is fantastic music and amazing pictures on the walls.‎ 高级表达：The__environment__inside__is__very__comfortable__and__clean__with ‎__fantastic__music__and__pleasant__pictures__on__the__walls.(用with复合结构改写)‎ ‎③它提供各种各样的饭菜，它们非常好吃但不贵。‎ - 15 -‎ 普通表达：It offers a variety of dishes.They are delicious but not expensive.‎ 高级表达：It__offers__a__variety__of__dishes,__which__are__delicious__but__not ‎__expensive.(用which引导非限制性定语从句改写)‎ 妙笔成篇 ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ One possible version：‎ Dear__John，‎ I am happy to introduce a Chinese restaurant to you for your birthday, where I went with my family last weekend.There are several reasons I like it.‎ First, I recommend it because it is located in the city centre and it’s convenient to get there.Second, the environment inside is very comfortable and clean with fantastic music and pleasant pictures on the walls.Third, the service there is really excellent.Last but not least, it offers a variety of dishes, which are delicious but not expensive.‎ So I am sure this restaurant would be a good choice.‎ I will be more than happy if you can take my suggestions into consideration.‎ Best__regards，‎ Li__Hua 选词填空 ‎1．If you earn more than 5，000 yuan, you have__to(have to/can) pay tax(税)．‎ ‎2．You can’t(can’t/needn’t) go to the wedding in that old shirt.It is out of fashion.‎ ‎3．If you can lend me the money, I needn’t(shouldn’t/needn’t) go to the bank.‎ ‎4．The students mustn’t(mustn’t/needn’t) make a noise in the reading room.‎ - 15 -‎ ‎5．You’re John’s good friend, so you must(must/have to) know what he likes to do at the weekend.‎ ‎6．You needn’t(couldn’t/needn’t) tell me anything if you don’t want to.‎ ‎7．It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but it can(can/must) be rather cold sometimes.‎ ‎8．They dare(dare/must) not walk into the forest because it was so dark.‎ ‎9．—Mike may be in the classroom, I think.‎ ‎—No，he can’t(can’t/mustn’t) be in the classroom.I saw him go home a minute ago.‎ ‎10．—May I smoke here?‎ ‎—If you must(may/must), choose a seat in the smoking section.‎ ‎11．Before reading the book, you had__better(should/had better) ask yourself if you have the time.‎ ‎12．At the last moment the player was__able__to (could/was able to) hit the ball in.‎ 阅读理解 A Is there anything more important than health？I don’t think so.You can’t be good at your studies or work when you are ill.If you have a headache，or a bad cough，if you run a high temperature and have a bad cold，I think you should go to the doctor.The doctor will examine your throat，feel your pulse，take your temperature，sound your heart and lungs.After that he will advise some treatment，or some medicine.The only thing you have to do is follow his advice.‎ Speaking of the doctor’s advice，I can’t help telling you a funny story.An old man came to see the doctor.The man was very ill.He told the doctor about his weakness，memory loss and serious problems with his heart and lungs.The doctor examined him and said there was no medicine for his disease.He told his patient to go to a quiet place for a month and have a good rest.He also advised him to eat a lot of meat，drink two glasses of red wine every day and take long walks.In other words，the doctor advised him to follow the rule：“Eat at pleasure，drink with measure and enjoy life as it is.”The doctor also said that if the man wanted to be well again，he shouldn’t smoke more than one cigarette a day.‎ A month later the gentleman came into the doctor’s office.He looked cheerful ‎ - 15 -‎ and happy.He thanked the doctor and said that he__had__never__felt__a__healthier__man．“But you know，doctor，”he said，“it’s not easy to begin smoking at my age.”‎ ‎【解题导语】　作者认为健康很重要，并讲述了一个与健康有关的有趣的故事。‎ ‎1．The writer thinks that ________．‎ A．health is more important than wealth B．work is as important as study C．medicine is more important than pleasure D．nothing is more important than money A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Is there anything more important than health？I don’t think so.”可知，作者认为健康比什么都重要。故选A项。‎ ‎2．The doctor usually tells his patient what to do ________．‎ A．without examining the patient B．after he has examined the patient C．if the patient doesn’t take medicine D．unless the patient feels pain B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The doctor examined him and said there was no medicine for his disease.”可知，医生是在检查了病人以后才会告诉他们一些具体的治疗方案。‎ ‎3．The underlined part in the last paragraph means “________”．‎ A．he was feeling better than ever B．