通用版2021高考英语一轮复习考点四名词和主谓一致练习含解析

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通用版2021高考英语一轮复习考点四名词和主谓一致练习含解析

考点四 名词和主谓一致 限时25分钟 一、单句语法填空 ‎1.Barber shops have been opened in most big hotels in foreign countries, guests can go to the ________ (barber) to have a haircut directly. ‎ 答案:barber's 句意:国外大部分大的酒店都有理发店,客人可以直接去那里理发。the barber's 指“理发店”,故填barber's。‎ ‎2.The Smiths ________ (have) their breakfast when the morning post came. ‎ 答案:were having 在表示姓氏的专有名词词尾加s,前面加the,表示一家人,当这种形式作主语时,谓语动词用复数。根据语境,此处表示正在吃早餐,故填were having。‎ ‎3.In recent years, Chinese arts have won the ________ (appreciate) of a lot of people outside China.‎ 答案:appreciation 句意:近年来,中国艺术赢得了许多国外人士的欣赏。根据前面的the可知,后面使用名词appreciation,表示欣赏。‎ ‎4.It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that ________ (be) to blame for the death of so many innocent people.‎ 答案:was 句意:是自然灾害,而不是人为错误,应对这么多无辜人的死亡负责。强调句型中强调的主语是“the natural disaster, rather than human errors”,谓语动词与主语保持一致。带有“rather than”的结构,谓语动词与前面的名词即the natural disaster保持一致,故填was。‎ ‎5.Either you or one of your family members ________ (be) to attend the school sports meeting tomorrow and cheer on your kids.‎ 答案:is 根据主语中的either ... or ... 可知,谓语动词采取“就近原则”,与“one of your family members”保持一致,故填is。‎ ‎6.Jane realized her ________ (ambitious) to become the first woman to run the 10,000 metres within 30 minutes.‎ 答案:ambition 句意:简实现了成为第一个30分钟内跑完一万米的女子的抱负。根据前面的形容词性物主代词可知,后面跟名词。ambition “野心,雄心”。这里是指实现愿望。‎ ‎7.Many young people plan to take ________ (turn) to host parties in the coming holiday. ‎ 答案:turns 句意:很多年轻人打算在即将到来的假期中轮流举行聚会。take turns to do sth.是固定短语,意为“轮流做某事”,故填turns。‎ - 15 -‎ ‎8.The teacher asks all the students to make ________ (prepare) for the English class. ‎ 答案:preparations 句意:老师要求所有的学生们为英语课做准备。make preparations for “为……做准备”,是固定短语,故填preparations。‎ ‎9.My friends and I ordered two teas and five ________ (coffee) when we had lunch. ‎ 答案:coffees 句意:我和朋友们吃午饭的时候,点了两杯茶和五杯咖啡。此处coffee和前面的tea的用法一样,是可数名词,表示几杯茶或者咖啡,故填coffees。‎ ‎10.We have to admit the fact that this experiment is a complete ________ (fail). ‎ 答案:failure 句意:我们不得不承认这次实验彻底失败了。根据空格前面的“a complete”可知,形容词修饰后面的名词,作定语,故填failure。‎ ‎11.The roofs of the rooms were covered with ________ (leaf).‎ 答案:leaves 句意:房子的屋顶上被树叶覆盖了。以f或fe结尾的名词变复数有直接加s或变f或fe为v再加es的两种形式。常见的要去掉f或fe加ves的词有leaf, wife, life, knife, thief, half, self, shelf和wolf等。‎ ‎12.Where to find the teacher and where to do the experiment ________ (be) not known. ‎ 答案:are 前面的主语由两个“疑问词+不定式”构成,表示两个概念,谓语动词用复数。故填are。‎ ‎13.The knife and fork ________ (be) on the table. ‎ 答案:is 主语中and连接两个名词,表示一个整体概念,谓语动词用单数。故填is。‎ ‎14.So far, more than one answer ________ (give) to the question. ‎ 答案:has been given 本句中“more than one+单数名词”作主语,意义表示“不止一个”,但是谓语动词用单数形式,且句中有时间状语so far提示,句子应用现在完成时。故填has been given。‎ ‎15.These deer ________ (be) small compared with other species of deer. ‎ 答案:are deer单复数形式相同,但是此句中有these修饰,故填are。‎ ‎16.The teacher as well as the students who ________ fond of football, ________ playing together. (be)‎ 答案:are; is 句意:那位老师和喜欢足球的同学们正在一起踢足球。“who ________ fond of football”是定语从句,修饰the students,故第一空用复数形式的谓语动词。A as well as B作主语,谓语动词与A保持一致,故第二空用单数形式。‎ ‎17.My family ________ (be) wellknown in the region now.‎ - 15 -‎ 答案:is 句意:我的家现在在这个地区很有名气。本句中family强调整体,且有时间状语now,故填is。