高中英语：Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note(人教课标必修3)

高中英语：Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note(人教课标必修3)

Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note ‎ 单 元 学 习 目 标 导 航 类别 新课标要求掌握的项目 话 题 ‎1. Talk about short stories and dramas.‎ ‎2. How to act out a play.‎ ‎3.How to request and order food.‎ 词 语 单 词 ‎ Birthplace, novel, adventure phrase author scene wander pavement businessman permit ahead bay stare fault spot passage account embassy seek patience contrary envelope unbelievable steak pineapple dessert amount rude manner scream genuine rag indeed bow barber 词组 bring up, go ahead, by accident, stare at, account for, on the contrary, take a chance, in rags, as for 功 能 Request（请求）‎ Would you please come in?‎ Would you mind waiting just a few minutes?‎ May I ask you how much money you have?‎ ‎— Well, to be honest, I have none.‎ Could you offer me some kind of work?‎ I wonder, Mr. Adams, if you mind us asking a few questions?‎ ‎— Go right ahead.‎ Ordering food (点餐)‎ I’d like some ham and eggs and a nice big steak.‎ I’ll have a nice long glass of beer.‎ 语 法 Noun clauses as the object (宾语从句)‎ I can’t say that I have any plans.‎ ‎...and he does not know what he should do.‎ I did not know whether I could survive until morning.‎ Noun clauses as the predicative (表语从句)‎ That’s why we’ve given you the letter.‎ 第一课时 warming up & pre-reading 自主学习学案 ‎【教学目标】了解《百万英镑》及其作者马克·吐温的时代背景，了解戏剧的基 本知识，提高学生文学修养和欣赏水平。树立正确价值观和人生观。掌握名 词性从句作表语和宾语的用法。‎ ‎【教师寄语】If you shed tears when you miss the sun,you also miss the sun. ‎ 如果你为失去了太阳而哭泣，那么你也将失去群星了。‎ ‎【教学重点】Language aims: ‎ ‎1）词汇和短语 bet, make a bet, permit, go ahead, by accident, stare, account for, to be honest, jealous 2）交际用语Expressions on request:‎ ‎ Would you step inside a moment, please?/‎ Would you please come in?/‎ May we ask what you’re doing in this country and what your plans are?/‎ Well, why don’t you explain what this is all about?‎ ‎2. 能力目标 Ability aims:‎ ‎1) Enable students to read and hear natural language in a dramatic context ‎ 2) Retell the scene using the key words of the whole scene.‎ 重点 key points:‎ ‎1. Mastery of the words and phrases in the text. ‎ ‎2. How to interpret language through tone of voice and body language.‎ 难点 important points:‎ ‎1. Develop students’ reading ability.‎ ‎2. Enable students to learn to express their requests and answers.‎ STEP 1. Warming up通过对马克·吐温及其作品的讨论引发学生学习兴趣，使学生对马 克·吐温及其作品有个初步的了解。并且简要介绍《百万英镑》的故事情节。‎ ‎1. What do you know about the American writer Mark Twain ? ‎ The greatest humorist of the 19th century American literature ‎2. Do you know any of his works? Can you name any of them?‎ The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876)(汤姆·索亚历险记） The Prince and the Pauper (1882)（皇子与贫儿） The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1894） （哈克贝利·费恩历险记）‎ ‎3.《百万英镑》故事大概：可以播放电影视频。‎ STEP 2 Reading ‎ ‎1. Fast reading (tips:统揽全文，获得大意即可，不要句句阅读。)‎ ‎1). Who was Henry? ‎ An American businessman, who arrived in London by accident, penniless, hungry and lonely.‎ ‎ 2) Where does Henry Adams come from? Does he know much about London?