【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习强化训练：专题3完形填空文体2夹叙夹议文

【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习强化训练：专题3完形填空文体2夹叙夹议文

第一编　专题三　文体2‎ 真题题组 ‎1‎ ‎(2018·浙江)‎ We have all heard how time is more valuable than money，but is it __1. A__ to have too much time？‎ I __2. A__ back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also __3. D__ a team sport. By the time I got home，I only had a few hours to do my homework，and I had to do it __4. B__ . ‎ When I got into college，things __5. C__ . I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this __6. A__ time，there was no sense of __7. C__ to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became a __8. D__ . Once that happened，I just kept __9. A__ my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was __10. B__ really late at night to get my work done. ‎ One day I __11. A__ a former classmate of mine who was __12. D__ a lot of money running a sideline(副业). Since his regular job was __13. C__ ，I asked him why he just didn’t do his sideline full－time. He said without the job，he would __14. D__ have too much time and would just do what I did back in __15. B__ . He said that if he __16. A__ the job，he would lose his __17. C__ to work and succeed. ‎ So，try __18. B__ your time with other work. This is why there is a __19. C__ that if you want something done，ask a __20. B__ person to do it. ‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。我们都知道时间比金钱更宝贵，但是拥有太多的时间是种什么感觉呢？你是不是也很想体验一下？那就一起来了解一下作者的经历吧！‎ ‎❶　A．true B．fair C．strange D．possible 解析：上下文语境题。作者在文章开头提出问题“我们都听说过时间如何比金钱更宝贵，但是拥有太多的时间，这可能(possible)吗？”。true真的；fair公平的；strange奇怪的。‎ ‎❷　A．remember B．admit C．understand D．expect 解析：下文语境题。根据下文叙述可知，作者记起(remember)了高中时的生活。admit承认；understand理解；expect期望。‎ ‎❸　A．watched B．loved C．coached D．played 解析：上下文语境题。因为作者还参加团体性运动，所以他一天的大部分时间都是在学校度过的。watch观看；love热爱；coach训练；play参加运动。‎ ‎❹　A．at last B．right away C．of course D．as usual 解析：上文语境题。根据上文可知作者到家后只有几个小时的时间做作业，所以必须立即(right away)开始做。at last最后；of course当然；as usual像往常一样。‎ ‎❺　A．happened B．repeated C．changed D．mattered 解析：上下文语境题。前面提到高中时间紧张，又由后文可知，在大学，课程中午前就结束了，所以说事情发生了变化(change)。happen发生；repeat重复；matter要紧。‎ ‎❻　A．extra B．difficult C．valuable D．limited 解析：上文语境题。课程结束得早，就有了额外的(extra)时间。difficult难的；valuable宝贵的；limited有限的。‎ ‎❼　A．duty B．achievement C．urgency D．direction 解析：上下文语境题。时间充足，所以“没有立即去做功课的紧迫(urgency)感”。duty责任；achievement成就，成绩；direction方向。‎ ‎❽　A．burden B．relief C．risk D．habit 解析：上文语境题。作者一直做这个等待的动作直到后来它变成了一个习惯(habit)。burden重担，负担；relief缓和，宽慰；risk冒险。‎ ‎❾　A．pushing B．taking C．setting D．calling 解析：上下文语境题。由上下文可知，作者不断地把学习往后推(push. . . back)。take. . . back带回来；set. . . back拖……后腿；call. . . back回电话。‎ 　A．hanging out B．staying up C．jogging round D．showing off 解析：上下文语境题。因为把功课一直往后推，所以最后只能熬夜(stay up)。hang out出去闲逛；jog round在周围慢跑；show off炫耀。‎ 　A．met B．helped C．treated D．hired 解析：下文语境题。由下文叙述可知，有一天作者遇到了(meet)一个以前的同班同学。help帮助；treat对待；hire雇用。‎ 　A．raising B．wasting C．demanding D．making 解析：下文语境题。由下文提到的running a sideline(经营副业)可知，此处是指赚许多钱(make a lot of money)。raise money筹钱；waste money浪费钱；demand money要钱。‎ 　A．safe B．important C．boring D．rewarding 解析：下文语境题。由下文作者问同班同学为什么不全职经营他的副业可知，他的固定工作很无聊(boring)。safe安全的；important重要的；rewarding值得做的，报酬高的。‎ 　A．luckily B．hardly C．hopefully D．simply 解析：上下文语境题。如果没有那份工作，他简直会有太多时间。simply“实在，简直”，符合语境。luckily幸运地；hardly几乎不；hopefully有希望地。‎ 　A．childhood B．college C．town D．business 解析：上文语境题。结合上文可知，如果拥有太多时间，作者的同班同学就会跟作者在大学里(college)所做的一样。childhood童年时期；town城镇；business生意，商务。‎ 　A．quit B．found C．accepted D．kept 解析：上文语境题。上文作者问同班同学为什么不全职经营副业，所以此处是说“如果辞职(quit)”。find找到，发现；accept接受；keep保持，保留。‎ 　A．heart B．chance C．drive D．way 解析：上下文语境题。如果辞职，他就会失去工作的动力(drive)。drive n. 内驱力，推动力，符合语境。lose one’s heart倾心于；lose one’s chance失去机会；lose one’s way迷路。‎ 　A．saving B．filling up C．giving up D．trading 解析：上文语境题。通过上文得出结论：因此，试着用其他工作填满(fill up)你的时间。save节省；give up放弃；trade交易。‎ 　A．message B．story C．saying D．fact 解析：上下文语境题。句意：这就是为什么有这样一种说法(saying)……message信息；story故事；fact事实。‎ 　A．careful B．busy C．reliable D．kind 解析：上文语境题。通过上文的描述可知，越忙效率越高。故此处意为“如果你想做某事，就请忙碌的(busy)人去完成”。careful仔细的；reliable可信赖的；kind友好的。‎ ‎2‎ ‎(2016·全国Ⅲ卷)‎ When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant __1. B__ Miller King，who was the best __2. D__ at our school. ‎ Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for __3. A__ . ‎ Just before September，Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from __4. C__ . He looked very __5. A__ ，but he didn’t cry. ‎ That season，I __6. B__ all of Miller’s records while he __7. D__ the home games from the bench. We went 10－1 and I was named most valuable player， __8. C__ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s __9. C__ . ‎ One afternoon，I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller __10. A__ going over a fence—which wasn’t __11. B__ to climb if you had both arms. I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept __12. C__ from. But even that challenge he accepted. I __13. B__ him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally __14. D__ on the other side，he said to me，“You know，I didn’t tell you this during the season，but you did __15. A__ . Thank you for filling in for __16. C__ . ”‎ His words freed me from my bad __17. D__ . I thought to myself，how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated，he was __18. A__ ahead of me. I was right to have __19. D__ him. From that day on，I grew __20. B__ and a little more real. ‎ 文章大意：本文是夹叙夹议类文章。在学校“我”喜欢踢足球，并且很崇拜Miller King，但是他因为车祸失去了右臂而不能参加比赛了。“我”代替了他，并且取得了骄人的成绩。“我”心里感觉对不起他，但是他的话让“我”深受感动。‎ ‎❶　A．cheering for B．beating out C．relying on D．staying with 解析：上下文语境题。联系空前的to become the star on our football team和空后的who was the best. . . 可知，“我”要成为足球队的明星，就意味着要击败(beat out)最好的球员Miller King。cheer for为……欢呼；rely on依靠；stay with与……待在一起。‎ ‎❷　A．coach B．student C．teacher D．