河南省名校联盟2021届高三10月质量检测英语试题 Word版含解析

河南省名校联盟2021届高三10月质量检测英语试题 Word版含解析

2020-2021 学年高三 10 月质量检测 英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A.￡19. 15. B.￡9. 18. C.￡9. 15． 1. How does the woman feel about cloning? A. Amazed. B. Worried. C. Disappointed. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. A couple. C. Friends. 3. What is the speakers’ expectation? A. Quitting smoking. B. Doing cigarette business. C. Banning cigarette production. 4. What do we know about the teacher from the man？ A. He is a very learned teacher. B. He wastes much time in class. C. He discusses with students often. 5. When will the weather become hotter？ A. In February. B. In March. C. In April. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. How does the man like the TV show? A. Interesting. B. Boring. C. Frightening. 7. What did the woman do last night? A. She went to see a friend. B. She handled an accident. C. She visited Mike’s home. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a store. B. On a plane. C. At an airport. 9. How much will the man pay at last? A. $220. B. $476. C. $515. 10. What is the man doing? A. Examining a patient. B. Looking into a case. C. Interviewing an applicant. 11. Why did the woman go to the bank? A. To pay a bill. B. To meet his son. C. To exchange money. 12. What did the woman remember about the driver? A. He was an old man with thick lips. B. He was bleeding in the accident. C. He attended to her all the time. 13. What is the man going to do for his holiday? A. Go boating. B. Go for a picnic. C. Go to the seashore. 14. Why does the man suggest the woman watching the whales? A. Whales are near the coast. B. The weather is perfect. C. The time is suitable. 15. What does the man tell the woman to do before watching whales? A. Buy a ship. B. Book in advance. C. Practise swimming. 16. Why is the woman worried about whale watching? A. It is a bit risky. B. It is a little costly. C. It is very demanding. 17. How far is it from Gulou to the center of Beijing? A. 5 kilometers. B. 9 kilometers. C. 22 kilometers. 18. What is Om Buffalo doing in Beijing? A. Learning something. B. Touring around. C. Running a firm. 19. What is Josh Ong’s recommendation for long distance trips in Beijing? A. Driving a car. B. Taking a taxi. C. Going by underground. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. What to eat in Beijing. B. How to live well in Beijing. C. When to travel in Beijing. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A An Online Event Depending on advanced theory and brand new results from powerful telescopes, Mack explores possible finals for the universe and what they’d look like. If you’re interested in all of this, you’re welcome to Mack’s inspiring lecture, after which there’ll be a question and answer session. Early bird tickets offer ￡12 discount before October 6. Your ticket includes: ● Live lecture lasting 60 minutes including Q & A with Katie Mack ● Access to a recording of the talk so that you can watch it over again with the next 12 months ● Additional content from New Scientist magazine About the speaker: Katie Mack is known for her humorous comments and for making science accessible. She has over 350,000 followers including JK Rowling on Twitter. Throughout her career as a researcher, Mack has studied dark matter, black holes, and the formation of the first galaxies. Her new book The End of Everything is a great exploration of the destruction of the universe. Event information: This online event will start at 1:00 pm on Thursday, October 13. Booking information: Tickets can’t change to any other New Scientist event. Refund(退票) can only be done if New Scientist cancels this event. Neither New Scientist nor its parent company will be responsible for any additional expenses caused by ticket holders in relation to the event. Tickets are available ahead of time through Eventbrite. 1. What will the lecture be mainly about? A. The future of the universe. B. The history of the universe. C. The formation of the universe. D. The characteristics of the universe. 2. What will ticket holders be allowed to do? A. Refund if they are not available. B. Discuss with the speaker in time. C. Obtain a free CD about the lecture. D. Win some New Scientist magazines. 3. What is a fact about Katie Mack according to the text? A. She is famous for writing science fiction. B. She has made great achievements in physics. C. She is one of the most popular scientists online. D. She has drawn many approved conclusions on space. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一场关于宇宙的未来的网上讲座的相关信息。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Depending on advanced theory and brand new results from powerful telescopes, Mack explores possible finals for the universe and what they’d look like.（依靠先进的 理论和强大望远镜的全新成果，Mack 探索了宇宙可能的最终结果以及它们的样子。）”可知， 报告内容是关于宇宙的未来。故选 A。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“If you’re interested in all this，you’re welcome to Mack’s inspiring lecture, after which there’ll be a question and answer session.（如果您对这一切感兴趣，欢迎您 参加 Mack 的鼓舞人心的讲座，之后将有一个问答环节。）”和 Your ticket includes:中“● Live lecture lasting 60 minutes including Q & A with Katie Mack(直播讲座持续60分钟，包括与Katie Mack 的问答)”可知，持票者可与演讲者即时在线讨论问题。故选 B。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据 About the speaker:中“Katie Mack is known for her humorous comments and for making science accessible. She has over350,000 followers including JK Rowling on Twitter. （ Katie Mack 以其幽默的评论和让科学变得容易理解而闻名。她在 Twitter 上有超过 35 万 的粉丝，包括 JK 罗琳。）”可推断，她是网上最受欢迎的科学家之一。故选 C。 B I met David in Oslo in December of 2011, in the awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize, which was given jointly that year to Liberian President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Leymah Gboweeand and Tawakkol Karman of Yemen for “their non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for women’s rights”. I was accompanying Johnson Sirleaf as her long-time advisor. David was the special representative for the Financial Times for the Middle East and Africa. Soon we became good friends and partners in many projects.David and I shared a solicitude for Africa,where he found inspiration on the continent when he first visited in the early 1990s—“so much hope and potential,” he would tell me. He chose to travel light. In that way, there would be no limit when he suddenly decided to take a field trip to a village in Sierra Leone to arrange for seven children to travel to France for surgery. Then David introduced me to his mother, Janet, a Holocaust (大屠杀) survivor, from Nowy Targ, Poland.Janet admired his son so much. But I knew well that the pride David created for her came with a self-added burden—to make worthy her suffering and sacrifice. This was because my grandmother, Manja Pakter Kroner,was a survivor of Berlin Holocaust, and I too lived to make her proud. In 2014, after two dozen publishers had turned down my book, David agreed to take it on, with his one-man publishing house, Kiwai Media, and his good friend, play writer John Strand, as my editor. The book, Choosing the Hero: My Improbable Journey and the Rise of Africa’s First Woman President was released in May 2016 and earned high praise. In 2019, David moved back to his native New Jersey, where he passed away while shooting baskets with his eldest son. We lost him much too soon, but I take comfort in knowing that his spirit will last forever. 4. Which has the closest meaning to the underlined word “solicitude” in paragraph 2? A. Concern. B. Talent. C. Comment. D. Expectation. 5. What does the author have in common with David? A. They liked travelling around the world. B. They tried to make their families proud. C. They were famous writers in their time. D. They contributed much to women’s rights. 6. What do we know about the book “Choosing the Hero”? A. It won the Nobel Literature Prize. B. It gained publishers’ welcome. C. It was really highly spoken of. D. It was published easily at first. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. A Precious Gift to the World B. A Significant Life Journey C. A Remarkable Book Review D. A Respectable Close Friend 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者和已故好友 David 相识相知的过程以及 David 对自 己的帮助和影响，抒发了作者对好友的怀念之情。 【4 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“David and I shared solicitude for Africa, where he found inspiration on the continent when he first visited in the early 1990s—‘so much hope and potential,’ he would tell me.(David 和我分享了对非洲的 solicitude，当他在 20 世纪 90 年代初第一次访问非洲时， 他在非洲大陆找到了灵感——“如此多的希望和潜力，”他会告诉我。)”以及“he suddenly decided to take a field trip to a village in Sierra Leone to arrange for seven children to travel to France for surgery.( 他突然决定到塞拉利昂的一个村庄进行实地考察，以便安排七个孩子到 法国做手术)”可推断，David 和作者分享了对非洲的关注，Concern 最接近划线词 solicitude 的意思。故选 A。