‎ Henry comes from San Francisco. ‎ No, he doesn’t know London at all.‎ ‎3）What did he do in America?‎ He worked for a mining company ‎ ‎4）Why did he land in Britain?‎ He was sailing out the bay when he was carried out to sea by a strong wind and was survived by a ship for London.‎ ‎5.）What did the two gentlemen give Henry?‎ They give him a letter.‎ ‎6）When can Henry open the letter?‎ He can’t open it until two o’clock ‎7）Why did they chose Henry?‎ Because Henry was honest, hard-working and poor.‎ ‎2.Put the following events in correct order.‎ ‎(1) Henry wandered in London streets.‎ ‎(2) About a month ago Henry Adams was sailing out of the bay.‎ ‎(3) The next morning he was spotted by a ship.‎ ‎(4) Towards nightfall he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind.‎ ‎(5) On the ship he earned his passage by working as an unpaid hand.‎ ‎_____(2)(4)(3)(5)(1)____‎ Step3 post-reading ‎1.What kind of persons do you thinkHenry is?‎ ‎_honest_________It is my first trip here./Well, to be honest, I have none. (no money)/Well, I can’t say that I have any plans. ‎ ‎__hard-working__I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand./Could you offer me some kind of work here?/I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.‎ ‎__direct/frank_Well, it may seem luck to you but not to me. /If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don’t think it’s very funny. /Now, if you’ll excuse me, I think I’ll be on my way.‎ ‎2. Retell the story by filling the following passage. ‎ Henry was an_________. One day he had an accident in a_____. Luckily he was saved by a ship for_______. He arrived in London by earning his passage without pay. He was _____in the street in_____. To his surprise, an ________ thing happened. Two rich brothers gave him a million pound bank-note because they had made a_____. ‎ 答案American,bay, London, lost, rags, incredible, bet Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note 第二课时 Reading 自主学习学案 ‎【教学目标】(1) 了解《百万英镑》及其作者马克·吐温的时代背景，提高学生的文学修养和培养学生的跨文化意识；‎ ‎(2) 学习语言交际中委婉请求、请求允许和点餐的表达法 ‎ ‎【教师寄语】My heart,the bird of the wilderness,has found its sky in your eyes.‎ 我的心，是旷野的鸟，在你的眼睛里找到了它的天空。‎ ‎【教学重点】重点词汇和短语 Envelope, unbelivable, steak, pineapple. dessert, amount, take a cjhance, rude, manner, scream, genuine, rag, in rags, indeed, as for, bow, barber ‎2. 能力目标 Ability aims:‎ ‎1) Enable students to read and hear natural language in a dramatic context ‎2) Retell the scene using the key words of the whole scene.‎ 要点核心解读：‎ ‎1. He was brought up in Hannibal, Missouri, along the Mississippi River.‎ bring up 抚育，培养，教育 She brought up five children.‎ 他是由姨妈带大的 He was brought up by his aunt. ‎ ‎2 . a large sum of … 常用于修饰不可数名词。‎ ‎ Now he has a large sum of money; He can do anything he wants with it.‎ 拓展：1)只用于修饰可数名词的有:‎ dozens of ; scores of ; a great many ; a large/great number of ‎2) 只用于修饰不可数名词的有:‎ much; a great /good deal of; a great /good amount of ‎3) 既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词的有:‎ a lot of ; lots of; plenty of; a large quantity of ‎ ‎3.bet (1)赌博n.