2019届一轮复习北师大版选修七Unit19Language单元学案设计（56页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习北师大版选修七Unit19Language单元学案设计（56页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习北师大选修7Unit 19 Language单元学案设计 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写] ‎ ‎1．mother language　　　　　 母语 ‎2．*input n. (信息)输入 ‎3．*output n. (信息)输出 ‎4．punctuation n. 标点符号 ‎5．royal adj. 王室的，皇家的 ‎6．constitution n. 宪法 ‎7．the Statue of Liberty 自由女神像 ‎8．jungle n. 热带丛林 ‎9．cafeteria n. 小餐馆；咖啡馆　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第二屏听写] ‎ ‎10．decade n．　　　　　 　　 十年 ‎11．curriculum n. (学校的)课程 ‎12．medium n. 媒介物；渠道 ‎13．target n. 目标 ‎14．*dedication n. 专心致志 ‎15．*dedicated adj. 专心致志的 ‎16．*manual n. 手册；指南 ‎17．theft n. 偷窃 ‎18．mate n. 老弟，老兄，伙计　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第三屏听写] ‎ ‎19．cream n．　　　　　　 　 奶油；油 ‎20．razor n. 剃刀 ‎21．cab n. 出租汽车 ‎22．explicit adj. 明确的；清楚的 ‎23．*eyebrow n. 眉毛 ‎24．upwards adv. 向上地 ‎25．upper adj. 上面的 ‎26．rigid adj. 僵硬的 ‎27．transparent adj. 清晰易辨的；透明的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第四屏听写] ‎ ‎28．unrest n．　　　　　　　 不安 ‎29．outline vt. 勾出轮廓 ‎30．ambiguous adj. 模棱两可的 ‎31．bent adj. 弯曲的 ‎32．certificate n. 证书；证明 ‎33．*registration n. 登记；注册 ‎34．competence n. 能力 ‎35．diploma n. 毕业证书 ‎36．*marketing n. 市场营销　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第五屏听写] ‎ ‎37．*overview n．　　　 　　 概要；综述 ‎38．candidate n. 候选人 ‎39．cheers inter. 谢谢 ‎40．diagram n. 图解；图表 ‎41．caption n. (图片的)说明文字 ‎42．booth n. (餐馆内的)雅座；(电话)亭　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第六屏听写] ‎ ‎43．barbershop n．　　　　 　 理发店 ‎44．globe n. 地球 ‎45．barber n. 理发师 ‎46．stewardess n. 女乘务员 ‎47．steward n. 男乘务员 ‎48．bingo inter. 好；妙 ‎49．haircut n. 理发　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第七屏听写] ‎ ‎50．amateur adj.　　　　 　 业余的 ‎51．directory n. 指南 ‎52．personnel n. 全体职员 ‎53．*bet vt. 打赌 ‎54．I bet 我肯定 ‎55．Academy of Arts 艺术学院　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第八屏听写] ‎ ‎1．nationwide adv.　　　　　 全国性地 ‎2．thankful adj. 为……感到高兴的；感谢的 ‎3．fold v. 折叠；交叉 ‎4．trend n. 趋势，倾向 ‎5．absence n. 缺乏；缺席 ‎6．theory n. 理论；学说 ‎7．attain vt. 达到；获得 ‎8．surround vt. 环绕，围绕　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第九屏听写] ‎ ‎9．ensure vt.　　　　　　　　 保证，确保 ‎10．accelerate vt. & vi. 加速 ‎11．enlarge vt. 扩大 ‎12．guarantee vt. 保证 ‎13．adjust vt. 调节；调整 ‎14．inform vt. 告知；通知 ‎15．catch_on 学会 ‎16._for_ages 很久，很长时间　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十屏听写] ‎ ‎17．relative n．　　　　　　　 亲戚，亲属 ‎18．pat vt. & n. 轻拍；拍 ‎19．congratulate vt. 祝贺 ‎20．on_purpose_ 故意地 ‎21．tight adj. 绷紧的 ‎22．resemble vt. 像；与……相似 ‎23．merely adv. 只；仅仅 ‎24．purchase vt. 购买　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十一屏听写] ‎ ‎25．on_the_other_hand　　　　 另一方面 ‎ ‎26．approval n. 赞成；赞许；批准 ‎27．applicant n. 申请人 ‎28．provided_that 如果；条件是 ‎29．fasten vt. 束紧 ‎30．regulation n. 规则 ‎31．sincerely adv. 真诚地　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十二屏听写] ‎ ‎32．embarrass vt.　　　 　　 使窘迫 ‎33．punctual adj. 准时的；守时的 ‎34．adequate adj. 足够的，充分的 ‎35．announcement n. 通告；布告 ‎36．register vt. 登记 ‎37．negotiate vt. 协商；谈判 ‎38．fluency n. 流利度；流畅度　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第十三屏听写] ‎ ‎39．accuracy n．　　　　　　 精确度；准确度 ‎40．acquisition n. (语言)习得 ‎41．unconscious adj. 不知不觉的；无意的 ‎42．offence v. 冒犯；得罪 ‎43．liberty n. 自由 ‎44．*global adj. 全世界的；全球的 ‎45．brochure n. 小册子　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅读单词 ‎1.input n．　　　　(信息)输入 ‎2.output n. (信息)输出 ‎3.constitution n. 宪法 ‎4.cafeteria n. 小餐馆，咖啡馆 ‎5.medium n. 媒介物；渠道 ‎6.dedication n. _专心致志 ‎7.dedicated adj. _专心致志的 ‎8.explicit adj. 明确的；清楚的 ‎9.upwards adv.　　　_向上地 ‎10.personnel n. 全体职员 ‎11.transparent adj. 清晰易辨的；透明的 ‎12.outline vt. 勾出轮廓 ‎13.ambiguous adj. 模棱两可的 ‎14.certificate n. 证书；证明 ‎15.competence n. 能力 ‎16.diploma n. 毕业证书 ‎17.marketing n．　　　　市场营销 ‎18.candidate n. _候选人 ‎19.barbershop n. 理发店 ‎20.stewardess n. _女乘务员 ‎21.steward n. 男乘务员 ‎22.academy n. 学院；学会 ‎23.amateur adj. 业余的 ‎24.haircut n. 理发 表达单词 ‎1.nationwide adv.　全国性地 ‎2.thankful adj. 为……感到高兴的；感谢的 ‎3.theory n. 理论；学说 ‎4.attain vt. 达到；获得 ‎5.ensure vt. 保证，确保 ‎6.accelerate vt.&vi. 加速 ‎7.enlarge vt. 扩大 ‎8.guarantee vt. 保证 ‎9.inform vt. 告知，通知 ‎10.resemble vt. 像；与……相似 ‎11.merely adv. 只；仅仅 ‎12.purchase vt. 购买 ‎13.fasten vt. 束紧 ‎14.regulation n. 规则 ‎15.sincerely adv. 真诚地 ‎16.register vt. 登记 ‎17.adequate n. 足够的，充分的 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1.We guarantee (保证) that you will be compensated for any loss caused by our negligence.‎ ‎2.This morning, he was informed (通知) that he had to negotiate with an important company.‎ ‎3.Still greater efforts are needed before we can attain (达到) our goal.‎ ‎4.He worked all summer to save money for the purchase (购买) of a piano.‎ ‎5.If we hadn't made adequate (充分的) preparations, the conference wouldn't have been so successful.‎ ‎6.It's amazing how closely Brian and Steve resemble (像) each other.‎ ‎7.You must bring your insurance card with you when you register (登记) with a doctor.‎ ‎8.Exposure to the sun can accelerate (加快) the ageing process.‎ ‎18.punctual adj. 准时的；守时的 ‎19.brochure n. 小册子 ‎9.The company has over 500 stores nationwide (全国范围地)．‎ ‎10.The couple was very thankful (感谢的) and praised him for his honesty.‎ 拓展单词 ‎1.accuracy n．精确度，准确度→accurate adj.精确的，准确的→accurately adv.精确地 ‎2.absence n．不存在；缺乏；缺席→absent adj.