山东省潍坊高密市2020届高三模拟英语试卷一 Word版含解析

山东省潍坊高密市2020届高三模拟英语试卷一 Word版含解析

- 1 - 高三英语试题(一) （试卷满分：120 分） 第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A National Park Association of Queensland Activities Vegetation Management Group Saturday 14th March 2020 Location: Jolly’ s Lookout carpark, D’Aguilar National Park Leader: Angus McElnea (0429854446 or gus mcelnea@hotmail.com) Get your hands dirty! Come and spend a couple of hours to help with lantana(a type of flowering plant) control and revegetation(植被再造) work in the Boombana and Jolly’s Lookout areas of D’Aguilar National Park, west of Brisbane. Wynnum North Boardwalk Sunday 15th March 2020 Location: Wynnum North Boardwalk Leader: Jocelyn Dixon (0733788486) Fee: $5(members) $10(non-members) Join with us to view the water and bush birds of this area. A track from Wynnum North Road leads to a secret place for viewing a diverse mix of birds walking around in water. From there we will take a short walk to the Mangrove Boardwalk. May Long Weekend Camp Saturday 2nd May to Monday 4th May 2020 Leader: Tony Parsons (0433224544) Join us for a long weekend in Border Rangers National Park, camping at Sheep Station Creek campground. Spend the days exploring the national park, and evenings around the campfire. We will have the chance to view Mt Warning from the Pinnacle at sunrise and sunset. Bring your family and stay for the weekend or come down for a day. It will be enjoyable. Central West Qld National Parks Saturday 29th August to Sunday 6th September 2020 Leader: Wendy Bell(0733002473) Exciting opportunity to visit and explore at least six national parks in the comfort of a big coach - 2 - and be accommodated, rather than camping. Basic cost of the tour is $3, 400 per person. Total cost includes all transport, all meals, and activity fees. 1. Who will you call if you are interested in bird-watching? A. Angus McElnea. B. Jocelyn Dixon. C. Tony Parsons. D. Wendy Bell. 2. In which of the activities will a fire be built? A. May Long Weekend Camp. B. Wynnum North Boardwalk. C. Vegetation Management Group. D. Central West Qld National Parks. 3. How is Central West Qld National Parks different from the other activities? A. It is a weekend activity. B. Lots of walking is involved. C. The organizer provides the transport. D. Visitors have to bring their own food. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了昆士兰国家公园协会组织的四个活动项目。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章 Wynnum North Boardwalk 部分内容“Join with us to view the water and bush birds of this area.( 加入我们来看看这个地区的水和灌木鸟。)” 可知如果要观鸟的话应该 参加此活动。根据该部分提供信息“Leader: Jocelyn Dixon (0733788486)”可知，需要联系 Jocelyn Dixon。故选 B 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章 May Long Weekend Camp 部分内容“Spend the days exploring the national park, and evenings around the campfire.( 白天探索国家公园，晚上围着篝火。)”可知， 参加该项目会有篝火活动。故选 A 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章 Central West Qld National Parks 部分内容“Exciting opportunity to visit and explore at least six national parks in the comfort of a big coach and be accommodated, rather than camping.( 令人兴奋的机会，坐在舒适的大巴车里参观和探索至少六个国家公园以及提供 住宿，而不是露营。)”可知，该项目不同于其他项目的地方在于提供交通工具。故选 C 项。 - 3 - B George Nakashima always insisted that he was a simple woodworker, not an artist. Even though major museums exhibited his works and the director of the American Craft Museum called him a national treasure, Mr Nakashima rejected the label of artist. For almost fifty years he simply went on shaping wood into beautiful chairs, tables, and cabinets. Nakashima had a clear goal. He intended each piece of furniture he made to be as perfect as possible. Even making a box was an act of creation, because it produced an object that had never existed before. Initially Nakashima used local wood, sometimes from his own property. Later, he traveled to seek out English oak, Persian walnut, African zebra wood and Indian teak. He especially liked to find giant roots that had been dug out of the ground after a tree was taken down. Nakashima felt that making this wood into furniture was a way of allowing the tree to live again. Most furniture makers prefer perfect boards, but Nakashima took pleasure in using wood with interesting knots (节疤)and cracks. These irregularities gave the wood personality and showed that the tree had lived a happy life. He never failed to create an object that was both useful and beautiful. One early piece