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Janet admired his son so much. But I knew well that the pride David created for her came with a self-added burden—to make worthy her suffering and sacrifice. This was because my grandmother, Manja Pakter Kroner, was a survivor of Berlin Holocaust, and I too lived to make her proud.( 珍妮特非常钦佩他的儿子。但我很清楚，大卫为她创造的骄傲带着 一种自我增加的负担——为了让她的痛苦和牺牲值得。这是因为我的祖母，Manja Pakter Kroner，是柏林大屠杀的幸存者，我活着也让她感到骄傲。)”可知，作者和 David 都努力让 他们的家人感到骄傲。故选 B。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The book, Choosing the Hero: My Improbable Journey and the Rise of Africa’s First Woman President was released in May 2016 and earned high praise.( “这本书， Choosing the Hero：My Improbable Journey and the Rise of Africa’s First Woman President 于 2016 年 5 月发布，并赢得了高度赞扬。)”可知，Choosing the Hero 这本书受到了高度评价。 故选 C。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了作者和已故好友 David 相识相知的过程以及 David 对自己的帮助和影响，抒发了作者对好友的怀念之情。故 D 选项 Respectable Close Friend（一位受人尊敬的亲密的朋友）是本文的最佳标题。故选 D。 C The rise of the machines was always going to come at a cost, as each wave of technology destroys what has been put in place. The fast pace of technological development in the areas of artificial intelligence (AI) and robots is causing massive changes in the finance industry. The effect is already being felt on Wall Street, where there have been far-reaching and significant changes. Many investment banks and big institutions, in order to cut cost and meanwhile increase the amount of work, use AI to take on financial tasks usually done by humans, such as wealth management, operations, risk management and trading, where robots carry out between 50% to 60% market trades, according to CNN. The preference for technology over human traders results from the inability of the vast majority of traders to act consistently reasonably when trading. Often, people fail to control themselves, allowing emotions to get in the way of their thoughts and actions. Machines don’t suffer from these psychological issues when a major trading decision is being made. This is because they remove emotion from short-term trading activity, allowing for a more objective approach to trading. Artificial intelligence and robotics is fast advancing into the investment sector, where its unbelievable ability to learn and think will eventually make them the most advanced and complex investment systems capable of helping corporations to make more effective choices. Activities such as calculations based on structured data and other repetitive support tasks are well-suited for robots. While AI is probably the most powerful technology today, its ability to perform complex tasks is limited. Trading machines can only learn historical data and trade patterns. However, stock market behavior changes all the time and computers can be less skilled in the face of unexpected market performance. Humans can easily adjust themselves to these changes. Getting the robots to do the same, however, will require changing their algorithms (算法), which can be too expensive and time-consuming. For this reason, humans will always be a step ahead and remain relevant. 8. Why do many institutions use AI to replace human employees? A. To show a preference for new techs. B. To promote working productivity. C. To expand the application of AL D. To increase the safety of work. 9. What advantage do machines have over humans? A. They are hardly disturbed by moods. B. They can make subjective decisions. C. They are far more loyal to their jobs. D. They never do any wrong tradings. 10. What are robots most good at? A. Investing in stock market. B. Performing a complex task. C. Adapting to new surroundings. D. Handling fixed data and patterns. 11. What will happen in the future according to the last paragraph? A. There will be an obvious rise in skilled workers. B. AI can create all-around profits at a little cost. C. Humans still have a place in the job market. D. Robots shall substitute man at high speed. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。机器人的出现确实让部分行业的从业人员付出了失业的代价，尤其是金 融行业。但是机器人真的能够完全替代人类的工作吗？ 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Many investment banks and big institutions, in order to cut cost and meanwhile increase the amount of work, use Al to take on financial tasks usually done by humans, （许多投资银行和大型机构为了削减成本，同时增加工作量，利用 Al 来承担通常由人类完 成的金融任务）”可知，许多机构使用人工智能来取代人类员工，这样做是为了提高工作效 率。故选 B。 【9 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Often, people fail to control themselves, allowing emotions to get in the way of their thoughts and actions. Machines don’t suffer from these psychological issues when major trading decision is being made.