缺席的，不在场的 ‎3.acquisition n．(语言)习得→acquire v．获取，得到 ‎4.surround vt.环绕，围绕→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n．环境 ‎5.adjust vt.调节；调整→adjustment n．调节；调整 ‎6.congratulate vt.祝贺→congratulation n．祝贺 ‎7.negotiate vt.谈判；协商→negotiation n．谈判；协商 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1.To adjust_herself to the study abroad, she had to make some necessary_adjustments to her habits.(adjustment)‎ ‎2.The teacher advised me to improve the fluency of my spoken English, because I couldn't speak English fluently.(fluent)‎ ‎3.Thanks to your approval,_and if you didn't approve of my plan, I would be fired by the employer.(approve)‎ ‎4.The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance and the exciting congratulations encouraged her greatly.(congratulate)‎ ‎5.Tell your doctor the accuracy of the symptom so that he can give you the accurate treatment. If you are not treated accurately,_you'll be in ‎8.offence n．冒犯；得罪→offend v．冒犯 ‎9.approval n．赞成；赞许；批准→approve vt.赞成 ‎10.applicant n．申请人→apply vi.申请→application n．申请书 ‎11.embarrass vt.使窘迫→embarrassing adj.令人难堪的，令人窘迫的→embarrassed adj.窘迫的→embarrassment n．窘迫，难堪 ‎12.unconscious adj.无意识的；不知不觉的→conscious adj.意识到的；故意的 ‎13.fluency n．流利度，流畅度→fluent adj.流利的，流畅的→fluently adv.流利地 ‎ danger.(accurate)‎ ‎6.Liu Li is a new graduate from Shandong University. She applied to a big company for a post last week. The interviewer said her application was the best among all the applicants.(apply)‎ ‎7.He is always absent from class, and his absence makes his headteacher angry.(absence)‎ ‎8.His embarrassing questions made me embarrassed greatly. I felt my face burning with embarrassment.(embarrass)‎ ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.keep_in_mind　　　　　　记住 ‎2.stand_out 出色；突出 ‎1.If you keep working like this, there's no doubt that you'll ‎ ‎3.get_ahead 取得成功；获得进步 ‎4.rely_on 依靠；依赖 ‎5.take_the_form_of 以……的形式出现(存在)‎ ‎6.adjust_...to_... 调整……以适应……‎ ‎7.inform_sb._of_sth. 通知某人某事 ‎8.consist_of 由……组成，构成 ‎9.catch_on 学会；受欢迎 ‎10.for_ages 很久，很长时间 ‎11.congratulate_sb._on_sth. 就某事向某人祝贺 ‎12.on_purpose 故意地 ‎13.regardless_of 不管；不顾 ‎14.on_the_other_hand 另一方面 ‎15.I_bet 我肯定 ‎16.more_than 不仅仅；超过 get_ahead of others.‎ ‎2.What we must always keep_in_mind is that we must serve the people.‎ ‎3.The training programme takes_the_form_of a series of performances.‎ ‎4.The medical team_consisting_of five experienced doctors and ten skilled nurses will be sent to the earthquakehit areas.‎ ‎5.Don't rely_on_going abroad for our holiday; we may not be able to afford it.‎ ‎6.She will have to adjust herself to new conditions after moving to a new city.‎ ‎7.Do you inform them _of the progress of the work？‎ ‎8.Her bright clothes always make her stand_out in a crowd.‎ ‎9.The football player was accused of taking money for not scoring goals on_purpose.‎ ‎10.It took them more_than_one billion dollars to complete the project.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.It was predicted as early as the 1700s that English would one day be the global language and that has proved to be the case in the last few decades. ‎ 早在18世纪人们就预测，有一天英语将成为全球性语言，并且在过去的几十年中它已得到了证明。‎ It was/is predicted that ...“据预测……”。‎ 预计到21世纪末，一半的这些动植物物种将会消失。‎ It_is_predicted_that by the end of the 21st century, half of these plant and animal species will be gone.‎ ‎2.Quality input ensures quality output, whether it is speaking or writing.‎ 不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。‎ ‎“whether ...or ...”引导让步状语从句。‎ 无论好坏，我已经决定接受这份工作邀请。‎ I have decided to take the job offer, whether_it_is_good_or_bad.‎ ‎3.Thirdly, you say that there is a discount provided that I pay in advance.‎ 第三，你们说我只要预付款就有折扣。‎ provided that引导条件状语从句。‎ 我确信如果你能告诉我们所有的必要信息，我们能帮助你解决这个问题。‎ I am sure we can help you solve the problem, provided_that you tell us all the necessary information.‎ ‎(四)初中考点再回顾 高频考查类——记熟 文化差异类——辨清 易忘易错类——勤览 ‎1.make_a_decision 做决定 ‎2.make_a_mess 弄得一团糟 ‎3.make_a_mistake 犯错误 ‎4.make one's bed 铺床 ‎5.make sb. feel at home ‎ 让某人感到宾至如归 ‎6.milk a cow 挤牛奶 ‎1.practise_singing 练习唱歌 ‎2.arrive_late 来晚了 ‎3.sing along with music 随着音乐一起唱 ‎4.dance to music 伴着音乐跳舞 ‎5.a piece of music 一首曲子 ‎6.be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事 ‎1.environmental protection环境保护 ‎2.ecosystem n. 生态系统 ‎3.noise pollution 噪音污染 ‎4.light pollution 光污染 ‎5.at the top of the food chain在食物链的顶端 ‎6.save the earth 拯救地球 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．absence n．不在，缺席；缺乏，没有 ‎[教材原句]　However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in the absence of a native language environment.‎ 然而，在缺少母语环境的情况下，学习作为外语的英语非常困难。‎ ‎[练牢基点]　写出句中absence的含义 ‎①In the absence of experience, the young man didn't finish the task on time.缺乏，没有 ‎②I will go on a business trip tomorrow; Mark will be in charge of the company in my absence._不在，缺席 ‎[系统考点]‎ ‎(1)absence from ...　　　　　 缺席；离开 absence of mind 心不在焉 in one's absence ＝in the absence of sb.‎ ‎ 在某人不在的时候 ‎(2)absent adj. 缺席的；茫然的 be absent from 缺席；不存在；缺少 ‎[练通重点]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎③It is because of a long absence (absent) from school that I am a bit behind the other classmates.‎ ‎④To our surprise, her parents were absent from her wedding ceremony.‎ 句型转换 ‎⑤Her absence from the meeting caused lots of doubts.