‎ ‎18.—Where did you two have your ________ (stomach) examined?‎ ‎—At our local hospital.‎ 答案:stomachs 句意:——你们两个在哪儿检查的胃?——在我们当地的一家医院。因为指的是两个人的胃,故用复数形式;又因为此单词中ch的发音为/k/,所以变为复数时要在后面加s。在英语中,以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词变为复数要在其后加es,但是stomach除外。‎ ‎19.The old couple are pleased with their three ________ (soninlaw).‎ 答案:sonsinlaw 句意:这对老夫妇对他们的三个女婿很满意。合成名词单数变成复数时,有主体名词时把主体名词变成复数。例如:soninlaw→sonsinlaw, lookeron→lookerson, passerby→passersby。‎ ‎20.In our city, there are one million ________ (grownup).‎ 答案:grownups 句意:在我们这座城市,有一百万成年人。grownup “成年人”,为可数名词,应用其复数形式。在英语中,合成词变为复数时,如果没有主体名词,通常将最后一个词变为复数,因此答案为grownups。‎ ‎21.Our local government awards 5,000 dollars to four ________ (woman) nurses and two ________ (man) doctors.‎ 答案:women; men 句意:我们当地政府把5,000美元奖给了四名女护士和两名男医生。由man或woman作为第一部分而构成的复合名词变复数时,将两个部分皆变为复数形式。‎ ‎22.Learning hard ________ (be) very important to us students now.‎ 答案:is 句意:现在努力学习对我们学生很重要。当主语为动名词/单个从句/to do不定式时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。‎ ‎23.In fact, the innovation is just one move in a huge project to improve Chinese teachers' housing ________ (condition) in recent years.‎ 答案:conditions 句意:事实上,这项变革只是最近几年提高中国教师住房条件的大项目中的一小步。根据句意可知,应用名词复数形式conditions。condition的复数形式表示“(居住、工作等的)环境,条件”。‎ ‎24.Water is valuable in the world but large amounts of water ________ (be) wasted.‎ 答案:are 句意:在世界上水是很宝贵的,但是许多水被浪费了。“amounts/quantities of+不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。‎ ‎25.A modern library is being built in our school so that we students will have ________ (accessible) to good books.‎ - 15 -‎ 答案:access 句意:我们学校正在建设一个现代化的图书馆,以便学生能够读到好书。access “接触的机会,使用权”;have access to固定词组,意为“可使用……;可获得……”,符合句意。故空格处填access。‎ ‎26.Each man and each woman in the neighboring villages ________ (have) a bad opinion of him, but he is spoken better of by the village leaders.‎ 答案:has 句意:邻近村庄的每个人都对他印象不好,但是村领导对他的评价较高。“every ... and every ...”,“each ... and each ...”等结构作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式;且根据后面的is可知,句子应用一般现在时。故空格处应填has。‎ ‎27.—Is everyone here?‎ ‎—Not yet. Look, there ________ (come) a guest!‎ 答案:comes 空格处所在句子为倒装句,a guest作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式;此处叙述的是现在的事实,所以句子用一般现在时。故空格处应填comes。‎ ‎28.It's said that a singer and TV star ________ (be) coming to give us a wonderful performance next Saturday.‎ 答案:is 句意:据说一位歌唱家兼电视明星下星期六要来给我们做精彩的表演。and连接两个名词,但共用一个冠词指同一人或者同一事物时,句子的谓语动词要用单数。故答案为is。‎ ‎29.The head teacher, together with his students, ________ (be) planning to post the winning poems on the Campus Network.‎ 答案:is 主语后接由with, except, as well as, no less than, rather than, besides, together with, like, including, in addition to等构成的短语时,谓语动词的单复数和主语的单复数保持一致。故空格处应填is。‎ ‎30.The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which ________ (be) saved for other purposes.‎ 答案:were 句意:这家工厂使用了65%的原材料,其余的节省下来以作他用。后半句中的the rest of which中的which指的是raw materials,所以谓语动词用复数;再结合主句中的时态可判断,正确答案为were。‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1.“Thank you” mean you appreciate what someone has done for you, no matter how small it is. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:mean→means 本句中的主语是Thank you短语,表示单数意义,故谓语动词用单数,故将mean改为means。