人教初中英语七年级下知识点讲解

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人教初中英语七年级下知识点讲解

七下1-12单元必背句子与词组 Unit1 Where’s your pen pal from? ‎ ‎1. --你的笔友来自哪里? -- Where is your pen pal from? (★无“实义动词come, 用is/are”)‎ ‎--他来自加拿大。-- He/She is from Canada.‎ 同义句:-- Where does your pen pal come from? (★有“实义动词come, 用do/does”)‎ ‎-- He/She comes from Canada.‎ ‎★来自:be from = come from 练:They’re _______ Australia, a beautiful country.‎ A. come from B. comes from C. from D. for ‎2. --你的笔友来自加拿大吗?-- Is your pen pal from Canada? (用法同上)‎ ‎--是的。-- Yes, he/she is.‎ 同义句:-- Does your pen pal come from Canada? (用法同上) -- Yes, he/she does.‎ ‎3. 他来自澳大利亚:He is from Australia. 他是澳大利亚人:He is Australian.‎ ‎4. --你的笔友住在哪里?-- Where does your pen pal live? ‎ ‎--他住在多伦多。-- He/She lives in Toronto.‎ 居住在某地:live in sp ‎ 与…某人一起生活:live with sb ‎ 练:-- When _____ the girl _____ her homework? -- In the evening.‎ A. does, does B. does, do C. is, do D. is, does ‎-- _______ your sister have a pen pal? Yes, she _______.‎ A. Is, is B. Does, do C. Can, can D. Does, does ‎-- Ling Tao is a Chinese, but now he _______ in the UK.‎ A. live B. is C. is from D. comes from ‎5. --你的笔友说什么语言?-- What language does your pen pal speak?‎ ‎--他说英语。-- He/She speaks English.‎ 说某种语言:speak+语言; ‎ 其他用法:speak a little+语言;‎ speak in+语言; ‎ 用某种语言说某东西:say sth in+语言;‎ 对某人说:say to sb ‎ 告诉某人:tell sb sth=tell sth to sb ‎ tell sb about sth ‎ tell sb to do sth ‎ tell sb not to do sth ‎ tell a lie/story/joke 撒谎、讲故事、开玩笑 练:My new pen pal ________ me that he can ________ Chinese but only a little.‎ I can’t ________ French, but I can ________ it in English.‎ ‎6. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去看电影:I like going to the movies with my friends.‎ ‎① 句型:喜欢做某事:like doing sth = like to do sth ‎ ‎② 去看电影:go to the movies ‎ 20‎ ‎③ 看电影:see a movie ‎7. 写信给某人:write to sb = write a letter to sb ‎ 互相写信:write to each other ‎ 互相写电子邮件:write e-mails to each other ‎8. 一部动作电影:an action movie ‎9. 告诉我关于你自己:tell me about yourself 讲故事:tell a story ‎ 讲故事给某人听:tell a story to sb ‎10. 在周末:on weekends ‎ 在平时:on the weekdays ‎11. 相似单词比较:(1) 信:letter 一点:little ‎ ‎(2) 法国:France 法语:French ‎12. (1) like v. 喜欢; 如:He likes reading. ‎ ‎(2) like prep. 像; 如:He looks like his mother.‎ ‎13. (1) country n. 国家; 如:There are many countries in the world. ‎ ‎(2) country n. 乡村;如:乡村音乐:country music He lives in the country.‎ ‎14. (1) from perp. 来自; 如:My pen pal is from Canada. ‎ ‎(2) from prep. 从; 如:Let’s read from the beginning of this book. Unit2 Where’s the post office? (ok)‎ Unit2 Where is the post office?‎ ‎1. 问路:(1) Excuse me, how can I get to the post office?‎ ‎(2) Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the post office?‎ ‎2. --这儿附近有一个邮局吗?-- Is there a post office near here?‎ ‎--是的。-- Yes, there is. (否定:No, there isn’t.)‎ ‎① there be翻译为“某地有(某物或某人)”,不能拆开翻译。 ‎ 用法:★There is+单数/不可数;There are+复数; ‎ ‎② 在附近:near here = in the neighborhood ‎3. –邮局在哪里?-- Where is the post office?‎ ‎--它在第五大街上。-- It’s on Fifth Avenue. (第五:用序数词fifth,★中间不加the) 在…街上:介词用on ‎4. 它在沿大桥街右侧:It’s down Bridge Street on the right. 沿…街左侧:down…street on the left ‎5. ★散步通过花园:Take a walk through the park. (through: 指“穿过park的内部”)‎ ‎6. ★在宾馆旁边是一间有着漂亮花园的小房子:Next to the hotel is a small house with a beautiful garden. (不能用has)‎ 20‎ ‎7. 我爸爸很享受散步的乐趣:My father enjoys taking a walk very much.‎ ‎① 句型:★享受做某事的乐趣:enjoy doing sth ‎ ‎② 散步:take a walk ‎ 去散步:go for a walk ‎ ‎③ 走着去某地:walk to sp = go to sp on foot ‎8. 这是花园之旅的开始:This is the beginning of the garden.‎ ‎① 开始,开端:beginning 如:Let’s read from the beginning of this book. ‎ ‎② 在…的开端:★ at the beginning of…‎ ‎9. ★大桥街是一个很好玩的地方:Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.‎ ‎10. ★让我告诉你去我家的路:Let me tell you the way to my house.‎ ‎① 去某地的路:the way to sp. ‎ ‎② 在某人去某地的路上:on one’s way to sp. home, there, here前的介词“to”要省略, 如: on one’s way home ‎③ 做某事的好方法:a good way to do sth 20‎ ‎11.