‎ ‎→That she was absent from the meeting caused lots of doubts.‎ ‎⑥I took pride in what I had done in my father's absence.‎ ‎→I took pride in what I had done in the absence of my father.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑦He failed in the exam because of his absence_of_mind.‎ 他因心不在焉而考试不及格。‎ ‎⑧He was_absent_from_the_party yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.‎ 昨天他因为心脏病突发，没有参加聚会。‎ ‎2．surround vt.环绕，围绕；包围 ‎[教材原句]　Some respected theories on language acquisition believe that to attain a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language, you need to be surrounded by it.‎ 一些备受尊崇的语言习得理论认为，要想达到高水平的外语流利程度和准确性，你得置身于该语言的环境中。‎ ‎(1)surround sb./sth.with sb./sth.　 用某人/某物包围某人/某物 be surrounded by/with sb./sth. 被某人/某物包围 ‎(2)surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的 surroundings n. 周围的事物；环境；气氛 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①The old man sat in an armchair, surrounded (surround) by a group of children.‎ ‎②Only if we take good care of the surrounding trees and rivers can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.(surround)‎ ‎③He loves to be surrounded with/by_his family and friends.‎ ‎④I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround myself with creative people.‎ ‎3．inform vt.告知，通知 ‎[教材原句]　Inform a friend of your targets so they can help motivate you as well.‎ 把你的目标告诉你的一位朋友，这样他们也会帮忙鼓励你。‎ ‎(1)inform sb.of/about sth.　　 通知某人某事 inform sb.that ... 告知某人……‎ ‎(2)informed adj. 了解情况的；消息灵通的 keep sb.informed of sth. 使某人知道某事 ‎(3)information n．[U] 信息 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The Internet keeps us informed (inform) of what is going on around us at any time.‎ ‎②Please inform us of/about your decision and we will act accordingly.‎ ‎③All of these people gave me lots of information (inform) I had never heard of.‎ 完成句子 ‎④I regret_to_inform_you_that_you didn't pass the driving test.‎ 我非常遗憾地通知你，你没有通过驾驶考试。‎ ‎⑤We try and keep_ourselves_informed_of current trends.‎ 我们设法随时了解形势的发展。‎ ‎[联想发散]‎ 我们学过的与inform sb. of sth. 结构相同的短语还有哪些？‎ ‎①remind sb. of sth.　　　　　 提醒某人某事 ‎②rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物 ‎③accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事 ‎④suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事 ‎⑤warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事　　　　 ‎ ‎4．purchase vt.购买n.购买；购买力 ‎[教材原句]　For example, in foreign countries, it is very easy to purchase something simply by smiling and pointing at what you want.‎ 例如，在国外，仅仅微笑着指向你想要的东西就能非常容易地购买到。‎ ‎(1)purchase sth.from sb.　　 从某人那里买到某物 ‎(2)make a purchase 购买 on special purchase 特价出售 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①The equipment can_be_purchased_from your local supplier. ‎ 这种设备可以从您当地的供应商那里购买。‎ ‎②We must think twice before we decide to make_a_purchase on the Internet.‎ 在我们决定网上购物之前一定要三思。‎ ‎③These boots are on_special_purchase during the Spring Festival.‎ 这些靴子在春节期间特价出售。‎ ‎5．embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬；使为难 ‎[经典例句]　I didn't want to embarrass him by kissing him in front of his friends.(牛津P650)‎ 我并没想当着他的朋友吻他而使他感到难堪。‎ ‎(1)It embarrasses/embarrassed sb.to do sth.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　 做某事使某人窘迫 ‎(2)embarrassed adj. 难堪的，尴尬的 be embarrassed at/about 对……感到为难/尴尬 embarrassing adj. 令人困窘的 ‎(3)embarrassment n. 困窘，困惑 to one's embarrassment 让某人感到不好意思 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Yesterday, I came across my former classmate, but his name ‎ escaped me, which made me embarrassed (embarrass)．‎ ‎②It was so embarrassing (embarrass) to sing in public.‎ ‎③To my relief, his humor relieves me of embarrassment (embarrass). ‎ ‎④She's only 150 cm and she's embarrassed about/at her height.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑤It_embarrassed_me_to_meet_the_young_man again, for I had misunderstood him.‎ 再次见到这个年轻人让我感到尴尬，因为我误会过他。‎ ‎⑥Much_to_her_embarrassment,_she realized that everyone was staring at her.‎ 当她意识到大家都盯着她看时，她感到很不好意思。‎ ‎⑦When I was growing up, I was_embarrassed_to_be_seen with my father.‎ 在我成长的过程中，我一直羞于让别人看见自己和父亲在一起。‎ ‎6．resemble vt.像；与……相似 ‎[教材原句]　They might also cross their arms and move in an abrupt way resembling a robot more than a human.‎ 他们可能也会交叉双臂，像机器人而不是像人类一样突然地移动。‎ ‎(1)resemble sb./sth. in ... “在……方面与某人/物相似” ‎ ‎(2)resemble 不能用于进行时，也没有被动语态 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①Lucy resembles her sister Lily in_appearance_but_not_in_character.‎ 露西和她的妹妹莉莉外貌相似但性格不同。‎ ‎②It's difficult to tell the plant from others because it ‎ resembles_grass_in_appearance.‎ 很难把这种植物和其他的区分开来，因为它的外形很像草。‎ ‎7．adequate adj.足够的，充分的；胜任的 ‎[经典例句]　The space available is not adequate for our needs.‎ 现有的空间不能满足我们的需要。‎ be adequate for 足够……， 对……来说是足够的 be adequate to (do) sth. 胜任(做)某事；足够(做)某事 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空 ‎①His explanation wasn't adequate_to_account (account) for what had happened.‎ ‎②His knowledge of French was adequate for the job although he was not fluent in the language.‎ ‎③As far as I'm concerned, he is adequate to the job.‎ ‎8．negotiate vi.谈判；协商 ‎[高考佳句]　Our English teacher is negotiating with the headmaster for the use of the library.(2015·重庆高考满分作文)‎ 我们英语老师正在同校长商谈使用图书馆的事。‎ ‎(1)negotiate with sb.about/for sth.　 