he wasn’t a healthy man C．he was feeling worse than before D．he will be well again A　解析：句意理解题。根据第三段中的“He looked cheerful and happy.He thanked the doctor and said that he__had__never__felt__a__healthier__man．”可知，他的状况很好，他是来感谢医生的，说明他现在很健康，比以往的任何时候感觉都好。故选A项。‎ ‎4．From the last sentence of the passage，we learn that the man ________ before the doctor told him not to smoke more than one cigarette a day.‎ A．was a heavy smoker B．didn’t smoke so much C．didn’t smoke D．began to learn to smoke C　解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“‘But you know，doctor，’ he said，‎ - 15 -‎ ‎‘it’s not easy to begin smoking at my age.’”可知，这个病人以前不抽烟。故C项正确。‎ B Living a healthy lifestyle lies in forming the right eating habits.Here are some of the good habits you can develop when it comes to healthy eating.‎ Drink plenty of water.You must drink at least 8 glasses of water a day.You may need even more water if you are in a hot environment or if you are exercising.‎ Eat breakfast.Breakfast is the most important meal of the day.A recent study has shown that those who eat breakfast will consume(消耗) an average of 100 calories less during the day than their colleagues who skipped breakfast.They will also be able to concentrate better.‎ Don’t skip lunch.If you do so, your blood sugar level will drop and your metabolism(新陈代谢) will slow down.When you get home you are starving and eat everything you can find.‎ We all need to snack from time to time, but please choose your snacks carefully.In fact, it’s a good idea to eat two healthy snacks besides your three main meals.Choose healthy snacks like fruit and vegetables, low fat yogurt, cottage cheese with apple sauce, and so on.‎ Eat your fruit and vegetables.We should eat at least 5 servings of fruit and vegetables a day.Take a piece of fruit for a snack, add some bananas and raisins to your favourite breakfast cereal, have a salad for lunch, and eat at least one vegetable at dinner each night.‎ Do not eat your dinner too late.Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed.This will give your body a chance to digest most of the food before you rest for the next 8 hours.Plan dinner for the week ahead of time and make sure you have everything you need in the house so other family members can get a head start on dinner if you have a late meeting at the office.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要就如何养成好的饮食习惯提出了几条具体的建议。‎ ‎5．How many good eating habits are mentioned in the passage?‎ A．Five.　　　　　　　　　 B．Six.‎ C．Seven. D．Eight.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据文章结构，‎ - 15 -‎ 可知第二至第七段说的是具体的有关好的饮食习惯的建议，共计六条。‎ ‎6．Which of the following statements is NOT true?‎ A．You should drink at least 8 glasses of water whatever the environment may be.‎ B．Breakfast, lunch, snack, dinner, fruit and vegetables are equally important.‎ C．It is suggested that you eat your dinner at seven if you plan to go to bed at ten.‎ D．It is good for your health to eat fruit and vegetables at each meal every day.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据常识可以判断出B项说法不正确，其余三项都可以在文中找到依据。‎ ‎7．The underlined word “raisins” most probably means “________” .‎ A．dried grapes B．peach leaves C．pieces of cheese D．peanuts A　解析：词义猜测题。dried grapes“葡萄干”；peach leaves“桃叶”；pieces of cheese“几块奶酪”；peanuts“花生”。本段主要讲的是吃水果和蔬菜。故选A。‎ ‎8．Who is this passage intended for?‎ A．Students. B．Office workers.‎ C．Housewives. D．Cooks.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“colleagues”及最后一段中的最后一句“Plan dinner for the week...meeting at the office.”可知B正确。‎ 语法填空 Do you know what the number one killer in the United States is? According to researches, heart disease 1.____________(think) to cause the most deaths in the US.With all the junk food that is available nowadays, heart disease has turned into the biggest problem today.‎ So what’s the 2.____________(solve) to this problem？The answer is simple.We just need to eat healthier food and the risk of heart disease will be 3.____________(great) reduced.In fact, we can add about 15 years to our lives by just 4.____________(change) a few things in our diets.‎ To have a healthy body, we need to eat more raw(未经加工的) foods, and most importantly，vegetables.5.____________ reason why people in the past 6.____________(seek) ways to cook food is that the food was often 7.____________(dirt)．In African villages, people must go to rivers and get water 8.____________ them.They boiled it first 9.____________(kill) bacteria and then they would drink it.Nowadays, the food we get from stores is basically edible - 15 -‎ ‎(可食用的)．