（人们常常无法控制自己，任由情绪影响自己的思想和行 动。在进行重大交易决策时，机器不会受到这些心理问题的困扰。）”可推断，机器几乎不会 受到情绪的影响。故选 A。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Activities such as calculations based on structured data and other repetitive support tasks are well-suited for robots.（诸如基于结构化数据的计算和其他重复性支 持任务等活动非常适合于机器人。）”可知，机器人最擅长处理固定的数据和模式。故选 D。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Getting the robots to do the same, however, will require changing their algorithms (算法), which can be too expensive and time-consuming. For this reason, humans will always be step ahead and remain relevant.（然而，让机器人做同样的事情，将需要改变它 们的算法，这可能太昂贵和费时。因为这个原因，人类将永远领先并保持相关。）”可推断， 人类在工作市场上仍有一席之地。故选 C。 D Hollywood is going green again. The Academy of Motion Pictures announced on Jan. 7 that food served at Oscar events will be almost entirely plant-based. Both the annual lunch for Oscar winners and the finger food served before the actual ceremony on Feb. 9 will be 100% plant-based. Reuters also reports that “the menu for the Governors’ Ball, a great event held immediately after the Oscar ceremony, will be 70% plant-based and 30%, fish and meat.” Additionally, drinks in plastic containers will no longer be served at any Oscar events. The Academy explained in a statement that, “For the past seven years, the Oscars show has had a low carbon mark. We continue to expand our sustainability plan (可持续发展计划) with the final goal of becoming carbon-free.” Lorenzo Soria, president of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, said he wasn’t sure how the vegan (严格的素食主义的) menu would be received but was “pleasantly surprised” by the attention it produced. Though many questioned if long-time vegan and actor Joaquin Phoenix played a key role in the push to vegan, Soria says the change was supported by multiple actors in the industry. The British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) issued (发布) their guests a set of fashion guidelines this year, along with their own plant-based menu and eco-friendly travel tips. Sadly, this attempt wasn’t successful. “It was a strange disconnect,” journalist Hannah Marriott writes. “Perhaps BAFTA issued the advice too late for the celebrities to come on board?” If you consider fashion production, shipping and use is responsible for around 10% of the world’s annual carbon emissions, this was more than a missed moment. Hopefully, both the entertainment industry and celebrities themselves will continue to use their global platform for good in the coming years-whether it’s food, fashion or flights. 12. What is special about Hollywood’s going green this time? A. It is mainly focused on food. B. It is globally supported. C. It aims to consume no meat. D. It encourages healthy drinks. 13. What can we know about going green according to the Academy of Motion Pictures? A. It has made changes to human life. B. It is a new trend in the Oscars show. C. It has been taking place in Hollywood. D. It is so urgent in the entertainment industry. 14. How do entertainers respond to going green judging from Lorenzo Soria’s words? A. Most of them keep going on vegan diets. B. All of them don’t support the vegan menu. C. Few of them doubt Joaquin Phoenix’s efforts. D. Many of them join in pushing people to vegan. 15. What can we infer about the going green attempt of BAFTA? A. It requires more improved advertising methods. B. It is a goal most celebrities are eager to realize. C. It is a concept deeply rooted in people’s minds. D. It suffers difficulties when carried out this time. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。好莱坞正在再次走向绿色。美国电影学院 1 月 7 日宣布，奥斯卡颁奖典 礼上的食物将几乎全部以植物为基础。虽然并非所有演员都支持素食主义，但大部分演员愿 意利用他们的国际影响力来传递这个环保行为。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“The Academy of Motion Pictures announced on Jan. 7 that food served at Oscar events will be almost entirely plant-based.(美国电影学院 1 月 7 日宣布，奥斯卡 颁奖礼上提供的食物几乎全部是植物性的)”和第二段第一句“Additionally, drinks in plastic containers will no longer be served at any Oscar events.(此外，任何奥斯卡活动都不会再有装在 塑料包装里的饮料)”可知，这一次他们的环保行为主要集中在食品上。故选 A 项。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段首句“Hollywood is going green again.(好莱坞再次环保)”和第二段 中“The Academy explained in a statement that, “For the past seven years, the Oscars show has had a low carbon mark. We continue to expand our sustainability plan (可持续发展计划) with the final goal of becoming carbon-free.” (美国电影学院在一份声明中说“在过去的七年中，奥斯 卡颁奖礼一直都是低碳的。我们将继续扩大我们的可持续发展计划，最终目标是成为无 碳。”)”可知，好莱坞一直都在进行环保行动。故选 C 项。