2020届高考英语阅读理解（四选一）专题分类特训---阅读4（一）

2020届高考英语阅读理解（四选一）专题分类特训---阅读4（一）

‎1、    The future of Australia’s solar industry is looking bright after a record 3.5m panels(嵌板)were installed on rooftops last year, giving the equal output of a medium-sized coal-fired power station. The record 1,057 MW of capacity (产能) in small scale systems installed across the country broke the previous record set in 2012, figures from the Clean Energy Regulator showed on Tuesday. ‎ ‎    Australia’s solar power prosperity could almost double capacity in a year, The data also revealed that the average system size has also doubled since then from three to six kilowatts as average prices continued to fall. A fully installed 5KW system costs an average of $5,930 in Australia, according to the energy broker Solar choice. net. au. Its records show that the price has roughly halved in many capital cities since 2012. ‎ ‎    The regulator’s executive general manager, Mark Williamson, said there was increasing interest in renewals as a way to take control of electricity bills. But more importantly, he said it was also good news for reducing carbon emissions, ‎ ‎    “We are seeing a wide cross section of Australians—households, community centers, schools, and small businesses—receiving rewards under the small scale renewable energy scheme,” Williamson said, “Our data shows consumers are embracing renewable energy to take control of their electricity bills. ” ‎ ‎    In 2017, there was a 41% increase in installing renewable energy capacity across all states and territories compared to 2016. Queensland led the way with installed capacity at 295MW, with the Australian Capital Territory taking top place for the biggest annual increase by 57 %. “I he data collected by the Clean Energy Regulator in 2017 reflects the industry is going from strength to strength, It looks like 2018 will be another big year for the solar industry.” ‎ ‎    The total of installed capacity for last year is expected to rise to 1,070MW when all the data is collected. A large coal-fired power station such as Loyd Yang A in Victoria’s Latrobe Valley has a capacity of 2, 200MW. 1.What do we know about the Australia’s solar industry from the first paragraph? A.It’s still risky. B.It’s ‎ promising. C.It’s unpredictable. D.It’s within expectation. 2.What’s the reason for the Australia’s solar industry’s development? A.The entire decrease of the carbon emissions. B.The autonomous control of the electricity bills. C.The doubt about the capacity of coal-fired power station. D.The continuous fall of the average price of installing a solar energy system. 3.What does the underlined phrase “from strength to strength” in Paragraph 5 suggest? A.Australia’s solar industry is being accepted. B.Australia’s solar industry is developing rapidly. C.Australia’s solar industry is more practical than before. D.Australia’s solar industry is more advanced than other countries. 4.What is the biggest feature of the renewable energy according to Mark Williams? A.Reducing pollution. B.Providing enough energy. C.Lowering electricity bills. D.Simplifying installed equipment.‎ ‎2、HANGZHOU-Chinese internet giant Alibaba on Tuesday opened a hotel loaded with artificial intelligence (Al) and robots, automating a series of procedures like check-in, lights control and room service.‎ FlyZoo Hotel, opened in Hangzhou, capital of East China's Zhejiang province, where Alibaba is headquartered, is known as the company's first "future hotel". Customers can check into the hotel by simply scanning their faces. The facial recognition system installed in the hotel also enables customers to use their faces as key cards to open doors and access other hotel service. Users can also control the lights, televisions and curtains in the room via Alibaba's voice-activated digital assistant, while robots are deployed to serve dishes, cocktails and coffee. Hotel bookings and check-out can also be done with a few clicks on mobile through ‎ an app. "The Al-based solution can help customers save time and relieve hotel employees from repetitive work," said Wang Qun, CEO of FlyZoo Hotel. The hotel is the latest example of Chinese tech companies' attempt into traditional industries such as the hotel industry.‎ E-commerce giant JD. com announced in October its strategy to put smart home and electronic devices sold on its platform into hotels, in an effort to improve online sales.‎ In July, Baidu teamed up with Intercontinental Hotels Group in Beijing to allow guests to use its voice-controlled assistant to adjust room temperature and order room service at ease.‎ Before that, social media giant Tencent introduced QQfamily, a similar tech solution for hotel operators, in the southern city of Zhuhai last year.‎ ‎ " We want to install a 'smart brain' for hotels, " said Wang. "In the future, we will continue to make hotels smarter and more automated, as well as create more personalized experiences for consumers."