湖南省株洲市2020届高三教学质量统一检测（一）英语试题 Word版含解析

湖南省株洲市2020届高三教学质量统一检测（一）英语试题 Word版含解析

湖南省株洲市高三教学质量统一检测（一） 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷 上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例如：How much is the shirt? A. £ 19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是 C。 1. What’s the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 2. Why is the woman anxious? A. She hasn’t finished her essay. B. She hasn’t met her friends for a long time. C. She hasn’t received any offers from universities. 3. Where are the speakers? A. In an airport. B. In a campus. C. In a boo tore. 4. How will the woman go home? A. By bus. B. By car. C. On foot. 5. What is the woman doing now? A. Walking. B. Having dinner. C. Writing an article. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你 将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 请听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. Why is the woman worried? A. Her car doesn’t work. B. She is late for school. C. She is in a traffic jam. 7. Who will pick up the woman’s son? A. Allen. B. Jack. C. Tommy. 请听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. Who is a biologist? A. Jade. B. Jenny, C. Jerry. 9. What does the woman think of the book? A. Amazing. B. Confusing. C. Boring. 请听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What is the woman doing? A. Reserving a room. B. Booking a taxi. C. Asking for flight information. 11. When will the woman be at the exit to Terminal 3? A. At 10:00 pm. B. At 10:15 pm. C. At 10:30 pm. 12. What’s the woman’s phone number? A. 07595 041 371. B. 07596 081 137. C. 07956 041 317. 请听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. Where did the man know Tech-Help? A. On a website. B. On TV. C. In a newspaper. 14. What does the man want to donate? A. An iPad. B. A TV set. C. A tape recorder. 15. When do Tech-Help collect the old electronic equipment? A. Every Wednesday. B. Every Friday. C. Every Sunday. 16. How many schools can get the computers from Tech-Help now? A. 240. B. 160. C. 80. 请听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What was the speaker during the gap year? A. A reporter. B. A photographer. C. A teacher. 18. Where did the speaker meet Mr. He? A. In Yunnan. B. In Guizhou. C. In Hunan. 19. Who cooks lunch for the kids? A. Their teacher. B. Their parents. C. The kids themselves. 20. What does the speaker hope to do in the future? A. Work with Mr. He. B. Donate money to Guizhou. C. Do follow-up interviews. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Shakespeare’s Family Homes The Shakespeare Birthplace Trust has a long and famous tradition of welcoming visiting groups to the Shakespeare Houses, each place with its own fascinating story to tell. Shakespeare’s Birthplace Walk in Shakespeare5s footsteps and explore the house where he was born and grew up. Explore his father’s glove-making workshop and catch our local actors bringing Shakespeare’s works to life. Mary Arden’s Farm Meet the costumed locals as they go about their daily tasks of cooking, tending crops and feeding the rare animals. Explore the farmyard with its centuries-old barns (谷仓) and outbuildings, or see the house where Shakespeare’s mother grew up and visit Palmer’s Farm House, the home of Robert Palmer, a family friend and neighbour. Hall’s Croft Explore the luxurious home of Shakespeare’s daughter Susanna and her wealthy physician husband, Dr. John Hall: Flemish paintings and fine furniture. Relax in the beautiful gardens and breathe in the fragrant herbs as used by Dr. Hall in his treatments. Shakespeare’s New Place Walk in Shakespeare’s footsteps and trace the footprint of his family home for 19 years of his life. Journey next into the Golden Garden, where planting and sculpture celebrate Shakespeare’s influence. Lose yourself in the New Place Exhibition and look into Shakespeare’s world. Learn about the past he played in the housed history, and in the town. Upstairs, dressing up, costume and animation make you completely involved in Shakespeare family life. 1. Where can you enjoy the performances of Shakespeare’s plays? A. In Shakespeare’s Birthplace. B. On Mary Arden’s Farm. C. On Hairs Croft. D. In Shakespeare’s New Place. 2. What is Hall’s Croft famous for? A. The glove-making workshop. B. The Golden Garden. C. The beautiful gardens with herbs. D. The centuries-old barns. 3. What can visitors do in Shakespeare’s Family Homes? A. Visit Palmer’s Farm House on Hall’s Croft. B. Explore the old farmyard in Shakespeare’s Birthplace. C. Enjoy planting celebrating Shakespeare’s influence in Mary Arden’s Farm. D. Experience Shakespeare family life in Shakespeare’s New Place. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 文章介绍了莎士比亚家庭住宅的几部分和每部分的参观内容。 【1 题详解】 A 细节推理题。根据 Shakespeare’s Birthplace 中 catch our local actors bringing Shakespeare’s works to life.可知在这里可以欣赏到莎士比亚剧作的表演，故选 A. 【2 题详解】 C 细节推理题。根据 Hall’s Croft 中 Relax in the beautiful gardens and breathe in the fragrant herbs as used by Dr. Hall in his treatments.可知在 Hall’s Croft 吸引人的是美丽的花园和草药的香味， 故选 C. 【3 题详解】 D 细节推理题。根据 Mary Arden’s Farm 中 see the house where Shakespeare’s mother grew up and visit Palmer’s Farm House,可知 Palmer’s Farm House 的位置，A 错误。根据 Mary Arden’s Farm 中 Explore the farmyard with its centuries-old barns 可知 B 错误。根据 Shakespeare’s New Place 中 Journey next into the Golden Garden, where planting and sculpture celebrate Shakespeare’s influence.可知 C 错误。根据 Shakespeare’s New Place 中 Learn about the past he played in the housed history, and in the town. Upstairs, dressing up, costume and animation make you completely involved in Shakespeare family life.可知 D 正确。故选 D. 【名师点睛】 细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。事实 和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般 包括直接理解题和语义转化题。直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将 题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。 做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下： 1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；文章介绍了莎士比亚家庭住宅的几部分和每 部分的参观内容。 2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如 for example, first, second…等预 测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实； 3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含 细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题 1 根据 Shakespeare’s Birthplace 中 catch our local actors bringing Shakespeare’s works to life.可知在这里可以欣赏到 莎士比亚剧作的表演。小题 2 根据 Hall’s Croft 中 Relax in the beautiful gardens and breathe in the fragrant herbs as used by Dr. Hall in his treatments.可知在 Hall’s Croft 吸引人的是美丽的花 园和草药的香味。小题 3 根据 Mary Arden’s Farm 中 see the house where Shakespeare’s mother grew up and visit Palmer’s Farm House,可知 Palmer’s Farm House 的位置，A 错误。根据 Mary Arden’s Farm 中 Explore the farmyard with its centuries-old barns 可知 B 错误。根据 Shakespeare’s New Place 中 Journey next into the Golden Garden, where planting and sculpture celebrate Shakespeare’s influence.可知 C 错误。根据 Shakespeare’s New Place 中 Learn about the past he played in the housed history, and in the town. Upstairs, dressing up, costume and animation make you completely involved in Shakespeare family life.可知 D 正确。 B I’m learning to drive in Switzerland. I think it will be a good idea to learn now because I have plenty of free time and am earning a little money to pay for lessons. I never learnt when I lived in the UK, so luckily driving on the “wrong” side isn’t a problem. However, there are a lot of rules to remember. When you see a road to your right and there are no white lines on the ground, the cars to your right have the right to go before your car and you have to stop for them. In practice, lots of people forget this and cars either wait for each other while both drivers try to remember what to do, or beep (鸣喇叭) at each other if both try to go at the same time! When you drive round a roundabout, you should check all your mirrors. To remember how to do this, I often count them aloud—one, two, three—then a second glance at your blind spot when you’re in the roundabout. One friend came driving with me and after about an hour asked why on earth I was counting. He had passed his test so long ago, he couldn’t remember ever having to check three mirrors! Driving still seems scary to me so I drive quite slowly. I also don’t know the countryside roads very well and don’t know what’s coming up round the comer or over the next hill. I drive slowly so I feel safe, but my driving instructor tells me to speed up or cars will bump into me from behind or try to overtake somewhere dangerous. So driving slowly is just as dangerous as driving fast! I’m not a very practical person so learning to drive has been a challenge. I don’t have a lot of confidence and find it quite demotivating to do something that doesn’t come naturally to me. To make driving more fun and interesting, I learn in Swiss German, so my instructor gives me instructions in Swiss. This way I’ve tricked myself into enjoying driving and hopefully will pass the test! 4. What can be inferred from the first paragraph? A. It isn’t a proper time for the author to take driving lessons now. B. Driving on the “wrong side” doesn’t influence the author.. C. The author was too poor to pay for driving lessons in Switzerland. D. It is easy for the author to get confused about the driving rules in Switzerland. 