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Though many questioned if long-time vegan and actor Joaquin Phoenix played key role in the push to vegan, Soria says the change was supported by multiple actors in the industry.(尽管许多人质疑长期素食主义者和演员 Joaquin Phoenix 在推动素食主 义的过程中扮演了关键角色，但他说这个改变受到了业界很多演员的支持)”可推知，并非 所有艺人都支持吃素。故选 B 项。 【15 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 第 四 段 中 “Sadly, this attempt wasn’t successful. “It was a strange disconnect,” journalist Hannah Marriott writes. “Perhaps BAFTA issued the advice too late for the celebrities to come on board?”(遗憾的是，这次尝试没有成功。“这是一种奇怪的脱节，”记者 Hannah Marriott 写道。“也许英国电影和电视艺术学院奖的建议太迟了，明星们来不及接 受？”)”可知，BAFTA(英国电影和电视艺术学院奖)的尝试是失败的，并非所有艺人都支 持环保。由此可推断，本次环保尝试在实施过程中遭遇了困难。故选 D 项。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 Nowadays with so much news available, many people consume media in an automatic, unconscious state-similar to knowing you drove home but not being able to recall the trip. ____16____. These tips can help you become wiser news consumers. Seek out your own news Like most people, you probably get a fair amount of your news from social media. You should change that. Their goal is to maximize the time you spend on their sites and apps, getting advertising income. That means instead of presenting you with the most important news of the day, social media feed you what will hold your attention. ____17____. These organizations actually produce news, usually in the spirit of serving the public interest. Use basic mathematics Untrustworthy news often use some data to make unreal statements. ____18____. For example, a widely spread rumour (谣言) falsely declared 10,150 Americans were killed by illegal immigrants in 2019. On the surface, it’s hard to know whether it is true, but one way to start is to think about finding out how many total murders there were in the US in 2019. ____19____ Humans are biased(倾向性的) to believe what’s in front of their eyes. Video content is considered more trustworthy-even though some videos can be very misleading. ____20____. Seeing and hearing should not necessarily be believing. Treat video content with just as much doubt as news text, checking any facts with news from a trusted source. A. Watch out for biases B. Believe video content C. You’ll see a more complete range of information D. Think carefully about how you determine something is true E. Simple mathematical calculations can help you better spot false data F. Therefore, regularly visit trusted news apps and news websites directly G. However, you can develop habits to control your news intake more consciously 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. E 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了明智获取新闻三种方法。 【16 题详解】 上一句提到“如今人们可以接触到大量的新闻，许多人在一种自动的、无意识的状态下消费 媒体——就像你知道自己开车回家，但却想不起旅行的经过一样。”下一句提到“这些措施 能帮助你成为更明智的新闻消费者。”前后句意相反，所以空格处应为转折句，起到承上启 下的作用，G 选项“但是，你可以培养自己更有意识地控制接受信息的习惯。”切题，故选 G 项。 【17 题详解】 后文提到“These organizations actually produce news…”，译为“这些组织实际上会生产新 闻…”，所以这些组织是提供新闻的，由指示代词 these 可知，在这些组织在前文中就已提 到，所以空格处应提到这些真正提供新闻的组织，且在空格之前提到很多社交媒体并不真正 提供当天最重要的信息，而是吸引你的注意力从而达到打广告的目的，空格前后句意相反， 所以空格处应有转折词，F 项“因此，你应该直接访问值得信任的新闻软件和网站。”切题， 故选 F 项。 【18 题详解】 根据小标题“Use basic mathematics”可知，E 项“简单的数学计算可以帮助你更好地识别错 误的数据。”切题，故选 E 项。 【19 题详解】 根据第一句“Humans are biased (倾向性的) to believe what’s in front of their eyes.”可知，本 段主题与 bias（偏见）有关，所以 A 项“注意偏见”切题，故选 A 项。 【20 题详解】 根据后文“Seeing and hearing should not necessarily be believing. Treat video content with just as much doubt as news text, checking any facts with news from a trusted source.”可知，这部分 是在讲即使是视频信息也要报以足够的怀疑，对来自受信任来源的信息也要检查，这是讲如 何确定得到的信息是真实的，所以 D 项“仔细想想如何确定某件事是真实的”切题，故选 D。 【点睛】对于一些七选五的小题，根据空格前后的名词、动词等对应选项中相同、相近或相 反的词语就可以选出答案，例如第三题中小标题中的“mathematics”对应 E 项中的 “mathematical”，故选 E 项。再例如第四题中第一句中的“biased”对应选项 A 中的 biases， 故选 A。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。 