player 解析：上文语境题。联系前文“我要在足球上打败Miller King”‎ 可知，他是学校最好的球员(player)。coach教练；student学生；teacher老师。‎ ‎❸　A．practice B．show C．comfort D．pleasure 解析：上文语境题。联系前文all summer long I worked out可知，整个夏天自己都带着足球，在外练习(practice)。show表演；comfort安慰；pleasure乐趣。‎ ‎❹　A．school B．vacation C．hospital D．training 解析：上文语境题。联系前文Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. 可知，他出车祸，住院了，然后从医院(hospital)回来。school学校；vacation假期；training训练。‎ ‎❺　A．pale B．calm C．relaxed D．ashamed 解析：上文语境题。联系前文“他刚从医院回来”可知他脸色苍白(pale)。calm平静的；relaxed放松的；ashamed羞愧的。‎ ‎❻　A．held B．broke C．set D．tried 解析：下文语境题。联系下文We went 10－1 and I was named most valuable player. . . 可知，“我”打破(break)了Miller所有的纪录。hold保持；set创造；try尝试。‎ ‎❼　A．reported B．judged C．organized D．watched 解析：下文语境题。联系空后的the home games from the bench可知，他坐在凳子上看(watch)比赛。report报道；judge裁判，评判；organize组织。‎ ‎❽　A．and B．then C．but D．thus 解析：上下文语境题。前后两部分在语意上是转折关系，因此用but。‎ ‎❾　A．decision B．mistake C．accident D．sacrifice 解析：上文语境题。联系空前的Miller’s以及前文讲述的Miller因为车祸致残不能参加比赛的情况可知，作者总是责备自己，因为Miller遭遇车祸(accident)了自己才有机会。decision决定；mistake错误；sacrifice牺牲。‎ 　A．stuck B．hurt C．tired D．lost 解析：下文语境题。联系后文which wasn’t __11__ (hard)to climb if you had both arms可知，因为现在失去了右臂，他过篱笆时被卡住(stuck)了。hurt受伤的；tired疲倦的；lost丢失的。‎ 　A．steady B．hard C．fun D．fit 解析：下文语境题。联系空后的if you had both arms可知，现在他卡住了，如果有两只胳膊，过篱笆对于他来说，不是难(hard)事。steady稳定的；fun有趣的；fit合适的，健康的。‎ 　A．praise B．advice C．assistance D．apology 解析：下文语境题。联系下文I __13__ (helped)him move slowly over the fence. 可知，“我”帮助了他，但是“我”认为他是不想接受“我”的帮助(assistance)。praise表扬；advice建议；apology道歉。‎ 　A．let B．helped C．had D．noticed 解析：上下文语境题。联系前文“I’m sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept assistance from”可知，“我”帮助(help)他从篱笆上下来。let让；have有；notice注意。‎ 　A．dropped B．ready C．trapped D．safe 解析：上文语境题。由前文的move slowly over the fence和空后的on the other side可知，最后我们安全(safe)了。drop落下；ready准备好的；trap卡住。‎ 　A．fine B．wrong C．quickly D．normally 解析：上文语境题。联系前文We went 10－1 and I was named most valuable player可知，他说“我”做得很好(fine)。wrong错误地；quickly迅速地；normally平常地。‎ 　A．us B．yourself C．me D．them 解析：上文语境题。联系空前的filling in可知，因为Miller受伤，作者代替了他，此处是Miller说的话，所以用me。‎ 　A．memories B．ideas C．attitudes D．dreams 解析：上文语境题。联系前文I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame可知，他的话让“我”从这些不好的梦(dream)中摆脱出来。memory记忆；idea主意；attitude态度。‎ 　A．still B．also C．yet D．just 解析：上文语境题。联系空前的Damaged but not defeated可知，Miller尽管受伤，但是没有被打败，他仍(still)在“我”的前面。‎ 　A．challenged B．cured C．invited D．admired 解析：上文语境题。联系前文Miller King，who was the best __2__ (player)at our school可知，“我”崇拜(admire)他。challenge挑战；cure治愈；invite邀请。‎ 　A．healthier B．bigger C．cleverer D．cooler 解析：下文语境题。联系空后的and a little more real可知，自己渐渐长大(bigger)。healthy健康的；clever聪明的；cool酷的。‎ ‎3‎ ‎(2016·全国Ⅱ卷)‎ Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置) on your desk. And they’ve never actually __1. D__ you. Everything they know about you __2. A__ through this device sometimes from hundreds of miles away. __3. B__ they feel they can know you __4. C__ from the sound of your voice. That’s how powerful the __5. A__ is. ‎ Powerful，yes，but not always __6. D__ . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani，my faceless agent whom I’d never met __7. A__ ，got me rock－bottom prices on airfares，cars，and hotels. But her cold voice really __8. A__ me. I sometimes wished to __9. C__ another agent. ‎ One morning，I had to __10. D__ an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Rani’s office __11. A__ . The woman sitting at the desk， __12. B__ my madness，sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a __13. B__ smile，nodded while listening patiently，and then printed out the __14. C__ immediately. “What a wonderful lady！”I thought. ‎ Rushing out __15. C__ I called out over my shoulder，“By the way，what’s your name？”“I’m Rani，”she said. I turned around and saw a __16. D__ woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was __17. D__ ！ Why had I thought she was cold？ Rani was，well，so __18. B__ . ‎ Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport，I figured it all out. Rani’s __19. C__ —her warm smile，her nods，her’I’m here for you’ __20. B__ —were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires. ‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。多年来作者都是通过电话与旅行代理人联系，觉得对方说话的声音冷冰冰的。但是有一次订机票的时候作者亲自来到代理人的办公室，发现自己先前的判断是错误的。‎ ‎❶　A．accepted B．noticed C．heard D．met 解析：上下文语境题。根据上文的have formed impressions of you，on your desk和下文的sometimes from hundreds of miles away，only by phone，再结合全文可知that little device是指电话，由此可判断选D项：他们从来没有见到(meet)过你。accept接受；notice注意；hear听说；meet遇见。‎ ‎❷　A．came B．moved C．ran D．developed 解析：上下文语境题。他们对你的了解全部通过这台装置，有时是来自数百英里之外。come from“来自”，符合语境。come来；move移动；run跑；develop开发，培养。‎ ‎❸　A．Thus B．Yet C．Then D．Indeed 解析：上下文语境题。前文提到“他们对你的了解全部通过这台装置，有时来自数百英里远的地方”，本空用副词yet表示转折含义：可是他们觉得他们能够了解你……thus因此；yet然而；then随后，那么；indeed的确，确实。‎ ‎❹　A．rather B．also C．just D．already 解析：上文语境题。前文说他们没见过你，他们有时离你数百英里远，这里用just表示“仅仅；只是”，此处指“但是他们觉得只需要听到你的声音就能了解你”。rather很，非常；also也，还；just仅仅；already已经。‎ ‎❺　A．telephone B．voice C．connection D．impression 解析：上下文语境题。本题很容易因为前文中的the sound of your voice而错选B项“voice”，但是文章开头说到“that little device”，因此这里讲的是“你书桌上的那台小装置”，下文也提到only by phone和travel through wires，因此本题选A项“电话”。telephone电话；voice嗓音；connection联系；impression印象。‎ ‎❻　A．direct B．useful C．easy D．accurate 解析：下文语境题。通读下文可知，作者开始时因为瑞妮在电话里的声音很冷淡而生气，但见面后，却发现她是个wonderful lady，因此该空选accurate“准确的”，此处是说(电话是)强大的，但不总是准确的。direct直接的；useful有用的；easy容易的；accurate准确的。‎ ‎❼　A．in person B．by myself C．in public D．on purpose 解析：上文语境题。in person表示“亲自”，never met in person与上文的faceless相呼应。in person亲自；by oneself独自；in public公开地；on purpose故意地。‎ ‎❽　A．annoyed B．interested C．discouraged D．confused 解析：上文语境题。作者的这个旅行代理人总能给他最低价格(rock－bottom prices)，但是她冷冰冰的声音让作者不开心，根据语境可知选A项“annoyed”。annoyed生气的；interested感兴趣的；discouraged沮丧的；confused困惑不解的。‎ ‎❾　A．promote B．train C．find D．know 解析：上文语境题。