比较:(1) in front of…在(外部)的前面;‎ 如:There is a big tree in front of my house.‎ ‎(2) in the front of…在(内部)的前面; ‎ 如:The teacher is in the front of classroom.‎ 比较:(表示“位置”)在…前面:in front of… 在…后面:behind…‎ ‎(表示“时间”)在…之前:before… 在…之后:after…‎ 20‎ ‎12. 在左边/右边:on the left/right. 在…左边/右边:on the left/right of…‎ ‎13. ★笔直走:go straight ‎ 沿着…街(路)走:go down…Street/Road ‎ ‎(两者合并)沿着…街(路)笔直走:go straight down…Street/Road ‎14. 向左转:turn left ‎ 向右转:turn right ‎ 掉头:turn around ‎15. 玩得(很)高兴:have a good time = have (great) fun ‎ 句型:很高兴做某事:★ have (great) fun doing sth ‎16. 打的:take a taxi ‎ 打的去某地:take a taxi to sp = go to sp by taxi ‎ 乘公交车:take a bus ‎ 乘公交车去某地:take a bus to sp = go to sp by bus ‎17. ★我希望你过一个愉快的旅途:I hope you have a good trip. ‎ 对于别人的赞美与祝愿,回答用“Thanks, Thank you”来表示“感谢”‎ ‎18. 到达某地方:(1) arrive in+大地方; arrive at+小地方;‎ ‎(2) arrive单独使用;如:When he arrives, the class is over.‎ ‎(3) get to+地方;到家:get home 到达那里:get there 到达这里:get here ‎19. 穿过:(1) ★从表面穿过:across 穿过马路:walk acorss the road 了 ‎ 20‎ ‎(2) ★从内部穿过:through 穿过公园:walk through the park ‎20. 在…上面:(1) on (指“表面接触”) 如:There is a book on the desk. ‎ ‎(2) over (指“表面不接触”,悬空) 如:There is a bridge over the river.‎ ‎21. 不定冠词a/an与定冠词the的选择使用——看“翻译”。 ‎ ‎ (1) 翻译为“一…”,用a/an; ‎ ‎ (2) 翻译为“这…”或“不需要翻译”,用the;‎ 如:(1) There is ______ old man next to ______ post office. ‎ ‎(2) – Do you know ______ London? -- Of course. It’s in _____ United Kingdom.‎ ‎22. (1) straight adv. 笔直地; 如:Go down straight and turn left. ‎ ‎(2) straight adj. 直的; 如:He has short straight black hair.‎ ‎23. (1) turn v. 转弯; 如:向后转:Turn around. ‎ ‎(2) turn n. 轮到某人的一次机会; 如:It’s your turn to tell a story.‎ ‎24. (1) left n. 左边; 如:Turn left. ‎ ‎(2) left v. 离开leave的过去式; 如:He left home early yesterday.‎ ‎25. (1) right n. 右边; 如:The post office is on your right. ‎ ‎(2) right adj. 正确的; 如:Which one is right?‎ ‎26. (1) down adv. 向下; 如:Sit down, please. ‎ ‎(2) down prep. 沿着; 如:The post office is down Bridge Street on the right.‎ ‎27. (1) open v. 打开;如: The shop opens at seven o’clock am. ‎ ‎(2) open adj. 开着的;营业中的; 如:The shop is open for 24 hours a day.‎ ‎28. (1) clean v. 打扫; 如:We clean the classroom every day. ‎ ‎(2) clean adj. 干净的; 如:Our classroom is very clean.‎ ‎29. (1) if 如果; 如:If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket. ‎ ‎(2) if 是否; 如:I don’t know if he will come.‎ ‎30. (1) visit=see v. 参观,访问; ‎ ‎(2) visit n. 看望,拜访;pay a visit to sp/sb Unit3 Why do you like koalas? ‎ ‎1. –让我们先去看考拉。-- Let’s see the koalas first. (first翻译为“首先”, ★去看什么样的动物,记得动物后面要加-s/-es)‎ ‎–你为什么最喜欢考拉?-- Why do you like koalas best? (best翻译为“最”)‎ ‎--因为它们很可爱。-- Because they are very cute.‎ 句型:让某人做某事:let sb do sth (★let后面接动词原形)‎ ‎2. –你为什么不喜欢老虎?-- Why don’t you like tigers(加-s/-es)?‎ ‎--因为它们有点吓人。-- Because they are kind of scary.‎ 20‎ ‎① 在此处,表示“不”,只要在do后加not即可。 ‎ ‎② 有点…:kind of+形容词 = a little+形容词 ‎3. ★你还喜欢别的什么动物? What other animals do you like? (后有animals, other不加s)‎ ‎★你喜欢和别的年轻人工作吗? Do you like to work with other young people?‎ This isn’t my sweater. It’s __________ (you). ‎ Are all these children __________ (you)?‎ ‎4. 他是一个8岁的男孩:He is an 8-year-old boy. (后有名词boy, 用连字符,year用原形)‎ 他8岁:He is 8 years old. (后无名词boy, 不用连字符,岁数大于1,year变复数)‎ ‎5. 请保持安静:Please be quiet. = Please keep quiet. (keep译为“保持”,= be)‎ ‎6. 他每天通常睡和放松20个小时:He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.‎ 每天:every day (要分开) 连在一起的everyday翻译为“日常的”,是个形容词。‎ ‎7. 和某人玩:play with sb ‎ ‎8. 在白天:during the day = in the day 在此处,during = in ‎9. 在晚上:at night = in the evening ‎ 在上学的晚上/白天:on school nights/days ‎10. 吃草:eat grass ‎ 吃叶子:eat leaves (★leaf的复数形式:leaves) ‎ 吃肉:eat meat ‎11. 相似单词比较:(1) 草:grass (不可数,无复数) ‎ ‎(2) 玻璃:glass 复数:glasses 眼镜, ★一副眼镜: a pair of glasses ‎12. 汉语:因为…,所以… 英语:because…, so… (不能同时出现在一个句子中)‎ 汉语:虽然…,但是… 英语:though…, but… (只能使用其中一个)‎ 如:_______ Tom is tired, _______ he wants to have a food rest.‎ A. Because, so B. Though, but C. /, so D. /, but ‎13. (1) first num. 