Nakashima designed was a three-legged chair for his small daughter Mira, to use when she sat at the table for meals. The Mira chair became so popular that Nakashima later made both low and high versions. Another famous piece, the Conoid chair, has two legs supported by bladelike feet. Always, Nakashima's designs were precise and graceful, marked by a simplicity that revealed his love for the wood. As the years passed, Nakashima's reputation grew and his work received many awards. His children Mira and Kevin, now adults, joined the team of crafts - people in their father's studio. Nakashima's dream of integrating work and family had come true. 4. Which of the following best describes Nakashima? A. Generous and outgoing. B. Honest and simple. C. Capable and friendly. D. Creative and modest. 5. Why was Nakashima called a national treasure? A. His art work made trees live again. B. He used precious wood materials. C. His chairs were beautifully designed. - 4 - D He was devoted to making furniture. 6. What can we learn about Nakashima from the last two paragraphs? A. He loved his work and family. B. He made chairs of the same style. C. He sought for a simple life and art. D. He was lost in researching the wood. 7. What can be inferred about Mira and Kevin? A. They had an art studio of their own. B. They still lacked the ability to create art works. C. They had a common interest with their father. D. They enjoyed the same reputation with their father. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C 【解析】 这是一篇人物传记。短文介绍了木工兼艺术家的 George Nakashima 以 及 他 设 计 的 作 品 的 相 关 信 息。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Mr Nakashima rejected the label of artist.”可知，Nakashima 他 拒 绝 艺 术 家 的 称 号。由 此 判 断 出，他 很 谦 虚 。根 据 第 二 段“Even making a box was an act of creation, because it produced an object that had never existed before. ”可知，甚至制 作一个盒子也是一种创造行为，因为它制造了一个以前从未存在过的物体。由此判断出，他 很有创造性。故选 D 项。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Nakashima felt that making this wood into furniture was a way of allowing the tree to live again.”可知，Nakashima 认为，将这种木材制成家具，是让这棵树重获 生机的一种方式。所以为什么 Nakashima 被称为国宝是因为他的艺术作品使树木树重获生机。 故选 A 项。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“One early piece Nakashima designed was a three-legged chair for his small daughter, Mira, to use when she sat at the table for meals. Always, Nakashima's designs were precise and graceful, marked by a simplicity that revealed his love for the wood. Nakashima 早 - 5 - 期设计的一件作品是为他的小女儿米拉设计的一张三条腿的椅子，供她坐在桌边用餐时使用。 一直以来，Nakashima 的设计都是精确而优雅的，以一种简单的方式表现出他对木材的热爱。 根据最后一段“Nakashima's dream of integrating work and family had come true. Nakashima 将工 作和家庭融为一体的梦想实现了。由此判断出，他爱他的工作和家人。故选 A 项。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“His children Mira and Kevin, now adults, joined the team of crafts - people in their father's studio.”可知，他的两个孩子米拉和凯文，现在已经长大成人，加入了手 工艺团队——他们父亲工作室。由此判断出，米拉和凯文和父亲有共同的兴趣。故选 C 项。 C Playing tennis regularly could help keep people off death, but football, rugby and running may not help people to live longer, a study suggests. A study followed more than 80,000 people for an average of nine years to find out if certain sports protected them against early death. It found that people who played racket sports regularly were the least likely to die over the study period, reducing their individual risk by 47 percent compared with people who did no exercise. Swimmers also reduced their chance of death by 28 percent, aerobics (有氧运动) fans by 27 percent and cyclists by 15 percent. Yet running appeared to have no impact at all on dying early, and neither did playing football or rugby. Scientists say the difference may lie in the social aspect which goes alongside sports like tennis and squash (壁球), which often involve clubs and organized activities outside of the game. It means that people often have larger social net-works and tend to keep up activities into later life, both of which are proven to be good for health. In contrast, people who play team sports often do not move onto a new sport once their teams break up for family, or injury reasons. They become watchers rather than participants in their chosen activity. The researchers found that playing racket sports was associated with a 56 percent lower risk from heart death. Similarly, swimmers lowered their heart disease or stroke risk by 41 percent, and people who took part in activities like aerobics, dance or gymnastics lowered their risk by 36 percent. But again running, football and rugby had no significant impact on heart deaths. However, other experts argue that this study must not be misinterpreted as showing that running - 6 - and football do not protect against heart disease. In this study both runners and footballers had a lower rate of death from heart disease. 