‎ ‎2.I managed to climb out, but much to my shocking, one of my boys was ‎ - 15 -‎ missing. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:shocking→shock 此处为“to one's+抽象名词”结构,shocking是一个形容词,故将shocking改为shock。 ‎ ‎3.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:honest→honesty 句意:我叔叔告诉我他成功的关键就是诚实。此处是指诚实是他成功的关键,应用名词形式。‎ ‎4.We were very happy to help each other and have lots of funs. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:funs→fun fun是一个不可数名词,没有复数形式,故将funs改为fun。‎ ‎5.It is important to pay your electric bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:electric→electricity 句意:按时交电费很重要,因为交的迟会影响你的信用。此处应用名词作定语,表示所修饰词的特征、功能、内容等。electricity bill “电费”。‎ ‎6.In order to keep healthy, you have to refuse a variety of delicious snack and junk food. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:snack→snacks snack是一个可数名词,根据前面的a variety of “大量的”可知,后用复数名词,故将snack改为snacks。‎ ‎7.I'm one of the students who works hard in English and have won several prizes in some English contests. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:works→work 定语从句的谓语动词与前面的先行词保持一致,即与the students保持一致,故改为复数形式。‎ ‎8.More than one worker have been sent to the training center to improve their working skills in the past three years.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:have→has 句意:在过去的三年中,不止一个工人被送到培训中心去提高他们的工作技能。more than one “不止一个”,从意义上讲它表示复数,但作主语时,谓语习惯用单数。‎ ‎9.A recent survey shows that the number of children who come from the countryside with their parents are nearly ‎320,000 in Beijing.‎ - 15 -‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:are→is 句意:最近的一项研究表明,在北京和父母一起从农村来的孩子的数量将近320,000。“the number of+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数;而“a number of+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。‎ ‎10.The computer system crashed and I lost three hour's worth of work.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:hour's→hours' 句意:电脑系统瘫痪了,我三个小时做的工作都白费了。三个小时为复数概念,因此hour应用复数形式。以s结尾的名词复数的所有格形式直接加'即可。‎ ‎11.On the contrary, I think it is Truman, rather than you, that are to blame.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:are→is 当主语是介词with, together with, along with, as well as, like, but, rather than, including等连接的两个名词或代词时,谓语动词应与第一个名词或代词的数保持一致。‎ ‎12.However, the grass under our foot is green enough.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:foot→feet 由修饰语our可知,foot应改为其复数形式,foot的复数形式为不规则变化,即feet。‎ ‎13.Mom has a fulltime job, but she has to do most of the houseworks.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:houseworks→housework 句意:妈妈有一份全职工作,但还是要做大部分的家务。housework为不可数名词,没有复数形式。‎ ‎14.In the last 25 years, the population of Singapore have doubled to more than five million.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:have→has 句意:在过去的25年里,新加坡的人口翻了一番,达到500多万人。此处的population为集合名词,是一个整体,故谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎15.Each student should make good preparation for the College Entrance Examination.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:preparation→preparations preparation意为“准备工作,筹备工作”时,为可数名词;make preparations for ... “为……做准备”,固定搭配。‎ 名词 一、单数可数名词变为复数形式的规则 - 15 -‎ ‎1.规则变化 一般情况下,在词尾直接加s;以s, x, sh, ch(ch发音为[tʃ]时)结尾的在词尾加es;以辅音字母+y结尾的,把y变成i,再加es;以f或fe结尾的多数变f或fe为v再加es。‎ ‎2.