与某人商谈某事 ‎(2)negotiation n. 谈判；磋商，洽谈 under negotiation 在商谈中 ‎[题点全练]　单句语法填空/句型转换 ‎①We have been negotiating with the manager for/about a short working week.‎ ‎②We have had meaningful negotiations (negotiate) and I believe we are very close to a deal.‎ ‎③The details of the contract are still being negotiated.‎ ‎→The details of the contract are still under negotiation.‎ ‎9．guarantee vt.保证；担保n.保证；保证书；抵押品 ‎[教材原句]　Knowing the main stories before reading will guarantee greater comprehension when reading in English.‎ 读前了解新闻的主要内容可以保证阅读英文时更透彻的理解。‎ ‎(1)　　　　 保证某人得到某物 guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事 be guaranteed to do sth. 必定做某事 ‎(2)under guarantee 在保修期内 give sb.a guarantee (that ...) 向某人保证(……)‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I guarantee to_pay (pay) off my debts on time, no matter what happens.‎ ‎②If you yell at him, he will be guaranteed to_do (do) the opposite of what you want.‎ ‎③The cell phone will be repaired free when it is under guarantee without human damage.‎ 完成句子 ‎④Even if you complete your training, I can't guarantee_you_a_job.‎ 即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能有工作。‎ ‎⑤Can you give_me_a_guarantee_that the work will be finished on time?‎ 你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？‎ ‎[名师指津]　如果表达“保证某人做某事”，guarantee不能用于guarantee sb. to do ...，只能用于guarantee to do ...或guarantee that ...。‎ ‎10．adjust vt.调节；调整；整理vi.适应 ‎[教材原句]　Watching a favourite DVD, but adjusting the language to English in parts you know well.‎ 观看你最喜爱的一张光盘，但要把你熟悉部分的语言调换成英语。‎ ‎[练牢基点]　写出句中adjust的含义 ‎①Foreigners took some time to adjust to our way of life.适应 ‎②To attract investors, the local government has adjusted its tax and labor laws.调整 ‎③The body can adjust itself to the change of temperature.调节 ‎[系统考点]‎ ‎(1)adjust to　 　　　　　　　　　 适应于 adjust sth. to sth. 调整……以适应……‎ adjust to (doing) sth. 适应于(做)某事 adjust oneself to ... 使自己适应于……‎ ‎(2)adjustment n. 调整，调节；适应 make an adjustment/adjustments to ... 对……作出调整 ‎(3)adjustable adj. 可调节的，可调整的 ‎[练通重点]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎④When a child is studying abroad, he must learn to adjust to living (live) on his own.‎ ‎⑤He will have to make major adjustments (adjust) to his thinking if he is to survive in office.‎ ‎⑥The bicycle has an adjustable (adjust) seat and you can adjust it to a certain height.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑦We must adjust_ourselves_to_the_new_life as soon as possible.‎ 我们必须尽快适应新生活。‎ ‎⑧Due to the bad weather, they had to make_an_adjustment_to_the_time_of_the_meeting.‎ 由于天气不好， 他们不得不对会议的时间作了调整。‎ ‎11．congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺；恭喜 ‎[教材原句]　You would probably think that the father was congratulating his son on doing something well.‎ 你可能认为这位父亲因他儿子做事优秀而在向他表示祝贺。‎ ‎(1)congratulate sb. on 就(做)某事向某人祝贺 ‎ congratulate oneself on (doing) sth. 感到自豪；暗自庆幸；为自己高兴 ‎(2)congratulation n. 祝贺；恭喜 offer/send one's congratulations to sb.(on sth.)‎ ‎ (为某事)向某人表示祝贺 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Let's congratulate her on getting good grades in the exam.‎ ‎②On arriving there, we offer our congratulations (congratulate) to him on his success.‎ 完成句子/一句多译 ‎③You should congratulate_yourself_on_having_done an excellent job.‎ 你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。‎ 我们祝贺你们通过了高考。‎ ‎④We congratulate_you_on_your_passing the College Entrance ‎ Examination.(congratulate)‎ ‎⑤We offer_our_congratulations_to_you_on_your_passing the College Entrance Examination.(congratulation)‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．It was considerate of Michael to inform us of/about his delay in case we got worried. ‎ ‎2．Surrounded (surround) by the sea on three sides, modern Qingdao is considered one of the most livable cities in China.‎ ‎3．He was always absent from school, and his absence (absent) annoyed the teacher very much.‎ ‎4．Is your salary adequate to_support (support) your family?‎ ‎5．It is rather embarrassing (embarrass) that we still do not know how many species there are in the world today.‎ ‎6．Susan resembles Catherine so much in the way she talks.‎ ‎7．He asked me to tell you the contract is under negotiation (negotiate)．‎ ‎8．We guarantee to_deliver (deliver) your goods within a week.‎ ‎9．In order to meet everyone's need, I made a few adjustments (adjust) to the design.‎ ‎10．My uncle sent me a card to congratulate me on my eighteenth birthday yesterday.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．He strongly resembles with his father in character.去掉with ‎2．I appreciate your hard work, but I can not give you guarantee that you will surely get promoted.guarantee前加a ‎3．He only gave an embarrassing smile when she spilled the water onto him.embarrassing→embarrassed ‎4．I want to express my sincere congratulation on your success.congratulation→congratulations ‎ ‎5．As a teacher you should adjust your method to meet the needs of slower students.meet→meeting ‎ Ⅲ.翻译句子 ‎1．让公众了解最新消息的最好的方式是通过电视媒体和网络。 (keep sb. informed of)‎ The_best_way_to_keep_the_public_informed_of_the_latest_news_is_through_TV_or_Internet.‎ ‎2．是他开车时心不在焉导致了可怕的事故。(强调句型， absence of mind, result in)‎ It_was_his_absence_of_mind_during_driving_that_resulted_in_a_terrible_accident.‎ ‎3．