第一; 如:Sunday is the first day of a week. ‎ ‎(2) first adv. 首先;首先:at first 如:Let’s see the koalas first.‎ ‎14. (1) best adv. 最; 如:Why do you like koalas best? ‎ ‎(2) best adj. 最好的; 如:Who do you think is the best teacher in your class?‎ ‎15. (1) very adv. 非常(放在形容词前); 如:The koalas are very cute. ‎ ‎(2) very much 非常(放在动词后); 如:Thank you very much.‎ ‎16. (1) kind(s) of n. 种类; 如:There are many kinds of anmals in the zoo. ‎ What kind of noodles would you like?‎ ‎(2) kind of = a little adv. 有点;(无形式变化) 如:He is kind of lazy.‎ ‎(3) kind adj. 和蔼的,友善的; 如:It’s kind of you to help me with my English.‎ 20‎ ‎17. ★树叶:leaf 复数:leaves 变化规则:去f加ves;‎ ‎18. ★小偷:thief 复数:thieves 变化规则:去f加ves.‎ Unit4 I want to be an actor.‎ ‎1. ★–你是干什么的?-- What do you do? --我是一名医生。-- I’m a doctor.‎ 询问“职业”的另两种问法:① What’s your job? ‎ ‎② What are you?‎ ‎2. –你在哪里工作?-- Where do you work? --我在医院工作。-- I work in a hospital.‎ ‎3. ★ –你长大时想成为什么?-- What do you want to be when you grow up?‎ ‎--我想成为一名演员。-- I want to be an actor because it’s interesting.‎ be动词:可译为“是”或“成为”,这里是“成为”的意思。‎ 练:-- What do you want to _______, Susan? -- A reporter. (082七下期末考)‎ A. be B. do C. have D. make ‎4. ★人们把他们的钱给我或者从我这里拿走他们的钱:‎ People give me their money or get their money from me.‎ 词组:把某东西给某人:give sb sth = give sth to sb 词组:从某人处得到某东西:get sth from sb ‎5. ★我们有一份当服务员的工作给你: We have a job for you as a waiter.‎ ‎6. ★你想为杂志社写故事吗? Do you want to write stories for a magazine?‎ ‎7. ★你想参加学校戏剧吗? Do you want to be in the school play?‎ 此处的be in意思是“参加”,等于join。‎ ‎8. ★我们是一所专为5到12的儿童开设的国际学校:We are an international school for children of 5-12.‎ ‎9. ★我们想要一个体育老师教足球:We want a P.E. teacher to teach soccer.‎ 句型:想要某人做某事:want sb to do sth ‎10. ★我们从星期一到星期五上学:We go to school from Monday to Friday.‎ ‎11. 工作很迟:work late ‎ 努力工作:work hard ‎ 努力学习:study hard ‎12. 穿制服:wear a uniform ‎ 穿校服:wear a school uniform ‎13. ★打某人的电话:call sb at+telephone number ‎14. ★与某人讲话(单方面):talk to sb ‎ 20‎ ‎★谈论某事:talk about sth What are you talking about?‎ ‎★与某人讲话(互相):talk with sb Who are you talking with?‎ ‎15. “有定冠词”与“没有定冠词”的区别:‎ ‎(1) 去上学:go to school ‎ 去学校:go to the school (不一定是去上学,可能是去工作或有事)‎ ‎(2) 住院:in hospital ‎ 在医院里:in the hospital (不一定是住院,可能是在医院工作或在医院有事)‎ ‎16. ★句型:擅长于做某事:be good at doing sth (介词at后面一定要用动词的-ing形式)‎ ‎17. ★关于做题时“名词”加“的”与“代词”加“的”:‎ ‎(1) 翻译句子,看有“的”与无“的”时句子意思是否通顺。 ‎ ‎(2) 如果需要加“的”,则作出相应变化。‎ ‎(3) 如何加 ’s ? ① 不以s结尾的加 ’s ; ② 以s结尾的只加 ’ 。‎ 练:(1) My __________ (grandmother) home is on Market Street. ‎ ‎(2) They are the __________ (twin) bedrooms.‎ ‎(3) I think they are __________ (他们) friends. ‎ ‎(4) we are eating dinner at my __________ (grandparent) home.‎ ‎(5) Please write and tell me about __________ (你) school. ‎ ‎(6) This office is for __________ (我们) English teacheer.‎ ‎18. (1) when adv. 什么时候;如:When does Linda get up every day? ‎ ‎(2) when adv. 当…时;如:What do you want to be when you grow up?‎ ‎19. (1) or 或者; 如:People give their money to me or get their money from me.‎ ‎(2) or 还是; 如:Which one do you like, this one or that one?‎ ‎20. (1) call v. 打(电话); If you have an idea, please call me.‎ ‎(2) call v. 叫; 如:You can call me Tom.‎ ‎(3) call v. (大声)叫喊; 如:The boy calls, “Where is the basketball?”‎ ‎21. (1) play v. 玩,打 如:She likes to play with her friends.‎ ‎(2) play n. 戏剧; 如:Do you want to be in the school play?(be in = join 参加)‎ ‎22. 音乐:music 音乐家:musician ‎23. 故事:story 复数:stories 变化规则:去y加ies;‎ ‎24. 不规则可数名词变复数:‎ ‎(1) 男警察:policeman 复数:policemen ‎ ‎(2) 女警察:policewoman 复数:policewomen ‎ ‎(3) 孩子:child 复数:children ‎25. 单词辨析:(1) 新闻,消息:news (不可数) ‎ ‎(2) 纸:paper (不可数) ‎ ‎(3) 报纸:newspaper (可数,复数为newspapers)‎ 20‎ Unit5 I’m watching TV ‎1. ★★现在进行时的结构:主语+be+Ving. (be动词和动词+ing两者缺一不可)‎ 考题形式:(1) 已知be动词,考后面的动词形式(要加ing); ‎ ‎(2) 已知后面的动词+ing, 则前面用be动词。‎ 如:(1) The boy is _________ (run) with his father. ‎ ‎(2) Some children are __________ (lie) on the grass.‎ ‎(3) My brother and I are __________ (play) soccer. ‎ ‎(4) His sister is __________ (read) a book.