不规则变化 ‎(1)变内部元音 foot—feet 脚 man—men 男人 woman—women 女人 tooth—teeth 牙 goose—geese 鹅 gentleman—gentlemen 绅士 ‎(2)单复数同形的名词 sheep 绵羊 deer 鹿 Chinese 中国人 Japanese 日本人 Swiss 瑞士人 means 方法 series 系列 species 种类 works 工厂 head 头(量词)‎ ‎(3)常以复数形式出现的名词 clothes 衣服 glasses 眼镜 chopsticks 筷子 trousers 裤子 ‎ goods 商品;货物 contents 目录 sands 沙滩 woods树林 times时代 lines 台词 ‎ surroundings 环境 belongings 财产 earnings 收入 arms 武器 ‎ manners 礼貌 forces 军队 ‎(4)有两种复数形式的名词 people fish ‎(5)集体名词的数 ‎①只表示复数意义的集体名词 people 人,人们  police 警察  cattle 牛 ‎②侧重成员时表示复数意义,侧重整体时表示单数意义的集体名词 这类集体名词侧重于成员时,表示复数意义,不再变复数形式;侧重整体时表示单数意义,表示多个这样的集体时有复数变化形式。‎ class 班级 family 家庭 team 队 public 大众 army 军队 government 政府 - 15 -‎ 二、名词所有格 ‎1.'s所有格 表示人或其他有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加's或',表示所有关系。‎ my_sister's telephone number 我姐姐的电话号码 ‎(1)表示两者或多者各自的所有关系时,分别在每个名词的词尾加's或';表示两者或多者共有时,在最后一个名词词尾加's或'。‎ ‎ Tom's_and_Jim's fathers 汤姆的父亲和吉姆的父亲 ‎ Tom_and_Jim's father 汤姆和吉姆的父亲 ‎(2)表示店铺、办公室或某人的家时,名词所有格后被修饰的名词一般省略。‎ at the_barber's 在理发店 ‎ at my_uncle's 在我叔叔家 ‎2.of所有格 表示无生命的事物的名词通常用of所有格表示所有关系;名词短语或有定语修饰的有生命的名词也常用of所有格。‎ the window of_the_room 房间的窗户 ‎3.双重所有格 构成 名词+of+'s所有格/名词性物主代词 a friend of Jack's 杰克的一位朋友 some friends of mine 我的一些朋友 用法 表示部分概念,被修饰词前通常有限定词a(n), one, some, many等 Some friends of my sister's will join us in the game. 我妹妹的一些朋友将和我们一起做游戏。‎ 带's所有格的名词必须是明确限定的、指人的 a book of Mary's 玛丽的一本书 三、名词作定语 名词作定语往往是说明被修饰词的材料、用途、类别等,作定语的名词通常用单数。‎ gold chain 金链子 coffee cup 咖啡杯 mountain village 山村 winter holiday 寒假 限时25分钟 一、单句语法填空 ‎1.(2019·双鸭山市第一中学高三月考)Neither you nor I nor anybody else ________ (know) anything about it now.‎ 答案:knows 根据前面的neither ... nor ... 结构,谓语动词采取就近原则,故与anybody else保持一致,且由now可知,此处描述现在的事实,故填knows。‎ ‎2.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased ________ (pollute) in the country's - 15 -‎ ‎ major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.‎ 答案:pollution “This switch has decreased”后面缺少宾语,应使用名词作宾语,故填pollution。‎ ‎3.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ________ (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.‎ 答案:scientist 此处介绍“我”的身份是一位科学家。因此应填scientist。‎ ‎4.(2018·浙江高考)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese ________ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.‎ 答案:dishes 名词dish前面没有冠词,故用复数形式表类别,但主语为making Chinese dishes动名词短语,故后面的谓语动词是is。‎ ‎5.(2018·浙江高考)Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ________ (weigh) problems.‎ 答案:weight weight problems “体重问题”,需要把所给的动词变成名词weight,修饰后面的名词。‎ ‎6.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages ________ (be) close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left.‎ 答案:are 根据前面的主语“400 of the total of 6,800 languages”指6,800种语言中的400多种语言,意思是复数,故填are。‎ ‎7.(2018·江苏高考)When most people think of the arts, they imagine the end product, the beautiful painting, a wonderful piece of music, or an awardwinning ________ (perform) in the theatre.‎ 答案:performance 根据前面的“an awardwinning”可知,此处需用名词,故填performance。‎ ‎8.(2018·北京高考)The coming technological advancement ________ (present) a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably.‎ 答案:presents 主语“The coming technological advancement”是单数,故谓语动词也用单数形式,填presents。‎ ‎9.(2018·天津高考)________ (curious) gave us all a natural awareness.