‎ ‎1. How can customers check into FlyZoo Hotel? ‎ A. By scanning their faces. B. By clicking their mobile phones.‎ C. By showing hotel staff their I D cards. D. By using voice-activated digital assistant.‎ ‎2. Which of the following hasn't been realized?‎ A. All hotel service is provided by robots.‎ B. Room service can be controlled by artificial intelligence.‎ C. Room temperature can be adjusted by artificial intelligence.‎ D. Televisions can be turned off by voice-activated digital assistant.‎ ‎3. What will probably happen to hotels in the future?‎ A. Customers will get less personalized experiences.‎ B. Human work will completely disappear in hotels.‎ C. Intelligent hotels won't meet any difficulties in the development.‎ D. Just staying in your room, you can easily get many kinds of services by Al. ‎ ‎4. What does the passage mainly talk about? ‎ A. Internet giants open AI "future hotel". B. Artificial intelligence is used in hotels. ‎ C. Internet giants switch to hotel industry. D. Traditional hotels will disappear soon.‎ ‎3、    Astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS) may soon be able to turn their used forks and knives into tools and satellite parts.‎ ‎    Tethers Unlimited Inc., an aerospace technology company, has developed a system that combines a waste recycling machine with a 3D printer.‎ ‎    Astronauts will put waste items made of plastic into the recycling machine, called the Poistrusion Recycler. When they press a button, the Recycler will melt down the plastic and turn it into 3D filament (长丝).‎ ‎    The filament will e used in a 3D printer on the ISS-called the Refabricator-to make tools, spare parts and satellite components.‎ ‎    The waste will come from packaging materials, food containers, trays and eating utensils (器具) used on the ISS. Astronaut currently use disposable wet wipes to clean their food containers and utensils. The used wipes are stored as trash (垃圾), and replacement wipes must be sent up to the ISS on cargo missions. By recycling old food containers and utensils, astronauts will reduce the amount of trash they produce. To get rid of trash from the ISS, astronaut load it into empty cargo capsules (航天舱) and release it into space. The capsules burn up when they enter Earth’s atmosphere.‎ ‎    Turning trash into useful new items will also help NASA save money because astronauts will need fewer supplies. It costs about $ 6,000 for every kilogram launched into orbit. These benefits will be even more important for longer missions in the future-such as the two-year journey to Mars. Astronauts will be able to recycle old waste materials into new tools and parts as they need them.‎ ‎    Tethers have successfully tested the systems in its laboratory. They will test it on the ISS in late 2018. The company is also developing a version of the system for use here on Earth.‎ ‎1.What material are the forks and knives for astronauts made of? A.Gold. B.Iron C.Plastic. D.Wood. 2.At present, the astronauts mainly get supplies by__________. A.3D printers B.reusing the old ones C.collecting from the space D.the capsules launched from the earth 3.What can the new technology help the astronauts do? A.Reuse the trash. B.Send the trash to Mars. C.Take the trash to the earth. D.Load the trash into empty capsules and throw them away. 4.What is the biggest benefit of the new technology mentioned in the text? A.It can save some space for the ISS. B.It can gave more time for the astronauts. C.It can provide more conditions to explore space. D.It can help to reduce the journey from Earth to Mars.‎ ‎4、It is becoming a growing trend that more and more consumers across the country are using cashless payment methods. The rapid development of third-party mobile payment tools is helping to boost cashless payments across the country, said Dong Ximiao, a researcher at the Renmin University of China.‎ Transactions (交易) involving third-party mobile payments rose by 46.8 percent in the first quarter of 2017 compared with the previous quarter to 18.8 trillion yuan, according to a report released in May.‎ Although there were 3.4 billion third-party payment accounts in total in China in 2016, China is not the first country to seek a cashless society. Developed states like Sweden, Denmark and Singapore are also witnessing that increase.‎ However, the rapid development of cashless payments does not mean there are no challenges and criticisms. Alibaba’s Hema store, where customers can shop, dine and order commodities for delivery from their mobile phones via Alipay, have come into the spotlight recently. Media reports said that consumers can’t purchase goods with cash there, which would be considered illegal.‎ Alipay and WeChat Pay, the nation’s two major third-party mobile payment tools, also launched campaigns this month to encourage more merchants and customers to use cashless payment methods, which caused concerns over whether cash will soon disappear.