‎ ‎2. --你正在做什么?-- What are you doing? --我正在看电视。-- I’m watching TV.‎ ‎3. 那听起来很棒:That sounds great/good.‎ ‎4. ★谢谢你的信和照片:Thanks for your letter and the photos.‎ ‎① 谢谢某东西:Thanks for sth ‎ ‎② 句型:谢谢做某事:Thanks for doing sth (介词for后面接动词的-ing形式)‎ ‎5. 这是我的一些照片:Here are some of my photos. (“一些照片”是“复数”,be用are)‎ 这是我的一张全家福照片:Here is a photo of my family. (“一张照片”是“单数”,be用is)‎ ‎★Here be 句型中,用is还是are取决于be动词后面的名词是单数还是复数,是可数还是不可数;‎ 单数和不可数一律用is,复数用are ‎6. ★句型:忙于做某事:be busy doing sth (★后面的动词用-ing形式)‎ 如:His brother is busy _________ (write) stories in his room.‎ ‎7. 表示“活动”的“动词词组”‎ ‎① 做家庭作业:do one’s homework ‎ ‎② 打扫房间:clean the room ‎③ 吃晚饭:eat dinner ‎ ‎④★打电话:talk on the phone = make a telephone call ‎⑤ 看书/看报/看杂志:read books, read newspapers, read magazines ‎⑥ (学生)上课:have an English class ‎ ‎(老师)上课:give an English class ‎⑦ 举行晚会:have an evening party ‎ ‎⑧ 和某人说再见:say goodbye to sb ‎8. 在购物中心:at the mall ‎ 在游泳池:at the (swimming) pool 在学校:at school ‎ 在体育馆里:in the gym ‎9. 在第一张照片中: in the first photo ‎ 在第二张照片中: in the second photo 在下一张照片中: ★ in the next photo ‎ 在最后一张照片中: in the last photo ‎ ‎10. 等汽车:wait for the bus ‎ 20‎ 在汽车站等(某人):wait (for sb) at the bus stop ‎11. 我的兄弟和我:my brother and I (要把“我”放在后面)‎ ‎ 你我他: you, he and I ‎12. ★(身体)好,健康:well = fine 如:-- How is your mother? -- She is _______.‎ ‎13. 活动:activity 复数:activities (以辅音字母+y结尾的,去y加ies)‎ 玩具:toy 复数:toys (以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加s)‎ ‎14. (1) 也:also 用于“肯定句的句中”;‎ ‎(2) 也:too 用于“肯定句的句末,前加逗号”;‎ ‎(3) 也:either 用于“否定句的句末,前加逗号”。‎ ‎15. (1) show n. 节目; 如:TV show, sports show, game show, talk show ‎(2) show v. 给…看;如:Can you show me your family photo? ‎ I’ll show you the way.‎ ‎(3) show v. 表演; 如:Can you show us Beijing Opear?‎ Unit6 It’s raining!‎ ‎1. ★–今天北京的天气怎么样?-- How’s the weather in Beijing today? (无like用How)‎ ‎--是晴天。-- It’s sunny. (其他天气:windy, cloudy, sunny=fine=nice, rainy=raining, snowy= snowing)‎ 同义句:-- What’s the weather like today? (有like用What)‎ ‎-- It’s sunny. (其他天气:warm, hot, cool, cold, dry, humid)‎ 练:We don’t know _______ the weather will be tomorrow.‎ A. how B. what C. how’s D. what’s ‎2. ★--你最近过得怎么样?-- How’s it going with you?‎ ‎--相当好:Pretty good. ‎ 很棒:Great. ‎ 还不错:Not bad.‎ 一般般:Just so so. ‎ 很糟糕:Terrible.‎ ‎★3. (1) 在夏天天是多雨的。It’s rainy in summer. (it后有be动词is, 后面用形容词rainy)‎ ‎(2) 在夏天天经常下雨。It often rains in summer. (it后无be动词is, 后面用动词rains)‎ ‎(3) 现在正在下雨:It’s raining now. (is和动词ing构成“现在进行时”)‎ 相同用法的词还有snowy, snows.‎ 练:(1) What do you do when it ______? A. rain B. rainy C. raining D. is rainy ‎(2) It’s __________ (rain) heavily in Harbin now.‎ ‎(3) The radio says it will be __________ (rain) tomorrow.‎ ‎(4) – How’s the weather on Sunday? -- ________. A. It’s rain B. It’s raining C. It’s rains D. It rainy ‎4. 谢谢你参加中央电视台“环游世界”节目。‎ ‎★ Thank you for joining CCTV’s Around The World show. (★介词for后的动词用-ing形式)‎ 20‎ ‎★句型:感谢你做某事:Thank you for doing sth ‎★5. 有许多人正躺在沙滩上:There are many people lying on the beach.‎ ‎① 句型:有某人正在做某事:There be sb doing sth ‎② 躺在沙滩上:lie on the beach (lie加ing的规则:将ie变成y, 再加ing)‎ ‎6. 一些正在拍照,另外的正躺在沙滩上。‎ ‎★Some are taking photos, others are lying on the beach.‎ ‎(1) 一些…,另一些…(复数):some…, others…‎ ‎(2) 一个…,另一个…(单数):one…, the other…‎ ‎7. 他们看起来很酷: They look cool. ‎ 他看起来很酷: ★ He looks cool.‎ ‎8. ★电话用语:(1) 你是谁? Who’s that? 不能用:Who are you?‎ ‎(2) 你是某某吗? Is that…? 不能用:Are you…?‎ ‎(3) 是某某在说话吗? Is that … speaking? 回答用:Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.‎ ‎(4) 我是某某: This is…. 不能用:I’m ….‎ ‎(5) 是某某在说话:This is … speaking.‎ ‎9. 句型:做完某事:finish doing sth 如:He finishes reading a book about science.‎ 完成某事:finish sth He finishes his homework at home every day.‎ ‎10. 句型:为了做某事:in order to do sth 跟在to后面的动词用原形。‎ ‎11. 与look有关的词组:‎ ‎(1) 看着某人/某东西:look at sb/sth ‎ ‎(2) 寻找某人/某东西:look for sb/sth ‎ ‎(3) 照顾某人/某东西:look after sb/sth ‎ ‎(4) 看起来像某人/某东西:look like sb/sth ‎ ‎(5) 小心:look out ‎ ‎(6) 朝…外面看:look out of… 如:朝窗外看:look out of the windows ‎12. 