‎ 答案:Curiosity 根据空格的位置和后面的谓语动词可知,此处缺少主语,故填Curiosity。‎ ‎10.(2018·天津高考)On top of that, most of the 3D food ________ (print) now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad.‎ 答案:printers 根据“most of”可知,后面使用复数名词,故填printers。‎ - 15 -‎ ‎11.(2018·浙江高考)Among the bag makers' ________ (argue): many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport.‎ 答案:arguments “the bag makers'”是名词所有格,后面应接名词形式,且此处指复数概念,故填arguments。‎ ‎12.(2018·江苏高考)What starts as fun usage of apps ________ (turn) into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school.‎ 答案:turns 分析句子的结构可知,主语是一个由what引导的主语从句,故谓语动词使用单数形式。‎ ‎13.(2018·北京高考)The ________ (arrive) of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.‎ 答案:arrival 根据前面的定冠词the可知,后面使用名词形式,故填arrival。‎ ‎14.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Now all that was needed ________ (be) the parents, but they were absent.‎ 答案:were 句意:现在最需要的就是父母,但是父母都不在。因为表语为parents,并且要时态一致,因此答案为were。‎ ‎15.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Moran says one of the problems with Jazz today ________ (be) that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost.‎ 答案:is 句意:莫兰说今天爵士乐其中的一个问题是音乐的娱乐性丢失。当“one of+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎16.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)My entire family is hearing and so ________ (be) all my friends.‎ 答案:are 句意:我全家都有听觉,我所有的朋友也都有听觉。“so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语”指前者的情况也适合于后者;主语为my friends,根据时态一致原则,答案是are。‎ ‎17.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Fat and salt ________ (be) very important parts of a diet.‎ 答案:are 句意:脂肪和盐是饮食中的重要部分。主语为fat and salt,表示复数概念,谓语动词应用复数。‎ ‎18.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack (吃点心) between ________ (meal) and will improve the taste of your food.‎ 答案:meals 句意:饭菜中充足的脂肪和盐会降低零食对你的诱惑,并且会改善食物的味道。这里指两餐之间,故用复数形式。‎ - 15 -‎ ‎19.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the ________ (instructor) orders.‎ 答案:instructor's 句意:上车之前,我原本认为我已经掌握了教练的指令。表所有关系,在名词后直接加's。‎ ‎20.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)________ (interrupt) are one of the worst things to deal with while you're trying to get work done.‎ 答案:Interruptions 句意:当你努力完成工作的时候,受到打扰是你要应对的最坏的事情之一。作主语,需要用interrupt的名词形式interruption,且由系动词are可知,要用其复数形式interruptions。‎ ‎21.(2019·中央民大附中月考)Email, as well as telephones, ________ (play) an important part in daily communication.‎ 答案:is playing/plays 句意:电子邮件,还有电话在日常生活中起着很重要的作用。主语后接由as well as构成的短语时,句子的谓语动词要和as well as前的主语的单复数和人称保持一致,答案为is playing。‎ ‎22.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)After years of heated debate, gray ________ (wolf) were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park.‎ 答案:wolves 句意:多年的激烈争论之后,灰狼重新被引进到了黄石国家公园。be动词用了were,因此应用wolf的复数形式。以f/fe结尾的名词应改f/fe为v,再加es。‎ ‎23.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)In fact, the key to easy morning wakeup ________ (lie) in resetting your body clock.‎ 答案:lies 句意:事实上,早晨轻松醒来的关键在于重新调整你的生物钟。句子的主语是the key,谓语动词应用第三人称单数。‎ ‎24.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.‎ 答案:invitations 句意:为了专注于学习,她拒绝了在许多节目中充当主演的邀请。several修饰可数名词的复数形式,因此填invitations。‎ ‎25.(2019·江苏高考)The musician along with his band members ________ (give) ten performances in the last three months.