作者对瑞妮冷冰冰的语气很是气恼，有时希望另外找个代理人。promote提升；train训练；find找到；know知道。‎ 　A．arrange B．postpone C．confirm D．book 解析：下文语境题。由下文的a family emergency可知，作者家中有急事，需要马上坐飞机回家，故选book“预订”。arrange安排；postpone推迟；confirm证实；book预订。‎ 　A．for the first time B．at any time C．from time to time D．in good time 解析：上文语境题。上文提到，作者之前与瑞妮从来没有见过面，因此这里选for the first time“第一次”。for the first time第一次；at any time随时；from time to time不时，偶尔；in good time及早，有足够的时间。‎ 　A．expecting B．seeing C．testing D．avoiding 解析：下文语境题。作者跑到瑞妮的办公室，坐在桌旁的瑞妮看到(see)作者着急的样子就跳了起来，满是同情。expect期待；see看见；test检测；avoid避免。‎ 　A．shy B．comforting C．familiar D．forced 解析：上文语境题。根据上文中madness可知作者很着急，因此这里用comforting“令人欣慰的”：她给了我一个令人欣慰的微笑。shy腼腆的；comforting令人安慰的；familiar熟悉的；forced勉强的。‎ 　A．bill B．form C．ticket D．list 解析：上文语境题。上文提到作者家里有急事，需要立即坐飞机回去(an immediate flight home)，因此此处说的是给作者打印飞机票(ticket)。bill账单；form表格；ticket票；list清单。‎ 　A．hopefully B．disappointedly C．gratefully D．regretfully 解析：上文语境题。作者遇到这么热心的旅行代理人，当然是心存感激(gratefully)‎ ‎。hopefully有希望地；disappointedly失望地；gratefully感激地；regretfully遗憾地。‎ 　A．careful B．serious C．nervous D．pleasant 解析：下文语境题。此处应与下文的a big smile，waving to wish me a safe trip相呼应，故用pleasant“令人愉悦的”。careful仔细的；serious严肃的；nervous紧张的；pleasant愉悦的。‎ 　A．amused B．worried C．helpless D．speechless 解析：上下文语境题。作者想到自己当初对瑞妮的错误判断，而眼前的瑞妮是那么热心，因此一时竟不知道该说什么(speechless)了。amused逗乐的；worried担心的；helpless无助的；speechless说不出话的。‎ 　A．calm B．nice C．proud D．clever 解析：上文语境题。由上文可知，作者亲眼见到瑞妮后发现她是一个wonderful lady，于是反问自己“我之前怎么会认为她冷冰冰呢？哦，瑞妮是这么友好(nice)”。calm冷静的；nice友好的，和蔼的；proud骄傲的；clever聪明的。‎ 　A．forgiveness B．eagerness C．friendliness D．skillfulness 解析：下文语境题。破折号后的“她温暖的微笑，她的点头，她的’我在这里为你服务’……”是对该空格的解释，对比四个选项，friendliness(友好)最符合语境。forgiveness宽恕；eagerness急切；friendliness友好；skillfulness熟练。‎ 　A．explanation B．attitude C．concept D．behavior 解析：上下文语境题。结合上文引号中的内容“我在这里为你服务”及下文的silent signals判断B选项“attitude”符合语境。explanation解释；attitude态度；concept概念；behavior行为。‎ 模拟题组 ‎1‎ ‎(2018·河北省“五个一名校联盟”二模)‎ A woman professor was giving a lesson to her students on __1. D__ management. As the raised a glass of water，everyone in the class __2. B__ they would be asked the “half－empty or halffull” question. __3. A__ ，that was not the case. With a smile on her face，she asked the students，“How much do you think this glass of water weighs？”‎ Answers called out __4. A__ from eight to twenty ounces(盎司). ‎ She quieted the students down and then replies，“The absolute weight doesn’t __5. C__ . But it counts how long you hold it. If I hold it for a minute，it is OK. If I hold it for an hour，I will have an ache in my __6. B__ . If I hold it for a day，my arm will feel numb. In each case，the __7. C__ of the glass of water doesn’t change，but the __8. C__ I hold it，the heavier it becomes. Why？”‎ Lost in __9. B__ ，all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully. ‎ ‎“Our stresses and __10. D__ in life are like that glass of water. If we __11. B__ our burdens all the time，sooner or later，we will feel exhausted，even unable to __12. C__ . ”‎ ‎ __13. B__ you have to do is put all your burdens down，as __14. D__ in the evening as possible. Don’t carry them through the evening into the night； by doing this，we can get __15. A__ next morning and are __16. A__ to move forward. ‎ More often than not，life gets terrible when we __17. B__ too much. And the moment you __18. C__ your burdens，you’ll find yourself feeling much more relaxed. ‎ So rather than being upset and feeling __19. B__ for yourself，start doing something about it. After all，life is too short to __20. D__ yourself to anything that is not making you happy. ‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议类文章。文章通过一杯水的重量的事例告诉读者：只有卸下压力和负担，才能活得更轻松。‎ ‎❶　A．class B．emotion C．time D．stress 解析：根据下文中的“Our stresses and __10__ in life are like that glass of water”可知，本文讲的是压力管理。stress management意为“压力管理”。‎ ‎❷　A．wondered B．expected C．agreed D．argued 解析：当她举起一杯水时，每个人都预计他们会被问到“杯子是半空还是半满”的问题。wonder意为“想知道”；expect意为“预料，预计”；agree意为“同意”；argue意为“争论”。‎ ‎❸　A．However B．Meanwhile C．Anyhow D．Therefore 解析：根据语境可知，教授微笑着问：“这杯水有多重？”这与学生预计的不同，故选A。however意为“然而”；meanwhile意为“同时”；anyhow意为“无论如何”；therefore意为“因此”。‎ ‎❹　A．ranged B．replied C．read D．exchanged 解析：根据下文中的“from eight to twenty ounces(盎司)”‎ 可知，喊出的答案从8到20盎司不等。range from. . . to. . . 意为“范围从……到……”，符合语境。‎ ‎❺　A．exist B．change C．matter D．increase 解析：根据下文中的“But it counts how long you hold it”可知，此处表示绝对的重量不重要。matter与count同义，意为“要紧”。‎ ‎❻　A．head B．arm C．leg D．stomach 解析：根据下文中的“If I hold it for a day，my arm will feel numb”可知，此处指的是手臂。因此选B。‎ ‎❼　A．shape B．position C．weight D．size 解析：根据下文中的“but the __8__ I hold it，the heavier it becomes”可知，此处指的是水的重量。shape意为“形状”；position意为“位置”；weight意为“重量”；size意为“大小，尺寸”。故答案为C。‎ ‎❽　A．better B．deeper C．longer D．further 解析：每一种情况下，这杯水的重量都没有改变，但是举的时间越长，它就会变得越重；根据“If I hold it for a minute”，“If I hold it for an hour”及“If I hold it for a day”可知，此处说的是时间。‎ ‎❾　A．fantasies B．thought C．dreams D．discussion 解析：根据下文中的“all the students kept silent and listened to the professor carefully”可知，此处表示“(学生们)陷入沉思”，(be)lost in thought为固定搭配。‎ 　A．doubts B．joys C．surprises D．worries 解析：根据空前的“stresses”和下文中的“burdens”可知，这里表示“我们生活中的压力和烦恼就像那杯水”。‎ 　A．cover B．carry C．hide D．show 解析：根据下文中的“you have to do is put all your burdens down”可知，此处表示如果我们一直背着(carry)沉重的负担，故选B。‎ 　A．pick up B．work out C．carry on D．cacth on 解析：‎ 如果我们一直背着沉重的负担，迟早我们将感到筋疲力尽，甚至难以坚持下去。pick叩意为“捡起，恢复健康、体力等”；work out意为“算出”；carry on意为“继续进行，坚持下去”；catch on意为“流行起来”；故选C。‎ 　A．Something B．All C．Nothing D．Anything 解析：根据语境可知，此处表示你需要做的一切事情就是卸下负担，故选B。‎ 　A．eagerly B．naturally C．quickly D．early 解析：根据“Don’t carry them through th evening into the night”可知，此处表示晚上尽早卸下负担。‎ 　A．refreshed B．entertained C．depressed D．amazed 解析：通过这样做我们第二天可以重新振作精神，能够奋勇向前。refresh“使恢复精神”；entertain意为“使快乐”；depress“使沮丧”；amaze“使大为惊奇”。故选A。‎ 　A．able B．anxious C．passive D．ambitious 解析：参见上题解析。able意为“有能力的”，符合语境。anxious意为“焦虑的”；passive意为“被动的”；ambitious意为“有志气的”。