2021届湖北省襄阳市五校（宜城一中、枣阳一中、襄州一中、曾都一中、南漳一中）高三上学期期中考试英语试题（教师版含解析）

2021届湖北省襄阳市五校（宜城一中、枣阳一中、襄州一中、曾都一中、南漳一中）高三上学期期中考试英语试题（教师版含解析）

宜城一中 枣阳一中 襄州一中 曾都一中 2020—2021 学年上学期高三期中考试英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.15. C. ￡9.18. 答案是 B。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where did the man put the woman’s bike? A. In a garage. B. In a backyard. C. Under a street lamp. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Karl, where did you place my bike? I can’t find it. M: Oh, I put it under a street lamp, the one beside our backyard. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Which floor is the Committee Room on? A. The second floor. B. The third floor. C. The fourth floor. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Oh, sorry. I must have the wrong room. M: Which room do you want? W: The Committee Room. I thought it was here on the third floor. M: It’s on the fourth floor and, anyway, you are lost, this is the second floor. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the man feel about the article in the end? A. Satisfied. B. Bored. C. Annoyed. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: The article in this morning’s paper made me angry! M: I felt the same way when I first read it, but the more I thought about it, the more I agreed with it. It’s an excellent article. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a teaching building. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Welcome. What kind of book would you like? M: Something about history. W: They’re over there. All the books are on sale this week. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the man call the woman? A. To ask for a sick leave. B. To ask about English classes. C. To discuss tomorrow’s schedule. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello. English Language Center. M: Hello, Sarah. This is Jacob. I have a bad cold. Could I take today off? I think I’ll be ready for tomorrow. W: Sure. We’ll see if we can get another teacher to cover your classes. 第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选中选 出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每 小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. How will the woman send the package? A. By air. B. By sea. C. By express mail. 7. How much should the woman pay? A. £20. B. £23. C. £26. 【答案】6. C 7. B 【解析】 【原文】【W: Excuse me. I’d like to have the package and the letter posted. M: Would you like to mail by air or by sea W: How long will it take to mail things to the U.S. by air? M: About 10 days. You can send it by express mail if you need it faster. It will only take three or four days. W: Then, express mail for the package. It’s urgent. The faster, the better. And the letter by registered mail. M: OK. The package is 3 kilograms. That’ll be £20 for postage. W: Yes. And the letter? M: Registered. That is £3. So you should give me £23. W: Here you go. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What problem does the woman have? A. She’s lost. B. Her shoes are broken. C. Her feet are uncomfortable. 9. Why did the speakers come to the city? A. To make a tour. B. To buy some shoes. C. To attend a meeting. 【答案】8. C 9. C 【解析】 【原文】W: I really shouldn’t have worn high heels today. M: No kidding. Who knew we’d all be on a walking tour of the city before the meeting? W: Maybe they think it’s the first time we’ve come to the city, so they arranged it. I remember seeing a shoe store just around the corner from here. Do you think we have enough time to stop by? I honestly won’t be able to walk back unless I get some relief for my feet. M: It should be fine. We can get you some shoes and then eat a quick lunch at the fast food restaurant. We’re almost back at the meeting center anyway. W: OK. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Why does the man want to get a summer job? A. To save for a trip. B. To pay his brother back. C. To save money for a course. 11. How will the woman get money? A. By asking her parents. B. By doing a part-time job. C. By borrowing from her brother. 12. What does the man decide to do in the end? A. Study in Spain. B. Get a job in Portugal. C. Go to Latin America with the woman. 【答案】10. A 11. C 12. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Do you have any plans during this summer? M: Well, I want to get a summer job. I’d like to save money for a vacation. W: Really? Where would you like to go? M: I’d love to travel to Latin America. What about you, Melissa? W: Well, I’m not going to get a job right away. First, I want to go to Spain and Portugal. M: Sounds great, but how are you going to pay for it? W: I know I can’t ask my parents for money any more, so I’ll borrow some money from my brother. I have a good excuse. I plan to take courses in Spanish and Portuguese. M: Oh, I’m tired of studying! W: So am I. But I also hope to take people on tours to Latin America. Why don’t you come on my first tour? M: Count me in! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What are the speakers discussing? A. How to form clouds. B. How to present their research. C. How to explain different types of clouds. 14. Why does the man suggest having small cards? A. To organize all the research. B. To remind him of what to say. C. To make the presentation more interesting. 15. What will the man do? A. Prepare the cards. B. Make the presentation slides. C. Look for pictures of clouds online. 16. What part will the woman do? A. The low-level clouds part. B. The medium-level clouds part. C. The high-level clouds part. 