与“人”有关的形容词+ed 如:relaxed, surprised, interested, excited ‎ 与“物”有关的形容词+ing 如:relaxing, surprising, interesting, exciting 练:(1) The teacher is __________ (surprise) at the news. ‎ ‎ (2) I’m having a good time and __________ (relax).‎ ‎13. 烧饭(总称):cook meals ‎ 烧早饭(中饭,晚饭):cook breakfast/lunch/dinner ‎14. 在度假:on vacation ‎ 度假:have a vacation ‎15. 拍照片:(单数) take a photo ‎ ‎(复数) take photos ‎16. 打沙滩排球:play beach volleyball 20‎ ‎17. ★在这种热度下:in this heat ‎18. 围围巾:(单数) wear a scarf ‎ ‎(复数) wear scarves ‎19. (天气)晴朗的:sunny = fine = nice 如:Today is sunny. = Today is fine. = Today is nice.‎ ‎20. 学习:study 三单:studies (以辅音字母+y结尾的,去y加ies) ‎ 海滩:beach 复数:beaches (以s, x, ch, sh结尾的,加es)‎ Unit7 What does he look like?‎ 对“外表”提问 ‎★1. –他看起来长得怎么样?-- What does he look like? (有look,用does/do)‎ ‎--他很高,而且他有短的卷头发。-- He is very tall, and he has short curly hair.‎ ‎① 同义句:-- What is he like? (只有like,用is) (用is,like翻译问“像”)‎ 区别: -- What does he like? 他喜欢什么?(用does,like翻译为“喜欢”)‎ ‎② 区别比较:(1) 他是中等高度/身材:He is of medium height/build. (是of, 前用be动词)‎ ‎(2) 他有中等高度/身材:He has a medium height/build. (是a, 前用have/has)‎ ‎★2. 她有一点点胖:She is a little bit heavy. (heavy是形容词,前用be动词)‎ ‎①一点点+形容词:a little bit+形容词 = a little+形容词 = a bit+形容词; ‎ ‎②一点点+名词:a little+名词 = a bit of+名词;‎ 如:His hair is a little long. = His hair is a bit long. ‎ He can speak a little English. = He can speak a bit of English.‎ ‎3. ①. They are talking about the tall boy with curly hair. (with翻译为“带有,具有”,表某种特征或性质) ‎ ‎(句中已经有了动词talking about,表达“有着”不能再用动词has)‎ ‎②. 比较:The tall boy has curly hair. (无They are talking about, 表达“有着”用动词has)‎ 练:(1) Jim lives in a small house _________ (有着) an interesting garden.‎ ‎(2) Do you remember John, a pop singer __________ (戴着) funny glasses?‎ ‎(3) Do you know the tall man _________ (有着) a big nose?‎ ‎★4. 她从不停止讲话:She never stops talking.‎ ‎① 句型:停止做某事:stop doing sth ‎② 句型:停下来去做某事:stop to do sth 练:(1) Class is over. Let’s stop ___________ (have) a rest. ‎ ‎(2) The teacher is coming. Let’s stop __________ (talk).‎ ‎(3) – I feel tired and sleepy. – Why not stop __________ (relax)? ‎ ‎(4) If you’re tired, you can stop _________ (work).‎ ‎(5) Stop _________ (talk). Listen to me, please.‎ ‎★5. 他不再戴眼镜了:He doesn’t wear glasses any more.‎ 词组:不再…:not…any more ‎ ‎ 词组:戴眼镜:wear glasses ‎ 穿一条红色的裙子:wear a red dress 穿着某种颜色的衣服:in+颜色 如:Do you know the boy in black?‎ 20‎ ‎6. 没有人知道我:Nobody knows me.‎ ‎★语法:someone, somebody, everyone, everybody, nobody均为“不定代词”,表示“三单”,与之搭配使用的动词也要变“三单”。‎ 如:(1) Everyone in my class __________ (know) this smart teacher.‎ ‎(2) Do you think everyone __________ (enjoy) their weekends?‎ ‎(3) Everyone in our class _______ the weekend.‎ A. enjoys B. enjoy C. enjoyed D. enjoying ‎7. 在七年级五班:in Class Five, Grade Seven (班级、年级、数字的“首字母”均需大写)‎ ‎8. 篮球队的队长:the captain of the basketball team (有of,需要倒翻)‎ ‎①有“生命”的东西,表示“的”用 ’s , 如:He is my father’s friend. ‎ ‎②无“生命”的东西,表示“的”用 of , 如:Here is a photo of my family.‎ ‎★9. 形容人的“外貌特征”的名词和形容词:‎ 序号 跟在be后 (be+形容词)‎ 跟在have/has后 (have/has+名词)‎ ‎1‎ 是高的/矮的 is tall/short 有长/短头发 have long/short hair (★hair做不可数名词时,不可加a)‎ ‎2‎ 是中等高度 is of medium height (★注意加of)‎ 有直/卷头发 have straight/curly hair ‎3‎ 是胖的/瘦的 is heavy/fat, thin 有黑/黄头发 have black/yellow hair ‎4‎ 是中等身材 is of medium build (★注意加of)‎ have+长短+直卷+颜色+hair (★漂长直颜)‎ ‎5‎ 是长的/短的 is long/short have a medium height/build ‎6‎ 是漂亮/丑陋的 is beautiful/ugly have (two) big eyes ‎7‎ 是可爱的 is cute 有一张圆脸:have a round face (方脸:square face)‎ ‎10. ★受某人的欢迎:be popular with sb 受欢迎的:popular ‎ ‎★对某人友好:be friendly to sb 友好的:friendly ‎11. ★讲笑话:tell a joke, tell jokes ‎ 讲故事:tell stories ‎ 开玩笑:play a joke, play jokes ‎ ‎★开某人的玩笑:play jokes on sb ‎12. 有一副新的面貌:have a new look (此处的look作“名词”)‎ ‎13. 去买东西:go shopping ‎ 在购物商场购物:shop at the mall ‎14. (1) look v. 看起来; 如:He looks like his father. ‎ ‎(2) look prep. 外表; 如:He has a new look.