‎ make a bet打赌 make a bet on sth. with sb ‎ Let’s make a bet on the next election.‎ 咱们赌下次大选好吗？‎ ‎（2)v.I bet……= I’m certain……我肯定…‎ I bet he’s gone to swimming---he loves it. ‎ 我敢肯定他去游泳了，他喜爱这项运动。‎ ‎4. Permit me to lead the way, sir. ‎ ‎ 先生, 请让我来带路吧。‎ ‎ permit(v.)‎ e.g. Will you permit us to use this room for a meeting this afternoon? ‎ 你能准许我们今天下午在这个房间开个会吗？‎ Permit me to explain it. ‎ 容我解释一下。‎ 归纳：1)permit 后面常跟不定式的复合结构，即: permit sb. to do sth. “允许某人干某事”，‎ ‎ 2) permit doing准许做某事 e.g. The rules of the club don’t permit smoking. 俱乐部的规矩是不允许吸烟。‎ We don’t permit smoking in the office.‎ 与permit同义的词allow，也这样使用。‎ ‎ 小试身手： ‎ Her mother would not permit her to return late.她的妈妈是不会允许她晚归的。‎ We don’t permit smoking (smoke) in the office.‎ I was permitted to explain (explain) it.‎ ‎5. Go right ahead.‎ go ahead 固定搭配，表示“前进”，“毫不犹豫地去做” 根据场合通常译为“用吧，说吧，开始干吧”‎ e.g.If you want to use the bathroom, go ahead.‎ If you think you can settle the problem, go ahead.‎ ‎---Would you mind if I turned the TV down?‎ ‎---____B______‎ A.Yes, I don’t mind. B. No, go ahead.‎ C. yes, please D. Don’t do that ‎ ‎6. by accident 偶然地， 意外地 我只是碰巧找到的。I only found it by accident ‎ 回忆所学：‎ 与by accident同义词组by chance; 反义词组on purpose ‎7.… eyes stare at what is left of the brothers’ dinner on the table.‎ ‎ stare at 盯着看，凝视 I stared blankly at the paper in front of me.‎ 我茫然地看着面前这张纸 ‎8. I find myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.‎ ‎ find oneself ….（发现自己不知不觉…)‎ ‎ e.g. He found himself walking towards the park.‎ ‎ 拓展：find＋复合宾语结构 ‎ (1) find sb doing sth I suddenly found myself running down the street.‎ ‎      (2) find sb/sth done ‎ ‎　   She found the door closed. (过去分词）‎ ‎     Getting off the bus, he found his wallet stolen.‎ ‎ (3) find＋it +形容词+不定式 ‎   I find it easy to understand the article.‎ 小试身手：‎ ‎1)When we returned from our holidays, we found everything ____________ .What _______ whil we had been away. A ‎    A．changed; had happened B．changing; happened ‎ C．had changed ; has happened D．was changing; happened ‎2) When I came out, I found him ___B____. ‎ ‎      A．went B．gone C．missed D．losing ‎3) I found _A__ hard to get along with his brither.‎ A．it B．that C．this D．what ‎9.spot n.&v.‎ ‎(1)n. 斑点 豹和虎哪一个身上有斑点？‎ Which has spots, the leopard or the tiger?‎ ‎(2)v. 找出，认出，发觉 杰克最终找到了他想要的衬衫。‎ Jack finally spotted just the shirt he wanted.‎ 我看不出两者的区别。‎ I can’t spot the diffrence between them.‎ ‎10.And it was the ship that brought you to England. 正是那艘船把你带到了英国。‎ ‎ (1)该句为强调句，强调句的基本句型：It is／was+被强调的部分+that／who/whom +其他成分。如：①It was Mary who／that I met at the railway statmn yesterday．(强调宾语Mary)‎ ‎ ②It was at the railway station that I met Mary yesterday.(强调地点状语)‎ ‎ ③It was yesterday that I met Mary at the railway station. (强调时间状语)‎ ‎ (2)强调句的一般疑问句型：Is／Was+it+被强调的部分+that／who／whom…?‎ 如：Was it you that met Mary at the railway station yesterday?‎ ‎ (3)强调句的特殊疑问句型：特殊疑问词+is／was+it+that／who／whom…?‎ 如：Whom was it that I met at the railway station yesterday? ‎ ‎ 【注意】 ① 强调状语时，连接词只能用that；强调人时，则还可用who(在从句中作主语)或whom(在从句中作宾语)。‎ ‎② 强调句型不能强调谓语，要强调谓语动词，可用do、does、did。 ‎ 巩固提高 ‎ 1．