【答案】13. B 14. B 15. C 16. B 【解析】 【原文】W: OK, we’ve got all our cloud research so let’s decide how to organize it. M: We should probably start by saying how clouds are formed, and then move on to the different types of clouds. We can separate them into low-level, medium-level and high clouds. W: Great, and we should also make a PowerPoint to make the presentation more interesting. M: Right. We should have small cards, too. I’m useless at remembering what to say without them. W: Me too. Well, I’m quite happy to organize everything we’ve found out about clouds and make sure it fits into our presentation times. M: Actually, I’d better do that. How about if you make the presentation slides? W: OK. M: Then I’ll also look on the Internet for pictures of different types of clouds. W: That’ll be great. I’ll prepare the cards so we don’t forget what we’re saying. M: Sounds great. What section do you want to talk about? W: I hate speaking in front of people so I’d prefer not to do the introduction. M: I’ll do that. If you don’t want to talk much, then why don’t you just do the middle bit about the medium-level clouds? W: That’s OK. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What problem will the motorway bring to the village? A. Fewer villagers will live there. B. The well-known beauty spot will be destroyed. C. Children will find it hard to go to the Streeve Beach. 18. What will be built on farmland? A. Houses. B. A steel factory. C. A swimming pool. 19. Where will the high-tech park be built? A. In the south of the village. B. In the north of the village. C. In the west of the village. 20. What is most villagers’ attitude towards the government plans? A. Fully satisfied. B. Rather worried. C. Quite unexpected. 【答案】17. C 18. A 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【原文】M: And now for our main headlines on Southern Local News for today. First of all, the report about the government plans on developments around the village of Tartlesbury was published this morning. The new motorway will pass along the north side of the village. It will cross the River Teeme from the well-known beauty spot, Streeve Beach, to the north-east of the village. The motorway will cut the village off from the Streeve Beach, where many children play. But that is not the end of it. There are also plans to build a thousand houses on farmland west of the village. And on top of that is the plan to build a high-tech park for new technology companies. It will be built in the south of the village, where the old steel factory used to be. A new center with a swimming pool and a large supermarket are also planned next to the park. And, as has been expected, the plans have created quite a lot of interest. Not all people are for them. Mr. Khan, a local shopkeeper said, “Most of us in the village are absolutely concerned about what is being planned here. This is just a chance for some people to make money quickly. Of course, we welcome the jobs that the new technology park will bring, but we feel more worried that the large increase in housing and the planned motorway will destroy the character of the area.” I think this is a debate that is going to run on for quite some time and we here on Local News will keep you informed. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Four things that you can’t miss in Macao Macao Tower AJ Hackett Bungee Jump The Macao Tower, 338 meters is the world’s 10th highest tower, with a variety of activities, such as gambling, eating and entertainment. One of the acclaimed activities is the bungee jump. The AJ Hackett Macao Tower Bungee Jump is 233 meters high, making it the highest commercial bungee jump in the world. Raise your arms and off you go! If you are not daring enough to jump that height, you can try the skywalk on the 57th floor —it’s still remarkable. Grabbing a traditional Portuguese dinner Macao was colonized by Portugal before 1999. As a result, Portuguese culture is deeply immersed into many comers of Macao. Many Portuguese settled and opened Portuguese restaurants in the special administrative region, but the flavor is more adaptable to Chinese people. Marking at the Ruins of St Paul The Ruins of St. Paul is the significant landmark of Macao. The ruins consist of the St. Paul’s College and the Church of St Paul, built in 1583. However, after three intense fires in 1595, 1601 and 1835, the church was seriously damaged. It is beyond belief that after the vigorous cycles of rebuilding and fires, the huge surface and the front stairway remain unburned. Visiting a museum Macao, as a tiny city with only an area of 30.5 square kilometers, has 23 eye-catching museums. Due to its unique history, both eastern and western historical sites can be found. Many of them are preserved for cultural heritage, tourist spots or museum, such as the Grand Prix Museum, Maritime Museum and Wine Museum. 21. Which activity probably interests John, an adventure lover, when he visits Macao? A. Visiting a museum. B. Going Bungee Jumping. C. Marking at the Ruins of St Paul. D. Grabbing a traditional Portuguese dinner. 22. What do “Grabbing a traditional Portuguese dinner” and “Visiting a museum” have in common? A. Taking a selfie in it. B. Finding historical sites C. Enjoying a breathtaking experience. D. Feeling both eastern and western cultures. 