I was packing lunch for my two children. It was so early in the day that it was still ____21____ outside. It drove me crazy because I lacked ____22____. Being a single mom, I needed all the shut-eye I could get. So why was I adding this ____23____ to my life? It’s all because of a family____24____. I remember my grandmother telling me how she____25____ leftovers (剩菜) for my grandfather’s lunch. He always ____26____ to come home starving. ____27____, after much questioning, he admitted he had been ____28____ half his lunch to a coworker. From then on, my grandmother always sent extra. My mom didn’t have ____29____ to pack lunches for five kids in school, so we ate _____30_____ food. Once, I broke school rules, _____31_____, Mom decided to pack my lunch to school, which consisted of _____32_____ a hamburger and a cookie for several days. But by Friday, I found in my lunchbox my _____33_____ egg salad sandwich and a giant jellyroll (卷筒 蛋糕) with a note on top-Just in case you want to _____34_____. I was in _____35_____as I offered slice after slice to my friends. As I went on packing lunch, I thought about the _____36_____ it took for my grandparents to share what little food they had. And my mother _____37_____ to do the same. Even today, Thanksgiving day at her home always includes at least two guests who are _____38_____. Either leaves with a bag of leftovers and several dollars. Although our budget was _____39_____ and unable for extras, by sharing the little we had, I was carrying on a tradition, a lesson of kindness I could _____40_____ to my own kids! 21. A. dark B. bright C. stormy D. normal 22. A. money B. sleep C. confidence D. honour 23. A. stress B. hope C. identity D. sweet 24. A. gathering B. conflict C. tradition D. business 25. A. bought B. prepared C. searched D. packed 26. A. pretended B. seemed C. intended D. happened 27. A. Eventually B. Generally C. Strangely D. Naturally 28. A. breaking up B. paying off C. calling for D. giving away 29. A. privilege B. problem C. courage D. time 30. A. bakery B. stand C. canteen D. cafe 31. A. Even so B. What is more C. If necessary D. As a result 32. A. partly B. merely C. slightly D. hardly 33. A. alternative B. ordinary C. favorite D. expensive 34. A. abandon B. bargain C. share D. return 35. A. heaven B. tension C. curiosity D. trouble 36. A. appreciation B. responsibility C. sacrifice D. intelligence 37. A. refused B. continued C. afforded D. failed 38. A. ambitious B. homeless C. punctual D. speechless 39. A. tight B. abundant C. compulsory D. independent 40. A. make use of B. take on C. get hold of D. pass on 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. B 39. A 40. D 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家三代人在他们的家庭预算非常紧张的状况下，仍然 分享自己的有限食物给别人的故事。作者认为这是一种善良的传承。 【21 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天还很早，外面天还很黑。A. dark 黑暗的；B. bright 明亮的； C. stormy 暴风雨的；D. normal 正常的。根据空前“It was so early in the day”和常识可知， 因为很早，所以外面天黑的。故选 A。 【22 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这使我发疯，因为我缺乏睡眠。A. money 钱；B. sleep 睡觉；C. confidence 自信；D. honour 荣誉。一大早起来为孩子们打包午餐都快要让“我”疯了，因为 “我”缺乏睡眠（sleep）。故选 B。 【23 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为什么我要给我的生活增加压力？A. stress 压力；B. hope 希望； C. identity 身份；D. sweet 甜食。根据前文描述，作者要早起给孩子准备午餐，由此作者缺 少睡眠，所以作者压力很大。故选 A。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这都是因为一个家族传统。A. gathering 聚会；B. conflict 冲突； C. tradition 传统；D. business 生意。根据最后一段“I was carrying on a tradition”可知，这是 一个家族传统。故选 C。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得我的祖母曾告诉我她是怎么把剩菜打包给祖父做午饭的。 A. bought 买；B. prepared 准备；C. searched 寻找；D. packed 打包。根据空后“ leftovers (剩 菜) for my grandfather’s lunch.”和常识可知，因为是剩菜，所以此处表示把剩菜打包给祖父当 作午饭。故选 D。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他似乎总是饿着肚子回家。A. pretended 假装；B. seemed 好像； C. intended 打算；D. happened 发生。根据后文“he admitted he had been 8 half his lunch to a coworker.”可知，因为祖父把食物给同事吃了，所以他似乎总是饿着肚子回家。 故选 B。 【27 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意： 最后，经过一番盘问，他承认自己把一半的午餐送给了一个同 事。A. Eventually 最终；B. Generally 通常；C. Strangely 奇怪地；D. Naturally 自然地。根据 空后“after much questioning”和语境可知，最后祖父告诉了大家自己饿着肚子的原因。故 选 A。 【28 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意： 最后，经过一番盘问，他承认自己把一半的午餐送给了一个同 事。A. breaking up 打破；B. paying off 付清；C. calling for 要求，需要；D. giving away 赠送。 前文提到祖父似乎总是饿着肚子回家，此处需用动词短语 give away，表示祖父把自己把一 半的午餐送给了一个同事。故选 D。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈没时间为学校里的五个孩子准备午餐。A. privilege 特权； B. problem 问题；C. courage 运气；D. time 时间。根据空后“so we ate 10 food. Once, I broke school rules,”可知，作者妈妈没时间为孩子准备午餐，所以孩子们在学校食堂吃饭。 故选 D。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈没时间为学校里的五个孩子准备午餐。A. bakery 面包店； B. stand 摊位；C. canteen 食堂；D. café咖啡馆。前文提到作者妈妈没时间给孩子们准备食物， 所以孩子们在学校食堂吃饭。故选 C。 【31 题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：有一次，我违反了学校的规定，结果，妈妈决定给我打包午餐去 学校，午餐仅仅包含一个汉堡和一块曲奇饼干，并且持续了好几天。A. Even so 即使如此； B. What is more 此外；C. If necessary 如果有必要；D. As a result 结果。根据前文“Once, I broke school rules”可知，因为违背了校规，结果作者妈妈决定给孩子们准备午饭。故选 D。 【32 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我违反了学校的规定，结果，妈妈决定给我打包午餐去 学校，午餐仅仅包含一个汉堡和一块曲奇饼干，并且持续了好几天。