单句改错 l ‎ ① It was in the park where I saw Tom yesterday.__that________‎ ‎ ②It was in l919 when the May 4th Movement broke out.__that________ ‎ ‎ 2．It was because of bad weather___D______the football match had to be put off． ‎ A．so B．so that C．why D．that ‎ ‎11.I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.‎ 我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整的原因了。‎ earn one’s passage 挣取旅费 account for : 做某事的解释；解释某事物的原因。‎ e.g.Please account for your own conduct.‎ 请你对自己的行为作出解释。‎ 小试身手：‎ His illness accounts for his absence. 他因病缺席。‎ How do you account for the sudden disappearance of the murder weapon.‎ ‎12. to be honest =honestly speaking 老实说 类似用法 ： to be frank =frankly speaking坦率地说 To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning. 我认为我们取胜的可能性不大。‎ ‎13.On the contrary,in fact. 事实上，正好相反 ‎---I hear you’re enjoying your new job.‎ ‎--- On the contrary, I find it rather dull.‎ ★ 随堂练习 I 单词拼写 ‎1.The_scene_______(场景)of the play is set in a small village．‎ ‎2．Her parents don’t__permit_________(允许)her to go out alone at night．‎ ‎3．I don’t know the exact___spot_________(地点)where it happened．‎ ‎4．It is not polite to___stare_____(盯着看)at others for a long time． ‎ ‎5.To be honest，my opinion is__contrary_______(相反的)to yours．‎ II选词填空 bring up；stare at；account for；on the contrary；by accident；‎ scene；fault；unbelievable I ‎1.I found the key_by accident_____when l was cleaning the room．‎ ‎2．They_stared at_the strange sight in surprise．‎ ‎3．It’s__unbelievable__ that the old man is able to draw the car with his nose．‎ ‎4．It doesn’t seem ugly to me；__on the contrary____ ，I think it’s rather beautiful．‎ ‎5. It was not our__fault__that the machine went wrong．‎ ‎6．Carelessness__accounted for___the accident and it was the driver who was to blame．‎ ‎7．Reporters were soon on the_scene__after the accident．‎ ‎8．We were__brought up___ to show respect for the old III单项选择 ‎1.—-Bob, are you free at themoment? I have to ask you some questions. Help yourself ‎ A.It’s my pleasure B. Ask, please C. Help yourself D. Yes go ahead ‎ ‎2.We don’t permit______in the classroom；that is to say，students aren’t permitted __________in the classroom．‎ ‎ A．to smoke；to smoke B．smoking；smoking ‎ C．smoking；to smoke D．to smoke；smoking ‎3. No one likes______；it makes you feel uncomfortable．‎ ‎ A．being stared B．being stared at ‎ C．glaring at D．1ooking at ‎4．He is a_______ teacher，and he explains every problem to ‎ his students with great_________．‎ ‎ A．patiently；patience B．patiently；patient ‎ C．patient：patience D．patient；patient ‎5.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found_______in the kitchen．‎ ‎ A．smoke B．smoking ‎ C．to smoke D．smoked Unit 3The Million Pound Bank Note 第三课时Learning about language & Using language 自主学习学案 ‎【教学目标】让学生借助上下文和情景猜测词义，了解词汇丰富含义，培养学 生自主学习的能力和认知策略。‎ ‎【教师寄语】where is a will,there is a way.Great hope make great man.‎ 世上无难事只怕有心人，伟大的理想造就伟大的人 Step1:预习，自己做以下练习 I 重点短语 ‎1．_in____rags 衣衫褴褛 ‎2．__as___ for 关于；至于 ‎3．take __a__ chance 冒险 ‎4．pay attention __to_ 注意 ‎5．___in__a rude manner 以粗鲁的方式 II．必背句型 ‎1．恐怕这得花费一大笔钱。‎ ‎ 1’m afraid_it’ll cost a large amount of money_‎ ‎2．