8. Which sport has hardly any impact on protecting people against early death? A. Cycling. B. Swimming. C. Rugby. D. Tennis. 9. According to the study, which makes a big difference in keeping healthy? A. Playing basketball with their friends occasionally. B. Watching football games every day. C. Taking up gymnastics and joining a club. D. Doing running in the park every day. 10. What is considered more important to people's health? A. Social networks. B. Staying at home. C. Physical examinations. D. Setting up families. 11. What is the main idea of the text? A. Thousands of people participated in a 9-year research. B. Study finds playing tennis helps people live longer. C. It is wrong to say running has no impact on heart disease. D. There are differences between racket sports and team games. 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究表明，经常打网球可以帮助人们避免死亡，但踢 足球、打橄榄球和跑步可能无法帮助人们长寿。文章说明了研究过程，以及研究人员还发现， 从事球拍类运动可使心脏死亡的风险降低 56%，其他专家对此有不同的看法。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 Playing tennis regularly could help keep people off death, but football, rugby and running may not help people to live longer, a study suggests.可知，一项研究表明，经常 打网球可以帮助人们避免死亡，但踢足球、打橄榄球和跑步可能无法帮助人们长寿。由此可 知，橄榄球无法帮助人们长寿。故选 C。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段 Scientists say the difference may lie in the social aspect which goes - 7 - alongside sports like tennis and squash, which often involve clubs and organized activities outside of the game. It means that people often have larger social net-works and tend to keep up activities into later life, both of which are proven to be good for health.可知，科学家们说，区别可能在于社交方 面，它和网球、壁球等运动一样，经常涉及俱乐部和有组织的运动之外的活动。这意味着人 们通常有更大的社交网络，并倾向于在以后的生活中保持活动，这两者都被证明对健康有好 处。对比选项可知，根据这项研究，从事体操并加入一个俱乐部对保持健康有很大的影响。 故选 C。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中 It means that people often have larger social net-works and tend to keep up activities into later life, both of which are proven to be good for health.可知，这意味着人们通常 有更大的社交网络，并倾向于在以后的生活中保持活动，这两者都被证明对健康有好处。由 此可知，社交网络对人们的健康更重要。故选 A。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中 Playing tennis regularly could help keep people off death, but football, rugby and running may not help people to live longer, a study suggests.可知，一项研究表明，经常 打网球可以帮助人们避免死亡，但踢足球、打橄榄球和跑步可能无法帮助人们长寿。结合文 章主要说明了一项研究表明，经常打网球可以帮助人们避免死亡，但踢足球、打橄榄球和跑 步可能无法帮助人们长寿。文章说明了研究过程，以及研究人员还发现，从事球拍类运动可 使心脏死亡的风险降低 56%，其他专家对此有不同的看法。故选 B。 D Instagram（图片分享社交应用程序）is about to take its biggest step toward removing likes from its platform. After months of testing an option to hide likes in select international markets, Instagram, which is owned by Facebook（FB）, has already been testing hiding likes in seven other countries, including Canada, Ireland and Australia. For years, likes have been central to how celebrities, brands, politicians and everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook. It's a way of measuring popularity and success. But in recent months, Instagram has been rethinking how likes contribute to making its platform more toxic. Now it's considering a change. The total number of likes on posts — which appear as hearts on the app ——will disappear from Instagram's main feed, profile pages and permalink（永久链接）pages. The owner of the account can still see their own likes, but their followers won't know the count. - 8 - CNN Business previously spoke with users in countries with the test. The majority felt this move would improve well-being on the app. Instagram is the most detrimental（不利的，有害的） social networking app for young people's mental health, such as negatively impacting body image, according to one study. But other users and psychologists said hiding likes won't fix everything. The test doesn't address some of the key ways that activity on Instagram can impact the well-being of users, including bullying, feeling left out and thinking other people's lives are better than their own. Renee Engeln, a psychology professor at Northwestern University, voiced his opinion that the biggest impact of Instagram is the content and the exposure to this constant stream of perfected images is what seems to hurt psychologically. Plus, users can still see their own likes ——and feel badly if their posts don't perform well. 12. How do users experience Instagram in this passage? A. By giving likes. B. By hiding likes. C. By selecting platforms. D. By showing off talents. 