‎ 　A．fear B．think C．rest D．get 解析：通常，当我们想得太多时生活就会变得糟糕。‎ 　A．catch up with B．look down on C．let go of D．put up with 解析：根据上文中的“ __13__ you have to do is put all your burdens down”可知，当你卸下负担的时候，你会发现你自己更加放松。catch up with意为“赶上”；look down on“轻视”；let go of意为“放手，松开”；put up with意为“忍受，忍耐”。因此选C。‎ 　A．happy B．sorry C．disappointed D．greedy 解析：与其感到不安，自我怜悯，不如做一些改变它的事。feel sorry for oneself意为“自我怜悯”，为固定搭配。因此选B。‎ 　A．help B．treat C．drive D．abandon 解析：毕竟人生苦短，不要使自己沉浸在让自己不开心的事情中。abandon oneself to“沉湎于，陷入”，符合语境。help oneself to意为“自用，自取，依靠自己”；treat oneself to意为“犒劳自己”；drive oneself to意为“自己开车去”。‎ ‎2‎ ‎(2018·山西省八校第一次联考)‎ At my daughter’s presentation ceremony，the principal reminded the kids of that now－familiar truth： they could have multiple careers in their lifetimes. As I lay in bed that evening another truth __1. A__ me that it is not just different careers that __2. C__ each child. ‎ I __3. D__ my own life and how much it has __4. A__ . Five years ago，I was in an unhappy marriage，living in a house that I felt wasn’t mine. I felt __5. B__ most of the time and not __6. A__ my own future. Now，I live in my own beautiful apartment. My family life is peaceful，filled with __7. D__ . My life is barely __8. B__ . I created a whole new reality. ‎ I have always __9. C__ that great change is possible. I am the great－grandchild of the immigrants who left their countries with few __10. B__ . From the shtetls(犹太人小村庄) of Russia and Poland，they created their own communities. ‎ My parents moved to a __11. C__ city with two small children and started a life different from that in their hometown. And my late grandmother lived two completely different lives. __12. A__ she was a widow at 43 after my grandfather died suddenly，she __13. B__ her daughters alone，cared for her elderly mother and __14. D__ travelled out of her hometown. At 68，after being single for 26 years，she __15. D__ us all by falling in love and remarrying. She and her husband，Harry，socialized __16. A__ ，and travelled around the country. ‎ Life is full of __17. B__ . We assume that our lives are linear (直线的)，leading us from birth to death into a straight __18. C__ . But they can change and have sharp __19. D__ . They can double back and leap forward and begin another __20. C__ altogether. ‎ 文章大意：本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在文中借助自己及自己亲人的生活经历表达了人生充满可能性的观点。‎ ‎❶　A．hit B．promised C．attacked D．suggested 解析：根据上下文可知，作者突然意识到另一条真理。hit“使突然意识到”符合语境。promise“承诺”；attack“袭击，攻击”；suggest“建议，表明”。‎ ‎❷　A．hold back B．appeal to C．wait for D．call on 解析：根据上文中的“the principal reminded the kids of that now－familiar truth：they could have multiple careers in their lifetimes”可知，此处表示作者突然意识到并不仅仅是不同的事业在等待着每个孩子。wait for“等待”符合语境。hold back“阻挡，抑制”；appeal to“有吸引力，呼吁”；call on“邀请，要求”。‎ ‎❸　A．sought for B．tried out C．took over D．reflected on 解析：根据下文的内容可知，作者认真思考了自己的生活。reflect on “认真思考”符合语境。seek for“寻找”；try out “试验，试用”；take over“接管，接手”。‎ ‎❹　A．transformed B．improved C．abused D．succeeded 解析：根据下文作者所说的自己的生活前后的巨大变化可知，作者思考的是自己的生活发生了多大的改变。transform“改变”符合语境。improve“改善”；abuse“滥用”；succeed“成功”。‎ ‎❺　A．terrified B．anxious C．curious D．ashamed 解析：根据上文中的“Five years ago，I was in an unhappy marriage，living in a house that I felt wasn’t mine”可知，五年前，作者婚姻不幸福，觉得住在一个不属于自己的家中，故作者大多数时候感到焦虑，并觉得无法掌管自己的未来。anxious“忧虑的，焦虑的”符合语境。terrified“非常害怕的，极度惊恐的”；curious“好奇的”；ashamed“羞愧的”。‎ ‎❻　A．in control of B．in defence of C．in honor of D．in place of 解析：参见上题解析。in control of“掌管，控制”符合语境。in defence of“保卫”；in honor of“为向……表示敬意”；in place of“代替，取代”。‎ ‎❼　A．noise B．devotion C．admiration D．laughter 解析：根据上文中的“Now，I live in my own beautiful apartment. My family life is peaceful”可知，作者现在住在自己漂亮的公寓中，家庭生活平静安宁，充满了欢笑。laughter“笑，笑声”符合语境。devotion“奉献，忠诚”；admiration“钦佩，赞赏”。‎ ‎❽　A．bearable B．recognizable C．suitable D．acceptable 解析：根据上文提及的作者前后生活的对比以及下文的“I created a whole new reality”可知，作者创造了一个全新的现实生活，故可推知作者现在的生活(和以前的相比变化巨大)很难被认出来。recognizable“容易认出的，易于识别的”符合语境。bearable“可忍受的，能应付的”；suitable“合适的”；acceptable“可接受的，令人满意的”。‎ ‎❾　A．imagined B．doubted C．believed D．remembered 解析：根据语境可知，作者一直都相信巨大的变化是可能发生的。believe“相信”符合语境。imagine“想象”；doubt“怀疑”；remember“想起，记起”。‎ 　A．contacts B．belongings C．expectations D．devices 解析：根据上文中的“who left their countries with few”并结合选项可知，此处指携带很少的财物离开他们自己的国家。belongings“财物，财产”符合语境。contact“熟人，社会关系”；expectation“期望”；device“装置”。‎ 　A．poor B．remote C．strange D．wealthy 解析：根据下文中的“started a life different from that in their hometown”可知，作者的父母搬去了一个陌生的城市。strange“陌生的”符合语境。remote“遥远的，偏僻的”。‎ 　A．Since B．Until C．When D．Although 解析：根据下文中的“she was a widow at 43 after my grandfather died suddenly，she __13__ her daughters alone”可知，由于作者已逝的外祖母是一个寡妇，所以她(生前)独自抚养自己的女儿们。Since“因为，由于”在此处引导原因状语从句。‎ 　A．educated B．raised C．accompanied D．comforted 解析：参见上题解析。raise“抚养”符合语境。educate“教育”；accompany“陪同，伴随”；comfort“安慰”。‎ 　A．nearly B．frequently C．smoothly D．rarely 解析：根据上文中的“she __13__ her daughters alone，cared for her elderly mother”可知，作者的外祖母(生前)要独自抚养自己的女儿们，照顾自己年老的母亲，所以她很少去她家乡之外的地方旅行。rarely“很少，不常”符合语境。nearly“几乎”；frequently“频繁地，经常”；smoothly“顺利地”。‎ 　A．amused B．annoyed C．satisfied D．surprised 解析：根据上文的内容，尤其是“she was a widow at 43 after my grandfather died suddenly”“At 68，after being single for 26 years”和下文中的“falling in love and remarrying”可知，作者的外祖母(生前)在成了寡妇26年后，于68岁时坠入爱河并再婚，这应该是让作者他们感到吃惊的。surprise“使惊奇，使感到意外”符合语境。amuse “逗笑，(使)娱乐”；annoy“使生气，使恼怒”；satisfy“使满意”。‎ 　A．endlessly B．casually C．punctually D．accidentally 解析：根据下文中的“and travelled around the country”可知，作者的外祖母(生前)和自己的丈夫Harry周游全国，不断地参加社交活动。endlessly“不断地，无休止地”符合语境。casually“随意地”；punctually“守时地”；accidentally“意外地”。‎ 　A．challenges B．possibilities C．hardships D．hopes 解析：根据上文作者所举的例子可知，生活是充满可能性的。possibility“可能，可能性”符合语境。challenge“挑战”；hardship“艰苦，贫困”；hope“希望”。‎ 　A．pattern B．shape C．path D．queue 解析：根据上文中的“We assume that our lives are linear(直线的)，leading us from birth to death into a straight”可知，我们认为自己的生活是条直线，就是自生至死的一条笔直的路。