5. The author often counts “one, two, three” aloud when driving round a roundabout to ________. A. remind himself to check the mirrors B. speed up C. overtake somewhere dangerous D. make driving more interesting 6. What does the underlined word “demotivating” in Paragraph 5 mean? A. Encouraging. B. Amazing. C. Exciting. D. Discouraging. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. Driving speed. B. Strict driving instructors. C. Anecdotes of my driving experience. D. Complicated driving rules in Switzerland. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 作者在文中讲述了自己在瑞士学开车的原因，走环道和乡间路的技巧，和学习过程中的趣事 和技巧。 【4 题详解】 B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的 I never learnt when I lived in the UK, so luckily driving on the “wrong” side isn’t a problem.可知在英国和瑞士开车的方向不同，但并没有对作者造成影响。 故选 B. 【5 题详解】 A 细节推理题。根据第三段 When you drive round a roundabout, you should check all your mirrors. To remember how to do this, I often count them aloud—one, two, three—then a second glance at your blind spot when you’re in the roundabout.可知走环道时作者经常数数是为了提醒自己看 镜子，故选 A. 【6 题详解】 D 猜测词义题。此处指我没有太多的信心，我觉得做一些对我来说不是很自然的事情是很消极 的。“demotivating”指使变得消极，使失去动力。与 Discouraging 同义，故选 D. 【7 题详解】 C 主旨大意题。作者在文中讲述了自己在瑞士学开车的原因，走环道和乡间路的技巧，和学习 过程中的趣事和技巧。C 项：我的驾驶经历，概括全文，适合作为标题。故选 C. C For the kids who have just started to read, choosing the right books is essential and their parents should be there to help them. A proper book classification system would be of great help in this regard, since most parents do not know which books suit their children’s reading levels the most. An effective classification system for children’s books would help overcome this problem. Chinese bookstores, online or offline, still prefer to use age rather than reading ability to categorize what they sell. In fact, reading ability and interests vary from child to child even when they are at the same age. This early form of classification is accepted by most bookstores and publishers, yet many young readers get books that are nowhere near their targeted reading levels. China has at least 200 million children under the age of 14, and their enthusiasm for reading has increased over the years. The publishers of children’s books should try to introduce a juvenile-centered classification system to help their readers choose books that are suitable for their reading abilities. Some don’t trust the call for more effective book classification, mentioning the need for youngsters to read extensively and avoid restricting themselves to one or two categories. There is a strong case for resisting selective reading, but not book classification, which is designed to help young children develop good reading habits and hold onto them in the long run. Studies have found that kids are less likely to be into reading if they have not developed such a habit before the age of 10. That said, it is in their best interests to adopt targeted reading during childhood, as this can greatly improve their comprehension abilities. So greater efforts should be put into designing a book classification system that meets the needs of young readers. 8. A proper book classification system should ________. A. be on an age basis B. limit readers to one or two categories C. help readers get books suitable for their reading levels D. benefit all the bookstores and publishers 9. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 5 refer to? A. Young children. B. Publishers. C. Reading levels. D. Reading habits. 10. What do we know from Paragraph 5? A. There is a strong case for resisting book classification. B. Everyone doesn’t support a more effective book classification. C. Youngsters should be restricted to a few categories of books. D. Youngsters don’t need to read extensively. 11. What’s the author’s attitude towards the current book classification system? A. Dissatisfied. B. Ambiguous. C. Supportive. D. Unconcerned. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。作者分析了当前书的分类标准，主张建立按阅读水平对书进行分类。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“An effective classification system for children’s books would help overcome this problem.”（一个有儿童书籍的有效分类系统可以帮助克服这个问题），第三段 的 “Chinese bookstores, online or offline, still prefer to use age rather than reading ability to categorize what they sell.”（中国的书店，不管是线上还是线下，仍然偏向用年龄而不是阅 读能力来对所卖书籍进行分类）和第四段的“The publishers of children’s books should try to introduce a juvenile-centered classification system to help their readers choose books that are suitable for their reading abilities.”（儿童书的出版商应尽力引入一个青少年中心的分类系统 来帮助读者找到适合他们阅读能力的书籍）可推知，新的合适的图书分类系统应该按阅读水 平帮助读者找到合适的书籍。故选 C。 