‎ ‎15. (1) like v. 喜欢; 如:What does he like? ‎ ‎(2) like prep. 像; 如:What is he like?‎ 20‎ Unit8 I’d like some noodles.‎ ‎1. --你想要什么?-- What would you like? = What do you want?‎ ‎--我想要一些面条:-- I’d like some noodles. = I want some noodles.‎ 句型:想要某东西:would like sth = want sth (后跟名词,不加to) ‎ ‎ 想要做某事:would like to do sth = want to do sth (后跟动词,加to)‎ 练:(1) Do you want ________?‎ A. speak English B. to the new pants C. ho home D. to go to school ‎(2) Would you like ________ (drink) some green tea?‎ ‎2. 餐厅英语:‎ ‎--我能帮您吗?-- Can I help you? = What can I do for you? = What would you like?‎ ‎--我想要一些面条。-- I’d like some noodles. (I’d = I would)‎ ‎–你想要什么种类的面?-- What kind of noodles would you like?‎ ‎--我想要牛肉番茄面。-- I’d like beef and tomato noodles. (注意“牛肉番茄”形容“面”时,要用“单数”)‎ ‎–你想要多大碗的面?-- What size bowl of noodles would you like?‎ ‎--我想要一中碗面。-- I’d like a medium bowl of noodles. (一中碗…)‎ 什么种类:What kind ‎ 什么尺寸:What size ‎ 一大/小碗面条:a large/small bowl of noodles ‎3. --你想吃些东西吗?-- Would you like something to eat?‎ ‎--(接受)好的:-- Yes, please. 或Yes, I’d like/love to. 不能用:Yes, I would. (拒绝)不,谢谢。-- No, thanks.‎ 练:-- Would you like some tea? -- ________.‎ A. Yes, I would B. Yes, please C. No, I don’t D. No, please ‎4. 我要买它:I’ll take it. (★此处的“买”不能用buy,只能用take)‎ ‎5. 那是全部吗?好了吗?完了吗?-- Is that all?‎ ‎6. 特色菜一:15个饺子只要10元: Special 1 is just (only) 10RMB for 15 dumplings.‎ ‎7. ★some+不可数名词(无复数,不能加s),作句子主语时,动词用“三单”。‎ some+可数名词变复数(有复数,加s),作句子主语时,动词用“复数”或“原形”。‎ 练:(1) Some chicken _______ (be) in the bowl. Some eggs _______ (be) on the table.‎ ‎(2) I’d like some _______ and _______.‎ A. porridge, vegetables B. beef, tomato C. French fries, orange juices ‎8. “肯定句”的两者或两者以上用“and”连接:I’d like dumplings and orange juice.‎ ‎“否定句”的两者或两者以上用“or”连接:I don’t like green tea or porridge.‎ ‎9. 肯定句中表达“一些”用some;‎ 否定句、疑问句中表达“一些,任何”用any;‎ 如:(1) I would like some beef noodles. ‎ ‎(2) I wouldn’t like any chicken noodles. ‎ ‎(3) I didn’t have _______ money for a taxi.‎ 20‎ ‎10. ★关于“人称代词”的用法:‎ ‎(1) 实义动词后的“人称代词”用宾格, 如:Can you help me? He doesn’t like them.‎ ‎(2) 介词后的“人称代词”用宾格, 如:Do you want to go with us?‎ 人称代词的宾格:me, him, her, us, them, it ‎11. ★吃某东西当早餐:eat/have sth for breakfast ‎ 在早餐时间吃东西:eat sth at the breakfast time ‎12. 句型:某人/某东西怎么样?:What about sb/sth? ‎ 做某事怎么样?:What about doing sth? What about = How about ‎ (★about是介词,介词后接动词要用它的-ing形式) ‎ ‎13. 中国食物:Chinese food 中国餐馆:Chinese restaurants ‎ 西方食物:western food 西方餐馆:western restaurants ‎14. 一碗:a bowl ‎ 一大/中/小碗:a big bowl, a medium bowl, a small bowl 一大/中/小碗…:a big/medium/small bowl of… ‎ 两大碗:two big bowls of… ‎ 一杯绿茶:a cup of green tea ‎15. 在饺子店:at the house of dumplings = at the dumping house 在甜品屋:at a dessert house/shop ‎16. 一些很棒的特色菜:some great specials ‎ 特色菜1:Special 1‎ ‎17. (1) drink v. 喝; 如:What would you like to drink? ‎ ‎(2) drink n. 饮料;(复数+s) 如:Cola is a kind of drinks.‎ ‎18. (1) kind of 有点;(无形式变化) 如:He is kind of lazy. ‎ ‎(2) a kind of 一种;(单数) 如:English is a kind of languages.‎ ‎(3) kinds of 多种;(复数) 如:There are many kinds of languages in the world.‎ Unit9 How was your weekend?‎ 1. ‎★★表示“发生在过去的动作”,要用一般过去时,句中常含表示“过去”的时间。‎ 一般过去时的结构:主语+V过去式。翻译时加上“…了”。(不管主语是“单数”还是“复数”,动词始终用“过去式”)‎ 练:(1) He _________ (go) to school on foot yesterday.‎ ‎(2) – What did Jim do? ‎ ‎ -- He _________ (go) to the movies.‎ ‎(3) We ___________ (not go) to the cinema last Sunday.‎ ‎2. –你上个周末做了什么?-- What did you do last weekend? (★did引导,句中的实义动词要记得还原)‎ ‎--在星期天上午,我打了网球。-- I played tennis on Sunday morning.‎ 在上午/下午/晚上:in the morning/afternoon/evening ‎ 在星期天上午/下午/晚上:on Sunday morning/afternoon/evening 20‎ 在上个星期天上午: / last Sunday morning (前不用冠词) ‎ 在上学的白天/晚上:on school days/nights ‎★3. –Tina的周末怎么样? -- How was Tina’s weekend?‎ ‎--它很棒:It was great. ‎ ‎–它还不错:It was not bad. ‎ ‎–它很糟糕:It was terrible.‎ ‎★4. 该是回家的时候了:It’s time to go home. ‎ 句型:该是做某事的时候了:It’s time to do sth ‎5. He spent half an hour _________ (play) computer games last night.