path“路”符合语境。pattern“图案，模式”。‎ 　A．tendencies B．directions C．increases D．twists 解析：根据上文中的“We assume that our lives are linear(直线的)，leading us from birth to death into a straight __18__ . But they can change and have sharp __19__ ”和下文中的“They can double back and leap forward”可知，我们的生活并不是直线，而是会变化并出现急转弯的。twist“(河流或道路的)曲折处，急转弯处”符合语境。tendency“倾向，趋势”；direction“方向”。‎ 　A．marriage B．relationship C．story D．plan 解析：根据语境可知，生活会沿原路返回，向前跳跃并开始另一个故事。story“故事”符合语境。marriage“婚姻”；relationship“关系”；plan“计划”。‎ ‎3‎ ‎(2018·福州市一模)‎ Don’t look away Ten years ago，I traveled to India with friends. One day，I spent some time in a home __1. B__ the dying. I walked into a large __2. C__ and saw rows and rows of cots (折叠床). Every cot was __3. D__ except for one far off in the corner， __4. C__ I walked over there. The patient was a woman who was __5. A__ death. ‎ She had huge，sorrowful eyes. I could __6. B__ she had AIDS，from the fact that she was off in the corner __7. C__ It came as no surprise. The. __8. D__ for AIDS is abandonment—especially for women. ‎ When I arrived at her cot，I suddenly felt totally __9. A__ . I had absolutely nothing I could __10. B__ her. I knew I couldn’t save her，but I didn’t want her to be alone. So I __11. D__ next to her and reached out to __12. B__ her—and as soon as she felt my hand，she grabbed it and __13. A__ let go. I had sat there holding her hands for a while when she pointed __14. C__ with her finger. It took me some time to __15. D__ that she wanted to go up to the roof. So I __16. C__ her ‎ up the stairs. On the roof she sat there with her face to the __17. B__ ，watching the sunset. ‎ Sometimes it’s the people you can’t help who __18. C__ you the most. For me optimism isn’t a passive expectation that things will get __19. A__ . It’s a belief that whatever __20. D__ we see，no matter how bad it is，we can help people if we don’t look away. ‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。在印度旅行期间，“我”去帮助濒临死亡的病人。面对一位濒临死亡的女性艾滋病患者，“我”虽然没能提供什么支持，但“我”选择了握一握她的手，并背着她上屋顶看日落，这对她也是极大的帮助。不要对别人的苦难视而不见，伸出自己的双手，让世界充满爱。‎ ‎❶　A．behind B．for ‎ C．at D．from 解析：根据下文描述的“我”帮助一位女性艾滋病患者可知，“我”去临终之家为濒临死亡的人提供帮助和服务。for意为“给，对(表示对象或用途)”。‎ ‎❷　A．courtyard B．hospital ‎ C．hall D．church 解析：根据下文中的“go up to the roof”和上一句中的“in a home”可以判断，在大厅里“我”看到了一排排的折叠床，上面躺着病人。hall意为“大厅”，符合语境。courtyard“庭院，院子”；hospital“医院”；church“教堂”。‎ ‎❸　A．arranged B．controlled ‎ C．exchanged D．attended 解析：根据第一段第二句中的“the dying”，并结合该句中的“Every cot was”可知，每张床上都躺着濒临死亡的病人，他们都得到了照顾。attend意为“照看，照顾”，符合语境。arrange意为“安排”；control意为“控制”；exchange意为“交换”。‎ ‎❹　A．but B．though ‎ C．so D．because 解析：根据上文中的“Every cot was __3__ except for one far off in the corner”可知，每张床上的病人都得到了照顾，除了远处角落里的一位；根据空后的“I walked over there”可知，“我”走向了那里；据此可以判断，两句间为因果关系，且为前因后果，故用so。‎ ‎❺　A．on the point of B．afraid of C．mentioning D．fighting ‎ 解析：根据下文中的“she had AIDS”，并结合语境可知，这位病人是一位女性艾滋病患者，即将死亡。on the point of意为“濒临，快要……的时候”；afraid of意为“担心，害怕……”；mention意为“提到，提及”；fright意为“斗争”。‎ ‎❻　A．announce B．tell ‎ C．admit D．predict 解析：根据前一句提到“She had huge，sorrowful eyes”，并结合该句中的“from the fact that she was off in the corner”可知，从这位女病人悲伤的眼神和远离其他病人被扔到角落里的情况“我”看出，她是一位艾滋病患者。tell“看出，知道”，符合语境。announce“宣告”；admit“承认”；predict“预测”。‎ ‎❼　A．ashamed B．exhausted C．alone D．worried 解析：根据该句中的“she had AIDS，from the fact that she was off in the corner”可知，她是一位艾滋病患者，被孤独地扔在角落。alone意为“孤独的”，符合语境。ashamed意为“羞愧的”；exhausted意为“筋疲力尽的”；worried意为“担心的”。‎ ‎❽　A．preparation B．embarrassment C．cure D．punishment 解析：根据该句“The __8__ for AIDS is abandonment—especially for women”可知，对于艾滋病患者的惩罚是遗弃，尤其是女性。punishment意为“惩罚”，符合语境。preparation意为“准备”；embarrassment意为“尴尬”；cure意为“治愈”。‎ ‎❾　A．helpless B．disappointed C．surprised D．hopeless 解析：根据空处后一句中的“I had absolutely nothing I could”可知，“我”确实没有什么可以提供给她的，由此可推断，走到她的病床，“我”突然感到很无助。helpless意为“无助的”；disappointed意为“失望的”；surprised意为“惊讶的”；hopeless意为“绝望的”。‎ 　A．promise B．offer ‎ C．lend D．pass 解析：参见上题解析。offer意为“提供，自愿给”，符合语境。promise意为“承诺”；lend意为“借给，添加”；pass意为“经过，通过”。‎ 　A．turned down B．knocked down C．settled down D．knelt down 解析：根据空处前一句“I knew l couldn’t save her，but I didn’t want her to be alone”可知，“我”知道“我”无法挽救她，但是“我”不想让她感觉孤独；结合该句中的“so I 11__ next to her and reached out to __12__ her”可知，因而“我”在她身旁跪下来，伸手去触摸她。kneel down意为“跪下”，符合语境。turn down意为“拒绝，调低”；knock down意为“撞倒，拆掉”；settle down意为“定居，平静下来”。‎ 　A．look at B．touch ‎ C．save D．call on 解析：参见上题解析。touch意为“触摸，碰”，符合语境。look at意为“看”；save意为“挽救”；call on意为“号召”。‎ 　A．wouldn’t B．couldn’t ‎ C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 解析：根据上文可知，“我”在她身旁跪下来，伸手去触摸她，一感觉到“我”的手，她就抓住它，不愿意松开。‎ 　A．deliberately B．outside ‎ C．upward D．clearly 解析：根据下文中的“she wanted to go up to the roof”可知，她想要登上屋顶；结合语境可知，“我”坐在那里握着她的手时，她用她的手指朝上指了指。upward意为“朝上，向上”，符合语境。deliberately意为“慎重地，故意地”；outside意为“在外，向外”；clearly意为“清楚地”。‎ 　A．point out B．make sure C．keep in mind D．figure out 解析：根据该句“It took me some time to __15__ that she wanted to go up to the roof”可知，“我”花了一些时才弄清楚她想要登上屋顶。figure out意为“弄清楚”，符合语境。point out意为“指出”；make sure意为“确保，保证”；keep in mind意为“记住”。‎ 　A．followed B．showed ‎ C．carried D．lifted 解析：根据空处前一句中的“she wanted to go up to the roof”可知，她想要登上屋顶；结合语境可知，“我”背着她上楼。carry意为“抱，搬，背”，符合语境。follow意为“跟随”；show意为“展示”；lift意为“举起，抬起”。‎ 　A．world B．west C．hometown D．background 解析：根据该句中的“watching the sunset”可知她脸朝向西方，看着落日。west意为“西方”，符合语境。world意为“世界”；hometown意为“家乡”；background意为“背景”。‎ 　A．trust B．respect ‎ C．inspire D．guarantee 解析：根据语境并结合上文叙述的“我”帮助一位濒临死亡的女性艾滋病患者可知，有时那些你无法帮助的人最能激励你。inspire意为“激励，鼓舞”，符合语境。trust意为“相信”；respect意为“尊敬”；guarantee意为“保证，确保”。‎ 　A．better B．truer ‎ C．worse D．tougher 解析：上文叙述了“我”帮助了一位濒临死亡的女性艾滋病患者，同时自己也得到了心灵的鼓励，因此对“我”来说，乐观并不是一种相信事物会变得更美好的被动期望。better意为“更好的”；truer意为“更真实的”；worse意为“更糟糕的”；tougher意为“‎ 更艰难的”：‎ 　A．performance B．loneliness C．disease D．suffering 解析：这是一种这样的信念：不管我们看到什么苦难(suffering)，不管事情有多么糟糕，只要我们不袖手旁观，我们就能帮助到别人。