【9 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子“There is a strong case for resisting selective reading, but not book classification, which is designed to help young children develop good reading habits and hold onto them in the long run.”（有一个强烈的理由反对选择性阅读，但不是书的分类，分 类是为了帮助幼儿养成良好的阅读习惯，并长期坚持下去）可推知，此处的“them”指代上 文提到的好的阅读习惯。故选 D。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Some don’t trust the call for more effective book classification, mentioning the need for youngsters to read extensively and avoid restricting themselves to one or two categories.”（一些人不相信更有效的书籍分类的要求，主张年轻人需要广泛阅读，避免 把自己限制在一两个类别）可推知，并不是所有人都支持有效的读书分类。故选 B。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“yet many young readers get books that are nowhere near their targeted reading levels.”（然而，许多年轻读者读到的书与他们的目标阅读水平相去甚远）和 第 四 段 的 “The publishers of children’s books should try to introduce a juvenile-centered classification system to help their readers choose books that are suitable for their reading abilities.”（儿童书的出版商应尽力引入一个青少年中心的分类系统来帮助读者找到适合他 们阅读能力的书籍）最后一段“it is in their best interests to adopt targeted reading during childhood, as this can greatly improve their comprehension abilities.”（在儿童时期采取有针对 性的阅读是最符合他们的利益的，因为这可以极大地提高他们的理解能力）可知作者主张要 建立按阅读水平分类的有效读书分类系统。由此推知，作者对当前的分类标准不满意。故选 A。 D It is a question people have been asking for ages. Is there a way to turn back the aging process? For centuries, people have been looking for a “fountain of youth.” The idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink from its waters, you will not age. Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon searched for waters with magical powers in the early 1500s. But what he found instead is the American state of Florida. Researchers in New York did not find an actual fountain of youth, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process. It appears the answer may be hidden right between your eyes, in an area called the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is part of your brain. It controls important activities within the body. Cai Dongsheng, a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, found that hypothalamus stem cells influence how fast aging takes place in the body as well. He also reported that when the hypothalamus starts aging, so does the body. “So when hypothalamus function is in decline, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, and this protection against the aging development is lost, it eventually leads to aging.” Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate (激活) or energize the hypothalamus in laboratory mice. They did this by injecting (注射) the animals with stem cells. Later, the researchers examined tissues and tested for changes in behavior. They looked for changes in the strength of the animals’ muscles. They also studied the social behavior and cognitive (认知) ability of the mice. The researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals. Cai says injecting middle-aged mice with stem cells from younger mice helped the older animals live longer. These findings could lead to new ways to help doctors identify and treat any number of health issues concerning aging problems. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? This is the question Cai and his team are thinking about. 12. What did Juan Ponce de Leon find? A. The American state of Florida. B. Magical powers. C. A Fountain of youth. D. A way to stop the aging process. 13. What do we know about the hypothalamus? A. It is located in the eyes. B. It starts aging due to the increase of its stem cells. C. It plays a key role in controlling the aging process. D. It functions well when the body starts aging. 14. What did the researchers do during the experiment? A. They strengthened the muscles of the mice. B. They examined tissues and tested the behaviour of mice. C. They injected the stem cells into the younger mice. D. They changed the social behavior and cognitive ability of the mice. 15. What would the researchers probably do next? A. Inject stem cells of mice into humans. B. Research on the cognitive psychology. C. Help the mice live longer. D. See if anti-aging effects also work in human beings. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 文章介绍了科学家们正通过实验研究延缓衰老的因素和方法。 【12 题详解】 A 细节推理题。根据第二段 Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon searched for waters with magical powers in the early 1500s. But what he found instead is the American state of Florida. 可知 Juan Ponce de Leon 没有找到不老泉，而是找到了美国的佛罗里达州。故选 A. 【13 题详解】 C 细节推理题。根据第四段 hypothalamus stem cells influence how fast aging takes place in the body as well. He also reported that when the hypothalamus starts aging, so does the body.