她发现很难适应晚上工作，因此每天她都服用一些药物以保证自己睡好。(it作形式宾语， adjust to, ensure)‎ She_found_it_hard_to_adjust_to_working_at_night,_so_every_day_she_would_take_some_pills_to_ensure_herself_a_good_sleep.‎ ‎4．那样的行为肯定为让他生气。(be guaranteed to do sth.)‎ That_kind_of_behaviour_is_guaranteed_to_make_him_angry.‎ ‎5．如果你购买的东西不在名单上，请联系我们。(make a purchase)‎ If_you_have_made_a_purchase_that_is_not_listed,_please_contact_us.‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．catch on学会；受欢迎，流行起来；(与to连用)理解；被接受 ‎[教材原句]　The more you hear different accents, the easier it is to catch on.‎ 你听的不同口音越多，你就越容易理解它(的意思)。‎ ‎[练牢基点]　写出句中catch on的含义 ‎①He invented a new game, but it never really caught on.受欢迎，流行起来 ‎②Please repeat what you said; I didn't quite catch on.理解 ‎③If only this idea could catch on, we should be able to make quite a lot of money out of it.被接受 ‎[系统考点]‎ catch hold of　　　　　　　　　 抓住 catch up with 赶上；缠上 catch sight of 看见 catch one's attention 吸引某人的注意 catch sb.doing sth. 撞见某人做某事 ‎[练通重点]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎④When I was walking in the street, I caught sight of my old friend.‎ ‎⑤Only when you catch on to the importance of study will you be likely to work hard and catch up with others.‎ ‎⑥But I'm not sure if they are written well enough to catch their (they) attention.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑦She caught_him_smoking a cigarette yesterday.‎ 昨天，她撞上了他抽烟。‎ ‎⑧The police went to catch_hold_of_the_thief as soon as he came ‎ into sight.‎ 小偷一露面就被警察抓住了。‎ ‎2．on purpose故意地；有意地 ‎[教材原句]　People often use body language on purpose.‎ 人们经常有意识地使用身体语言。‎ for the purpose of　　　 为了，出于……目的 with the purpose of 带着……的目的 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①I know you didn't break the vase on_purpose.Don't cry!‎ 我知道你不是故意打碎花瓶的。别哭了！‎ ‎②He went to London with_the_purpose_of continuing his education.‎ 他去伦敦是为了继续求学。‎ ‎③We read those books for_the_purpose_of enlarging our vocabulary.‎ 我们看这些书为的是扩大我们的词汇量。‎ ‎[联想发散]　“偶然地，意外地”的表达有：by_accident,_by_chance,_accidentally等。‎ ‎3．on the other hand另一方面 ‎[高考佳句]　Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence. On the other hand, it could just put you in debt.(2014·江西高考)‎ 创业是获得经济独立的一种方法。另一方面，它也可能使你负债。‎ ‎(1)on the one hand ... on the other (hand) ...一方面……；另一方面(却)……(引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等)‎ ‎(2)for one thing ... for another ... 一则……；二则……‎ ‎ (用于引出并列的理由)‎ ‎(3)first(ly) ...second(ly) ... 第一……；第二……‎ ‎①On_the_one_hand,_computers improve the working efficiency; on_the_other_hand,_they also bring about some new problems.‎ 一方面，计算机提高人们的工作效率；另一方面，也引起一些新的问题。‎ ‎②To improve your English, first(ly),_you should listen more; second(ly),_you should read more.‎ 为了提高你的英语水平，第一，你应该多听；第二，你应该多读。‎ ‎③I'm not going to buy it; for_one_thing I don't like the color, and for_another it's far too expensive.‎ 我不打算买它；一是我不喜欢这颜色，二是太贵了。‎ ‎4．whether ...or ...‎ Quality input ensures quality output, whether it is speaking or writing.‎ 不管是说还是写，高质量的输入确保高质量的输出。‎ ‎(1)whether ...or 引导让步状语从句，意为“不管是……还是……，不论……还 是……”。另外，它还可引导名词性从句。‎ ‎(2)whether or not 　　　　　　　　 无论，是否 whether to do sth. (or not) 是否做某事 ‎①We are going to visit the Water Cube together with the foreign guests tomorrow whether_it_rains_or_not.‎ 无论明天是否下雨，我们都将和外国来宾一起参观水立方。‎ ‎②I'd appreciate it if you could let me know in advance ‎ whether_or_not you will come.‎ 如果你能让我提前知道你是否能来，我会很感激的。‎ ‎③It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.‎ 在这家商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。‎ ‎5．provided that 引导条件状语从句 Thirdly, you say that there is a discount provided_that I pay in advance.‎ 第三，你们说我只要预付款就有折扣。‎ 此句中的provided that作连词用，引导条件状语从句，that可以省略。相当于providing that。类似的连词有：‎ ‎(1)suppose/supposing (that), given (that), assume/assuming (that)　　　　　　假如，如果 ‎(2)on condition that 如果，在……条件下 ‎(3)as/so long as 只要 ‎①Providing/Provided (provide) that there is any demand, I would be very happy to help you.‎ 如果有任何需要，我都很乐意帮你。‎ ‎②Supposing/Suppose (suppose) he doesn't agree to help us, who should we turn to for help?‎ 假如他不同意帮助我们，我们该向谁求助？‎ ‎③They agreed to lend us the car on_condition_that we returned it before the weekend.‎ 他们同意借车给我们，条件是周末之前归还。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．He serves the public wholeheartedly, regardless of his personal gain or loss.‎ ‎2．Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally respected.‎ ‎3．The new dance quickly caught on among the students.‎ ‎4．He won't be against us in the meeting providing/provided (provide) that we ask for his advice in advance.‎ ‎5．She broke my favorite cup on purpose and didn't say sorry to me.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Giving that he can meet with the support of most of the classmates, he will be elected monitor.Giving→Given ‎ ‎2．The boy said he would keep me inform of the things that happened in the classroom everyday._inform→informed ‎3．That he really means is that he disagrees with it.第一个That→What ‎4．They are faced with the problem if they should continue the work._if→whether Ⅲ.翻译句子 ‎1．假如你哪天可以来参观我们学校，我将带着你四处看看。(provided that ...)‎ Provided_that_you_can_visit_our_school_some_day,_I_will_show_you_around_it.‎ ‎2．一方面，我能通过做这样的事赚些钱来帮助父母，另一方面，我能从中获得一些经验，这会对我将来的生活有益。