A. partly 部分地；B. merely 仅仅，只不过；C. slightly 稍微；D. hardly 几乎不。根据空后“a hamburger and a cookie for several days.”可知，空处需用副词 merely，表示午餐只有一个汉堡和一块曲奇饼干。故 选 B。 【33 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但到了星期五的时候，我在我的午餐盒里发现了我最喜欢的鸡 蛋沙拉三明治和一个巨大的卷筒蛋糕，上面有一张字条——以防你想和别人分享。A. alternative 可供替代的；B. ordinary 普通的；C. favorite 最爱的；D. expensive 昂贵的。根据 空后文“giant jellyroll (卷筒蛋糕)”和语境可知，鸡蛋沙拉三明治和一个巨大的卷筒蛋糕是 作者最爱的食物。故选 C。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但到了星期五的时候，我在我的午餐盒里发现了我最喜欢的鸡蛋 沙拉三明治和一个巨大的卷筒蛋糕，上面有一张字条——以防你想和别人分享。A. abandon 放弃；B. bargain 讨价还价；C. share 分享；D. return 返回。根据空后“I offered slice after slice to my friends.”可知，此处妈妈让作者把食物和大家分享。故选 C。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我把蛋糕一片片地分给朋友们时，我非常开心。A. heaven 天 堂；B. tension 紧张；C. curiosity 好奇；D. trouble 麻烦。“be in heaven”意为“非常开心”， 为固定搭配。故选 A。 【36 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我继续打包午餐的时候，我想起了我的祖父母为了分享他们仅 有的一点食物而做出的牺牲。A. appreciation 感激；B. responsibility 责任；C. sacrifice 牺牲； D. intelligence 智力。根据后文“my grandparents to share what little food they had.”可知，此 处指的是我的祖父母为了分享他们仅有的一点食物而做出的牺牲。故选 C。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈继续这样做。A. refused 拒绝；B. continued 继续；C. afforded 承担得起；D. failed 失败。根据空后“do the same”可知，空处需用动词 continued，表示妈 妈继续分享仅有的一点食物。故选 B。 【38 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：时至今日，在感恩节那天，妈妈家总是至少会有两名无家可归 的客人。A. ambitious 有野心的；B. homeless 无家可归的；C. punctual 准时的；D. speechless (尤指气得或惊讶得)说不出话的。根据后文“Either leaves with a bag of leftovers and several dollars.”可知，此处指的是帮助无家可归的人。故选 B。 【39 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们的预算很紧，无法购买额外的东西，但通过分享我们 仅有的一点，我在继承一个传统，一个我可以传递给我自己孩子的一种善良！A. tight 紧的； B. abundant 大量的；C. compulsory 强制的；D. independent 独立的。根据空后“and unable for extras”可知，此处指作者他们的预算很紧。故选 A。 【40 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然我们的预算很紧，无法购买额外的东西，但通过分享我们仅 有的一点，我在继承一个传统，一个我可以传递给我自己孩子的一种善良！A. make use of 利用；B. take on 呈现；C. get hold of 获得；D. pass on 传递。根据空后“to my own kids!”可 知，此处指把这个传统传递给孩子们。故选 D。 语法填空 China, which ____41____ (recognize) widely as the hometown of tea, gains a big reputation of tea planting, strict tea etiquette (礼节) and unique tea drinking ____42____ (habit). Tea drinking in China has a history of more than 5,000 years, ____43____ (date) back to the Shennong era. Tea ceremony has been into____44____ (exist) since ancient times. It is the ____45____ (early) traditional etiquette of the Han nationality in China to offer tea____46____guests. Until now, a cup of tea is always made for guests when they come. A tea party is not only simple and money-saving, but also elegant and formal. The saying “gentleman’s friendship is as light as water”, ____47____water refers to tea, indicates a kind of deep friendship. The Han people also have various customs of giving tea as a gift. Every summer in ancient Hangzhou, ____48____ capital city of the Southern Song Dynasty, each family cooked a new tea called Qijia tea, ____49____ (primary) together with fine fruits of various colors. Then the tea would be presented to relatives and friends. This custom is putting two green fruits in the tea cup, namely olives or kumquats, ______50______ (show) the meaning of good luck and happiness. 【答案】41. is recognized 42. habits 43. dating 44. existence 45. earliest 46. to 47. where 48. the 49. primarily 50. to show 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国茶文化的一些知识。 【41 题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：中国是世界上公认的茶之乡，在种植茶叶、严格的茶道、独特 的饮茶习惯等方面享有盛誉。which 引导定语从句，指代先行词 China，recognize 与 China 之间是动宾关系，且表达客观事实，此处用所给动词的一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数。 故填 is recognized。 【42 题详解】 考查名词复数。句意同上。habit 意为“习惯”，为可数名词，根据句意，此处指“多种习 惯”，应用其复数。故填 habits。 【43 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国饮茶已有五千多年的历史，追溯到神农时代。分析句子成分可 知，date back to 与 Tea drinking 之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，此处用所给动词的现在分词， 表示主动，作状语。故填 dating。 【44 题详解】 考查名词。句意：茶道自从古代就已经存在。be into existence 意为“出现”，为固定搭配， 此处用其名词形式。故填 existence。 【45 题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：用茶水招待客人是中国汉族最早的传统美德和礼仪。根据句意和 常识可知，此处用所给形容词的最高级。故填 earliest。 【46 题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。offer sth. to sb.意为“给某人提供某物”，为固定搭配。故填 to。 【47 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：俗话说“君子之交淡如水”，在这里水指的是茶，表示一种深厚的友 谊。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词 The saying 为表示抽 象地点的名词，且从句 water refers to tea 中缺乏状语，此处用关系副词 where。故填 where。 【48 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在古杭州的每个夏天，南宋的首都，每个家庭都煮了一种叫做齐家茶的新 茶，最初，加上各种颜色的精细水果。