专题05+介词（热点难点突破）-2019年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破

专题05+介词（热点难点突破）-2019年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破

Ⅰ.语法填空 ‎1‎ George Washington was the first President of the United States of America.His first term 1.________ president was from 1789 to 1793 and his second term from 1793 to 1797.2.________ he became president，he played important roles in the army,3.________(lead) the American Continental Army to victory over the British in 1783.Washington is often seen as the father of the United States and is probably the best 4.________(know) American politician ever.‎ The likeness and the name of George Washington can still be seen in many places.There is the portrait of 5.________(he) and three other American presidents carved into Mount Rushmore National Memorial.His image is also used on 6.________ one-dollar bill and the quarter-dollar coin.At least three universities 7.________(name) after him.‎ Washington’s Birthday was first celebrated as a holiday in Columbia in 1880.It was made a federal holiday in 1885.The holiday was 8.________(original) held on the anniversary of Washington’s birth，on February 22.In 1971，this holiday was moved to the 9.________(three) Monday in February.‎ This holiday is legally designated as “Washington’s Birthday”．Though other institutions such as local governments and private 10.________(business) may use other names，it is the federal government’s policy to always refer to holidays by the names designated in the law.‎ 语篇解读　乔治·华盛顿是美国历史上第一位总统，也是刻入拉什莫尔山国家纪念公园的四位伟大的总统之一。美国人民非常崇拜华盛顿，将他的诞辰纪念日定于二月份的第三个星期一。‎ ‎2．答案　Before 解析　考查连词。根据语境可知，他在当选总统之前，在军队中起着重要作用。故填入从属连词before。 ‎ ‎3．答案　leading 解析　考查非谓语动词。此处表示他在军中担任要职，他领导的美国大陆军于1783年战胜英军。主语 he与动词lead之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作伴随状语。 ‎ ‎4．答案　known 解析　考查形容词。由语境和句式结构分析，空格处缺少形容词，表示“知名的”。结合提示词可知应填known。此处表示华盛顿通常被看作美国之父，他也可能是美国最著名的政治家。 ‎ ‎5．答案　him 解析　考查代词。根据语境分析，介词of后缺少宾语，且此处指代华盛顿，故用him。 ‎ ‎7．答案　are named 解析　考查动词时态和语态。本段的主体时态为一般现在时，且此处没有明确的表示其他时态的时间状语，由此可分析，此处应用一般现在时，而句中的主语“three universities”与动词name之间存在动宾关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，即are named。 ‎ ‎8．答案　originally 解析　考查词性转换。由空后的held可知，此处应用形容词original的副词形式修饰动词，即originally。 ‎ ‎9．答案　third 解析　考查序数词。根据语境和上文的定冠词the可判断出，此处应填入基数词three的序数词，即third。在1971年，这一节日被移到了二月的第三个星期一。 ‎ ‎10．答案　businesses 解析　考查名词单复数。根据文中的关键信息“other institutions...local governments”可判断出，此处应用名词的复数形式businesses，表示“多家私人企业”。 ‎ ‎2‎ Did you grow up in one culture，your parents came from another，and you are now living in a 11.________(total) different country? If so，then you are a third-culture kid.‎ The term“third-culture kid” 12.________(use) in the 1960s for the first time by Dr.Ruth.She first came across this phenomenon while 13.________(research) North American children living in India.In general，third-culture kids benefit from 14.________(they) intercultural experience and they often reach excellent academic results.‎ Yet many 15.________(difficulty) may arise from this phenomenon.Third-culture kids may not be able to ‎ adapt themselves completely 16.________ their new surroundings.Also，they often find it hard 17.________(develop) new friendship.Additionally，for a third-culture kid，it is often easier to move to a new country 18.________ to return to his homeland.For example，after living in Australia for many years，Louis finally returned to the country 19.________ she was born.She didn’t know anything about current TV shows 20.________ fashion trends.And she didn’t share the same values as other teens of her age.‎ 语篇解读　这篇文章主要讲了“第三文化的孩子们”这个术语的出现背景以及“第三文化的孩子们”的学习及心理现状。‎ ‎11．答案　totally 解析　考查副词。修饰形容词different用副词，所以填totally。‎ ‎13．答案　researching 解析　考查非谓语动词。research与其逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，填researching。‎ ‎14．答案　their 解析　考查代词。用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，所以填their。‎ ‎15．答案　difficulties 解析　考查名词单复数。