(On the one hand ... on the other hand ..., do good to)‎ On_the_one_hand,_I_can_earn_some_money_by_doing_it_to_help_my_parents,_and_on_the_other_hand,_I_can_gain_some_experience_from_it,_which_will_do_good_to_my_future_life.‎ ‎3．一看到警察，这个小偷就飞快地跑掉了。(catch sight of)‎ The_moment_he_caught_sight_of_the_police,_the_thief_ran_away_as_fast_as_he_could.‎ ‎4．无论成功与否，我们确实已尽了最大努力。(whether ...or not)‎ Whether_we're_successful_or_not,_we_can_be_sure_that_we_did_our_best.‎ ‎5．有时你可能会偶然伤害别人，但我相信你是不会故意伤害他们的。(by chance, on purpose)‎ Sometimes_you_may_hurt_others_by_chance,_but_I_believe_you_won't_hurt_them_on_purpose.‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法 ‎　　——名词性从句；非人称转述结构 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017·北京高考)Jane moved aimlessly down the treelined street, not knowing where she was heading.‎ ‎2．(2017·天津高考)She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.‎ ‎3．(2016·北京高考)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust.‎ ‎4．(2016·天津高考)The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.‎ ‎5．We must find out when Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.‎ ‎6．Nearly a half people are believed to_have_left (leave) their homes as a result of the war breaking out in Syria.‎ ‎7．You have to know where you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.‎ ‎8．Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for what Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.‎ ‎9．The exhibition tells us why we should do something to stop air pollution.‎ ‎10. (2014·北京高考)The best moment for the football star was when he scored the winning goal.‎ ‎11．It is thought that the Prime Minister will visit France next month.‎ ‎12．It is suggested that you (should)_spend (spend) more time in studying English.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．Intelligence, perseverance and confidence are that it takes to make a good scientist.that→what_‎ ‎2．What is said that he has been to 20 countries so far.What→It ‎3．If we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution.If→Whether_‎ ‎4．It's true what honesty is more important than money.what→that ‎5．There is no doubt whether teachers play an important role in ‎ children's growth.whether→that ‎6．The question is if the meeting will be held.if→whether Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．Every year, whoever_makes_the_most_beautiful_kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.‎ 每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。‎ ‎2．It_is_thought_that he is an honest boy.‎ 我们认为他是一个诚实的孩子。‎ ‎3．How_we_understand_things has a lot to do with what_we_feel.‎ 我们如何理解事情与我们的感受有很大关系。‎ ‎4．It is difficult for us to imagine what_life_was_like for slaves in the ancient world.‎ 对我们来说很难想象在古代奴隶的生活是什么样子的。‎ ‎5．The question is how_we_can_persuade_him_to_go_there.‎ 问题是我们如何才能说服他去那里。‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作 ‎　　练缩写——让语言更凝练 ‎[题目要求]‎ 把下面关于介绍英语学习交流博客的文章缩至60词左右。‎ 注意：保留关键词，关键词在文中加黑。‎ ‎[缩写提示]‎ Dear fellow students，‎ Good news for you! A blog will be opened on the website on June 1, ‎ ‎2019.It aims to help us to communicate better and improve our English level.‎ Now, I'll introduce something about the blog to all of you. The blog serves as an open platform and we can do a lot of things on it. First of all, we can share some so efficient learning experience that we can promote our English study. Secondly, if you have any questions or problems in the process of your study, you are welcome to post them here. And possibly, you will find proper solutions to them with the help of enthusiastic schoolmates. In addition, If we are attracted by interesting topics, we will be free to take part in the weekly discussion.‎ I am sure the blog will be of great benefit to our English study. And every one of us is encouraged to visit it.‎ That's all.Thank you.‎ ‎[答案示例]‎ Dear fellow students，‎ A blog will be opened on the website on June 1, 2019.It aims to help us to communicate better and improve our English level.‎ The blog serves as an open platform. Firstly, we can share efficient learning experience. Secondly, if you have any problems, you are welcome to post them here. In addition, we are free to take part in the weekly discussion.‎ The blog will be beneficial to us.And everyone is encouraged to visit it.‎ That's all.Thank you.‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ A There are over 60 zoos in England. We have collected hundreds of reviews，checked the zoo websites，researched several zoorelated resources and visited many of them by ourselves to give you this selection: 10 best zoos in England.‎ Chester Zoo Among top 15 zoos in the world, it is one of the mostvisited and largest zoos in England.‎ Whipsnade Zoo With more than 2,500 animals, it is one of the few UK zoos with elephants.‎ Marwell Wildlife Full of African and Australian animals, there is surely a lot to see within very large grounds.‎ Howletts Wild Animal Park It was set up as a private zoo at first and opened to the public later. The place looks very natural and you can get very close to the animals there.‎ Port Lympne Wild Animal Park With Britain's largest number of African elephants, it offers truly African experiences.‎ Colchester Zoo With 270＋ species, it is very childfriendly and offers lots of handson activities.