‎ ‎“Some offline sellers refuse to accept cash, which impacts the natural circulation of yuan,” said Dong. He emphasized that a cashless society would not mean that cash would completely disappear. As the economy grows, the circulation of cash is still very huge, noted Dong. Also, it’s important to remember that nearly half of China’s population live in rural areas, especially in undeveloped western regions, unable to enjoy innovation (革新) brought by the Internet, Dong said. And when it comes to China’s senior citizens, most of them prefer to use cash in their daily lives, he added.‎ ‎“It’s ridiculous to question digital payment tools’ contribution toward financial development. In the long term, various payment methods will be used by consumers, and merchants should respect consumers’ payment habits,” Dong noted.‎ ‎1.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 probably refer to?‎ A. Economic activity B. Large amount of payment C. Development of economy D. Cashless payment ‎ ‎2. Why has Alibaba’s Hema store become a focus?‎ A. It fights against illegal activities.‎ B. Customers are not permitted to use cash there.‎ C. It provides comprehensive services.‎ D. It starts campaigns to encourage mobile payment.‎ ‎3. Which of the following will Dong find reasonable?‎ A. Various payment methods ought to be respected.‎ B. People should be encouraged to use mobile payment.‎ C. Most elderly people have no access to mobile payment.‎ D. Mobile payment isn’t beneficial to a cost-effective society.‎ ‎4. What is the text mainly about?‎ A. China’s cashless trend B. The research on mobile payment C. The reasons to use mobile payment D. China’s cashless future ‎ ‎5、Inside a secured room in a beautiful castle near Paris, a small metal cylinder (圆柱体) rests on a shelf beneath a double set of bell jars. It has lain there for more than a century, its rest only occasionally disturbed when the room’s three key holders perform a coordinated opening ceremony to let technicians enter and clean this precious piece of metal. ‎ First, the cylinder is rubbed with a piece of soft, alcohol-soaked cloth. Then it is steamed with pure water. Finally, the 1kg cylinder is returned, carefully, to its resting place.‎ Such attention to a lump of metal is unusual, but has a purpose. The castle houses the International Bureau of Weights and Measures and that piece of shining, circular metal is its holiest relic. It is the defining mass (质量) against which all other kilograms are measured. This is the international prototype, or standard, of the kilogram. The IPK, in short.‎ Dozens of carefully weighted copies of the original have been made. They are stored around the world and used to standardise individual nations, weights and measures systems.‎ But the days of the IPK, in its current form, are numbered. The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has decided to replace this single physical specimen ‎ with a more fundamental measurement - based on electric current - in order to define the mass of an object. The king of kilograms is about to be dethroned.‎ ‎“One key reason for doing this work is to provide international security,” says Bureau spokesman Paul Robinson. “If the castle burned down tomorrow and the kilogram was destroyed, we would have no reference left for the world’s metric weights system. There would be chaos. The current definition of the kilogram is the weight of that cylinder in Paris, after all.”‎ Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more and more precise measurements. “Drug companies will soon be wanting to use ingredients that will have to be measured in terms of a few millionths or even billionths of a gram,” says Robinson. “We need to be prepared to weigh substances with that kind of accuracy.”‎ ‎1. What do we know about the IPK from the first two paragraphs?‎ A. It’s cared for with great devotion.‎ B. It’s used in religious ceremonies.‎ C. It’s beautifully designed and decorated.‎ D. It’s the most valuable metal in the world.‎ ‎2. Which of the following best explains “dethroned” underlined in paragraph 5?‎ A. rebuilt B. removed C. destroyed D. upgraded ‎3. What is a reason for replacing the current IPK?‎ A. To protect the metal cylinder from damage.‎ B. To make taking measurements more economical.‎ C. To provide all countries with the same standard.‎ D. To satisfy the increasing demand for exactness.‎ ‎4. What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. No more kilos B. A heavy technology C. The future of the kilo D. The history of measures ‎6、With smart technology increasingly influencing all aspects of our lives, it is only a matter of time before someone invents “smart” shoes—ones that can be made based on personal needs. Called “ShiftWear”, the sneakers are the brainchild of a team of businessmen, and engineers led by New York-based designer David Coel.