此处用定冠词 the 来表示特指“南宋的首都”。故填 the。 【49 题详解】 考查副词。句意同上。此处用所给形容词的副词修饰介词短语 together with，作状语。故填 primarily。 【50 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个习俗是把两个绿色水果放在茶杯里，即橄榄或金橘，表示好运 和幸福的意义。此处用所给动词的不定式作目的状语。故填 to show。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 I visited the Summer Palace with my friend Jack yesterday. We called a Didi taxi and it wasn’t longer before we arrived. Jack couldn’t wait to take up photos on seeing the wonderfully scenery there. It was then when he realized his camera was gone. He searched everywhere and couldn’t find it. Suddenly it strikes me that he must have left it in the taxi. Therefore, I got in touch the taxi firm at once. Half a hour later, the camera was sending back. All of us appreciated the driver. Jack and I enjoyed ourselves the rest of the day. 【答案】1.longer→long 2.去掉 up 3. wonderfully→ wonderful 4.when→that 5.and→but 6. strikes→struck 7.在 touch 后加 with 8.a→an 9.sending→sent 10. All→Both 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者和 Jack 去颐和园玩耍途中丢失相机，最后又找到相机的故 事。 【详解】1.考查固定句型。句意：我们叫了一辆滴滴出租车，没过多久我们就到了。It wasn’t long before...，没过多久就……，固定句型，此处 long 无需使用比较级形式。故将 longer 改为 long。 2.考查固定搭配。句意：看到那里的美景，杰克迫不及待地拍了下来。take photos 拍照，固 定搭配。故去掉 up。 3.考查形容词。句意同上。此处需用形容词作定语修饰名词 scenery。故将 wonderfully 改为 wonderful。 4.考查强调句型。句意：就在那时，他意识到他的照相机不见了。分析句子结构可知，本句 使用了强调句型：It was+被强调部分+that/who(强调部分指人)+其它，此处被强调部分是时 间状语 then，应用 that。故将 when 改为 that。 5.考查连词。句意：他到处找，但没有找到。根据“他到处找”和“没有找到”可知，此处 前后表示转折关系，所以需用转折连词 but。故将 and 改为 but。 6.考查时态。句意：我突然想到他一定是把它落在出租车上了。根据文章第一句时间状语 yesterday 可知，本文描述的是过去发生的事情，所以本句的谓语动词需用一般过去时。故 将 strikes 改为 struck。 7.考查固定短语。句意：因此，我立即与出租车公司取得了联系。get in touch with…与…… 取得联系，固定短语。故在 touch 后加 with。 8.考查冠词。句意：半小时后，相机被送回。half an hour 半小时，固定搭配，hour 是以元音 音素开头的单词。故将 a 改为 an。 9.考查被动语态。句意同上。因为相机是被送回，所以本句谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动 语态：was done。故将 sending 改为 sent。 10.考查代词。句意：我们俩都很感激那个司机。根据文章第一句可知，此处讲述的是作者 和 Jack 两人的故事，所以此处需用不定代词 both。故将 All 改为 Both。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52. 你所在的学生会打算成立“英语电影爱好者联盟（English Movie Lovers Union）”。请你 代表学生会给外教 Allen 写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 成立联盟的原因； 2. 开展活动的时间、地点和内容； 3. 邀请他加入并指导。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结束语已为你写好。 Dear Allen, _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___ The Students’ Union 【答案】Dear Allen, To help students learn about English culture and arouse their interest in English learning, the Students’ Union intends to set up English Movie Lovers Union. We’ll gather in our school hall every Saturday, when various activities will be organized, such as watching English movies, writing movie reviews, etc. On behalf of the Students’ Union, I’m honored to warmly invite you to join and guide us. I hold the strong belief that your participation will definitely inspire us all to know more about English culture and become more interested in learning and using English and thus work harder at English. We sincerely expect your coming at 6:00 pm this Saturday. Thank you. The Students’ Union 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表学生会给外教 Allen 写封邮件，向他介绍“英语电 影爱好者联盟（English Movie Lovers Union）”的基本情况并邀请他加入。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求：写作内容应包括以下几点：1. 成立联盟的原因；2. 开展活动的时间、地点和内容；3. 邀请他加入并指导。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） learn about; set up; on behalf of; be honored to 第三步：连词成句 1.To help students learn about English culture and arouse their interest in English learning, the Students’ Union intends to set up English Movie Lovers Union. 2.We’ll gather in our school hall every Saturday, when various activities will be organized, such as watching English movies, writing movie reviews, etc. 3.On behalf of the Students’ Union, I’m honored to warmly invite you to join and guide us. 4.I hold the strong belief that your participation will definitely inspire us all to know more about English culture and become more interested in learning and using English and thus work harder at English. 5.We sincerely expect your coming at 6:00 pm this Saturday. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多高级句型，如：We’ll gather in our school hall every Saturday, when various activities will be organized, such as watching English movies, writing movie reviews, etc.这句话运用了 when 引导的时间状语从句；本文也使用了一些固定词组， 如 set up; on behalf of; be honored to 等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭 英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。