13. The underlined word “toxic” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “ ”. A. profitable B. poisonous C. popular D. positive 14. What can we infer from the passage? A. Instagram has affected youngsters' mental health. B. The account owners won't know the count o£ likes. C Instagram tested hiding likes in seven countries first. D. The majority think Instagram has been a well-being app. 15. What could be the best title of the passage? A. Instagram Misuses Likes B. More People Are Against Likes C. Likes Cause Mental Problems D. Likes will Be Hidden on Instagram 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【分析】 - 9 - 本文为说明文。Instagram 即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上移除“点赞”。因为“点赞” 让平台变得更“有毒”的，几个月来 Instagram 一直尝试在一些国际市场隐藏“点赞”功能。 【12 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 一 段 中 “For years, likes have been central to how celebrities, brands, politicians and everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook.” 多年来，“点赞”一直是名 人、品牌、政客和普通用户体验 Instagram 和 Facebook 的核心。由此可知，体验 Instagram 是 通过点赞的形式，故选 A， 【13 题详解】 猜测词义题。根据划线词的上文“For years, likes have been central to how celebrities, brands, politicians and everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook. It's a way of measuring popularity and success.”多年来，点赞一直是名人、品牌、政客和日常用户体验 Instagram 和 Facebook 的核心重点。点赞是衡量受欢迎程度和成功的一种方法。接着用转折连词 but 引出下 文 “But in recent months, Instagram has been rethinking how likes contribute to making its platform more toxic. ”可知，最近几个月，Instagram 一直在反思“点赞”是如何让自己的平台 变得更“toxic”。But 表示与前文相反的意思。可知，前文叙述“点赞”是一种有用方法，那 “toxic”是与之相反的，不好的。再结合“Instagram is about to take its biggest step toward removing likes from its platform..” Instagram 即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上去除点赞。 可推断出，去除点赞可能是因为它的不好的一面。分析选项 A. profitable 有利可图的；B. poisonous 有毒的；C. popular 受欢迎的；D. positive 积极的。可知 A、C 和 D 都是好的一面， 只有 B 项是不好的。由此推断出“toxic”是有毒的。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The majority felt this move would improve well-being on the app. Instagram is the most detrimental（不利的，有害的）social networking app for young people's mental health, such as negatively impacting body image, according to one study.” 大多数认为此举将提 高 app 的健康。一项研究显示，Instagram 是对年轻人心理健康最有害的社交网络应用，比如 对身体形象产生负面影响。由此可推断出 Instagram 影响了青少年的心理健康。故选 A。 【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。本文第一段叙述了 Instagram 即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上移除“点赞”。 几个月来 Instagram 一直在尝试在一些国际市场隐藏“点赞”功能。因为“点赞”平台变得更 “有毒”的。接着下文具体分析了“点赞”造成的不好的影响，从而正要隐藏“点赞”。文 - 10 - 章分析“点赞”带来的不好的影响，所以要在 Instagram 隐藏“点赞”功能。因此 D 项是最最 佳题目。故选 D。 【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词 语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词 方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结 合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。例如第 2 小题词意猜测题。根据划线词的上 文 “For years, likes have been central to how celebrities, brands, politicians and everyday users experience Instagram and Facebook. It's a way of measuring popularity and success.”多年来，点赞 一直是名人、品牌、政客和日常用户体验 Instagram 和 Facebook 的核心重点。点赞是衡量受欢 迎程度和成功的一种方法。接着用转折连词 but 引出下文 “But in recent months, Instagram has been rethinking how likes contribute to making its platform more toxic. ”可知，最近几个月， Instagram 一直在反思“点赞”是如何让自己的平台变得更“toxic”。But 表示与前文相反的意 思。可知，前文叙述“点赞”是一种有用方法，那“toxic”是与之相反的，不好的。再结合 “Instagram is about to take its biggest step toward removing likes from its platform..” Instagram 即将迈出最大的一步，从它的平台上去除点赞。可推断出，去除点赞可能是因为它的不好的 一面。分析选项 A. profitable 有利可图的；B. poisonous 有毒的；C. popular 受欢迎的；D. positive 积极的。可知 A、C 和 D 都是好的一面，只有 B 项是不好的。由此推断出“toxic”是有毒的。 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 Making other people feel good feels good, and, best of all, it requires little more than a generous heart. Studies show that people feel happier when they do something kind for another person, and both recipients and good deed-doers can get the benefits. It can't be smarter idea to create this World Kindness Day.