‎ The adaptable shoes can be customized by using a smart phone app. Shoe owners will have the option of selecting a design from a variety of HD pattern by famous artists or creating one themselves. The company’s founders imagine a marketplace where artists can not only share but also sell their designs to others. Despite being electronic, the designs are clearly visible even in the brightest sunlight. What’s even cooler is that by switching on a backlight, users can even show off their designs in the dark!‎ According to Coel, the sneakers will keep their charge “forever” if only images are displayed. Though they will need periodic recharging, active users have nothing to worry about. That’s because the shoes are equipped with special walk-n-charge technology that powers the shoes—with every step. Inactive users also have options of charging the sneakers without using wires.‎ The bottom part of the shoes is covered with Kevler fibers, a kind of strong material, reducing normal wear and tear. Even better? They are completely waterproof (not let water through) and can even be thrown into an ordinary laundry machine for a quick wash! The company predicts that the shoes will range the price from $150 to $1000 depending on the size of the E-panels where the designs are displayed.‎ This is not the first time that electronics and shoes have combined. Lithuania-based iShuh Technology has come up with a similar concept that connects e-reader panels to a smart phone app via the Bluetooth. Whether these smart shoes become as popular as our smart devices remains to be seen, though they surely are attractive.‎ ‎1. What can we know about the smart shoes from the text?‎ A. The electronic designs can not be seen clearly at night.‎ B. The designers make sure every pair of sneakers are unique.‎ C. The bottom of the shoes can last longer due to special materials.‎ D. The shoes have to be washed by hand to protect the electronics.‎ ‎2. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?‎ A. How the sneakers are charged.‎ B. How the sneakers can work well.‎ C. What images the sneakers show.‎ D. What technology the sneakers carry.‎ ‎3. The varied prices of the sneakers mainly depend on ________.‎ A. the length of the shoes B. the size of their e-panels C. the designers of the shoes D. the materials of their bottoms ‎4. How does the author feel about the sneakers’ future market?‎ A. Negative. B. Anxious.‎ C. Uncertain. D. Confident.‎ ‎7、    Microsoft has developed a new smartphone app that interprets eye signals and translates them into letters, allowing people with ALS(渐冻症), also known as motor neurone disease, to communicate with others from a phone.‎ ‎    The GazeSpeak app combines a smartphone’s camera with artificial intelligence to recognize eye movements in real time and transform them into letters, words and sentences.‎ ‎    For people suffering from ALS, eye movement can be the only way they are able to communicate.‎ ‎    “Current eye-tracking input systems for people with ALS are expensive, not effective under sunlight, and require frequent re-calibration(再校正) and abundant, relatively stable setups,” said Xiaoyi Zhang, a researcher at Microsoft who developed the technology.‎ ‎    “To mitigate the drawbacks…we created GazeSpeak, an eye-gesture communication system that runs on a smartphone, and is designed to be low-cost, effective, and easy to carry and learn.”‎ ‎    The app is used by the listener by pointing their smartphone at the speaker. A chart that can be stuck to the back of the smartphone is then used by the speaker to determine which eye movements to make in order to communicate.‎ ‎    The chart shows four grids of letters, which each correspond to a different eye movement. By looking up, down, left or right, the speaker selects which grids the letters they want belong to. The artificial intelligence is then able to predict the word or sentence they are trying to say. ‎ ‎    Zhang’s research, Smartphone-Based Gaze Gesture Communication for People with Motor Disabilities, is set to be presented at the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems in May.‎ ‎1.The main purpose of the passage is to _________. A.arouse people’s attention on the shortcomings of Current eye-tracking input systems. B.introduce a new smartphone App for people suffering from ALS to communicate. C.call for people’s awareness of helping people with ALS to communicate successfully. D.compare the current eye-tracking input systems with the new GazeSpeak app. 2.The underlined word “mitigate” in paragraph5 probably means __________________. A.ignore B.accept C.strengthen D.weaken 3.According to the passage, which of the following sentences is TRUE? A.There are many ways to communicate for people suffering from ALS. B.The speaker points their smartphone at the listener when using the app. C.The current eye-tracking input systems for people with ALS need improving. D.The new smartphone app for people with ALS has been put on the market.‎ ‎8、Oceanography has been defined as “The application of all sciences to the study of the sea”.‎ Before the nineteenth century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between. Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to the sea to further his work.‎ For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that question “What is at the bottom of the oceans?” had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. They had to know the depth and profile (起伏形状) of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.‎ It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Ocean. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea.‎ The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs, it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which denied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.‎ Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition, which lasted for four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea. Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a five-volume report, the last volume being published in 1895.‎ ‎1. The proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America made oceanographic studies take on .‎ A. an academic aspect B. a business aspect C. an international aspect D. a military aspect ‎2. The aim of the voyages Maury was responsible for in the 1840s was .‎ A. to conduct some sounding experiments in the oceans B. to calculate the length of cable that was needed C. to measure the depths of the two oceans D. to collect samples of sea plants and animals ‎3. It was that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies.‎ A. the American Navy B. some early intercontinental travelers C. those who earned a living from the sea D. the company which proposed to lay an undersea cable ‎4. This passage is mainly about .‎ A. the beginnings of oceanography B. the laying of the first undersea cable C. the investigation of ocean depths D. the early intercontinental communications ‎9、In the future those who are taking care of old people may get help from the house itself.‎ Over the last few years, new technology, such as the Internet, Wi-Fi and flat TV screens, has changed our homes and the way that we live. Now, another technology revolution is happening. A new project at the University of Hertfordshire wants to create a home that monitors people living in it who are elderly.‎ The researchers have developed a wristband device(装置)which helps us to watch the elderly person who is wearing it. The device collects information to see if the person has fallen or has wandered away from where he or she should be.‎ The assisted-living project is part of the university’s wider Interhome project, which is the development of a smart house. The house remembers the habits of the person who lives there and it uses very low amounts of energy. The Interhome team hope that offering this service will help take care of the elderly. They say, “It’s very important that these technologies are there to help and support and not replace any of the existing services.”‎ The Interhome is not just a research method. It’s also a way for students from different scientific backgrounds to learn and develop technology. The university uses the latest technology to help students get experience by developing new hardware and software themselves. The team includes design, engineering and computer science students working together.‎ ‎“We are working on a smart-home project in Watford with some companies at the moment,” says the project leader. “We are looking at how a smart home can provide even more services.” This could help millions of old people around the world have a better and safer life in the future.‎ ‎1.The wristband device benefits its users by             A.changing the living habits of the elderly B.monitoring people who live in a smart home C.offering information to the person wearing it D.watching over the elderly who may fall or get lost 2.Whom does the University of Hertfordshire have in its research team? A.Students who want to find a job eagerly. B.Students who prefer to work on their own. C.Students from different scientific backgrounds. D.Students with a lot of rich working experience. 3.What is the project leader’s attitude towards the future of the smart home project? A.Uncertain. B.Uninterested. C.Optimistic. D.Disappointed. 4.What might be the main idea of the passage? A.A wristband device has changed the way that we live. B.A smart home helps students develop hardware and software. C.An Interhome project has been put into use to help the elderly. D.An Interhome project will help the old live a better and safer life.‎ ‎10、Once you find water, a major issue remains: Is it pure? Is it drinkable? And if not, how to make it drinkable?‎ You can make a water filter(过滤器)from a cone of birch bark(桦树皮). This cone is then filled with layers of sand, charcoal(木炭), grasses, and other materials. Grasses and sand help to trap suspended particles(悬浮颗粒). Charcoal helps to remove chemical impurities, but not bacteria. You may have to pass the water through the filter more than once, depending on the size of the filter and what it’s made of. Generally speaking, the bigger the filter, and the more layers you have in it, the better.