可知下 丘脑干细胞会影响衰老在体内的速度。当下丘脑开始老化时，身体也开始老化。故选 C. 【14 题详解】 B 细节推理题。根据第六段 They did this by injecting (注射) the animals with stem cells. Later, the researchers examined tissues and tested for changes in behavior.可知研究人员给实验小白鼠注 射动物干细胞，然后检查老鼠的组织并测试它们行为的变化。故选 B. 【15 题详解】 D 推理判断题。根据最后一段 If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? This is the question Cai and his team are thinking about.可知研究人员想知道如果老鼠能 活得更久，这是否意味着人们可以长寿?所以下一步应该是研究抗衰老的效果是否适用于人 类。故选 D. 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 Rise and shine! Morning time just became your new best friend. Love it or hate it, using the morning hours before work may be the key to a successful and healthy lifestyle. ___16___ In addition, the health benefits for those with a life before work go on and on. Let us explore 4 of the things successful people do before 8 am. Exercise. Most people that work out daily, work out in the morning. Exercising before work gives you an increase of energy for the day and a sense of accomplishment .Even if you aren’t bright eyed and bushy tailed at the thought of a 5 am jog, try waking up 15 minutes early for a quick bedside set of pushups or stretching. ___17___ Map Out Your Day. Maximize your potential by mapping out your schedule for the day, as well as your goals and to dos. The morning is a good time for this as it is often one of the only quiet times a person gets throughout the day. The early hours foster easier reflection that helps when prioritizing (优先) your activities. ___18___ Visualize your day. ___19___ The morning is the perfect time to spend some quiet time inside your mind planning or visualizing. Take a moment to visualize your day ahead of you, focusing on the successes you will have. Even just a minute of visualization and positive thinking can help improve your mood and outlook on your work load for the day. ___20___ We all have that one item on our to do list that we fear. It troubles you all day (or week) until you finally do it after much procrastination (拖延). Instead of anticipating the unpleasantness of it from first coffee through your lunch break, do that least desirable task on your list first. The morning is the time when you are generally more well rested and your energy level is up. Therefore, you are more well equipped to handle more difficult projects. Look at it this way, and your day will get progressively easier, not the other way around. By the time your work day is ending, you’re winding down with easier to dos and heading into your free time more relaxed. Success! A. Connect socially, B. Make Your Day Top Heavy. C. It’ll help wake up your body, and prepare you for your day. D. While scheduling, don’t forget about your physical health. E. Morning people have been found to be more active and more productive. F. They also allow for uninterrupted problem solving when trying to fit everything into your timetable. G. These days we talk about our physical health endlessly, but sometimes our mental health gets overlooked. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. F 19. G 20. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。作者讲述了早上时间的重要性和成功人士在早上 8 点之前做的 4 件事。 【16 题详解】 根据上文“Love it or hate it, using the morning hours before work may be the key to a successful and healthy lifestyle.” 不管你喜欢还是讨厌，在上班前利用早晨的 时间可能是成功和健康生活方式的关键。选项承接上文继续说明早起的重要性。故 E 项“人 们发现早起的人更活跃、更有效率。” successful and healthy lifestyle 对应 be more active and more productive。故选 E。 【17 题详解】 根据上文“Exercising before work gives you an increase of energy for the day and a sense of accomplishment .” 上班前锻炼可以增加你一天的精力和成就感。所以本段讲早起锻炼的好 处，C 项“它会唤醒你的身体，为你的一天做好准备”。也是早起锻炼的好处。选 C。 【18 题详解】 根据上文“The early hours foster easier reflection that helps when prioritizing your activities.” 早起可以让你更容易地思考，这有助于你确定活动的优先顺序。本段讲早上合理安排你的日 程安排和目标计划的好处。故 F 项“当你试图把所有事情都安排在你的时间表上时，他们 也允许你不间断地解决问题。”切题。故选 F。 【19 题详解】 根据“The morning is the perfect time to spend some quiet time inside your mind planning or visualizing.”本段讲想象你的一天，早晨是在你的头脑里计划或想象的最好的时间。提醒我 们在重视身体健康的同时注重心理健康，符合本段内容，故 G 选项“这些天我们无休止地谈 论我们的身体健康，但有时我们的心理健康却被忽视了”切题。故选 G。 【20 题详解】 根据本段中“Instead of anticipating the unpleasantness of it from first coffee through your lunch break, do that least desirable task on your list first. The morning is the time when you are generally more well rested and your energy level is up.” 可知，与其从第一次喝咖啡到午休时就预料到不愉快，不如先做清单上最不想做的事情。早 晨是你休息得更充分、精力更充沛的时候。所以本段的标题为“先做最难做的事情”。故选 B. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was traveling by train from Perth to Central one morning. Quietly sitting there reading, I found myself suddenly listening to the train guard’s ___21___. As I looked up from my paper, I noticed other passengers, ___22___ absorbed in their smart phones, also appeared to be listening. Why did they ___23___ this message so much? As best I can recall, the guard said something along the ___24___, “Good Morning, everyone! This is the 7:35 a.m. train from Perth to Central and we are right on time. It is really a ___25___ morning in Sydney today! The sun is shining, birds are ___26___, and all’s right with the world. I trust you have a great day wherever you’re going. Thanks for ___27___ my train and I hope to see you again soon. Have a great day.” Everyone started smiling, even the ___28___ talking to one another, all about the guard’s ___29___ and how good it made everyone feel. I was thinking about this and as I exited the train, I ___30___ the Guard’s cabin to thank him, only to be told he had just finished his ___31___ and was on his way home. Then I ___32___ down the stairs. At the bottom, I finally ___33___ the young guard. “Are you the guard on the 7:35 train from Perth?” “Oh, oh, yes, yes.” replied the guard, a bit ___34___ at first. “Well, I just want to thank you for your message. It is so upbeat and pleasant. Thank you for giving us such a good ___35___ to the day. Please ___36___ doing it.” When people are happy in their ___37___, it shows in what they do and say, which will make a ___38___ to each other. Can you imagine the conversation that guard would have at table when he ___39___ home, “Guess what happened to me today—a customer actually ___40___ me!” 21. A. announcement B. explanation C. appreciation D. arrangement 22. A. confidently B. deliberately C. anxiously D. previously 23. A. object to B. pay attention to C. get across D. give out 24. A. rows B. texts C. lines D. passages 25. A. busy B. violent C. free D. lovely 26. A. falling B. singing C. trembling D. hiding 27. A. leaving B. decorating C. taking D. cleaning 28. A. friends B. cleaners C. acquaintances D. strangers 29. A. message B. instruction C. requirement D. warning 30. A. watched B. approached C. ignored D. escaped 31. A. shift B. speech C. advertisement D. vocation 32. A. went B. fell C. raced D. broke 33. A. missed B. caught C. mistook D. avoided 34. A. honored B. relaxed C. moved D. shocked 35. A. arrangement B. conclusion C. start D. excuse 36. A. keep B. remember C. imagine D. risk 37. A. lecture B. work C. challenge D. traveling 38. A. conversation B. promise C. difference D. compromise 39. A. got B. left C. missed D. drove 40. A. followed B. frightened C. embarrassed D. thanked 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. C 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D 【解析】 作者讲述了一次坐火车的经历，列车员快乐阳光的广播给乘客们带来了好心情。作者对列车 员表示了感谢。 【21 题详解】 A 考查名词。A. announcement 公告，广播；B. explanation 解释；C. appreciation 欣赏；D. arrangement 安排。根据下文“Good Morning, everyone! This is the 7:35 a.m. train from Perth to Central and we are right on time.和 Thanks for ___7___ my train and I hope to see you again soon. Have a great day.”可知是列车员的广播，故选 A. 【22 题详解】 D 考查副词。A. confidently 自信地；B. deliberately 故意地 ；C. anxiously 焦急地；D. previously 以前，先前。根据 also appeared to be listening.可知以前看报纸和看手机的人都停下来开始听 列车员广播，故选 D. 【23 题详解】 B 考查动词短语。A. object to 反对；B. pay attention to 注意；C. get across 通过；D. give out 发 出。此处指作者表示疑问，为什么这些乘客对列车员广播的信息如此注意。指注意收听，故 选 B. 【24 题详解】 C 考查名词。A. rows 行；B. texts 课文；C. lines 线；D. passages 短文。along the lines “沿线”， 此处指列车员沿线的广播，故选 C. 【25 题详解】 D 考查形容词。A. busy 忙碌的；B. violent 暴力的；C. free 自由的；D. lovely 令人愉快的。根 据广播中的 The sun is shining, birds are ___6___, and all’s right with the world.可知这一天是令 人愉快的，故选 D. 【26 题详解】 B 考查动词。A. falling 下降；B. singing 唱歌；C. trembling 颤抖；D. hiding 隐藏。此处指鸟儿 在歌唱，故选 B. 【27 题详解】 C 考查动词。A. leaving 离开；B. decorating 装饰；C. taking 乘坐；D. cleaning 清洁。列车员表 示感谢乘坐这次列车，故选 C. 【28 题详解】 D 考查名词。A. friends 朋友；B. cleaners 清洁工；C. acquaintances 熟人；D. strangers 陌生人。 听完广播之后每个人开始微笑，甚至陌生人也开始互相交谈。故选 D. 【29 题详解】 A 考查名词。A. message 消息；B. instruction 指示；C. requirement 要求；D. warning 警告。根 据文中 Why did they __3___ this message so much?和 I just want to thank you for your message. 提到的 message，可知此处指列车员的广播信息，故选 A. 【30 题详解】 B 考查动词。A. watched 观察；B. approached 上前，接近；C. ignored 忽略；D. escaped 逃离。 此处指我下车时走近广播室去感谢广播员，故选 B. 【31 题详解】 A 考查名词。A. shift 轮班；B. speech 演讲；C. advertisement 广告；D. vocation 职业。此处指 别人告诉我广播员已经完成了轮班回家了，指下班了，故选 A. 【32 题详解】 C 考查动词。A. went 去；B. fell 掉下；C. raced 急走，跑；D. broke 打破。此处指我听完后赶 紧跑下楼梯去追广播员，故选 C. 【33 题详解】 B 考查动词。A. missed 错过；B. caught 追上，赶上；C. mistook 弄错；D. avoided 避免。我最 后追上了那个年轻的列车员，故选 B. 【34 题详解】 D 考查形容词。A. honored 受尊敬的；B. relaxed 放松的；C. moved 感动的；D. shocked 震惊的。 因为列车员并不认识我，所以我问他问题时他有点震惊。故选 D. 【35 题详解】 C 考查名词。