performance意为“表演，表现”；loneliness意为“孤独”；disease意为“疾病”。‎ ‎4‎ ‎(2018·广州市一模)‎ One of my teammates said it best on our last day of the season： “Guys，you are my family. We are all brothers. ” Our tennis team is more than just a group of individual players thrown __1. D__ ； there is a friendship __2. C__ by no other group with which I have been involved. We are __3. B__ ，yet connected. We have student－athletes from all four years of high school，from different parts of the city，and from different families and social __4. B__ . Nevertheless，we are all __5. D__ by a shared love of tennis. The tennis team __6. C__ to me because it contains two things that I treasure most： tennis and __7. A__ . ‎ Ever since I was ten years old，the __8. C__ aspect of tennis has attracted me to physical sport. My first tennis coach always used to say，“Tennis is 10% physical and 90% of mental. ”‎ ‎ __9. D__ the mental strength to stay __10. B__ and controlled under pressure，skills are __11. C__ . Sometimes I feel like I have two __12. A__ in a match： me against the person on the other side of the net，and me against the person inside my head，telling me to hit a better shot. ‎ However，despite the __13. A__ pressures of tennis，the brotherhood __14. B__ by working together as a team helps spread the __15. D__ of the pressure over an entire group. We __16. A__ each other on and off the court. We do this because we have become a(n) __17. B__ away from home. I play my best tennis when I have my team’s full support， __18. D__ in the knowledge that they are always backing me __19. A__ . I know that each one of us puts everything we have into every __20. C__ whether we are playing or cheering. ‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。我们是有着不同背景的网球队员，对网球的热爱使我们组成一个大家庭；在比赛中，由于得到了队员的全力支持，“我”常常能发挥出最佳球技。网球队让我们成为好兄弟。‎ ‎❶　A．around B．back ‎ C．forward D．together 解析：根据该句中的“Our tennis team is more than just a group of individual players thrown __1__ ”可知，我们的网球队不仅仅是单独的球员意外聚在一起的一个团队；由该句中的关键词“individual players”可推知，空处表示“使偶然相遇”，故D项正确。‎ ‎❷　A．earned B．followed ‎ C．matched D．noticed 解析：根据该句“Our tennis team is . . . there is a friendship __2__ by no other group with which I have been involved”可知，我们的网球队有着其他队伍不能匹敌的友谊。C项意为“相匹敌”，故C项正确。A项意为“赢得，获得”，B项意为“跟随”，D项意为“注意到”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎❸　A．courageous B．diverse ‎ C．motivated D．skillful 解析：根据该句“We are __3__ ，yet connected”并结合下句“We have student－athletes from all four years of high school，from different parts of the city，and from different families and social __4__ ”可知，我们各不相同，但是彼此又有联系。B项意为“不同的，多样的”，故B项正确。A项意为“有勇气的”；C项意为“积极的，主动的”；D项意为“熟练的，处理巧妙的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎❹　A．activities B．backgrounds C．responsibilities D．services 解析：根据该句内容可推知，我们的社会背景各不相同。B项意为“背景”，故B项正确。‎ ‎❺　A．disturbed B．sponsored ‎ C．trained D．united 解析：结合语境可知，该句“Nevertheless，we are all __5__ by a shared love of tennis”表示：然而，对网球共同的爱把我们联合在一起。D项意为“团结的”，符合语境。‎ ‎❻　A．continues B．returns ‎ C．matters D．occurs 解析：根据该句中的“because it contains two things that I treasure most”可知，因为球队里有“我”最珍视的两件东西，所以网球队对“我”重要。C项意为“重要”，故C项正确。‎ ‎❼　A．brotherhood B．childhood C．entertainment D．society 解析：根据上文中的“there is a friendship”和最后一段中的“the brotherhood”并结合选项可知，网球队对“我”重要，因为球队里有“我”最珍视的两件东西：网球和手足情谊。A项意为“手足情谊”，故A项正确。B项意为“童年”；C项意为“娱乐”；D项意为“社会”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎❽　A．physical B．environmental C．mental D．technical 解析：根据下句“My first tennis coach always used to say，’Tennis is 10% physical and 90% mental. ’”可知，“我”‎ 的第一位网球教练过去常说，网球是10%的体力和90%的智力的体育运动；再结合该句可知，从“我”十岁开始，网球的智力要求就吸引着“我”参加该项体育运动。C项意为“智力的”，故C项正确。‎ ‎❾　A．According to B．Beyond C．In spite of D．Without 解析：结合语境可知，该句“ __9__ the mental strength to stay __10__ and controlled under pressure，skills are __11__ ”表示在压力下，如果没有智力来保持冷静并能克制，那么技巧是没有用的。D项意为“没有，缺乏”。故D项正确。‎ 　A．active B．calm ‎ C．hopeful D．silent 解析：参见上题解析；B项意为“冷静的”，故B项正确。A项意为“活跃的”，C项意为“抱有希望的”，D项意为“沉默的”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．contradictory B．difficult C．useless D．powerful 解析：参见第9题解析。C项意为“无用的”，故C项正确。A项意为“相反的”，B项意为“困难的”，D项意为“有力的”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．opponents B．friends ‎ C．goals D．risks 解析：根据该句中的“me against the person on the other side of the net，and me against the person inside my head，telling me to hit a better shot”可知，有时“我”觉得在一场比赛中“我”有两个对手。A项意为“对手”，故A项正确。B项意为“朋友”，C项意为“目标”，D项意为“风险”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．unavoidable B．unreasonable C．unexpected D．unwelcome 解析：根据该句中的“However，despite the __13__ pressures of tennis”并结合常识可知，在网球运动中压力是不可避免的。A项意为“不可避免的”，故A项正确。B项意为“不合理的”，C项意为“未曾想到的”，D项意为“不受欢迎的”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．allocated B．created ‎ C．imagined D．suspected 解析：根据该句中的“the brotherhood __14__ by working together as a team”可知，该处指由全队成员团结一致而创造的手足情谊。B项意为“创造”，故B项正确。A项意为“分配”，C项意为“想象，设想”，D项意为“怀疑，猜想”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．area B．control ‎ C．value D．weight 解析：根据该句中的“the brotherhood. . . helps spread the __15__ of the pressure over an ‎ entire group”可知，手足情谊会将这种压力的重量分布到整个群体中。D项意为“重量”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“地区”，B项意为“控制”，C项意为“价值”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．support B．fight ‎ C．recognize D．teach 解析：根据该句“We __16__ each other on and off the court”并结合下文第18空所在句中support可知，我们在球场上和球场下都彼此支持。A项意为“支持”，故A项正确。B项意为“斗争”，C项意为“认出”，D项意为“教学”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．audience B．family ‎ C．reason D．surprise 解析：根据第一段中的“you are my family”并结合全文内容可知，我们能彼此相互支持是因为我们已经成了一家人。‎ 　A．anxious B．curious ‎ C．sensitive D．secure 解析：根据该句“I play my best tennis when I have my team’s full support， __18__ in the knowledge that they are always backing me __19__ ”可知，当球队成员全力支持“我”的时候，“我”的球技发挥最佳，知道背后总是有他们热情的支持，“我”就放心了。secure in the knowledge that. . . 为固定用法，意为“知道……就安心/放心了”，故D项正确。