23. What can we learn from the text? A. Macao Tower is the world’s highest tower. B. The Portuguese restaurants’ food in Macao is more suitable for Chinese. C. After three big fires, the Church of St Paul was completely destroyed. D. Many historical sites in Macao are not well protected. 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了去澳门游玩时不可错过的四件事。 【21 题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段中的“The AJ Hackett Macao Tower Bungee Jump is 233 meters high, making it the highest commercial bungee jump in the world. Raise your arms and off you go!”(AJ Hackett 澳门塔蹦极跳高 233 米，是世界上最高的商业蹦极。)，可知喜欢冒险的人，可能会对去蹦极感兴趣。故选 B 项。 【22 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 由 第 二 段 中 的 “As a result, Portuguese culture is deeply immersed into many comers of Macao.”(因此，葡萄牙文化深深地融入了澳门的许多角落。)和第四段中的“Due to its unique history, both eastern and western historical sites can be found.”(由于其独特的历史，东西方历史遗址皆有。)，可知 Grabbing a traditional Portuguese dinner 和 Visiting a museum 的共同之处在于人们能感受东西方文化。故选 D 项。 【23 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 由 第 二 段 中 的 “Many Portuguese settled and opened Portuguese restaurants in the special administrative region, but the flavor is more adaptable to Chinese people.”(许多葡萄牙人在特别行政区定居并 开设葡萄牙餐馆，但其风味更适合中国人。)，可知澳门的葡萄牙餐馆的食物更适合中国人。故选 B 项。 B I just counted how many foreign languages: it’s been twelve! I always follow my interests and find ways to put my language learning into things I’m already interested in. I like to read blogs in other languages. I found them the perfect learning tool because they’re usually written in oral language, so I don’t have to worry much about adopting strange terms that are only used in writing. Movies are also a really good tool, especially if you can find subtitles in the language you’re learning. Though they don’t always exactly match what’s being said, they will still keep your brain listening and reading in the same language. Music is another way to start listening to things in your new language. Personally, this doesn’t really work for me, but I have friends who learn a language through lyrics. Games are also an excellent way of studying a new language. A lot of language learning computer programs include games. I’m super competitive and if I play any of them, I can be hooked for hours. When the initial excitement of learning a new language begins to fade, it can be hard to stick with it. Ideally I will sign up to take a big language exam because then I’ll have to keep studying, and work to master the details that seem unimportant enough in everyday usage that I tend to just ignore them. Each time I start getting complacent, it’s time to take a new course or sign up for online lessons, or take up some sort of challenge that will require me to level up my skills. I also try to think in the language I’m learning. The best language class I’ve ever taken was my beginner’s Russian course at university where my professor never used any English. It got to the point where I would kind of just forget about English while in Russian class, which helped me to really immerse myself in the Russian language and do a lot with the limited Russian I had. 24. Why are blogs perfect learning tool according to the author? A. Because they only use oral language. B. Because they don’t use professional terms. C. Because they often use several languages. D. Because their language is usually informal. 25. What will author do if he loses passion when learning a new language? A. Take an exam. B. Stick with it. C. Sign up for online lessons. D. Choose a new course. 26. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “complacent ” in paragraph 4? A. bored B. discouraged C. self-satisfied D. self-disciplined 27. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To call on readers to learn new languages. B. To share personal language learning tips. C. To recommend some blogs and movies to language learners. D. To help deal with common problems in learning new languages. 【答案】24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者学习语言的方法。 【24 题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段中的“I found them the perfect learning tool because they’re usually written in oral language, so I don’t have to worry much about adopting strange terms that are only used in writing.”可知，我发现 它们是完美的学习工具，因为它们通常是用口头语言写的，所以我不必太担心采用那些只在写作中使用的 奇怪术语。由此可知，博客通常是用口头语言写的，是非正式语体，所以博客是完美的学习工具是因为博 客语言通常是非正式的。故选 D 项。 【25 题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段中的“Ideally I will sign up to take a big language exam because then I’ll have to keep studying, and work to master the details that seem unimportant enough in everyday usage that I tend to just ignore them.”可知，理想的情况下，我会报名参加一个大型的语言考试，因为那样我就得继续学习，努力掌握那 些在日常生活中似乎不太重要的细节，而我往往忽略了这些细节。由此可知，如果作者在学习一门新语言 时失去了激情，他会参加考试。故选 A 项。 【26 题详解】 词义猜测题。由第四段中的“it’s time to take a new course or sign up for online lessons, or take up some sort of challenge that will require me to level up my skills.”可知，是时候去上一门新课程，或者报名参加在线课程， 或者接受一些需要我提高技能的挑战。由此可知，作者觉得要去上新课或接受一些需要自己提高技能的挑 战等，是因为作者觉得自己学的不错、自满了，才需要进一步去提升，complacent 在此处意为“自满”。故 选 C 项。 【27 题详解】 推理判断题。第一段讲“作者学的语言数量”，第二段讲“作者通过博客学习语言”，第三段讲“作者通 过电影、音乐和游戏学习语言”，第四段讲“语言学习兴趣消退后，作者通过考试激励自己继续学习”， 最后一段讲“作者用自己所学语言去思考来学习语言”。由此可知，本文主要讲作者学习语言的方法，文 章目的在于与读者分享个人语言学习技巧。故选 B 项。 