A. arrangement 安排；B. conclusion 结论；C. start 开始；D. excuse 借口。我感谢 列车员给了我一天中好的开始，故选 C. 【36 题详解】 A 考查动词。A. keep 保持；B. remember 记得；C. imagine 想象；D. risk 冒险。keep doing “一 直做某事”，作者希望列车员一直坚持下去。故选 A. 【37 题详解】 B 考查名词。A. lecture 演讲；B. work 工作；C. challenge 挑战；D. traveling 旅游。当人们在他 们的工作中快乐时，呼应前面列车员的工作。故选 B. 【38 题详解】 C 考查名词。A. conversation 会话；B. promise 允诺；C. difference 差异；D. compromise 妥协。 此处指一个人的快乐会在他的言行中显示出来，对别人造成影响。make a difference “有影响， 有关系”，故选 C. 【39 题详解】 A 考查动词。A. got 到达；B. left 离开；C. missed 错过；D. drove 驾驶。此处是想象列车员到 家后坐在桌边的谈话，表示到达，故选 A. 【40 题详解】 D 考查动词。A. followed 跟着；B. frightened 害怕；C. embarrassed 尴尬；D. thanked 感谢。此 处指列车员说今天一个顾客竟然感谢了他，根据上文 I just want to thank you for your message. 和 Thank you for giving us such a good ___15___ to the day.可知作者对他的感谢，故选 D. 【名师点睛】 完形填空题的命题特点及答题方法： 1.侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力 完形填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近 义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。 2.上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力 做完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落 的关系。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时 要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。小题 5 考查形容词。A. busy 忙碌 的；B. violent 暴力的；C. free 自由的；D. lovely 令人愉快的。根据广播中的 The sun is shining, birds are ___6___, and all’s right with the world.可知这一天是令人愉快的，故选 D. 小题 9 考 查名词。A. message 消息；B. instruction 指示；C. requirement 要求；D. warning 警告。根据 文中 Why did they __3___ this message so much?和 I just want to thank you for your message.提 到的 message，可知此处指列车员的广播信息，故选 A.小题 20 考查动词。A. followed 跟着； B. frightened 害怕；C. embarrassed 尴尬；D. thanked 感谢。此处指列车员说今天一个顾客竟 然感谢了他，根据上文 I just want to thank you for your message.和 Thank you for giving us such a good ___15___ to the day.可知作者对他的感谢，故选 D. 3.设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力 旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。 如小题 2 考查副词。A. confidently 自信地；B. deliberately 故意地 ；C. anxiously 焦急地；D. previously 以前，先前。根据 also appeared to be listening.可知以前看报纸和看手机的人都停 下来开始听列车员广播，故选 D. 小题 10 考查动词。A. watched 观察；B. approached 上前， 接近；C. ignored 忽略；D. escaped 逃离。此处指我下车时走近广播室去感谢广播员，故选 B. 4.结合生活，考查学生利用常识题的能力 目的考查学生的生活常识，看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰 当的选择。如小题1考查名词。A. announcement公告，广播；B. explanation解释；C. appreciation 欣赏；D. arrangement 安排。根据下文“Good Morning, everyone! This is the 7:35 a.m. train from Perth to Central and we are right on time.和 Thanks for ___7___ my train and I hope to see you again soon. Have a great day.”可知是列车员的广播，故选 A.小题 14 考查形容词。A. honored 受尊敬的；B. relaxed 放松的；C. moved 感动的；D. shocked 震惊的。因为列车员并不认识 我，所以我问他问题时他有点震惊。故选 D. 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1_5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Located in a natural depression in Guizhou, China’s Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope, ___41___ (know) as FAST, has identified six pulsars (脉冲星) after one year of trial operation. It is the first time Chinese scientists have discovered pulsars using a radio telescope independently developed by Chinese scientists, thus ___42___ (open) a “new era of Chinese original space discovery.” It is truly encouraging for China to have achieved such results in just one year. Since the first pulsar ___43___ (discover), over 2,700 pulsars have been identified. But almost all of them are ___44___ the scope of the Milky Way. Being the world’s largest radio telescope, FAST is expected to capture pulsars outside the galaxy. Apart from the massive size, it also has unmatched accuracy and sensitivity, allowing scientists ___45___ (find) previously hidden stars. Moreover, FAST is capable of surveying the night sky for multiple ___46___ (science) data at once, ___47___ enables astronomers to jump-start many science goals. Its innovative engineering concept and design pave ___48___ new road to realize a huge single dish in the most effective way. China’s FAST science impact on astronomy will be extraordinary, and has the potential to revolutionize other ___49___ (area) of the natural sciences. It ___50___ (remain) the global leader for the next 10 to 20 years. 【答案】41. known 42. opening 43. was discovered 44. in/ within 45. to find 46. scientific 47. which 48. a 49. areas 50. will remain 【解析】 文章报道了中国科学家第一次使用自主研发的射电望远镜发现确定了六颗脉冲星。 【41 题详解】 known 考查过去分词。句中主语 Spherical Radio Telescope 和动词 know 是被动关系用过去分词，此 处是过去分词作定语，故填 known. 【42 题详解】 opening 考查非谓语动词。此处 thus 指代这是中国科学家第一次使用由中国科学家自主研发的射电 望远镜发现脉冲星。这一发现和动词 open 是主动关系，此处作状语用动词-ing 形式，指这 一发现开创了中国原创空间探索的新时代，故填 opening. 【43 题详解】 was discovered 考查被动语态。句中主语 the first pulsar 和动词 discover 是被动关系，动作发生在过去，指 第一个脉冲星被发现，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填 was discovered. 