‎ 答案:has given 句意:这位音乐家和他的乐队成员在过去三个月里共演出了10场。根据时间状语in the last three months可知,句子用现在完成时;当主语后接along with构成的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致,故此处用has given。‎ ‎26.(2019·江苏高考)Nowadays the ________ (prior) for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery.‎ 答案:‎ - 15 -‎ priority 句意:如今,旅游的重点从购物转向了食物和风景。根据句意可知,此处应用名词,priority“优先;优先权;重点”。‎ ‎27.(2019·浙江高考)When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ________ (have) to worry about fashion (时尚).‎ 答案:has/will have 空格前面的从句为一般现在时,主句谓语动词应该用一般现在时或者一般将来时。而句子主语nobody是第三人称单数,所以当句子为一般现在时态时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。‎ ‎28.(2019·浙江高考)Other American studies showed no ________ (connect) between uniforms and school performance.‎ 答案:connection/connections no用来修饰名词,此处用单复数形式均可。‎ ‎29.(2020·广西南宁市第三中学高三月考)Booking tickets for the shuttle bus online in advance ________ (be) available since 9 am on Tuesday.‎ 答案:has been 由时间状语“since 9”可知时态用现在完成时。且主语“Booking tickets for the shuttle bus online in advance(提前在网上订班车票)”为第三人称单数形式,故填has been。‎ ‎30.(2020·内蒙古杭锦后旗奋斗中学高三上学期第一次月考)Her only ________ (respond) was always a nod of the head or something else like that.‎ 答案:response 分析句子结构可知,本句缺少主语,需用respond的名词形式,故填response。‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1.(2019·天津高考)Amy, as well as her brothers, were given a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:were→was A as well as B作主语时,谓语动词的单复数由A,也就是本题中的Amy决定;故将were改为was。‎ ‎2.(2019·北京高考)Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question suggest that, for most students, it doesn't.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:suggest→suggests/suggested/has suggested 此处用一般现在时、一般过去时或现在完成时都可以。主语research是不可数名词,suggest用第三人称单数,这里suggest是“表明”之意。‎ ‎3.(2020·河南省南阳市第一中学高三上学期月考)The mother's health was judged on her heighttoweight ratio (比例), her diet, amount of physical activities, smoking status and how much alcohol she drank.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ - 15 -‎ 答案:activities→activity 句意:母亲的健康状况由身高体重比、饮食、运动量、吸烟情况和饮酒量等因素决定。此处的运动表示抽象意义,不可数,故将activities改为activity。‎ ‎4.(2020·安徽省六校教育研究会高三第一次素质测试)The main character Jane Eyre is one of my favorite heroine. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:heroine→heroines 主角简·爱是我最喜欢的女主角之一。one of+名词复数,故将heroine改为heroines。‎ ‎5.(2018·北京高考)I was one of the final run to finish. But I finished! And I got a medal.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:run→runners 根据句意,指“我”是最后一个完成赛跑的跑步者,同时结合“one of”可知,此处使用复数名词,故将run改为runners。‎ ‎6.(2018·江苏高考)It found many youngsters (少年) now measure their status by how much public approve they get online, often through “likes”. ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:approve→approval 根据前面的“public” (公众的)和“how much”可知,后面跟名词,作get的宾语,故将approve改为approval。‎ ‎7.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)A buildityourself solar still (蒸馏器) is one of the best way to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:way→ways 根据句意可知,这里指“其中一个最好的取水方式”,one of后应接名词的复数形式。‎ ‎8.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare's play in their own language.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:play→plays 根据后半句语境可知,此处应用play的复数形式,泛指莎士比亚的作品。‎ ‎9.