‎ The birch bark cone will need to have a fairly small hole in the bottom. The cone will have to be tied with cordage to keep it from opening up. Put a few stones in the very bottom, to help hold your filtering materials in place. Then pour in layers of charcoal, grasses, sand, and possibly other materials that you feel will help to filter out suspended particles and perhaps even bacteria.‎ Once you have constructed the filter, simply pour impure water through the filer, catching it in another container at the bottom.‎ This is basically the “well” method of obtaining water. Dig a hole about 2-4 feet from a water source, such as a river. Allow the hole to fill with water. The water in the hole will likely be reasonably pure.‎ ‎1.How do we get purer water?‎ A.Bigger filter and less layers. B.Smaller filter and more layers. C.Larger filter and more layers. D.Smaller filter and less layers. 2.Why should we put some stones in the very bottom? A.Killing bacteria B.Removing chemicals. C.Blocking water D.Keeping the materials balanced. 3.What does a water filter look ‎ like? A. B. C. D. 4.The text is mainly intended to present a method of_____ . A.absorbing water B.cleaning water C.finding water D.boiling water ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案以及解析 ‎1、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.B; 4.A 解析：‎ ‎1.推理判断题。由第一段第一句The future of Australia’s solar industry has looked bright since 3.5m panels(嵌板) were installed on rooftops last year, giving the equal output of a medium-sized coal-fired power station.可知,澳大利亚的太阳能产业前途光明。promising有前途的,符合题意。risky有风险的,unpredictable无法预测的,in ‎ expectation在预料之中,均不符合题意。故选B。 2.细节理解题。由文章第二段可知,澳大利亚的太阳能产业的发展是因为安装太阳能系统的价格持续下降。故选D。 3.词义猜测题。根据此短语的后一句It looks like 2018 will be another big year for the solar industry.可知,2018年对于太阳能产业来说又是一个好年头。所以,这个短语的意思是“日益强大”, 这表明澳大利业的太阳能产业正在迅速发展。故选B。 4.细节理解题。由文章第四段中的“Our data shows consumers are embracing renewable energy to take control of their electricity bills to reduce pollution.” 可知,我们的数据表明消费者乐意接受可再生能源来控制他们的电费,从而减少污染。所以A项正确。providing enough energy提供足够的能源, lowering electricity bills 降低电费,simplifying installed equipment简化安装设备,均不符合题意。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.A; 2.A; 3.D; 4.B 解析： 略 ‎ ‎ ‎3、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.A; 4.C 解析： 1.细节理解题。由第—段中的turn their used forks and knives into tools and satellite parts 以及第三段中的put waste items made of plastic可知,C项符合题意。 2.细节理解题。由第五段中的and replacement wipes must be sent up to the ISS on cargo missions 可知,新的补给品需要经过太空飞行才能从地球运送至太空站,因此D项符合题意。 3.推理判断题。根据前四段可知,这项技术可帮助宇航员把垃圾转变成工具和卫星零件。故选A项。 4.由倒数第二段第三句These benefits will be even more important for longer missions in the future—such as the two-year journey to Mars.可知,这项技术对于更长时间的太空飞行而言更加重要,即能够为探索太空提供更多条件,故C项正确。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4、答案及解析：‎ 答案：DBAA 解析： ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 解析： 【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段It has lain there for more than a century, its rest only occasionally disturbed when the room’s three key holders perform a coordinated opening ceremony to let technicians enter and clean this precious piece of metal.可知，圆柱体被放置在那里差不多一个世纪了，只有当技术人员进入开门的时候，才受到影响，可知这个圆柱体受到极大的保护，故选A。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第四段The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has decided to replace this single physical specimen with a more fundamental measurement - based on electric current - in order to define the mass of an object.可知，国际度量衡局决定将用一个更基础的测量方式来替代这个单一的物理模型，新的测量方式以电流为基础，这可以更好定义一个物体的质量，因而可知，这个仪器将要退役，故选B。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more and more precise measurements.可知，替换现有的IPK是因为越来越精确测量的需求，故选D。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述现有的IPK将要被新的模型替代，以及替代的原因，故选C。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 解析： 【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段The adaptable shoes can be customized by using a smart phone app. Shoe owners will have the option of selecting a design from a variety of HD pattern by famous artists or creating one themselves.可知，智能鞋可以通过软件来定制，可以选择一个款式或者自己设计，每一款鞋都是不一样的，故选C。‎ ‎【2题详解】段落大意题。本段主要讲述智能鞋动力的问题，只要穿着智能鞋行走就可以充电，故选A.‎ ‎【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The company predicts that the shoes will range the price from $150 to $1000 depending on the size of the E-panels where the designs are displayed.可知，价格不同的原因是用于展示设计的电子展示板的尺寸不一样，故选B。‎ ‎【4题详解】作者态度题。根据最后一段Whether these smart shoes become as popular as our smart devices remains to be seen, though they surely are attractive.可知，尽管很有吸引力，但能否像智能手机那么流行仍待观察，故可知作者对此态度不确定的，故选C。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎7、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.C 解析：略 ‎ ‎ ‎8、答案及解析：‎ 答案：BCDA 解析： 略 ‎ ‎ ‎9、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.C; 4.D 解析：略 ‎ ‎ ‎10、答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.A; 4.B 解析：略 ‎ ‎