真的，先生，我希望您想来的时候就来。‎ ‎ _Indeed______，sir’I hope you’ll come here __whenever you like____ _______ _________.‎ ‎3．至于账单，先生，请你忘了吧。‎ ‎ ___As for the bill__，sir，please forget it．‎ III 走进课文 主旨归纳 CDDAD ‎1．The passage is mainly about ________. ‎ ‎ A．Henry lost the bank note ‎ B．Henry’s bank note was stolen in a hotel ‎ C．Henry’s experience after he got the bank note ‎ D．Henry spent his money that he owned 细节理解 ‎2．What food did not Henry order?‎ ‎ A．Steak． B．Pineapple．‎ ‎ C．Ham and eggs． D．Bread．‎ ‎3．What did Henry find in the envelope?‎ ‎ A．Nothing． B．A photo．‎ ‎ C．A picture． D．A million pound bank note．‎ ‎4．How did Henry feel when he found the million pound bank ‎ note in the envelope?‎ ‎ A．Surprised． B．Crazy．‎ ‎ C．Glad． D．Sad．‎ 推理判断 ‎5．What can we learn from the waiter’s look and manner at first?‎ A．He wanted to beat Henry．‎ ‎ B．He thought Henry was a beggar．‎ ‎ C．He was rude to the Henry．‎ ‎ D．He thought Henry couldn’t pay for the meal．‎ Language points in using language I.I’m afraid it’ll cost a large amount of money.‎ (1) 总量，总额，总计，总数 What is the amount of the bill.‎ (2) a large amountof 表示“大量的” 修饰__不可数_________名词，作主语时，谓语动词用_单数__数 There is a large amount of work for us to do A large amount of money was spent on the library..‎ (3) ‎ good/large amounts of 表示“大量的” 修饰__不可数__名词，作主语时，谓语动词用__单_数 large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.‎ ‎1.完成这项工程需要花费我们大量的时间和金钱。‎ It will take us___a_large amount of time and money____ _______ _______ _______ ________ _______ to ‎ finish the work.‎ ‎2.Although a large ____ of money was used and a ___ of doctors and nurses lost their lives in the fighting against SARS, we were able to win the battle in the end.‎ A.number ; amount B.amount; number ‎ C.amount; amount D.number, number II.Well, we’ll have to take a cahnce.‎ take a chance 碰运气，冒险 Why not go ahead and __take a chance_____ ______ ________‎ 为什么不继续干下去，碰碰运气呢？‎ III.in a rude manner 以粗鲁的方式，态度粗鲁地 1. rude adj. 粗鲁的，无礼的 (1) be rude to sb 对某人粗鲁，对某人无礼 Don’t be so rude _to___ your parents.‎ 不要对父母这么无礼。‎ (2) It is rude (of sb) to do sth （某人）做某事是粗鲁的 It is rude to keep people waiting.‎ It is rude_of___ her _to__ go without telling us.‎ 她像我们打声招呼就走了，这是非常无礼的。‎ 2. manner (1) ‎“方式，方法，举止，态度”，常用_单___数 Why are you talking in such a strange manner? ‎ 你为什么用这种奇怪的方式谈话 I don’t like his manner, it’s very rude.‎ 我不喜欢他的举止，很粗鲁 (2) ‎“礼貌，礼仪，规矩，习俗”常用_复__数 Mind your table manners at the dinner party.‎ 在宴会上要注意餐桌礼仪 It’s good manners to do sth 有礼貌做…；做..是有礼貌的 It’s bad manners to do sth 没有礼貌做…; 做…是有礼貌的 ‎_It’s bad manners to___ ____ _____ _____ talk with when you are eating.‎ 吃东西的时候说话时不礼貌的。‎ Do you think it is ___ good manners to hear others’ conversation in ___ curious manner?‎ A.the; a B. /;/ C. /;a D. the; the IV.But he’s in rags.‎ in rags 穿着破烂的衣服，衣衫褴褛 Never look down upon those in rags.‎ Do you know the old man _in rags___ ____‎ 你认识那个衣衫褴褛的老人吗？‎ V.Indeed,sir, I hope you’ll come here and whenever you like.‎ 1. indeed adv. 事实上，实际上，其实 I don’t mind. Indeed. I am delighted to help.‎ 我不在乎，其实我很乐意帮忙 2. ‎（1）whenever = no matter when 引导让步状语从句，意思是“不论什么时候，在任何时候”‎ You can ask for help whenever you need it.