专题03+连词-2019届高考英语热门考点全攻略

专题03+连词-2019届高考英语热门考点全攻略

命题探究 命题解读 命题规律 题型 ‎2016课标1‎ ‎2016新课标2‎ ‎2015课标1‎ ‎2015课标2‎ ‎2014课标1‎ ‎2014课标2‎ 考法说明 并列连词 短文改错 or→and（改）‎ but→and（改）‎ or→and（改）‎ ‎---‎ or（填）‎ and（填）‎ ‎1.语法填空主要考查根据上下文的逻辑关系判断前后两个分句的关系；2.对于复合句，语法填空主要考查定从、名从、状从的引导词；3.短文改错主要考查并列连词及复合句的引导词的使用。‎ 从属连词 定从 语篇型语法填空、短文改错 when（填）‎ ‎---‎ that/which（填）‎ ‎---‎ that/which（填）‎ 名从 that→where（改）‎ ‎---‎ ‎---‎ how where→that（改）‎ ‎---‎ ‎---‎ 状从 去掉but（改）‎ as（填）‎ ‎---‎ ‎---‎ ‎---‎ ‎---‎ ‎2017 新课标：‎ 全国 1：语法填空：which 短文改错：so—but/yet 全国 2：语法填空：-- 短文改错：that—which ‎2018 新课标：‎ 全国 1：语法填空：-- 短文改错：but—and ‎ 全国 2：语法填空：-- 短文改错：--‎ 考点精讲 一、并列连词 并列连词可以连接属于同一层次的具有相同句法功能的词、短语和句子，常见的并列连词如下：‎ ‎1.and ‎（1）and作并列连词，意为“和，并且”等，当连接三个或三个以上的并列成分时，它放在最后一个成分之前，其余用逗号分开。‎ ‎（2）在go(come, stop)等+and+动词结构中，and+动词相当于to+动词 例：I’ll go and bring back your boots.‎ ‎（3）and+同一动词表示动作长时间地“继续”或“重复”。‎ 例：We waited and waited.‎ ‎（4）“祈使句+and+陈述句”相当于“if从句+主句”‎ 例：Work hard and you will succeed. (=If you work hard, you will succeed.)‎ ‎2.when也可以作并列连词，意为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time，常用语下列句式：‎ ‎（1）be doing sth when...‎ ‎（2）be about to do when...‎ ‎（3）had just done when...‎ ‎3.表示对比、转折关系的并列连词有but, while, yet, whereas等。‎ ‎【注意】① 英语中不能说“though/although...but...”，二者只能选择其中一个使用，但是but可以换成yet或still。② 在口语中，拒绝别人的提议或请求，并给出自己的理由可以用but。‎ ‎4.so和for都表示原因，用法模式为：“原因+so+结果”；“结果+for+原因” ‎ ‎【注意】英语表达中，because和so不能连用，二者只能选择一个。‎ ‎5.or ‎（1）可以连接两个相同成分（选择疑问句或选择句）‎ ‎（2）在否定句中否定并列成分，用or不用and ‎（3）“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构的or意为“否则”，相当于if not条件句 例：Put your coat, or you’ll catch a cold. (=If you don’t put on your coat, you’ll catch a cold.)‎ ‎6. 其他常见并列连词还有not only...but also（注意倒装）；not...but...（不是...而是...），either...or..., neither...nor..., both...and...‎ 二、句子结构基本组成 ‎1. 主语 + 谓语：I like.‎ ‎2. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语：I like you.‎ ‎3. 主语 + 谓语 + 间宾 + 直宾：I give you an apple.‎ ‎4. 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补：I make you happy. / I see you crossing the road.‎ ‎5. 主语 + 系动词 + 表语：I am a teacher.‎ ‎ ‎ 专项精练 一、单句填空 ‎1. They are usually very cheap______some are even free.‎ ‎2. Be careful ______ you’ll make fewer mistakes.‎ ‎3. It was really very dangerous. One more step, ______ the baby would have fallen into the well.‎ ‎4. The first part of Utopia was filled with anger _______the last part expressed love and joy.‎ ‎5. The horseman helped him onto his home. He took the old man not only across the river, ______to his home.‎ ‎6. Tom is really good at science ________his brother is a natural artist.‎ ‎7. At school, some students are active, ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.‎ ‎8. Hotels fill up fast during the busy tourist season, __________it is necessary for tourists to make reservations in advance.‎ ‎9. The coach shouted to the footballers, “Look around __________ you’ll miss the goal.”‎ ‎10. Don’t turn off the computer before closing all the programs, _____ you’ll have problems.‎ ‎11. In some schools when it rains and it’s too wet to play football______hockey, children will have to do cross-country running instead.‎ ‎【答案解析]‎ 1. and，前后两句是并列关系，故填入表示并列关系的连词and 2. and，考察祈使句+and/or+陈述句的结构，由于祈使句是条件，陈述句是结果，二者是顺承关系，故填入and 3. and，考察祈使句+and/or+陈述句的结构，由于祈使句是条件，陈述句是结果，二者是顺承关系，故填入and 1. while/but，前后句是对比关系，关键词是first和last，是前后对比，故可以填入while或but表示转折对比。 ‎ 一、 七选五*1‎ Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it’s easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight.‎ Schedule yearly exams. __36___ Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful cheek. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.‎ Protect against UV rays. Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the reason is, it’s extremely important to wear sunglasses. ___37___‎ Give your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. __38_ Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.‎ ‎__39___ As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help protect eyesight a promote eye health.‎ Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses. Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. __40__ Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.‎ A. Eat your greens B. Eye care should begin early in life C. They can properly protect your eyes.‎ D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins E. Parents usually don’t care about their own eyesight F. Always follow the doctor’s advice for appropriate wear G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.‎ ‎【答案解析】拥有健康的视力是每个人关心的事情，这篇文章介绍了五个建议可以让我们终身享有健康的视力。‎ 小题2:考查句意理解和上下文串联。根据上文的句子：No matter what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses.不管什么季节，戴太阳镜都是非常重要的，可知：它们可以适当的保护你的眼睛，所以答案是C。‎ 小题3:考查句意理解和上下文串联。根据上文的句子：Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.三分之二的美国人每天花7个小时使用电脑和其他数字产品，可知：这个频繁的视力活动会增加眼睛疲劳的危险，所以答案是G。‎ 小题4:考查句意理解和上下文串联。根据下文的句子：As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day.作为健康饮食，每天要多吃蔬菜和水果，可知：多吃绿色的食品，所以答案是A。‎ 小题5:考查句意理解和上下文串联。根据上文的句子：While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.有人听从佩戴隐形眼镜的医学建议，而有人忽视了这些规定让他们的视力有危险，可知：佩戴眼镜要听从医生的建议，所以答案是F。‎