C It has been four years since the Flashfood App was set to hit Canadian grocery stores and make it easier for shoppers to buy soon-to-expiry (保质期) food at a discount. Much to my delight, I heard it advertised recently on a radio station and figured it’s time for an update, especially since people became more aware of food waste’s role in the climate crisis. The first thing I did was download the App. I hadn’t done it before because it was limited to a few locations, but now it’s all over Canada. I could see immediately that many brands of yogurt are all marked down 50 percent. Users pay for the food using the App, and then pick it up at a marked location in the store. There is no need for you to worry about them actually being bad. It makes sense for retailers to get behind this App because it offers a win-win situation for everyone involved. Flashfood sells 75% of the products made available through its App while saving consumers an average of 50% on those grocery items, and it has 300 000 active users right now. That number is expected to grow naturally as Flashfood partners with more grocers. “As a food retailer, we are in the business of providing food, not wasting it. The Flashfood program allows us to provide our customers with a convenient and environmentally sustainable (可持续的) way to purchase food. Loblaw sells 77% of the items it puts on Flashfood, moving an average of ＄800 to ＄1000 worth of goods weekly at each of its largest stores,” said Gord Chem, senior VP with Loblaw’s Real Canadian Superstores. I love looking for discount deals at the grocery store and always keep an eye out for the hot pink clearance stickers. But it’s always random, and I never know what I’m going to get from week to week. The appeal of Flashfood is that I can see what’s available, pre-purchase it, and leave it off my shopping list. 28. What can we know about the food on the Flashfood? A. It’s delivered directly to the customers. B. Users can pay for it in the marked store. C. Much of it is charged at half the price. D. It’ll be a month away before it goes bad. 29. According to Gord Chem, the Flashfood is ________. A. reliable B. doubtful C. creative D. beneficial 30. How is the advantage of Flashfood introduced in the last paragraph? A. By making a comparison. B. By listing some examples. C. By explaining the cause. D. By introducing the result. 31. What is the main idea of the text? A. Customers can buy much cheaper food on a recent app. B. Canadians have a smart approach to reducing food waste. C. A win-win situation has been set for Canadians involved. D. Canadians adopt a new way of protecting the environment. 【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加拿大最近流行的应用程序 Flashfood，该程序对临期食品进行打折售卖， 从而有效地减少了食物浪费。 【28 题详解】 细节理解题。从第二段第三句“I could see immediately that many brands of yogurt are all marked down 50 percent.” 我马上就能看到很多品牌的酸奶都打了五折。可知，我可以立刻看到许多品牌的酸奶都降价了 50%。以及第三段“ Flashfood sells 75% of the products made available through its App while saving consumers an average of 50% on those grocery items, and it has 300 000 active users right now.”可知，Flashfood 通过其应 用程序销售 75%的产品，在这些杂货商品上为消费者平均节省 50%的费用，目前它拥有 30 万活跃用户。由 此可知，Flashfood 上许多品牌的食物都标价打五折。故选 C。 【29 题详解】 推理判断题。从第四段中“The Flashfood program allows us to provide our customers with a convenient and environmentally sustainable (可持续的) way to purchase food. Loblaw sells 77% of the items it puts on Flashfood, moving an average of ＄800 to ＄1000 worth of goods weekly at each of its largest stores”可知，Flashfood 计划 使我们能够为我们的客户提供一个方便的和环境可持续的方式来购买食物。Loblaw 在 Flashfood 上销售了 77%的商品，在其最大的每家门店，每周平均卖出价值 800 至 1000 美元的商品，他认为 Flashfood 给顾客提 供了方便，并且提升了商店的销售量。由此推知，他认为 Flashfood 是一款非常有利可图的应用程序。故选 D。 【30 题详解】 推理判断题。从最后一段“love looking for discount deals at the grocery store and always keep an eye out for the hot pink clearance stickers. But it’s always random, and I never know what I’m going to get from week to week. The appeal of Flashfood is that I can see what’s available, pre-purchase it, and leave it off my shopping list.”可 知，喜欢在杂货店寻找打折的商品，经常留意那些粉红色的清仓贴纸。但它总是随机的，我从来不知道一 周又一周我会得到什么。Flashfood 的吸引力在于，我可以看到有哪些产品，预先购买，然后把它从我的购 物清单上删除。可知，作者喜欢在杂货店里购买打折商品，但在 Flashfood 上选购食物更方便。由此推知， 作者采用了对比的方法来描写 Flashfood 的优点。故选 A 。 【31 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段(主题段)“It has been four years since the Flashfood App was set to hit Canadian grocery stores and make it easier for shoppers to buy soon-to-expiry (保质期) food at a discount. Much to my delight, I heard it advertised recently on a radio station and figured it’s time for an update, especially since people became more aware of food waste’s role in the climate crisis.”可知，自从这款名为 Flashfood 的应用程序登陆 加拿大的杂货店，让购物者更容易打折购买即将过期的食品，至今已有四年时间。令我高兴的是，我最近 在一家广播电台听到了这则广告，觉得是时候更新了，尤其是现在人们越来越意识到食物浪费在气候危机 中的作用；及通读全文可知，本文介绍了加拿大最近推行的一款有益的应用程序 Flashfood，该程序对临期 食品进行打折售卖，从而有效地减少了食物浪费。B 项(加拿大人有一个减少食物浪费的聪明方法)最能概 括本文大意。故选 B。 D Inflammation (炎症) is the body’s defense mechanism. You might have experienced it if you sustained physical injuries or had an infection, like the flu, which causes a sore throat. Inflammation can occur in any organ, but it is most common and easy to see in the skin. You will notice redness, heat and swelling. Usually this is a good thing, as it shows you have a healthy immune system that can kill pathogens (病原体) and repair damage. However, inflammation can be a double-edged sword as in some people it can target the body’s healthy cells, causing what is called an autoimmune disease. Given this danger, a new study from Cambridge University, UK, has been looking into brain conditions that are not usually linked to autoimmune diseases. The study found that inflammation of the brain — known as neuroinflammation (神经炎症) — has been linked to several forms of dementia (痴呆). In this new study, researchers scanned the brains of 31 volunteers with three different types of dementia. The