‎ 你如果需要帮助，随时可以提出来 I will discuss it with you whenever you like.‎ 你愿意什么时候我就什么时候和你商量这件事 ‎（2）类似引导让步状语从句的词还有 however, wherever,whatever, whoever, whichever等，相当于no matter + 疑问词 However late he is ,his mother will wait for him to have dinner together.‎ 无论多晚，他的妈妈都会等他一起吃饭。‎ Wahtever you say, I won’t belive you.‎ 无论你说什么，我都不会相信。‎ Whoever breaks the law will be punished.‎ 无论是谁违反法律都将受到惩罚。‎ VI.As for the bill,sir, please forget it.‎ ‎ as for 关于，至于,就…而言 As for the cause of the fire, I don’t know anything.‎ 至于火灾的原因，我一点也不知道 As for myself, I will not go.‎ 就我而言,我不去.‎ ‎1.今天就到此为止,至于其他问题,我们明天再接着讨论.‎ Let’s stop here today._As for the other matters____ _____ ______ ______ ______, we’ll go on to discuss them tomorrow.‎ 随堂练习 单词拼写 ‎1．It’s___rude___ (粗鲁的)to talk to the elderly like this．‎ ‎2．A large__amount__(数量)of money is spent on advertisements ‎ every year·‎ ‎3．I don’t mind at all．_Indeed_(其实)，I am willing to help ‎ you·‎ ‎4．All the men turned and_bowed (鞠躬)as the Emperor passed．‎ ‎5．Everyone recognizes Disney’cartoon_characters_(人物)．‎ 单项选择 ‎1．The beggar who was_____rags was half-dead from hunger before a kind person offered him some food．‎ ‎ A．by B．in C．with D．on ‎2． ___1’m very sorry that the traffic is SO heavy．‎ 一Does that_____why you are late for work again?‎ ‎ A．explain to B account to ‎ C．account for D．explain for ‎3．He doesn’t like vegetables very much，and_____ fruit，he never touches it．‎ A．as for B．as long as C．as far as D．as well as ‎4．It is generaUy considered unwise to give a child_____ he or she wants。‎ A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．wherever ‎4.___ of coal ____ used in this plant every year.‎ ‎ A．A plenty；was B·Large amounts；was C．A large number；was D．Large amounts；were ‎5.he is vy friendly____，and we become friends at once·‎ A．at all B．in all C．as well D indeed ‎6.The boy has good_____，and always offers his help in a ‎ Friendly______．‎ ‎ A．manner；manner B．manners；manner ‎ C。manner；manners D．manners；manners Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note 第五课时Grammar自主学习学案 学习目标：‎ ‎1．语言目标 Language aims:‎ Get the students to study noun clauses.‎ ‎2. 能力目标 Ability aims:‎ Enbale students to use noun clauses correctly and properly.‎ 重点 key points: ‎ How to use noun clauses as the object and the predicative correctly and properly.‎ 难点 difficult points:‎ How to use noun clauses as the object and the predicative correctly and properly. ‎ 学习方法 learning method：‎ 根据学案所给例句认真阅读并理解掌握宾语从句及表语从句的用法 StepI grammar ‎ 宾语从句与表语从旬 ‎ 在复合句中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。‎ ‎ 一、宾语从旬 ‎ 1．that引导的宾语从句：that引导宾语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，且通常可以省略。‎ ‎ We all agreed (that)it would be a mistake not to take his advice.‎ 我们都认为不听他的意见将是个错误。‎ 注意以下几点： ‎ ① 如果及物动词后面有两个(或两个以上)并列的宾语从句时，只有第一个连词that 可以省略。如： ‎ ‎ We all think (that) she is working very hard and that she will surely go to a very good university.‎ 我们都认为她学习非常努力，一定能进一个非常好的大学。‎ ‎ ③当宾语从句后接有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：‎ ‎ We think it important that every citizen should have good manners ‎ 我们认为每个市民有礼貌是很重要的。