A项意为“着急的”，B项意为“好奇的”，C项意为“敏感的”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．enthusiastically B．differently C．gradually D．intentionally 解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“热情地”，故A项正确。B项意为“以不同的方式”，C项意为“逐渐地”，D项意为“故意地”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．dream B．person ‎ C．match D．team 解析：该句意为：我知道我们每个人在每一场比赛中都尽自己所能，不管我们是在参赛还是在欢呼。C项意为“比赛”，符合语境，故C项正确。‎ ‎5‎ ‎(2018·太原市二模)‎ On July 24，1916，a natural gas explosion trapped 32 men working in a tunnel 250 feet below Lake Erie. The first rescuers who entered the tunnel were __1. C__ by gas，and for hours no one else dared to enter the suffocating (使人窒息的) ， __2. D__ deathtrap. ‎ Then，late that night，someone had an idea： __3. B__ Garrett Morgan and his new invention. Garrett Morgan was a successful __4. A__ owner in Cleveland. The son of freed slaves ‎ and the seventh of 11 children，mechanically minded Morgan had opened his own sewing machine shop，which he soon __5. C__ to a tailoring factory with 32 employees. ‎ In the early 1900s，factory buildings were crowded and untidy. They were often __6. D__ of wood，with no fire escapes. Fire could cause serious __7. B__ . Concerned about his employees，Morgan __8. A__ with a “safety hood (面罩)” that would allow the wearer to __9. C__ despite a fire’s poisonous smoke. ‎ Morgan knew smoke rises during a fire. __10. A__ ，he created a heat－resistant hood with a long tube reaching to the floor. Wearing Morgan’s hood，a firefighter could breathe the __11. A__ air near the __12. B__ . Morgan lined the breathing tube with a sponge－like material that was wetted before use to __13. C__ the air. A second tube was designed to __14. D__ exhaled (呼出的 ) air. ‎ Called to the scene on the night of the tunnel explosion，Garrett arrived with samples of his safety hood. Still in their nightwear，he and his brother Frank put on the hoods and __15. B__ entered the tunnel. It was a dangerous __16. B__ of the invention，but they saved two lives and __17. C__ four bodies before officials closed the __18. D__ . Morgan knew that more lives might have been saved if he had been called sooner. ‎ The daring __19. A__ made Morgan famous and brought requests for safety hoods from fire departments around the country. But his greatest __20. D__ was knowing that his invention would save more people. ‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。Lake Erie地区的天然气爆炸，导致32名隧道员工被困，由于有毒烟雾，最初的救援行动失败后没有人敢再进入隧道施救；有人请来了Garrett Morgan，一个安全面罩的发明者，他和他的弟弟戴上面罩勇敢地进入隧道，挽救了两条人命。这次救援行动使得Garrett Morgan声名远播，他的发明将挽救更多人的生命。‎ ‎❶　A．lit B．powered ‎ C．overcome D．overheated 解析：根据该句中“and for hours no one else dared to enter. . . deathtrap”可知，有几个小时没有其他人敢进入隧道；结合该句“The first rescuers who entered the tunnel were __1__ by gas”可知，最初进入隧道的人被燃气呛晕了。C项意为“被(烟或气体)熏得失去知觉，被呛晕”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“点燃，燃烧”；B项意为“提供动力”；D项意为“使过热”。‎ ‎❷　A．changeable B．remarkable C．cautious D．poisonous 解析：根据下文第三段尾句中的“poisonous smoke”并结合该句中的“for hours no one else dared to enter the suffocating(使人窒息的)， __2__ deathtrap”可知，几个小时都没有其他人敢进入这个使人窒息的、有毒的危险之地。D项意为“有毒的”‎ ‎，故D项正确。A项意为“可变的”；B项意为“不寻常的，显著的”；C项意为“小心的，谨慎的”。‎ ‎❸　A．show off B．send for ‎ C．rule out D．take away 解析：根据下文第五段第一句“Called to the scene on the night of the tunnel explosion，Garrett arrived with samples of his safety hood”可知，在隧道爆炸的夜晚，Garrett Morgan带着他的安全面罩来到现场。结合该句“Then. . . Garrett Morgan and his new invention”可知，该处指派人去请来Garrett Morgan，并让他带上他的新发明——安全面罩。B项意为“派人去请”，故B项正确。A项意为“炫耀，卖弄”，C项意为“排除”，D项意为“带走”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎❹　A．factory B．slave ‎ C．restaurant D．store 解析：根据该段尾句中的“a tailoring factory with 32 employees”可知，Garrett Morgan是一个工厂的所有人。A项意为“工厂”，故A项正确。B项意为“奴隶”；C项意为“饭店”；D项意为“商店”。‎ ‎❺　A．declined B．decided ‎ C．expanded D．exported 解析：根据该句中的“Morgan had opened his own sewing machine shop，which he soon __5__ to a tailoring factory with 32 employees”可知，Garrett Morgan开了自己的缝纫机店，很快就把它扩大为一家有32名员工的裁缝工厂。C项意为“扩展，扩大”，故C项正确。A项意为“下降，衰退，衰落”；B项意为“决定”；D项意为“出口”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎❻　A．afraid B．true ‎ C．consisted D．made 解析：根据该句“They were often __6__ of wood，with no fire escapes”可知，过去的工厂通常是木制建筑，没有太平梯。be made of为固定搭配，意为“由……制成”，故D项正确。‎ ‎❼　A．business B．damage ‎ C．illness D．doubt 解析：根据该句中的“Fire could cause serious”并结合常识可知，火灾能导致严重的损失。B项意为“损失”，故B项正确。A项意为“商业，生意”。C项意为“疾病”。D项意为“怀疑”。都与语境不符。‎ ‎❽　A．experimented B．associated C．equipped D．struggled 解析：根据该句中的“Concerned about his employees，Morgan __8__ with a’safety hood(面罩)’”可知，由于担心员工的安全，Garrett Morgan试验了“安全面罩”。A项意为 ‎“试验，试用”，符合语境。B项意为“联系”；C项意为“配备”；D项意为“奋斗，挣扎”。‎ ‎❾　A．exist B．communicate C．breathe D．listen 解析：根据该句中的“that would allow the wearer to __9__ despite a fire’s poisonous smoke”可知，这种面罩使使用者能在有火灾的有毒烟雾的情况下呼吸。C项意为“呼吸”，故C项正确。A项意为“存在”；B项意为“交流”；D项意为“听”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．Therefore B．However C．Anyway D．Besides 解析：根据下文中的“he created a heat－resistant hood with a long tube reaching to the floor”可知，他发明了一种隔热罩，用一根长管子延伸到地板上，结合上文中的“Morgan knew smoke rises during a fire”可知，Morgan知道火灾中的烟雾会上升，两句间为因果关系，A项意为“因此”，故A项正确。B项意为“然而”，表示转折；C项意为“反正，无论如何”；D项意为“此外，而且”。‎ 　A．cleaner B．thicker ‎ C．colder D．warmer 解析：根据前一句中的“with a long tube reaching to the floor”可知，他发明了一种隔热罩，用一根长管子延伸到地板上，并结合该句中的“Wearing Morgan’s hood，a firefighter could breathe the __11__ air near the __12__ ”可知，消防员戴上Garrett Morgan的面罩可以呼吸到地面附近更清洁的空气。A项意为“更清洁的”，故A项正确。B项意为“更浓的”；C项意为“更冷的”；D项意为“更暖和的”。‎ 　A．ceiling B．ground ‎ C．roof D．window 解析：参见上题解析。B项意为“地面”，故B项正确。A项意为“天花板”；C项意为“房顶”；D项意为“窗户”。‎ 　A．feel B．trap ‎ C．cool D．heat 解析：根据该句中的“lined the breathing tube with a sponge－like material that was wetted before use to __13__ the air”可知，管子里面使用一种海绵样的材料，在使用前浸湿以冷却空气。C项意为“冷却”，故C项正确。A项意为“感觉”；B项意为“困住，使陷入圈套”；D项意为“使变热”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．put on B．get off ‎ C．pollute D．