‎ Twycross Zoo It holds what is supposed to be the world's largest collection of apes (猿). There are also rare leopard species.‎ Bristol Zoo Gardens This is a 175yearold zoo with rare animals like fruit bats (果蝠)．‎ Paignton Zoo As home to a collection of around 2,000 animals and 1,600 plant species, it is one of the first places in England combining zoological and botanical (植物的) gardens.‎ London Zoo As one of the oldest zoos in the world, it is well worth a visit.‎ ‎21．Marwell Wildlife would attract those who want to______.‎ A．know more about elephants B．visit the oldest zoo in England C．see some rare animal species D．watch African and Australian animals 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据Marwell Wildlife中介绍的“Full of African and Australian animals”可知，这家动物园有很多来自非洲和澳大利亚的动物，故答案选D。‎ ‎22．Among the 10 zoos, the best one for children is________.‎ A.Howletts Wild Animal Park 　B．Colchester Zoo C．Twycross Zoo D．London Zoo 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Colchester Zoo中介绍的“it is very childfriendly and offers lots of handson activities”可知，这家动物园最适合孩子，故答案选B。‎ ‎23．What is the feature of Paignton Zoo?‎ A．It has both animal and plant species.‎ B．It has the largest number of animals.‎ C．Tourists can get close to the animals there.‎ D．It holds the world's largest collection of plant species.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Paignton Zoo的简介可知这家动物园除了动物还有1 600多种植物，并且是英国首家动植物园，故答案选A。‎ ‎24．The passage is meant to________.‎ A．compare 10 zoos B．attract kids to zoos C．introduce 10 popular zoos D．show the history of 10 zoos 解析：选C　主旨大意题。根据文章首段内容可知，本文主要介绍了英国最好的10家动物园，故答案选C。‎ B ‎(2018·宁夏银川一中月考)An epidemic (流行病) of the use of streetculture language broke out in some English exams, according to examiners.‎ A report said there were “a surprising number of small mistakes” in standard English. It asked teachers that they should prevent pupils from using “street language and text style”， adding, “Most answers require formal expression of language.”‎ ‎“Many concerns were expressed by examiners about basic errors, often appearing in the work of clearly able students，”the report continued.‎ It added that the use of street and text language “appeared with surprisingly regularity in the work of students who clearly desired a higher grade”．‎ ‎“Most answers require formal expression but even when an informal style is appropriate — students should know the examination context and, in particular, should not use street language and text style，” it said.‎ There is rising concern about pupils' writing skills, especially among boys. National test results for 11yearold boys' writing standards had fallen this year. Only 55 percent reached the level expected of an 11yearold by the time they left primary school, the results showed.‎ Many educationalists are now arguing that teachers should also think of ways of improving writing standards.‎ The report said spelling was “in general inconsistent (不一致)” and “variety of vocabulary and of sentence structure is often limited”. It went on，“Punctuation (标点符号) errors continue to be widespread.”‎ However, it added，“Some examiners felt that this year they had met an improvement in the whole structure of students' writing.” ‎ ‎25．What does the passage mainly talk about?‎ A．The streetculture language is being examined in English exams.‎ B．Street language is appearing in the standard English exams.‎ C．The English say no to the streetculture language in daily life.‎ D．What the streetculture language is in England.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段可知，本文主要介绍了街头语言出现在英语考试中这一现象，故答案选B。‎ ‎26．The underlined word “appropriate” in Paragraph 5 means “________”．‎ A．comfortable　　　　　 　B．possible C．acceptable D．valuable 解析：选C　词义猜测题。画线词前半句意为“大多数答案需要用规范的表达”，根据but可知此处表示转折，本句应理解为“非正式的形式也是可以接受的”，故appropriate在此处与acceptable意义相近，故选C。‎ ‎27．What problems concerned examiners?‎ A．Small mistakes in spelling and punctuation.‎ B．Limited vocabulary of boy pupils.‎ C．Teachers teaching writing skills.‎ D．Poor sentence structure and errors in spelling and standard English.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，mistakes in standard English是考试专家所担心的；根据倒数第二段内容可知，poor sentence structure和errors in spelling也是专家所担心的，故答案选D。‎ C ‎(2018·湖北省鄂西北联考)A school where 60% of pupils speak English as a second language has equipped electronic translators for every child so they can communicate with teachers. Manor Park Primary in Birmingham, which has 384 pupils, is the first school in Britain to provide translators for all of its children and to make the tools a part of every lesson.‎ The technology can allow teachers to type messages to pupils which are then translated into the 19 native tongues of children, with no English. Another 11 languages are spoken by pupils who have some English. In Britain, with figures showing that one in six primary pupils speaks a ‎ different language at home — double the number ten years ago — the technology could soon become popular in many more schools.