(其中it为形式宾语，而真正的宾语就是that引导的从句。)‎ ‎2．whether／if引导的宾语从旬 ‎ whether／if作“是否”讲，常用在ask，care，find out，know， wonder等动词后引出带有疑问意义的宾语从句。从句中仍保持陈述语序，whether或if不担当成分。‎ ‎ I wonder if／whether he can come tomorrow．‎ ‎ 他明天是否能来我不清楚。‎ ‎ 注意：在下列情况下一般只用whether，不用if：‎ ‎ a．引导主语从句并在句首时；b．引导表语从句时；C．引导从句作介词宾语时；d．从句后有“or not”时；e．后接动词不定式时；f.作discuss等词的宾语时。‎ ‎3．特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 ‎ 此类词主要包括连接代词who，whom，whose，what， which和连接副词when，where，how，why。这些连接词都有词义，除引导从句外，还在从句中充当一定的成分。这种宾语从句有疑问意义，但不是疑问句，不能用疑问语序，而要用陈述语序。‎ 例如：‎ ‎ Do you know where Jim’s father works?‎ 你知道吉姆的父亲在哪里工作吗?‎ ‎4．宾语从旬中的时态 ‎ 宾语从句的时态必须与主句呼应。‎ ‎ (1)如果主句中谓语动词是现在时态，那么从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响，可以根据需要使用任何时态。‎ 例如：‎ ‎ He says he is going to swim with his friend tomorrow．‎ ‎ 他说他打算明天和朋友去游泳。(从句是一般将来时)‎ ‎ (2)如果主句谓语是过去时态，那么从句中的时态一般为表示过去的某种时态(如过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时)。例如：‎ ‎ He said that he had seen the film．‎ ‎ 他说他曾看过这部电影。(从句是过去完成时)‎ ‎ (3)如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时。例如：‎ ‎ My father told me that the sun rises in the east．‎ ‎ 爸爸告诉我太阳从东方升起。(真理)‎ ‎ 5．宾语从句中的否定转移 ‎ 在I／We think(believe，suppose，guess，expect．imagine等)后面的从句里，如果含有否定含义，往往需要把否定词由从句移到主句，这叫否定转移。例如：‎ ‎ I don’t think you are fit for the job．‎ ‎ 我认为你不适合这项工作。‎ ‎ 注意：在发生否定转移的句子中，其反意疑问句的人称及助动词应与从句的人称和动词相对应。例如：‎ ‎ I don’t think you are right．are you?‎ ‎ 我认为你不正确，对吗?(不用do I)‎ 二、表语从句 ‎ 在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。表语从句位于主句中的连系动词之后。引导表语从句的连接词主要有：连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which；连接副词when，where，‎ how，why及从属连词that，whether，as if，because等。‎ 1． that引导的表语从句 ‎ that仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不能省略。这种从句往往对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。其基本结构为“主语+系动词+that从句”。‎ ‎ Our plan is that we’11 90 there once a week．‎ ‎ 我们的计划是每周到那儿一次。‎ What surprised me most was that all the pupils were unusually quiet．‎ 使我十分惊讶的是所有的学生异乎寻常的安静。 ‎ ‎ The trouble is that she has lost his address． ‎ 麻烦的是她已弄丢了他的地址 ‎2．wh-疑问词引导的表语从旬 ‎ (1)连接代词what，which，who，Whom，whose除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语，且有各自的词义。‎ ‎ This is what I want．‎ 这就是我想要的。(what在从句中作want的宾语)‎ ‎ Xiao Li is no longer what he used to be．‎ ‎ 小李不再是以前的样子了。(what在从句中作表语)‎ ‎ (2)连接副词when，where，how，why除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式或原因状语，本身具有词义。‎ ‎ Their difficulty is where they can raise enough money．‎ ‎ 他们的困难是他们到哪里筹到足够的钱。(地点) ‎ ‎ That is why he caught a cold yesterday．‎ ‎ 那就是为什么他昨天得了感冒。(原因)‎ ‎ This is how she did it．‎ ‎ 她是这样做的。(方式)‎ ‎ (3)whether引导的表语从句 ‎ 连接词whether起连接作用，意为“是否，究竟，到底”，在句中不作任何成分。‎ ‎ What he wants to know is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning．‎ ‎ 他想要知道的是我们到明天早上能否完成工作。‎ ‎3.从属连词as if，as though，because，as等引导的表语从句 ‎ because引导表语从句通常只用于“This／That／It is／was because…”结构中。as if／though引导的表语从句常置于系动词1ook，seem，sound，be，become等后面，常用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气。例如：‎ ‎ It is because he was careless．‎ ‎ 那是因为他粗心。‎ ‎ Things were not as they seemed to be．‎ ‎ 情况并不是看起来的那个样子。‎ ‎ It looks as if it is going to snow．