first scan was to highlight neuroinflammation, and a second scan illuminated (阐明) poisonous proteins that are linked with dementia. The team also examined 12 post-mortem (after death) brains. These experiments showed similar patterns of poisonous protein build-up and neuroinflammation, suggesting a relationship between inflammation and dementia. “Even we were surprised by how tightly these two problems mapped on to each other. Now, the big question is what role this neuroinflammation plays in the decline of the mind associated with dementia,” said Thomas Cope, one of the authors of the study. Another of the study’s researchers, James Rowe, highlighted the importance of further research. He said the frequent presence of inflammation in neurodegenerative (神经退化的) diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, “offers hope that immune-based treatments might help slow or prevent these conditions”. 32. Why is inflammation usually a good thing? A. It can defend our body against infection. B. It allows injuries to heal themselves. C. It gives long-term protection to healthy cells. D. It is a reflection of a healthy immune system. 33. What did the study from Cambridge University find? A. Neuroinflammation leads to dementia. B. Increased poisonous proteins in the brain cause dementia. C. There are links between neuroinflammation and dementia. D. Poisonous protein build-up and neuroinflammation have different patterns. 34. What is still unknown according to Thomas Cope? A. Why neuroinflammation is connected with dementia. B. How the decline of the mind is associated with dementia. C. How to prevent neuroinflammation from developing into dementia. D. To what extent neuroinflammation and dementia are linked with each other. 35. What can be inferred from James Rowe’s words? A. Inflammation is one of the causes of neuroinflammation. B. Immune-based treatments would be the best cure for dementia. C. Research on neuroinflammation could help treat neurodegenerative diseases. D. Further research will focus on methods of cutting poisonous proteins in the brain. 【答案】32. D 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项新发现，对神经炎症的研究有助于治疗神经退行性疾病。 【32 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Usually this is a good thing, as it shows you have a healthy immune system that can kill pathogens (病原体) and repair damage.”可知，通常这是件好事，因为这表明你有一个健康的免疫系 统，可以杀死病原体并修复损伤。由此可知，炎症通常是一件好事，因为它反映了健康的免疫系统。故选 D。 【33 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The study found that inflammation of the brain — known as neuroinflammation (神经炎症) — has been linked to several forms of dementia (痴呆).”可知，研究发现，大脑的炎症——也被称 为神经炎症——与多种形式的痴呆症有关。由此可知，剑桥大学的这项研究发现，神经炎症和痴呆之间存 在联系。故选 C。 【34 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Even we were surprised by how tightly these two problems mapped on to each other. Now, the big question is what role this neuroinflammation plays in the decline of the mind associated with dementia,” said Thomas Cope, one of the authors of the study.”可知，“甚至连我们都惊讶于这两个问题如何紧 密地联系在一起。现在，最大的问题是这种神经炎症在痴呆症患者的智力衰退中扮演了什么角色，”该研 究的作者之一 Thomas Cope 说。由此可知，Thomas Cope 认为，我们依然不知道神经炎症和痴呆在多大程 度上是相互联系的。故选 D。 【35 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“He said the frequent presence of inflammation in neurodegenerative (神经退化的) diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, “offers hope that immune-based treatments might help slow or prevent these conditions”.”可知，James Rowe 说，神经退行性疾病，包括阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森 氏症，经常出现炎症，这给基于免疫的治疗带来了希望，可能有助于减缓或预防这些疾病。由此推知，James Rowe 认为对神经炎症的研究有助于治疗神经退行性疾病。故选 C。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 An endangered species is a group of animals that could soon become extinct. ___36___ Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear off the face of the earth very soon if we don’t do anything to save them. There are many reasons why species become endangered. Habitat destruction is the main reason why animals become endangered and this happens in two ways. When humans move into a new area, the animals’ habitat is destroyed and there is nowhere for them to live and nothing to eat because humans chop down trees and build houses and farms. ___37___ Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms cause the destruction of animals’ homes and food supplies. ___38___ Animals have been brought to the edge of extinction because they are killed for their highly-valued meat, fur, bones or skin, or just for sport. Overfishing has resulted in many large sea creatures like whales and sharks becoming endangered species. So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species? We should take care not to pollute natural areas, and farmers or companies who destroy animal habitats should face severe financial penalties. ___39___ Governments can help, too, by making it against the law to hunt, fish or trade in endangered species. ___40___ A. Animal habitats are also destroyed because of pollution. B. Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing. C. Eventually, all the creatures on Earth will enjoy being together. D. Recent changes, however, have helped to improve the situation. E. The public can help out by refusing to buy any products made from these animals’body parts. F. Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more. G. If we all cooperate and take these steps, we will protect these animals for future generations. 【答案】36. F 37. A 38. B 39. E 40. G 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了导致濒危物种的几点原因以及个人和政府为了保护濒危物种可以采取哪 些措施。 