‎ ‎★句型:某人花费时间在某事上: 人+spend+时间+on sth ‎ ‎★句型:某人花费时间做某事: 人+spend+时间+doing sth ‎6. ★句型:做某事怎么样? What/How about doing sth? ‎ ‎★某人/某东西怎么样? What about sb/sth? 如:你怎么样?What about you?‎ ‎7. 常用do, does, did, don’t, doesn’t, didn’t代替前文提到的动词。‎ ‎(1) – Who cleaned the room? -- Mike ________. A. was B. does C. is D. did ‎(2) I don’t think he is so great, but my mother _______.‎ ‎(3) Peter visited his English teacher this morning, but Tony _______. A. isn’t B. wasn’t C. doesn’t D. didn’t ‎(4) I like Sports News very much. – _______. A. I like, too B. I do, too C. I don’t like, either D. I don’t, either ‎(5) My father likes Sports News, but my mother _______.‎ ‎8. 去爬山:go to the mountains 爬山:climb the mountains ‎ 去购物:go shopping ‎ 去看电影:go to the movies ‎ 看电影:see a movie = watch a movie = go to the movies = go to a movie 去散步:go for a walk ‎ 散步:take a walk = have a walk ‎ 去图书馆:go to the library ‎ 去城市图书馆:go to the city library ‎9. 待在家里:stay at home ‎10. 为考试而学习:study for the test = study for exams ‎11. 举行派对:have a party ‎ 举行晚会:have an evening party ‎12. 阅读:do some reading ‎13. 去海滩:go to the beach (beach变复数+es)‎ ‎14. 练习英语:practice English ‎ ‎★句型:练习做某事:practice doing sth 20‎ ‎15. 过了一个繁忙的某末:have a busy weekend (此处的have翻译为“度过”)‎ ‎16. 一本关于历史的书:a book about history (★此处的about翻译为“关于”,= on)‎ ‎17. 带某人去某地:take sb to sp ‎18. 乘车去某地:go to sp by car (car前无其他单词,“乘”用by) = go to sp in their car (car前有其他单词,“乘”用in)‎ ‎19. (1) last 最后的;在最后一张照片里:in the last photo ‎ ‎(2) last 上一个;上个星期:last week 上个月:last month 去年:last year ‎20. (1) spend 度过; 如:How do you spend your summer holidays? ‎ ‎(2) spend 花费; 如:He spent two hours cleaning his room.‎ ‎21. (1) for 对…来说; 如:对大多数的孩子来说:for most kids ‎ ‎(2) for 为,给; 如:为我烧晚饭:cook dinner for me Unit10 Where did you go on vacation?‎ ‎★1. --你去了哪里度假?-- Where did you go on vacation? (go是实义动词,前用did引导)‎ ‎--我去了夏令营。-- I went to summer camp.‎ ‎--你玩得开心吗?-- Did you have a good time? (have是实义动词,前用did引导)‎ ‎--是的。Yes, I did.‎ 度假:on vacation ‎ for one’s vacation 如:She went to Shanghai for her vacation.‎ 玩得开心:have a good time = have fun ‎2. 我们很高兴在水里玩:We had great fun playing in the water. ‎ ‎★ 句型:很高兴做某事:have (great) fun doing sth (★介词for后接动词的-ing形式)‎ 在水里:in the water (介词用in)‎ ‎3. 它有点无聊:It was kind of boring.‎ ‎★有点:kind of = a little ‎4. ★我发现一个小男孩正在角落里哭:I found a small boy crying in the corner.‎ 句型:发现某人正在做某事:find sb doing sth ‎ 句型:听见某人正在做某事:hear sb doing sth 在角落里:in the corner (介词用in) ‎ 在…的角落里:at the corner of… 如:He stands at the corner of the classroom.‎ 练:We found her sister __________ (read) English in her room.‎ ‎5. 他迷路了:He was lost.‎ ‎(1) lost adj. 迷路的;前面常加be动词。‎ ‎(2) lost v. 丢失lose的过去式; 如:He lost his way.‎ ‎6. 那让我感觉很高兴:★ That made me feel very happy.‎ 20‎ 句型:让某人做某事:make sb do sth = let sb do sth 感觉很高兴:feel very happy 练:(1)The funny story makes us _________ (laugh) a lot. ‎ ‎(2)Let’s __________ (讨论) this question first.‎ ‎7. 我们决定走着回宾馆:We decided to walk back to the hotel.‎ 句型: ★决定做某事:decide to do sth.‎ 走着回宾馆:walk back to the hotel 练:His father decided __________ (buy) a new computer for him.‎ ‎8. 考与“一般过去时”配套使用的时间:‎ ‎(1) – Was your father at work _______? -- Yes, he was.‎ A. last week B. every month C. this year D. next Monday ‎(2) – When did you see him? -- _______.‎ A. Next Monday B. Two hours C. In an hour D. An hour ago ‎9. 去纽约市:go to New York City (go的过去式went) ‎ 去夏令营:go to summer camp ‎ 去博物馆:go to the museum ‎ 参观博物馆:visit the museum ‎ 去中心公园:go to ‎Central Park ‎10. 为考试而学习:study for exams (study的过去式studied)‎ ‎11. 什么也没有做:do nothing (nothing指“什么也没有”)‎ 练:-- Do you have anything else to say about the trip? -- No, _______.‎ A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything ‎12. 整天:all day ‎ 整夜:all night ‎ 整日整夜:all day and all night ‎13. (1) look for 寻找(强调“找”这个过程); ‎ ‎(2) find 找到(强调“找到”这个结果); 如:He looked for his English book, but he didn’t find it.