release 解析：根据该句中的“A second tube was designed to __14__ exhaled(呼出的)air”‎ 并结合常识可知，设计的第二根管子是用来释放呼出的气体的。D项意为“释放”，故D项正确。A项意为“上演，穿上，戴上”；B项意为“下班，出发，脱下”；C项意为“污染”。‎ 　A．unwillingly B．bravely C．gradually D．simply 解析：根据该句中的“entered the tunnel”并结合第一段叙述的没有人敢进入隧道可知，他们勇敢地进入了隧道。B项意为“勇敢地”，故B项正确。A项意为“不情愿地”；C项意为“逐渐地”；D项意为“仅仅”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．task B．test ‎ C．game D．part 解析：根据该句中的“It was a dangerous __16__ of the invention，but they saved two lives”可知，这是对他的发明的一次危险的测试，但是他们(最终)挽救了两条人命。B项意为“测试”，故B项正确。A项意为“任务”；C项意为“游戏”；D项意为“部分”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．overlooked B．identified C．recovered D．buried 解析：根据该句中的“they saved two lives and __17__ four bodies before officials closed”可知，他们挽救了两条人命，并找到了四具尸体。C项意为“寻回，找到”，故C项正确。A项意为“忽视”；B项意为“识别”；D项意为“埋葬”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．gap B．case ‎ C．deal D．site 解析：根据该句中的“but they saved two lives and __17__ four bodies before officials closed the __18__ ”可知，在官员们关闭事故地点前，他们挽救了两条人命。D项意为“地点”，故D项正确。A项意为“缺口”；B项意为“案例”；C项意为“协议”。‎ 　A．rescue B．attempt ‎ C．reform D．escape 解析：根据该句“The daring __19__ made Morgan famous and brought requests for safety hoods from fire departments around the country”可知，这次勇敢的救援行动使Garrett Morgan声名远播。全国各地的消防部门提出了使用安全面罩的要求。A项意为“营救”，故A项正确。B项意为“尝试”；C项意为“改革”；D项意为“逃跑”，都与语境不符。‎ 　A．fortune B．comfort C．achievement D．reward 解析：根据语境及该句“But his greatest __20__ was knowing that his invention would save more people”可知，尽管这次勇敢的救援行动为他带来了许多回报，但他最大的回报是他知道他的发明将挽救更多的人的生命。D项意为“回报，奖励”，故D项正确。A项意为“‎ 运气，大笔的钱”；B项意为“安慰”；C项意为“成绩，成就”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎6‎ ‎(2018·福建省毕业班质检)‎ I was once in an unusual sociology(社会学) class at Brandeis. Each week we studied the __1. B__ we interacted with one another，and how we __2. A__ to anger，envy，attention. We were human lab rats. More often，someone __3. D__ crying. I referred to it as the “touchy—feely” course. Mr. Brown said I should be more __4. C__ . ‎ One day，Mr. Brown said he had an __5. D__ for us to try. We were to stand，facing away from our classmates and __6. C__ backward，relying on another student to __7. A__ us. Most of us were __8. B__ with this，and we couldn’t let go for more than a few inches __9. A__ stopping ourselves. We laughed in __10. D__ . ‎ Finally，a thin，quiet girl，whom I noticed almost always wear the same clothes，crossed her arms over her chest， __11. C__ her eyes and leaned back，just like one of those Lipton tea ads __12. D__ the model dived into the pool. ‎ For a moment，I was __13. C__ she was going to fall on the floor. At the __14. D__ moment，her partner grabbed her head and __15. A__ and pulled her up. ‎ ‎“Whoa！” several students yelled. Some __16. B__ . ‎ Mr. Brown finally smiled. ‎ ‎“You see，” he said to the girl，“you closed your eyes. That was the __17. B__ . Sometimes you cannot believe what you see，you have to believe what you __18. A__ . And if you’re ever going to have other people __19. C__ you，you must feel that you can trust them， __20. B__ ，even when you’re in the dark，even when you’re falling. ”‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了Brown老师通过一堂练习课让作者及其同学体会到了信任的力量的故事。‎ ‎❶　A．behaviour B．ways C．courses D．relationship 解析：每周我们都学习与他人互动的方式(ways)。behaviour“行为”；course“课程”；relationship“关系”。‎ ‎❷　A．responded B．objected ‎ C．stuck D．referred 解析：根据语境及上文中的“we interacted with one another”可知，此处表示我们如何对愤怒、妒忌和关注做出反应。respond to“对……做出反应”；object to“反对”；stick to“坚持”；refer to“查阅，参考”。‎ ‎❸　A．went on B．gave up C．put off D．ended up 解析：该句后面的句子表示我把它称作“情绪化”的课程，该句与该句后一句构成因果关系，作者之所以称之为情绪化课程，是因为有人在互动中对上面提到的感情的反应常常是哭泣，故end up“最后处于”符合文意。go on“继续”；give up“放弃”；put off“推迟”。‎ ‎❹　A．skillful B．honest C．open－minded D．energetic 解析：此处是Brown老师给作者提的建议——作者的思想应该更加开明(open－minded)。skillful“熟练的”；honest“诚实的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。‎ ‎❺　A．arrangement B．order C．introduction D．exercise 解析：根据后面的内容可知，Brown老师要我们练习身体往后仰这个动作。exercise“练习”符合语境。arrangement“安排”；order“命令”；introduction“序言，导论”。‎ ‎❻　A．jumped B．moved C．fell D．ran 解析：根据下文中的“leaned back”和“she was going to fall on the floor”可知选C。‎ ‎❼　A．catch B．pull C．control D．support 解析：根据下文中的“her partner held her head. . . up”可知选A。catch“接住”。‎ ‎❽　A．dissatisfied B．uncomfortable ‎ C．pleased D．familiar 解析：根据“we couldn’t let go for more than a few inches __9__ stopping ourselves”可知，此处表示我们大部分因为这感到不舒适(uncomfortable)。dissatisfied“不满意的”；pleased“高兴的”；familiar“熟悉的”。‎ ‎❾　A．before B．after C．while D．until 解析：根据语境可知，此处指停下做向后倾的动作之前，故选A。‎ 　A．surprise B．excitement ‎ C．delight D．embarrassment 解析：根据上下文可知，在做这个练习时，身体稍稍往后倾斜，同学们就不敢做了，这时他们会感到尴尬(embarrassment)。‎ 　A．fixed B．opened ‎ C．closed D．touched 解析：根据下文中的“you closed your eyes”可知选C。fix“固定”；open“打开”；touch“触摸”。‎ 　A．every time B．as though ‎ C．when D．where 解析：分析句子结构可知，ads后面的部分为定语从句，修饰先行词Lipton tea ads，ads表示“广告”，空处在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，故用where。every time“每当”；as though“似乎”；when“当……时”。‎ 　A．sorry B．shocked ‎ C．sure D．puzzled 解析：根据下文中的“At the __14__ moment，her partner held her head and __15__ and pulled her up”可推知，空处所在句表示“我”肯定(sure)她将要摔倒在地板上了。sorry“遗憾的”；shocked“震惊的”；puzzled“感到困惑的”，都不符合语境。‎ 　A．unusual B．crazy C．exciting D．last 解析：at the last moment表示“在最后一刻”，故选D。‎ 　A．shoulders B．attention ‎ C．legs D．chance 解析：根据常识可知，要把即将倒地的人拉起来，应该是抱住人的头和双肩。attention“注意”；leg“腿”；chance“机会”，都不符合语境。‎ 　A．wept B．clapped ‎ C．laughed D．sighed 解析：“several students yelled”反映了同学们的激动，因此同学们会为其鼓掌(clapped)。weep“流泪”；laugh“笑”；sigh“叹息”。‎ 　A．success B．difference ‎ C．result D．requirement 解析：根据上下文可知，闭着眼和睁着眼是不一样(difference)的。‎ 　A．feel B．notice C．hold D．meet 解析：根据上下文可知，Brown老师之所以认为闭着眼不一样，是因为他认为人们有时不相信他们所看到的，但有时却不得不相信他们所感受(feel)到的。‎ 　A．stand by B．rely on C．believe in D．call for 解析：空处照应后面的trust，故选C项。stand by“袖手旁观”；rely on “依靠，依赖”；call for“需要，要求”。‎ 　A．however B．too C．though D．therefore 解析：如果你要让别人信任你，你必须感觉你也(too)能够信任他们。‎