many修饰可数名词的复数形式，所以填difficulties。‎ ‎16．答案　to 解析　考查固定短语。adapt oneself to使自己适应，是固定短语，所以填to。‎ ‎17．答案　to develop 解析　考查不定式。这里it是形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语，所以填to develop。‎ ‎18．答案　than 解析　考查语义理解。此外，对于一个“第三文化”的孩子来说，搬到一个其他国家比回到他们的祖国更容易。这里表示比较，所以填than。‎ ‎19．答案　where 解析　考查定语从句。______ she was born是一个定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。‎ ‎20．答案　or 解析　考查连词。她不知道任何关于当前的电视节目或者流行趋势。表示“或者”，所以填or。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎1‎ A moon cake is a Chinese bakery product traditional eaten during the Mid-Autumn Festival，when is one of the four most important Chinese festivals.The festival is for lunar appreciation and moon watching.Meanwhile moon cakes are regarded as the necessary part.Moon cakes are offered between friends or on family gatherings，and today it is customary for people present moon cakes to others as presents.This helps to fuel a demand in high-end moon cakes.Due to China’s influence，moon cakes and the Mid-Autumn Festival is also enjoyed and celebrated in some Asian country beyond China.Moon cakes have also been appeared in the Western world as a form of taste food.‎ 答案　‎ A moon cake is a Chinese bakery product eaten during the Mid-Autumn Festival， is one of the four most important Chinese festivals.The festival is for lunar appreciation and moon watching.Meanwhile moon cakes are regarded as necessary part.Moon cakes are offered between friends or on family gatherings， today it is customary for people present moon cakes to others as presents.This helps to fuel a demand high-end moon cakes.Due to China’s influence，moon cakes and the Mid-Autumn Festival also enjoyed and celebrated in some Asian beyond China.Moon cakes have also been appeared in the Western world as a form of food.‎ ‎2‎ I’m writing to tell you that a great time we had at the Sour Grapes concert last weekend.It’s great pity that you didn’t come.The concert，which took place in the football stadium for the three time，was so exciting and lasted for two and a half hours.There were about 80,000 peoples there.While we were waiting to get in，and the band arrived by car.Taking a close look for them made us feel so happily.I’ll send you some photos taking by my classmate Alex.By the way，the Sour Grapes would give a big concert in the same place next month.Perhaps you can see him then.‎ 答案　‎ I’m writing to tell you a great time we had at the Sour Grapes concert last weekend.It’s great pity that you didn’t come.The concert，which took place in the football stadium for the time，was so exciting and lasted for two and a half hours.There were about 80,000 there.While we were waiting to get in，and the band arrived by car.Taking a close look them made us feel so .I’ll send you some photos by my classmate Alex.By the way，the Sour Grapes give a big concert in the same place next month.Perhaps you can see then.‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 The Best Bikes for the Beginners When it comes to purchasing your first bike，the choice is endless，making it tough to know what to go for.Here are the best buys on the market right now.‎ ‎1．Boardman CX Comp This is a cross-country bike，and it’s so multifunctional that you can handle any terrain(地势) on it ，making it a great choice for those wanting to try various cycling subjects.If you leave on the thick tires it comes with，it can ride on various paths and can even handle some less demanding mountain bike routes.Alternatively，put on thin，smooth tires and treat it as a road bike.It has a basket and comes with Shimano Sora gears(变速器)，which are outstanding for its price.‎ ‎￡650，Halfords ‎2．Planet X RT-58 v2‎ Planet X is based in Yorkshire，which means you’d probably have to buy this bike without seeing it.But it’s worth it，because this is an excellent machine at a lower price，Planet X is a highly rated manufacturer and this model comes with Shimano Sora gearing.