____16____ Learn a friend's language. You care and take an interest in their experiences. Making someone feel included and respected will feel a greater sense of belonging, an essential component of happiness. ____17____. Reaching out to someone for the first time in a long time can be an instant remedy(治 疗) for whatever trouble you. It's as simple as a text, a note or a Face Time call. Let someone know you're thinking of them, even after some time apart. Studies suggest strong bonds can - 11 - improve physical health, too. Genuinely compliment(赞扬) someone. A respectful comment that comes from the heart about someone's unique hair style, excellent performance in a conceit or their great solution to a problem at work might be all it takes to improve someone's mood. ____18____ Collect trash you see around your neighborhood. Picking up trash and recyclables off the street beautifies your community and benefits the environment. ____19____ The environment can't clean itself, after all! Thank the people in your life.They are the security guard outside of your workplace, the supermarket worker you see every day, your mom. ____20____ Thank people for the things, big and small, that they do that improve your life. Gratitude is priceless. A. Others' positive words could help some people be a bit kinder to themselves, too. B. If your friends are overweight that too ups the odds you'll pack on pounds. C. Open your heart with some small, free ways to make someone's day. D. Without their help, your world might not rim as efficiently. E. It might even inspire others to take up the task with you. F. Reconnect with a friend or family member. G. Have an eye contact with friends. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。为他人做好事时，自己会感到更快乐，受惠者和做好事的人也能得到好处。 文中介绍了一些让他人和你一样快乐的方法。 【16 题详解】 根据上文研究表明，当人们为他人做一些好事时，他们会感到更快乐，而受惠者和做好事的 人也能得到好处。再结合下文提供的一些让别人也快乐的方式。可推断出空格处是指用一些 方式让他人也像你一样快乐。分析选项可知，C 项“你敞开心扉，用一些小方式来也让他们感 觉开心”，符合语境。故选 C 项。 【17 题详解】 根据该段内容，和人们恢复联系很简单，以及亲密的关系对健康有益，尤其是后句“Let someone know you're thinking of them, even after some time apart.”即使分开一段时间，也要让 - 12 - 对方知道你在想念他。可知小标题的应与重新联系紧密相关。可以推断，F 项“与朋友或家人 重新联系”，符合语境。故选 F 项。 【18 题详解】 本段的小标题为“真诚地赞美某人”。文章接着说明了称赞别人的好处，可以改变人的情绪， A 项“其他人的积极的话语也可以帮助一些人对自己更好一点”，是称赞别人的另一个好处， 符合语境。且句中“positive words”与文章小标题“compliment”相对应，故选 A 项。 【19 题详解】 本段的小标题为“捡起你周围的垃圾”。根据上一句“捡起街道上的垃圾和可回收物品可以 美化你的社区，也有益于环境。”以及下句“ 毕竟环境不能自我清洁”，可以推测，此空应 为大家要一起承担清洁周围的环境，美化环境的任务。E 项“它甚至可能激励其他人和你一起 承担这项任务”符合语境，故选 E 项。 【20 题详解】 本段的小标题为“感谢你生命中的人”。根据上句“他们是你工作场所外的保安，是你每天 都能见到的超市员工，是你的妈妈。”可知，他们是保障你正常工作的人。可以推断，D 项“如 果没有他们的帮助，你的世界可能不会像现在这样高效运转”，符合语境。且句中“their help” 与前文的人员相对应。故选 D 项。 【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词 和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名 词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。在本文中，第 3 小题中的“positive words”， 第 5 小题中的“their help”均与上下文有相呼应的词语。 第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。 You just can’t imagine what a brave mother is like. She was a mother of three, who just ___21___ an earthquake, couldn’t tell if her children were ___22___ for help. Or what if you knew you couldn’t yell at her for help because she couldn’t ___23___ you? That was what happened to Connie and her three children ___24___ the 6.1-magnitude earthquake rocked Napa, California. Connie is ___25___ and communicates with her children using sign language. At midnight, Connie and her three children were ___26___ on the first floor of their two-story - 13 - home. She and her 16-year-old son, Juan, were shaken awake. Instantly, they realized there were no disaster supplies downstairs. Connie, also ___27___ one-month-old Raul and 8-year-old Adriana, called Juan to come close to her in the darkness and ___28___ for him to go upstairs to get a ___29___. Juan slowly _____30_____ the stairs. He heard a loud creak (嘎吱声). Arriving on the top floor, he moved quickly but _____31_____ to get what he needed. Using the flashlight to guide his steps back _____32_____ the stairs, the family was able to take a few items from the first floor and _____33_____. Their home was almost in ruins. Being deaf was not deterrent (妨碍物) for this _____34_____ mother. The family made it to the _____35_____ safely, which comforted everyone. 