‎ ‎ 看起来天要下雪。‎ ‎ The little boy talked as if he were an adult．‎ ‎ 这个小男孩讲起话来像个大人似的。‎ ‎4．学习表语从句应注意以下几点：‎ ‎ (1)当主语是the reason，the result或why引导的主语从句时，常用that引导表语从句，不用because。例如：‎ ‎ Why we decided to put off the football match is that the weather was too bad．‎ ‎ 我们之所以决定推迟这场足球赛，是因为天气太糟糕了。‎ ‎ (2)在引导表语从句时，whether不能被if替换。例如：‎ ‎ His first question was whether Mr．Smith had arrived yet．‎ ‎ 他的第一个问题是史密斯先生到了没有。‎ ‎ (3)that’s why…是why引导的表语从句，表示“那就是……的原因”，the reason why…is that…中why引导的是定语从句，that引导的是表语从句，表示“……的原因是……”。例如：‎ ‎ That’s why I want you to work there．‎ ‎ 那就是我要你在那儿工作的原因。‎ ‎ The reason why he was so late is that it was raining hard．‎ 他来这么晚是因为下大雨了.‎ ‎1．He looks_______he hadn’t had a good meal for a month．‎ ‎ A．that B．as if C．when D．so far ‎ ‎2．I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella．______I got wet through． ‎ ‎ A．It’s the reason B．That’s why C．There’s why D．It’s how ‎ ‎ 3．A moderm city has been set up in________was wasteland ten years ago.‎ ‎ A．what B．which C．that D．where ‎ ‎ 4．You are saying that everyone should be equal，and this is_______I disagree． ‎ ‎ A．whatever B．where C．what D．how ‎5．A computer is a machine，which can only do______you have told it to do．‎ ‎ A．how B．after C．when D．what ‎6．See the flags on top of the building?That was_______we did this morning．‎ ‎ A．when B．which C．where D．what ‎7．一What did your parents think about your decision?‎ 一They always let me do________I think I should．‎ A．when B．that C．how D．what ‎8.I want to know_______the thief was caught on the spot．‎ ‎ A．which B．that C．what D．whether ‎9．The other day,my brother drove his car down the street at______I thought was a dangerous speed．‎ A．as B．which C．what D．that ‎10．The reason _______he was absent from school was_________he had missed the ‎ train．‎ ‎ A．why；that B．that；because C．why；because D．／；that ‎11．I was surprised at her words，which made me recognize________silly mistakes I had made．‎ ‎ A．what B．that C．how D．which ‎12．一Would you like to do it at all?‎ 一I’d love to，but the question is_______it is worth doing．‎ A．if B．whether C．when D．that ‎13．The road is covered with snow．I can’t understand_______ they insist on going by motorbike．‎ ‎ A．why B．whether C．when D．how ‎14．Go and get your book．It’s________you left it．‎ ‎ A．here B．there C．where D．where there ‎15．He said_______he had eaten nothing for a long time and________he was very hungry．‎ A．that；／ B．／；that C．／：／D．what；what ‎16．The problems is ________ the film is worth seeing.‎ ‎ A. if B. whether C. that D. why ‎17. It all depends on _____ they will support us.‎ ‎ A. when B. where C. whether D. if ‎18. It seems ______ he has already known the news.‎ ‎ A. if B. as C. as if D. when ‎19. — Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game? (2003北京)‎ ‎ — Oh, that’s ________.‎ ‎ A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about ‎ C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited ‎20. The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand ______ they insist on going by motorbike. (2004全国)‎ A. why B. whether C. when D. how ‎1-20BBABD,DDDCA,ABACB, BCCAA