‎ ‎￡585，Planet X ‎3．Specialized Allez E5‎ Specialized is one of the biggest and most popular brands in cycling，and this is its hugely popular primary road bike.It comes with solid components from front to back and you’ll look great out on the road.‎ ‎￡75，Evans Cycles ‎4．Boardman Road Team Carbon If you can push your budget further still，this bike is worth the extra investment.The frame is made entirely ‎ from carbon，which is lighter，faster and more comfortable than the composition metal models above and gives you an all-round and more enjoyable ride.It also means that if you get really serious about cycling，you don’t have to upgrade as quickly as you would with a cheaper bike.‎ ‎￡800，Halfords ‎21．What is special about Boardman CX Comp?‎ A．Its Shimano Sora gears.‎ B．Its reasonable price.‎ C．Its various functions.‎ D．Its firm tires.‎ 答案　C ‎22．Which one has the lowest price but with Shimano Sora gears?‎ A．Planet X RT-58 v2.‎ B．Specialized Allez E5.‎ C．Boardman CX Comp.‎ D．Boardman Road Team Carbon.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。由Shimano Sora gears可排除B、D两项。由“Boardman CX Comp ￡650，Planet X RT-58 v2 ￡585”可知，Planet X RT-58 v2价格最低，故选A。‎ ‎23．What can we learn about the bikes mentioned in the text?‎ A．Planet X RT-58 v2 has been sold out so far.‎ B．Boardman CX Comp is actually a mountain bike.‎ C．Specialized Allez E5 is designed for senior cyclists.‎ D．Boardman Road Team Carbon is made by special materials.‎ 答案　D Ⅳ.七选五 How to Store Strawberries You’ve scored some beautiful strawberries and brought them home with great care.You’ve washed a few and eaten them immediately，but what to do with the rest？__24__ These simple tips for storing strawberries guarantee the least waste：‎ First things first，don’t wash the strawberries until you’re ready to eat them.Strawberries are ready to absorb water.__25__‎ If you plan on eating or cooking with the berries within a day and it’s not too terribly hot in your kitchen，you can leave the strawberries out at room temperature.Put them in a pretty bowl within easy eyesight so people remember to eat them.‎ ‎__26__ Take a shallow bowl or plate with a clean kitchen towel.Place the unwashed strawberries in more or less a single layer and refrigerate them.Stored this way，very fresh strawberries will keep for several days.The closer you can create this dry and unpressed situation，the better.__27__‎ If you’re not planning on using the strawberries within a few days，you’d better freeze them rather than keep them all fresh.Frozen strawberries are perfect for baking up in cakes，and other treats.__28__ They say frozen strawberries hold their shape better.Besides，whenever you have strawberries about to be not at their best，you can also place them in the freezer.By the end of strawberry season，you’ll likely have enough of them to make jam.‎ A．There are different answers to this question.‎ B．They say frozen ones are to be more easily stored.‎ C．Actually，many bakers prefer frozen berries to fresh ones.‎ D．Again，don’t wash them until you’re going to use them!‎ E．And once they’ve met with water，they are quick to rot away.‎ F．For overnight storage，however，you’d better refrigerate them.‎ G Strawberries can go bad easily，especially when not stored correctly.‎ ‎24．答案　G 解析　根据空前的问题和空后的内容可知，G项介绍草莓易烂的属性，起到过渡作用。‎ ‎25．答案　E 解析　根据本段第一句“First things first，don’t wash the strawberries until you’re ready to eat them.”可知，草莓如果不吃，不要清洗，一旦洗了就容易腐烂。分析选项可知E项符合题意。‎ ‎27．答案　D 解析　根据上一句“The closer you can create this dry and unpressed situation，the better.”可知，存放草莓要保持干燥，故不能洗。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D项。‎ ‎28．答案　C 解析　根据上一句“Frozen strawberries are perfect for baking up in cakes，and other treats.(冷冻草莓非常适合烘烤蛋糕和其他食物。)”及下一句“They say frozen strawberries hold their shape better.(他们说冷冻草莓的形状更好。)”可知，面包师一定喜欢这种冷冻草莓。分析选项可知C项(事实上，与新鲜草莓相比，许多面包师更喜欢冷冻草莓。)符合题意。‎