‎ ‎14. (1) friendly 友好的; ‎ ‎(2) unfriendly 不友好的;= not friendly Unit11 What do you think of game shows?‎ ‎★1. --你认为某人/某东西怎么样?-- What do you think of sb/sth? ‎ ‎ (后是think of, 前用What)= How do you like sb/sth? (后是like, 前用How)‎ ‎--①我认为某人是…的。-- (I think) sb is/are+用于评价人的“内在品质”的形容词。‎ 我认为某东西是…的。-- (I think) sth is/are+形容词 (如interesting, relaxing, exciting)。‎ 20‎ ‎--②我不能忍受他。-- I can’t stand him. ‎ 我不介意她。-- I don't mind her.‎ 我爱(喜欢)他们。-- I love(like) them. ‎ 我不爱(喜欢)它。-- I don't love(like) it.‎ 与第6单元比较(对外表提问):‎ ‎-- What does Tina look like? -- She is _______.‎ A. shy B. clever C. medium height D. heavy 练:(1) -- _______ do you like sports shows? -- I like them very much. ‎ ‎(2) -- _______ does Yao Ming look like? -- He is tall and strong.‎ ‎2. 你能帮我吗?Can you help me?‎ 语法:★动词后的“人称代词”用宾格。‎ 练:His brother bought some new books, he likes _______ very much.‎ A. it B. them C. they D. me ‎3. ★用于评价人的“外表”的形容词主要有(见Unit7):‎ ‎(1) tall, be of medium height, short; ‎ ‎(2) heavy/fat, be of medium build, thin; ‎ ‎(3) beautiful, ugly, cute, lovely, cool, scary;‎ ‎★用于评价人的“内在品质”的形容词主要有:smart, clever, friendly, shy, quiet, lazy, popular等。‎ ‎4. 阿伦是一个8岁的男孩。-- Alan is an eight-year-old boy. ‎ 比较:阿伦8岁。-- Alan is eight years old.‎ ‎★点拨:(1)当“几岁”后有名词如“boy/girl”时,“几岁”用“连字符”相连,且year不加s;‎ ‎(2)当“几岁”后无名词时,“几岁”不用“连字符”相连,岁数大于1,year加s;‎ ‎5. 欢迎来到9点钟的周末谈话节目:Welcome to 9 o’clock Weekend talk show.‎ 欢迎来某地:welcome to sp.‎ ‎6. 烧饭是妈妈们的事:Cooking is for moms. ‎ 围巾是给妈妈们的:The scarf is for moms.‎ ‎7. ★谢谢你加入我们:Thank you for joining us. ‎ 句型:感谢做某事:Thanks for doing sth.‎ ‎8. 我给每个学生看六样东西然后问他们关于每一个东西: I showed each student six things and asked them about each one.‎ ‎① 把某东西给某人看:show sb sth (show翻译为“展示给…看”) ‎ ‎② 每一…:each 如:每个学生:each student ‎9. ★这是他们喜欢的和不喜欢的:Here are their likes and dislikes.‎ ‎10. ★我不能忍受老人不能漂亮的想法:I can’t stand the idea that old people can’t be beautiful. ‎ 我想要年轻和漂亮:I want to be young and beautiful.‎ ‎11. ★句型:介意做某事:mind doing sth ‎ 练:Would you mind ________ (open) the window? It’s too hot in the room.‎ 20‎ ‎12. 实际上:in fact (介词用in)‎ ‎13. 询问某人某事:ask sb about sth ‎14. 把某东西放进某地方:put sth in sp ‎15. 同意某人(的观点、意见):agree with sb ‎16. 一个主意: an idea ‎ 一个好主意: a good idea ‎ 一篇文章: an article ‎ 看一篇文章: read an article (“看书”的“看”用read)‎ Unit12 Don’t eat in class.‎ ‎★1. 肯定的祈使句:(1) 实义动词原形+其他; 否定的祈使句:(1) Don’t+实义动词+原形;‎ ‎(2) be动词原形+形容词+其他; (2) Don’t be+形容词+其他;‎ ‎(3) Let sb do sth. (3) Don’t let sb do sth ‎(4) No+Ving.‎ 练:(1) My mother said to me, “Tom, _______ in bed.”‎ A. not read B. doesn’t read C. don’t read D. didn’t read ‎(2) Don’t __________ (fight). = No __________ (fight).‎ ‎2. 不要迟到:Don’t arrive late. = Don’t be late. (arrive = be)‎ ‎★上课/上学不要迟到:Don’t arrive (be) late for class/school.‎ ‎3. 主语省略(无主语):Don’t arrive late for class.‎ 主语不省略(有主语):We can’t arrive ;ate for class.‎ ‎4. 在学校我们必须穿校服:We have to wear uniforms at school.‎ 句型:不得不/必须做某事:have to do sth 否定:不必做某事:don’t have to do sth ‎ must: 主观上“不得不做某事”‎ ‎ have: 客观上“不得不做某事”‎ 穿校服:单数:wear a uniform 复数:wear uniforms 练:(1) – I can’t stop smoking, doctor. – For your health, I’m afraid you ______.‎ A. can B. may C. must D. have to ‎5. 在我家里有太多的规矩:I have too many rules in my house.‎ 词组:太多…:too many…(后接可数名词)‎ ‎ too much (后接不可数名词)‎ ‎6. 我从来没有任何快乐:I never have any fun.‎ ‎(never译为“从来没有”,表示否定,否定句中表示“任何,一些”,用any)‎ ‎7. 不要大声说话:Don’t talk loudly.‎ 请大声说:Speak loudly, please.‎ 20‎ ‎8. 他擅长于唱歌:He is good at singing.‎ 句型:擅长于做某事: ★ be good at doing sth ‎9. 表示“地点”的词组:‎ ‎(1) 在教室里:in the classroom 在课堂上:in class ‎(2) 在走廊上:in the hallways 在学校里:at school = in school ‎10. 表示“时间”的词组:‎ ‎(1) 下课后:after class 放学后:after school ‎ ‎(2) 在上学的白天/晚上:on school days/nights 比较:at night ‎(3) 到晚上10点钟之前:by 10 o’clock p.m.‎ ‎11. (1) with 和; 如:He lives in Beijing with my parents. (不能用and)‎ ‎(2) with 戴着; 如:Do you know the fat man with a hat? (不能用wears)‎ ‎(3) with 有着; 如:It’s an old house with a beautiful garden. (不能用has)‎ 20‎
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