21. A. experienced B. dreamed C. avoided D. reported 22. A. turning around B. standing by C. running away D. crying out 23. A. see B. hear C. forgive D. reach 24. A. when B. after C. unless D. before 25. A. blind B. deaf C. old D. sick 26. A. alone B. awake C. alive D. asleep 27. A. chatting to B. playing with C. focusing on D. running after 28. A. signed B. phoned C. shouted D. explained 29. A. helper B. flashlight C. box D. suitcase 30. A. mopped B. examined C. climbed D. left 31. A. carefully B. regularly C. bravely D. hurriedly 32. A. up B. above C. under D. down 33. A. stay B. return C. flee D. cry 34. A. famous B. skillful C. ordinary D. determined 35. A. darkness B. shelter C. ruins D. stairs 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 - 14 - 这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了一位聋哑妈妈，在经历地震时，临危不惧，救了一家人的故事。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是一个三个孩子的母亲，刚刚经历了一场地震，不知道她的孩 子们是否在呼救。A. experienced 经历；B. dreamed 梦想；C. avoided 避免 ；D. reported 报道。 根据“the 6.1-magnitude earthquake rocked Napa, California”可知，此处指刚刚经历了地震。故 选 A 项。 【22 题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她是一个三个孩子的母亲，刚刚经历了一场地震，她不知道 她的孩子们是否在呼救。A. turning around 转身；B. standing by 袖手旁观；C. running away 逃 走 ；D. crying out 大声呼喊。根据 for help 可知，她不知道她的孩子们是否在呼救。故选 D 项。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：或者，如果你知道因为她听不到你的声音，你不能向她大声呼救， 又会怎样。A. see 看；B. hear 听；C. forgive 原谅；D. reach 够到。根据下文 Connie is ___5___ and communicates with her children using sign language.可知，这位母亲听不见声音。故选 B 项。 【24 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：当加州纳帕发生 6.1 级地震时，康妮和她的三个孩子就遇到了这样 的情况。A. when 当......时候 ；B. after 在......之后； C. unless 除非；D. before 在......之前。分 析句意可知，本句为 when 引导的时间状语从句。故选 A 项。 【25 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：康妮是个聋哑人，她用手语和孩子们交流。A. blind 瞎的；B. deaf 聋的；C. old 老的；D. sick 生病的。根据 communicates with her children using sign language 可 知，这位母亲是聋哑人。故选 B 项。 【26 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：午夜时分，康妮和她的三个孩子在他们两层楼房的一楼熟睡。A. alone 单独的；B. awake 醒着的；C. alive 活着的；D. asleep 熟睡的。根据 She and her 16-year-old son, Juan, were shaken awake.可知，康妮和她的三个孩子在他们两层楼房的一楼熟睡。故选 D 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：康妮的注意力还集中在一个月大的劳尔和 8 岁的阿德里亚娜 身上，她叫胡安在黑暗中靠近她，并示意他上楼去拿手电筒。A. chatting to 聊天；B. playing with - 15 - 玩；C. focusing on 集中；D. running after 追逐。根据 one-month-old Raul and 8-year-old Adriana, 可知，康妮的注意力还集中在一个月大的劳尔和 8 岁的阿德里亚娜身上，因为他们年龄较小。 故选 C 项。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：康妮的注意力还集中在一个月大的劳尔和 8 岁的阿德里亚娜身上， 她叫胡安在黑暗中靠近她，并示意他上楼去拿手电筒。A. signed 示意； B. phoned 打电话；C. shouted 喊叫； D. explained 解释。根据上文 communicates with her children using sign language 可知，此处指康妮示意胡安上楼去拿手电筒。故选 A 项。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：康妮的注意力还集中在一个月大的劳尔和 8 岁的阿德里亚娜身上， 她叫胡安在黑暗中靠近她，并示意他上楼去拿手电筒。A. helper 助手；B. flashlight 手电筒； C. box 盒子；D. suitcase 手提箱。根据 Using the flashlight 可知，示意他上楼去拿手电筒。故 选 B 项。 【30 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：胡安慢慢地爬上楼梯。A. mopped 擦；B. examined 检查 ； C. climbed 爬；D. left 离开。根据上文 go upstairs 可知，胡安慢慢地爬上楼梯。选 C 项。 【31 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：到了顶楼，他迅速而小心地去拿他需要的东西。 A. carefully 小心 地； B. regularly 常规地； C. bravely 勇敢地； D. hurriedly 匆匆地。根据语境可知，发生了 地震且根据 moved quickly but 可知，他迅速而小心地去拿他需要的东西。故选 A 项。 【32 题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：他用手电筒指引他走下楼梯，一家人从一楼拿了几件东西逃了出 来。A. up 沿着而上；B. above 在.....上；C. under 在......下；D. down 沿着而下。上文说胡安爬 上楼梯，取了东西，所以此处指下楼梯。故选 D 项。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用手电筒指引他走下楼梯，一家人从一楼拿了几件东西逃了出 来。A. stay 逗留；B. return 回来；C. flee 逃走；D. cry 哭。根据 Their home was almost in ruins. 可知，一家人从一楼拿了几件东西逃了出来。故选 C 项。 【34 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对这位坚定的母亲来说，耳聋并不是障碍。A. famous 出名的； - 16 - B. skillful 技术娴熟的；C. ordinary 普通的；D. determined 坚定的。根据上文 You just can’t imagine what a brave mother is like.可知, 对这位坚定的母亲来说，耳聋并不是障碍。故选 D 项。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人安全到达了避难所，这让每个人都感到欣慰。A. darkness 黑暗；B. shelter 避难所；C. ruins 废墟；D. stairs(梯子的)一级。根据 which comforted everyone. 可知，这家人安全到达了避难所。故选 B 项。 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 How to prevent being infected with the virus? There are a number of standard hygiene (卫生) practices ___36___ have been recommended to protect against infection and ___37___(far) spread. These include covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing with a medical mask, tissue or flexed elbow; avoiding contacting with those who are unwell ___38___(close); the appropriate use of masks and personal protective ___39___(equip), especially in a healthcare setting; washing hands regularly with water and soap, ___40___ alcohol-based hand sanitizer (洗手液). ___41___(action) that can be taken to prevent infection from an animal source include: avoiding unnecessary unprotected contact with animals; washing hands after contact with animals or animal products; and ensuring that animal products are cooked thoroughly before they ___42___(consume). It is important___43___(stay) home if you’re feeling unwell. But if you have a fever, cough, and difficulty ___44___(breath), seek medical care early and share your previous travel history _____45_____ your healthcare provider. 