【36 题详解】 分 析 第 一 段 内 容 ， 结 合 空 格 前 句 “An endangered species is a group of animals that could soon become extinct.(濒危物种是一种很快就会灭绝的动物)”可知，第一段主要讲述了到底什么是濒危物种。F 项 “Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more.”意为“当物种中的最 后一个消失了，再也没有这个物种了，灭绝就发生了。”选项能够承接上文，介绍了物种的灭绝是如何发 生的。故选 F。 【37 题详解】 根据段首句“Habitat destruction is the main reason why animals become endangered and this happens in two ways.”可知，本段主要介绍的是动物栖息地被破坏的两种原因。空格后句“Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms cause the destruction of animals’ homes and food supplies.”意为“河流中的化学物质和农场中的毒物会 破坏动物的家园和食物供应”。A 项“Animal habitats are also destroyed because of pollution.”意为“动物栖 息地也因污染而遭到破坏。”能够引起下文，讲的是污染对动物栖息地的破坏。故选 A。 【38 题详解】 空格句为本段主旨句。分析段落内容“Animals have been brought to the edge of extinction because they are killed for their highly-valued meat, fur, bones or skin, or just for sport. Overfishing has resulted in many large sea creatures like whales and sharks becoming endangered species.(动物之所以濒临灭绝，是因为它们的肉、毛、骨 或皮，或者仅仅是为了运动而被杀。过度捕捞已导致许多大型海洋生物，如鲸鱼和鲨鱼成为濒危物种。)” 可知，本段主要讲的是人类的过度捕杀是造成濒危物种的原因之一。B 项“Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing.”意为“濒危物种也是狩猎和捕鱼的结果。”能够概括段落主旨。故选 B。 【39 题详解】 根据空前“So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species? We should take care not to pollute natural areas, and farmers or companies who destroy animal habitats should face severe financial penalties. (那么个人和政府能做些什么来保护濒危物种呢?我们应该注意不要污染自然区域，破坏动物栖息地的农民 或公司应该面临严厉的经济处罚。)”可知，空处主要讲述如何保护濒危动物；结合选项可知，选项 E. The public can help out by refusing to buy any products made from these animals’ body parts.( 公众可以通过拒绝购 买任何由这些动物的身体部位制成的产品来帮助解决这个问题。)承接上一句，符合题意。故选 E。 【40 题详解】 空格位于段落的最后一句，由本段主旨句“So what can individuals and governments do to protect endangered species?”可知，本段讲述的是个人和政府为了保护濒危物种可以采取哪些措施。G 项“If we all cooperate and take these steps, we will protect these animals for future generations.”意为“如果我们大家合作并采取这些措 施，我们将为后代保护这些动物。”选项内容符合段落主旨，表示如果我们采取这些措施，会带来什么样 的成果。故选 G。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 For many years, I had a recurring (重复出现的) dream. I was a little girl again, rushing about, trying to get ready for school. Deep inside I knew where the ___41___came from. It was about some unfinished business in my life. As a kid, I loved everything about school. But at 15, I had to___42___because my parents couldn’t afford tuition. My hope of getting a diploma was ___43___. Pretty soon, I married and had three children. I wanted my children to be ___44___. But Linda, our youngest child, had juvenile arthritis (幼年型关节炎) in her hands and knees, which made it___45___for her to function in a normal classroom. I felt really sorry for her and I didn’t want her to live her life ___46___regret. One day, I saw an ad for evening courses. “That’s the answer,” I said to myself. Linda always feels ___47___in the evening, so I’ll just ___48___ her up for night school. Linda was busy___49___out enrollment (入学) forms when the secretary said: “Mrs. Schantz, why don’t you come back to ___50___?” I laughed: “There’s no ___51___! I’m 55!” But he persisted, and ___52___I knew what I had done, I was enrolled for classes in English and crafts. Anyway, my dream was still there in my heart. It was exciting to go to school again but it was no game. When I was down, Linda encouraged me. “Mom, you can’t ___53___now!” At last, I got my diploma. The unfinished___54___ in my dreams was ___55___ finished. 41. A. purpose B. ambition C. dream D. intelligence 42. A. check out B. drop out C. bring out D. turn out 43. A. affordable B. optional C. dead D. reasonable 44. A. educated B. separated C. examined D. employed 45. A. ridiculous B. reliable C. practical D. impossible 46. A. for B. with C. to D. on 47. A. better B. bitterer C. worse D. quieter 48. A. pick B. stay C. bring D. sign 49. A. leaving B. figuring C. handing D. filling 50. A. match B. game C. school D. course 51. A. way B. wonder C. good D. problem 52. A. since B. until C. after D. before 53. A. play B. give C. quit D. hold 54. A. journey B. business C. promise D. knowledge 55. A. extremely B. eventually C. hardly D. occasionally 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. D 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. C 54. B 55. B 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者因为童年辍学一直做关于上学的梦，后来有了自己的孩子，在给小女儿 报夜校的时候，自己也重返学校，在女儿的鼓励下，最终拿到文凭的故事。 【41 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我内心深处，我知道这个梦缘起何处。A. purpose 目的；B. ambition 抱负；C. dream 梦；D. intelligence 智力。根据上文 For many years, I had a recurring (重复出现的) dream，可知这里说 的是这个梦从何而来，故选 C。 【42 题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：但在我 15 岁的时候，因为父母付不起学费，我不得不辍学。A. check out 结账； B. drop out 辍学；C. bring out 出版；D. turn out 证明。根据下文因为父母付不起学费，可知这里应该是辍学， 故选 B。 【43 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我获得文凭的希望破灭了。A. affordable 买得起的；B. optional 可选择的；C. dead 死的；D. reasonable 合理的。根据上文我辍学了，这里应该是我获得文凭的希望破灭了，dead 在这里意为“破 灭的”，故选 C。 【44 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的孩子们受到教育。A. educated 教育；B. separated 分离；C. examined 检查；D. employed 雇佣。根据上文我获得文凭的希望破灭了，可知这里应该是希望孩子受到教育，故选 A。 【45 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是琳达，我们最小的孩子，在她的手和膝盖患有幼年关节炎，这使她不可 能在一个正常的教室活动。A. ridiculous 荒唐的；B. reliable 可信赖的；C. practical 实际的；D. impossible 不 可能的。根据上文在她的手和膝盖患有幼年关节炎，可知是不可能在正常的教室活动，故选 D。 【46 题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：我真的为她感到难过，我不希望她的生活充满遗憾。A. for 为；B. with 带有；C. to 对于；D. on 在……上。根据语境应该是我不希望她的生活充满遗憾，带有遗憾这里更符合语境，故选 B。 