【44 题详解】 in/ within 考查介词。此处指几乎所有的脉冲星都在银河系的范围内，表示在…内，故填 in/ within. 【45 题详解】 to find 考查动词不定式。表示“允许某人做某事”用 allow sb.to do sth.后面用不定式，故填 to find. 【46 题详解】 scientific 考查形容词。此处修饰名词 data 用形容词，指科学的数据，故填 scientific. 【47 题详解】 which 考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，用关系代词 which 引导，指代前面整个句子，故 填 which 【48 题详解】 a 考查冠词。句中 road 是单数可数名词，此处指其创新的工程理念和设计铺设了一条新路， 表示数量一，故填 a. 【49 题详解】 areas 考查名词。句中 area 是可数名词，由 other 修饰用复数形式，指其他领域。故填 areas. 【50 题详解】 will remain 考查动词时态。根据句中时间状语 the next 10 to 20 years 可知用一般将来时，表示在未来 10 到 20 年将保持全球领袖地位。故填 will remain. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 Dear Chris, I learn that some people laugh at me for being overweight. Don’t be so worried about your figure. I know a group calling HOOP from the Internet, which is established to be the voice of the overweight persons. It made up of a group of friendly and supportive people, all understanding the struggle of being overweight. So you will not feel lonely when you exercise. There are a plenty of activities and trainer who don’t push you to do what you dislike. With their support and encourage it’s easy for you to leave your comfort zone and try something new. I would high recommend HOOP to you. Whether it’s to complete a personal challenge and start a healthier lifestyle, HOOP can really help you become the best version of you. Although you keep exercising, your figure will be good than before. Best wishes! Yours, Vivian 【 答 案 】 【解析】 作者讲述了加入 HOOP 组织锻炼减肥的经历和收获。 1.me→you.考查代词。此处是给朋友 Chris 的信，别人嘲笑 Chris 因为他胖。指代 Chris 用 you, 故 me→you. 2. calling →called.考查非谓语动词。句中 a group 和动词 call 是被动关系用过去分词表被动， 指这个团队被叫做 HOOP.故 calling →called. 3.it 后加 is/was.考查动词。此处指 HOOP 由一群友好支持的人组成，此处表被动，be made up of“由…组成”，故 it 后加 is/was. 4.去掉 a.考查固定短语。plenty of “许多，大量”是固定短语，前面不加冠词 a，故去掉 a. 5. trainer →trainers.考查名词。根据 There are 和 plenty of 可知都表示复数，名词也用复数。 故 trainer →trainers. 6. encourage →encouragement.考查名词。由 their 修饰，和 and 前的 support 并列用名词，故 encourage →encouragement. 7. high →highly.考查副词。此处修饰动词 recommend用副词，表示强力推荐，故 high →highly. 8. and →or.考查连词。此处指是要完成个人挑战还是开始一个更健康的生活方式， Whether …or…表示“是…还是…”，故 and →or. 9. Although →Once/If/When.考查连词。此处指一旦/如果/当你不断地锻炼时，你的体形会比 以前好许多。不是“尽管”应该用“一旦/如果/当…时”，故 Although →Once/If/When. 10.good→better.考查形容词最高级。根据句中 than before 可知是含有比较的意思，指比以前 更好，所以用比较级。故 good→better. 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52. 假定你是李华，2018 年 1 月 10 日是你校的开放日，届时所有课堂将对外开放。请你给 你校美籍教师 Wendy 写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1. 开放日的时间和总结会的地点（学校会议室）； 2. Wendy 上一堂体现核心素养（core competences）培养的口语课； 3. 在总结会上 Wendy 谈谈在本次活动中的收获。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________ ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Version 1 Dear Wendy, I’m glad to tell you that our school will organize an open day for teaching, when all the classes will be open for visitors to observe. In a gesture to help you make full preparations in advance, I’d like to inform you of the details of the arrangement. The open day is set on 10 January 2018 with a meeting to summarize the event as the ending in the conference room. You are expected to give us an oral English class which centers around how to develop students’ core competences. On top of that, every teacher is advised to share what they obtain from this activity and you are no exception. I hope that everything will go smoothly and wish you happy every day. Y ours, L i Hua Version 2 Dear Wendy, How are you! I am writing to tell you something about the open day of our school on January 10, 2018. All the classes will be open to visitors from different schools and a meeting will be held for visitors and teachers to communicate in the school lecture hall at the end of the day. You are expected to give an oral lesson on core competences. At the same time, we hope you can share what you learn with us during the communication. I would really appreciate it if you can join us in the activity. If you have any questions or difficulty, please get in touch with me. Y ours, L ihua 【解析】 写作背景：2018 年 1 月 10 日是李华学校的开放日，届时所有课堂将对外开放。请给你校美 籍教师 Wendy 写一封电子邮件介绍这天的活动。写作时以第一人称和第三人称为主，因为 1 月 10 日还未到所以用一般将来时来写。内容包括：1. 开放日的时间和总结会的地点（学 校会议室）；2. Wendy 上一堂体现核心素养（core competences）培养的口语课；3. 在总结会 上 Wendy 谈谈在本次活动中的收获。 写作时要语言准确，要点全面，条理清楚。还要注意高级词汇和句型的运用来增加文章的亮 点，如宾语从句 that our school will organize an open day for teaching. what they obtain from this activity.和 that everything will go smoothly 定语从句 when all the classes will be open for visitors to observe.和 which centers around how to develop students’ core competences. I would really appreciate it 句型。词语 make full preparations ,in advance, At the same time, get in touch with 等。