(2020·河南省南阳市第一中学高三上学期月考)Some of them even steal money from their parent to buy cigarettes, that is terrible.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:parent→parents 此处parent应用复数形式。‎ ‎10.(2020·成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)Anyone found guilty of smuggling (偷运) silkworm eggs, cocoons, or mulberry seeds was put to dying.‎ - 15 -‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案:dying→death 句意:任何被发现犯有偷运桑蚕卵,蚕茧、桑树种子的会被处死。Dying为die的现在分词形式,这里应用其名词形式death。‎ 主谓一致 一、主谓一致的概念及原则 主谓一致即在句子中谓语动词的数必须和主语的数保持一致。一般可根据三个原则来确定:语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。‎ 二、主谓一致常考考点 ‎1.表示一类人的the poor/rich/dead/injured/wounded等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。‎ The_rich are to help the poor.‎ ‎2.“主语+with/along with/together with/as well as/rather than/but/except等+名词/代词”,谓语动词的单复数形式与主语的单复数保持一致。‎ A gift together_with many flowers was sent to me on Teachers' Day by my students.‎ ‎3.由either ... or ..., neither ... nor ..., not only ... but (also) ..., or, nor等连接的并列成分作主语,以及there be句式中,谓语动词的单复数形式与最靠近的主语一致。‎ Neither_he_nor_I am going to see the film tonight.‎ ‎4.被every, each, many a, more than one等修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。‎ Every_boy_and_(every)_girl has adapted to the new system.‎ More_than_one_student wants to join the army.‎ ‎5.复合不定代词anyone, somebody, everything, nothing等作主语,谓语动词用单数。‎ If anyone sees Lisa, ask her to call me.‎ ‎6.两个单数名词由and连接表示同一人或物时,谓语动词用单数。‎ ‎ The_scientist_and_professor has made great contributions to the research.‎ ‎7.class, family, crew, team, group, crowd, government等集体名词作主语时,若侧重整体,谓语动词常用单数;若侧重成员,谓语动词用复数。‎ The_football_team_is made up of 23 members.‎ The_football_team_are taking their training course on the playground.‎ ‎8.表示由两部分构成的物体的名词,如:trousers, pants, jeans, glasses, shorts等作主语时,谓语动词常用复数形式。但如果这类名词前用了a pair of或two/three/ ... pairs of来修饰,谓语动词在数上要与pair的数保持一致。‎ These trousers need cleaning.‎ This pair of glasses is mine.‎ - 15 -‎ ‎9.表示时间、距离、重量、体积、价格等的复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。‎ I think $5,000 is a large sum of money for him.‎ ‎10.分数或百分数修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词根据分数或百分数所修饰的名词而定。‎ Two thirds of his income has_been_spent on books.‎ Seventy percent of the population in that country are still in poverty.‎ ‎11.“a number of+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数;“the number of+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数。‎ A number of new products have_been successfully produced.‎ The number of people doing fitness training is on the increase.‎ ‎12.“a quantity of+名词”与“quantities of+名词”作主语,前者谓语动词由其后的名词决定,后者谓语动词用复数形式。‎ A large quantity of drinking water in that city was reported not to reach the standard.‎ With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are_being_washed away each year.‎ ‎13.从句、不定式或动名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。‎ When the meeting will be held has_not_been_decided yet.‎ Reading in the sun does_harm to our eyes.‎ ‎14.定语从句中,关系代词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与先行词保持一致。‎ Mr Smith, who is now downstairs, is asking to see you.‎ The Smiths, who are now downstairs, are asking to see you.‎ - 15 -‎
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