【答案】36. that/which 37. further 38. closely 39. equipment 40. or 41. Actions 42. are consumed 43. to say 44. breathing 45. with 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了防止感染病毒所要采取的措施。 - 17 - 【36 题详解】 考查定语从句。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为 practices，关系词在从句中做主语，所以用 关系代词 which 或 that。故填 that /which。 【37 题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：为防止感染和进一步传播，推荐了一些标准的卫生做法。结合句意 可知，这里用 far 的比较级 further 常用于抽象的比较，此处修饰动词 spread，意为“进一步传 播”。故填 further。 【38 题详解】 考查副词。句意：避免与身体不适者密切接触。修饰动词，用副词形式，根据句意此处意为 “紧密地，密切地”，应使用副词 closely。故填 closely。 【39 题详解】 考查名词。形容词 protective 后接名词形式，且 equipment 为不可数名词。故填 equipment。 【40 题详解】 考查连词。句意：经常与水和肥皂洗手，或含酒精的洗手液。根据句意可知，这里为选择关 系，所以用连词 or。故填 or。 【41 题详解】 考查名词复数。根据后文可知，可采取的预防动物源感染的行动包括三个，所以名词 action 用复数形式，位于句首，首字母大写。故填 Actions。 【42 题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句中 they 指代 animal products，与动词 consume 之间为被动关系，所以 被动语态。根据句中时态可知，应用一般现在时。故填 are consumed。 【43 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。这里考查句型：It be + adj. + to do sth.“做某事是怎么样的”。故填 to say。 【44 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但如果你发烧、咳嗽、呼吸困难，尽早就医，并与医疗服务提供者 分享你的旅行史。have difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”。故填 breathing。 【45 题详解】 考查介词。句意：但如果你发烧、咳嗽、呼吸困难，尽早就医，并与医疗服务提供者分享你 的旅行史。share sth. with sb.“和某人分享某物”。故填 with。 - 18 - 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (满分 15 分) 46.假定你是李华，正计划去英国留学，请给英国一所大学的招生办的相关人员写一封信，咨 询如何写自荐信。内容包括： 1.介绍你的留学计划（时间、专业等）。 2.请教如何写自荐信（内容、注意事项等） 注意：1.词数 80 左右。 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇；self-recommendation letter 自荐信 Dear Sir/Madam, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ Best Wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir/Madam, I'm Li Hua, a high school student from China. I'm writing to see if it is possible for you to do me a favor. I'm planning to study in the UK after graduation in September for two years. I'm a science student and I'd like to major in science, such as computer science or engineering. Could you tell me how to write a self-recommendation letter? I am wondering what aspects should be included in it. What's more, are there any problems to which I need to pay special attention ? Thank you for your kindness. I would appreciate it if you could give me an immediate reply . Sincerely yours, Li Hua 【解析】 - 19 - 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封咨询信。 【详解】第一步： 审题：咨询信 咨询如何写自荐信 人称：第一人称 时态：一般现在时 结构：总分法，分三部分，第一部分自我介绍，说明写信目的；第二部分介绍你的留学计划， 请教如何写自荐信；第三部分感谢帮助，希望尽快得到回复。 要点： 1. 自我介绍，说明写信目的：请求帮助 2．介绍你的留学计划，请教如何写自荐信 ①介绍你的留学计划：计划 9 月毕业后去英国学习两年，想学习科学方面的专业，如计算机 科学或工程学 ②请教如何写自荐信：自荐信应该包括哪些方面，有什么需要特别注意的事项 3．感谢帮助，希望尽快得到回复 第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语） a high school student；do sb.a favor；plan to do…；after graduation；major in；a self-recommendation letter；aspect；include；pay attention to；give an immediate reply 第三步：连词成句 (1) I'm Li Hua. (2) I’m a high school student from China. (3) I'm writing to see if it is possible for you to do me a favor. (4) I'm planning to study in the UK after graduation in September for two years. (5) I'd like to major in science. (6) I would like to learn computer science or engineering. (7) Could you tell me how to write a self-recommendation letter? (8) I am wondering what aspects should be included in it. (9) Are there any problems? (10) I need to pay special attention to the problems. - 20 - (11) I would appreciate it if you could give me an immediate reply . 根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句,适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。 第四步：连句成篇(衔接词、亮点词汇) 将第 2 个句子作同位语，连接下面的两个句子 (1) I'm Li Hua. (2) I’m a high school student from China. →I'm Li Hua, a high school student from China. 用 such as 表示列举，连接下面两个句子 (5) I'd like to major in science. (6) I would like to learn computer science or engineering. →I'd like to major in science, such as computer science or engineering. 