It is very safe for us to eat already, 10.____________ means we are not taking any risks if we have raw food diets.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了从饮食上降低心脏病风险的有效方法。‎ ‎1．is thought　解析：考查动词的时态和语态。heart disease和think之间是被动关系，且是一般性的表述，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。‎ ‎2．solution　解析：考查名词。根据前面的冠词the可知，此处用名词solution作表语。‎ ‎3．greatly　解析：考查副词。修饰动词reduced，因此用great的副词形式，意为“极大地”。‎ ‎4．changing　解析：考查非谓语动词。by是介词，因此后面用动名词作介词的宾语。‎ ‎5．The　解析：考查冠词。reason在这里是特指，why引导定语从句，因此用定冠词the。‎ ‎6．sought　解析：考查动词的时态。in the past表明此处应该用一般过去时。‎ ‎7．dirty　解析：考查形容词。系动词was后面应该接形容词作表语。‎ ‎8．from　解析：考查介词。这里表示“从河里取水”，因此用介词from。‎ ‎9．to kill　解析：考查非谓语动词。他们把水煮开的目的是杀死细菌，因此这里用不定式表目的。‎ ‎10．which　解析：考查关系代词。which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话，which在句中作主语。‎ 书面表达 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Lisa发来邮件，说她最近经常熬夜学习，感觉身体不适。请你给她写一封电子邮件，劝她注意休息并提出你的建议。‎ 注意：词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)。‎ Dear Lisa，‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua One possible version：‎ Dear__Lisa，‎ I’m sorry to hear you’re not feeling well.I think you should have a rest.‎ - 15 -‎ First, I don’t think you should stay up too late to study every night, because it can do harm to your health.You should learn to keep a balance between your studies and free time, and it’s especially important to get enough sleep.If you have to stay up, I suggest you eat more fresh vegetables and fruit.What’s more, if you really have difficulty in your studies, you can have a talk with your favourite teachers or best friends to ask for help.I’m sure they will be helpful.‎ I hope you’ll take good care of yourself and enjoy your life and studies!‎ Yours__sincerely，‎ Li__Hua ‎《哈利·波特》是英国作家J·K·罗琳于1997－2007年所著的魔幻文学系列小说，共7部。其中前六部以霍格沃茨魔法学校为主要舞台，描写的是主人公——年轻的巫师学生哈利·波特在霍格沃茨前后六年的学习生活和冒险故事；第七部描写的是哈利·波特在第二次巫界大战中在外寻找魂器并消灭伏地魔的故事。‎ ‎[词句积累]‎ ‎1．involved/In'vɒlvd/adj.‎ 参与的；有关联的 ‎2．mysterious/mI'stIərIəs/‎ adj.玄妙的；神秘的 ‎3．nonsense/'nɒnsns/n.胡闹；胡说 ‎4．drill/drIl/n.钻头；钻机；训练；操练 ‎5．beefy/'biːfI/adj.强壮的；结实的 ‎6．blonde/blɒnd/‎ adj.(头发)金色的 ‎7．Mrs. Dursley was thin and blonde and had nearly twice the usual amount of neck, which came in very useful as she spent so much of her time craning over garden fences, spying on the neighbors.‎ 分析：关系代词which引导定语从句修饰先行词neck，并在从句中作主语；spying on the neighbors是v.ing结构作伴随状语。‎ Harry Potter(excerpt)‎ Mr. and Mrs. Dursley, of number four, Privet Drive, were proud to say that they were perfectly normal, thank you very much. They were the last people you’d expect ‎ - 15 -‎ to be involved in anything strange or mysterious, because they just didn’t hold with such nonsense.‎ Mr. Dursley was the director of a firm called Grunnings, which made drills. He was a big, beefy man with hardly any neck, although he did have a very large mustache. Mrs. Dursley was thin and blonde and had nearly twice the usual amount of neck, which came in very useful as she spent so much of her time craning over garden fences, spying on the neighbors. The Dursleys had a small son called Dudley and in their opinion there was no finer boy anywhere.‎ The Dursleys had everything they wanted, but they also had a secret, and their greatest fear was that somebody would discover it. They didn’t think they could bear it if anyone found out about the Potters. Mrs. Potter was Mrs. Dursley’s sister, but they hadn’t met for several years; in fact, Mrs. Dursley pretended she didn’t have a sister, because her sister and her goodfornothing husband were as unDursleyish as it was possible to be. The Dursleys shuddered to think what the neighbors would say if the Potters arrived in the street. The Dursleys knew that the Potters had a small son, too, but they had never even seen him. This boy was another good reason for keeping the Potters away; they didn’t want Dudley mixing with a child like that.‎ ‎《哈利·波特》(节选)‎ 住在女贞路四号的德思礼先生及夫人，他们非常骄傲地宣称自己是十分正常的人，拜托拜托了。他们绝不会卷入任何奇怪或神秘的事情，因为他们对此总是嗤之以鼻。‎ 德思礼先生是一家叫作格朗宁的钻机公司的老板。他非常肥壮、结实，几乎肥到没有脖子，但却有一把大胡子。德思礼夫人则很瘦，一头金发。她的脖子有常人的两倍那么长，这使得她整天伸长脖子透过花园围栏去偷窥邻居家的动静变得非常容易。德思礼夫妇有个儿子叫作达力。在他们眼中，这世界上再没有比达力更棒的男孩了。‎ 德思礼一家几乎有他们想要的一切东西。但是他们也有一个秘密，而且他们最大的担心就是有一天别人会发现这个秘密。如果有人知道了关于波特一家的事，他们会受不了的。波特夫人是德思礼夫人的妹妹，但是她们已经有很多年没有见面了。事实上，德思礼夫人假装她从来没有什么妹妹，因为她的妹妹和那不中用的妹夫没有一丝一毫德思礼家族的风范。一想到波特一家的到来会招致邻居的议论，德思礼一家就会浑身发抖。德思礼一家知道波特夫妇也有一个儿子，只是未曾谋面。这个小男孩也成了德思礼一家避开波特一家的借口，因为他们不希望达力与这种小孩混在一起。‎ 四大核心素养养成档案 核心素养 具体能力 模块效果评价 问题原因分析 - 15 -‎ 语言能力 词汇的识记能力、语言的运用能力 文化品格 对中外文化的理解与鉴赏能力 思维品质 用英语进行分析、概括与推断的能力 学习能力 自我选用学习策略、方法和评价的能力 - 15 -‎