【47 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：琳达总是晚上感觉更好，所以我就帮她报夜校。A. better 更好的；B. bitterer 更苦的；C. worse 更坏的；D. quieter 更安静的。根据下文的帮她报夜校，可知是晚上感觉更好。故选 A。 【48 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. pick 挑选；B. stay 呆；C. bring 带来；D. sign 签名。根据上文琳达总是晚 上感觉更好，所以我帮她报名夜校，sign up 为固定短语，意为“报名”，故选 D。 【49 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：琳达正忙着填写登记表，这时秘书说：“Schantz 太太，你为什么不回学校来?”A. leaving 离开；B. figuring 计算；C. handing 递交；D. filling 填写。根据下文的登记表，可知是填写，故选 D。 【50 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. match 比赛；B. game 游戏；C. school 学校；D. course 课程。根据上文是 我给琳达报名夜校，可知是劝我回到学校，故选 C。 【51 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我笑着说：“不可能!我 55 岁了!”A. way 方式，方法；B. wonder 奇迹；C. good 好处；D. problem 问题。根据上文那个秘书让我重新回学校，我回答的是不可能，因为我觉得自己年龄大了， no way，意为“不可能”，故选 A。 【52 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：但他坚持，在我知道我做了什么之前，我报名了英语和手工课。A. since 自从； B. until 直到；C. after 在…之后；D. before 在…之前。分析句子可知，我报名了英语和手工课是在我知道自 己取得成就(拿到文凭)之前做的事情。故选 D。 【53 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我沮丧时，琳达鼓励我。“妈妈，你现在不能放弃!”A. play 玩；B. give 给； C. quit 放弃；D. hold 握住。根据上文我沮丧时，琳达鼓励我，可知这里是不能放弃，故选 C。 【54 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我梦中未完成的事终于完成了。A. journey 旅程；B. business 事情；C. promise 允诺；D. knowledge 知识。根据上文，我最后拿到了我的文凭，所以应该是未完成的事终于完成了。故选 B。 【55 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. extremely 非常；B. eventually 终于；C. hardly 几乎不；D. occasionally 偶 然地。根据语境可知，我最后拿到了文凭，故选 B。 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This year’s National Day holiday was a special one, as it not only coincided with the Mid-Autumn Festival, but it also was the _____56_____ (one) vacation after the country brought the COVID-19 pandemic _____57_____ control. For people in Wuhan, who _____58_____ (experience) a total lockdown of the city during the Spring Festival holiday due to disease prevention restrictions, this eight-day holiday was of particular _____59_____(significant). It was before the holiday _____60_____ a flash mob performance was staged at Wuhan’s train station. Participants included students, teachers, station workers, doctors, journalists and folk artists,___61___ gathered at the station and sang the song My Homeland. It is _____62_____ a popular song that almost all people in China know the lyrics. The train station, which was an empty shell during the _____63_____ (bad) of the outbreak, is filled with thousands of passengers _____64_____ (travel) to and from the capital of Hubei province. Wuhan’s city government said it had planned more than 140 events, including exhibitions and carnivals, ______65______ (bring) joy to the lives of residents and tourists during the holiday. 【答案】56. first 57. under 58. experienced 59. significance 60. that 61. who 62. such 63. worst 64. travelling/ traveling 65. to bring 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了新冠疫情之后的第一个长假，武汉市的变化和政府今后的打算。 【56 题详解】 考查序数词。句意：但这也是中国控制新冠疫情后的第一个假期。由空前定冠词 the 和句意可知，空处需用 序数词 first，表示顺序，此处指中国控制新冠疫情后的第一个假期。故填 first。 【57 题详解】 考查固定短语。under control“得到控制，被控制住”是固定短语。故填 under。 【58 题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：对于经历了春节期间因疾病预防限制而全面封锁城市的武汉人来说，这 8 天的假期 具有特别的意义。根据时间状语 during the Spring Festival holiday 可知，空处定语从句的谓语动词需用一般 过去时，表示过去发生的事情。故填 experienced。 【59 题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。形容词 particular 作定语，其后需接名词，significant 的名词为 significance “重要性， 意义”。故填 significance。 【60 题详解】 考查强调句型。句意：节前，武汉火车站上演了一场快闪表演。分析句子句子结构可知，去掉空处内容和 It was 可知，句子结构完整，由此可知，本句使用了强调句型：It was/is+被强调部分+that/who(强调部分指 人)+其它，本句被强调部分是时间状语，所以空处需用连接词 that。故填 that。 【61 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：参加活动的有学生、教师、车站工作人员、医生、记者和民间艺术家，他们聚集在 车站，唱着《我的祖国》这首歌。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Participants，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词 who 引导非限制性定语从句。故 填 who。 【62 题详解】 考查结果状语从句。句意：这是一首很受欢迎的歌，几乎所有中国人都知道歌词。根据空后“a popular song that”可知，因为中心词是名词 song，所以空处需用 such，such…that…“如此……以至于”，引导结果状 语从句。故填 such。 【63 题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：在疫情最严重的时候，这个火车站是一个空壳，现在却挤满了成千上万往返于 湖北省省会的旅客。根据空前定冠词 the 和句意可知，此处指疫情最严重的时期，所以空处需用形容词 bad 的最高级 worst。故填 worst。 【64 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本句已有谓语动词 is filled with，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词 作后置定语修饰名词 passengers，空处动词 travel 与名词 passengers 之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分 词 travelling/ traveling 作后置定语。故填 travelling 或 traveling。 【65 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：武汉市政府表示，他们已经计划了超过 140 项活动，包括展览和嘉年华，在节日 期间给居民和游客的生活带来欢乐。本句已有谓语动词 had planned，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓 语动词作状语，根据句意可知，此处需用动词不定式作目的状语。故填 to bring。 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分 40 分) 第一节(满分 15 分) 66. 假如你是李华，打算寒假和家人一起去上海游玩，请你给你的好友王明写一封 e-mail，分享你的出行计 划。 要点：1. 出发、返回时间及交通工具； 2. 安排：迪士尼乐园游玩、登上东方明珠等。 注意：1. 词数 80 词左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 信的开头和结尾已写好，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：迪士尼乐园 Disneyland 东方明珠 Oriental Pearl Tower Dear Wang Ming, How is everything going? I will have a four-day trip to Shanghai with my family in my winter holiday. Here is my plan. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ How about the plan for your winter holiday? I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】参考范文： Dear Wang Ming, How is everything going? I will have a four-day trip to Shanghai with my family in my winter holiday. Here is my plan. We are leaving for Shanghai by high-speed railway at around 2:00 p.m. on Dec. 30th. Upon arriving in Shanghai, we will check in the hotel for a good rest, which is booked online in advance. On the second day, we are going to the Disneyland to experience all kinds of recreation facilities. On the following day, we will climb Oriental Pearl Tower, from which we will enjoy the whole view of Shanghai. On Jan. 3rd, we will take the high-speed railway back. How about the plan for your winter holiday? I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给好友王明写一封 e-mail，分享出行计划。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求：写作内容需包括以下要点： 1. 出发、返回时间及交通工具； 2. 安排：迪士尼乐园游玩、登上东方明珠等。 第二步：列提纲(重点词组) leave for; check in; in advance; all kinds of 第三步：连词成句 1.We are leaving for Shanghai by high-speed railway at around 2:00 p.m. on Dec. 30th. 2.Upon arriving in Shanghai, we will check in the hotel for a good rest, which is booked online in advance. 3.On the second day, we are going to the Disneyland to experience all kinds of recreation facilities. 4.On the following day, we will climb Oriental Pearl Tower, from which we will enjoy the whole view of Shanghai. 5.On Jan.3rd, we will take the high-speed railway back. 根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。 作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：Upon arriving in Shanghai, we will check in the hotel for a good rest, which is booked online in advance.这句话运用了 which 引导的非限制性定语从句；文章也使用了一些固定词 组，如 check in; in advance; all kinds of 等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。 另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 第二节(满分 25 分) 67. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It was a beautiful sunny day when the moving van pulled onto the tree-lined street. Mark and Mindy stepped out of the van and looked at their new home with pride. They had both been saving for a long time to purchase their first house together and were very excited to go on a new venture. Within an hour they had unloaded a number of boxes and were pleased with their progress. The sky had begun to darken slightly, but the weather was still pleasant. Then Mindy heard it – even felt it. There was a large clap of thunder and then a bolt of lightning. Mindy and Mark immediately froze and looked at each other, then looked at the boxes scattered (分散) on their lawn. They hastily raced to get their belongings indoors, but not before getting caught in heavy rain. The couple stood in their living room, wet from head to toe, surrounded by what were now very wet boxes. Then, Mark noticed a pool of water in the hallway. He went to inspect and found that there was water dripping from the ceiling. “We can have someone fix it,” Mindy said. “I’ll grab a bucket to catch the water for now.” A moment later Mark heard a scream and raced into the kitchen just in time to see a mouse running across the floor. Mindy was frozen with fright. “Don’t worry. We can take care of that!” Mark said, trying to sound as reassuring (安心的) as possible. “Let’s go unpack some of the boxes. That will make us feel better.” Mark and Mindy made their way to the living room, but when they opened a box holding their kitchen utensils (器皿) and dishes, they found that all of their plates, bowls and cups were broken. They looked at each other in dismay (沮丧). “What do we do now?” Mindy asked. Their first day in their new home was not turning out to be the joyous occasion they had expected. Paragraph 1 Just then, there was a knock at the door. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ Paragraph 2 Suddenly they heard a noise from the attic (阁楼). ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Just then, there was a knock at the door. Opening the door wearily, Mark found an elderly man standing on the porch with some savory (可口的) cookies. Grinning, the man introduced himself as Tom. Upon seeing the van parked outside, he brought cookies to welcome his new neighbors. Tom’s words and the smell of the cookies calmed Mark a lot, but with the boxes in the room in a mess, Mark felt embarrassed. Unexpectedly, Tom came in and helped the hosts clean up the room and finally they sat down together, enjoying the cookies happily. Suddenly they heard a noise from the attic. Puzzled, Mindy ran upstairs. “It’s a lovely kitten,” Mindy cried cheerfully. “It must be because James, the former owner of the house, used to feed a stray cat to drive out the mice,” smiled Tom. “It was James who helped me when I was helpless, just as you are now.” Feeling the warmth from the neighbor, Mark and Mindy were very grateful. The rain is still falling, but it could never dampen their hopes for the future. 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达是读后续写。 【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，马克和明迪搬入新家，突然变天下雨，二人跑进房子，发现天花板上滴 水，厨房有老鼠，而且他们的餐具都碎了，二人很沮丧，认为在新家的第一天并不是他们所期望的那种欢 乐的日子。 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：就在这时，有人敲门。本段应该写马克开门后，发现是一位拿着饼干 的老人——邻居汤姆，汤姆是来欢迎二人的，并帮他们打扫卫生，最后大家一起吃饼干，二人很开心。第 二段开头是：突然，他们听到阁楼上传来响声。本段应该写明迪上楼去发现是一只猫，汤姆告诉二人猫是 前主人詹姆斯养的，詹姆斯也帮过汤姆，所以汤姆帮助二人，马克和明迪很感激，雨并没有打消他们对未 来的希望。 续写时要注意所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右，按要求完成写作任务。 【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：introduce oneself as sb.，clean up，drive out 等高级词汇；现在分词短语作状语 Unexpectedly, Tom came in and helped the hosts clean up the room and finally they sat down together, enjoying the cookies happily.表语从句 It must be because James, the former owner of the house, used to feed a stray cat to drive out the mice，强调句型结构 It was James who helped me when I was helpless 等高级句式。