将第 2 个句子改写成定语从句,连接下面的两个句子 (9) Are there any problems? (10) I need to pay special attention to the problems. →Are there any problems which I need to pay special attention to ? →Are there any problems to which I need to pay special attention ? 适当地运用高级词汇、复杂句式提升文章的档次，增加文章的可读性。 【点睛】范文要点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇， 如 do sb.a favor；plan to do…；graduation；major in；a self-recommendation letter；aspect；include； pay attention to；give an immediate reply 等；复杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如 同位语的运用，使句子简洁 I'm Li Hua, a high school student from China；宾语从句的运用 I am wondering what aspects should be included in it；“介词+which”引导的定语从句的运用 are there any problems to which I need to pay special attention ?等。 第二节 (满分 25 分) 47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写 的词数为 150 左右。 Arthur was messy. He didn’t try to make messes, but he didn’t try to clean up much, either. There were always small pieces of food on the table when he was done eating. His socks never made it into the hamper (洗衣篮). And he only picked up his toys when Mom threatened to throw them - 21 - away. Most days, Mom followed Arthur around the house and cleaned up after him. She brushed the crumbs (碎屑) into her hand and threw them away after meals. She picked up his socks and made sure they got washed, dried and folded neatly before going back in the drawer. She often picked up his toys when he left them to do something else. One day, Mom asked Arthur to pick up his toy trains. “Not right now,” Arthur said. He was reading a comic book. The trains had been on the living room floor since the morning. “You know what, Arthur? I’m not going to ask you again. I’m done cleaning today.” And with that. Mom put her feet up on the sofa and picked up a book to read. At dinner time, Arthur noticed that there was a big pile of crumbs at his place at the table. Mom’s spot was nice and clean. Arthur didn’t like the crumbs very much. After dinner, Arthur’s feet felt cold. He went to his room and opened his drawer, but the drawer was empty. “Mom, where are my socks?” Arthur called. “There weren’t any socks in your hamper, so I didn’t wash them,” Mom said. Arthur felt unhappy. Now his feet would be cold, unless he wanted to wear dirty socks from the floor. He decided to stay barefoot. When it was time for bed, Arthur said good night to Mom and turned to go upstairs. Arthur stepped right on his toy train in his bare feet. “Ouch!” cried Arthur. “That really hurt !” Paragraph 1: However, Mom was still reading and said nothing. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “Mom?” said Arthur. “Tomorrow can you show me how to do the washing so I can wash my socks?” ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ - 22 - 【答案】Paragraph 1 However, Mom was still reading and said nothing. Arthur wasn’t sure if she had heard him or not so he called for help again, but still Mom didn’t come. Then Arthur realized maybe it was he that could solve his problem at that very moment. He quietly picked up the toy train and put it in the box. It only took a minute for him to put the toy away, and now he wouldn’t have to worry about hurting his feet again. Paragraph 2 “Mom?” said Arthur. “Tomorrow can you show me how to do the laundry so I can wash my socks?” “Of course,” said Mom. “It’s nice to see you begin to learn to take care of yourself. I am always here to do whatever I can to help you become a more independent boy.” Arthur felt better. He didn’t want to wait until the next laundry day to have clean socks again. Maybe being neat wasn’t so hard after all. 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇读后续写作文。 【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，Arthur 是个不爱整洁的男孩，尽管妈妈说了他很多次，他也 不改正，妈妈总是跟在他后面为他整理东西，直到有一天妈妈下定决心要惩罚 Arthur，于是不 再给他整理东西了。Arthur 找不到自己的东西，没有袜子穿，脚还踩到自己乱丢的东西上弄疼 了。 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：然而，妈妈仍然在看书，什么也没说。所以后文应该是 讲述 Arthur 意识到必须自己整理自己的东西了，他悄悄地拿起玩具火车，把它放进箱子里。 他只花了一分钟就把玩具收起来了，现在他再也不用担心自己的脚受伤了。第二段开头是：“妈 妈？”Arthur 说。“明天你能教我怎么洗吗？这样我就能洗我的袜子了。”本段应该写 Arthur 决 心自己洗衣服，妈妈也很高兴他的改变，决定帮助他成为一个更独立的男孩。 最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右。 【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：call for, pick up, worry about, take care of, after all 等高级词汇；宾语从句 Arthur wasn’t sure if she had heard him or not so he called for help again, but still Mom didn’t come.强调句 Then Arthur realized maybe it was he that could solve his problem at that very moment.等高级句式。 - 23 -