‎ Talking Tutor can translate English into many languages including Polish, Urdu and Chinese. The teacher types a message into a computer and it then reads the message out to the pupils in their native tongues. The pupils type the answer which is read to the teacher by Talking Tutor. Headmaster Jason Smith said the software had transformed his school and given staff the opportunity to communicate with children. The school pays ￡700 a year for the software. The software, developed by EMAS UK, cost more than ￡2.5 million to produce.‎ Dawn Holt, a teacher at the school, admitted she had struggled in the past to communicate with pupils who had recently arrived in Britain. But some say giving pupils the translators could be “damaging and dangerous”．“Surely it would be better to give all these teenagers an intensive course in English，” said Nick Seaton, a father.“My boy says teachers are spending more time using the computer than teaching. He came home last week and said he felt pushed aside.”‎ 语篇解读：学校里60%的学生的母语不是英语，教师怎么上课、怎么和学生交流呢？一种新发明的电脑软件能帮助解决这个问题。‎ ‎28．What is the name of the electronic translator?‎ A．Talking Tutor. B．EMAS UK.‎ C．Nick Seaton. D．Dawn Holt.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句可知，该软件的名称为Talking Tutor。‎ ‎29．Manor Park Primary decided to use electronic translators in order to ________.‎ A．help the pupils to learn English well in a short time B．make the teachers and the students understand each other C．let the students master foreign languages quickly D．attract more and more pupils to the school 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句可知，该校配备这个软件的目的是帮助师生更好地交流。‎ ‎30．From the text we can infer that ________.‎ A．EMAS UK can't make a lot of money from the software B．more and more pupils begin to choose to study in Britain C．there are many schools which have already used the software D．the teachers had no difficulty talking with the students before 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，在英国，有六分之一的小学生的母语不是英语，这一比例是十年前的两倍。由此可以推知，越来越多的国外的小学生选择到英国去上学。‎ ‎31．Why do some people say giving pupils the translators could be “damaging and dangerous”？‎ A．Because the students will pay more money to the school.‎ B．Because the students won't get enough care from the teachers.‎ C．Because the students can't use the translators properly.‎ D．Because the students won't speak to the teachers any more.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后两句可知，其原因在于这会导致老师把过多的时间用在电脑操作上，学生感觉老师不够关心自己。‎ D Many fruits and vegetables would disappear from grocery store shelves if it weren't for honeybees.Almonds (扁桃仁), for example, are a ＄2.5 billion industry in California, and almond growers depend on ‎ honeybees to pollinate (授粉) the crop.No honeybees would mean no almonds.Many berries (like blackberries and strawberries) need bees, as do vegetables like cucumbers and squash.‎ And don't forget tree crops like apples, oranges and peaches.Watermelon and cantaloupes depend on bees, too.In fact, approximately 15 percent of the food Americans eat comes directly from honeybee pollination.Another 15 percent comes from animals that eat foods that bees pollinate.In other words, close to a third of the food that Americans eat currently requires honeybee pollination.Honeybee pollination is so important that bee farmers actually truck their bees from orchard (果园) to orchard and from farm to farm to help pollinate crops.‎ A honeybee starts the honey making process by visiting a flower.With luck, the flower contains nectar (花蜜), and the bee sucks some of the nectar up with a little straw built into its mouth.Most flower nectars are like sugar water; there is a little sugar mixed with water.Nectars can contain other beneficial substances as well.To make honey, two things happen.‎ The first thing uses enzymes (酶)．One enzyme that bees produce turns the sucrose (蔗糖) in the nectar into glucose (葡萄糖) and fructose (果糖)．Another enzyme turns some of the glucose into an acid and hydrogen peroxide (过氧化氢)．By making honey acidic, it kills any bacteria that get into the honey.‎ The second thing uses evaporation (蒸发) to get rid of the extra water.Most of the moisture has to be evaporated, so that honey is only about 18 percent water.Bees evaporate the extra water by putting little drops of nectar in the hive and fanning it with their wings.‎ Honey is a very stable food.It naturally resists molds (霉菌), fungi (真菌) and other bacteria, allowing it to last for years without refrigeration.‎ 语篇解读：蜜蜂在我们的生活中发挥着很重要的作用，如果没有蜜蜂，也就没有我们食用的很多蔬菜和水果。本文介绍了蜜蜂的重要性及蜜蜂如果授粉、如何制造蜂蜜等。‎ ‎32．Bees are always trucked between different places in order to ________.‎ A．lay eggs in all the orchards and farms B．mate with bees living different zones C．help bee farmers deal with harmful insects D．pollinate flowers or plants grown in different places 解析： 选D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Honeybee pollination is so important that ...farm to farm to help pollinate crops.”可知，蜜蜂授粉的重要性使得蜂农们带着它们在不同的地方给农作物授粉。‎ ‎33．How does a honeybee suck the nectar from flowers?‎ A．Through a little straw built into its mouth.‎ B．With the help of the bee farmer.‎ C．By drinking the water that contains nectar.‎ D．By fanning it with the wings.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the bee sucks some of the nectar up with a little straw built into its mouth”可知选A项。‎ ‎34．Which one is the way mentioned in the passage to make honey?‎ A．To evaporate most of the moisture in the nectar.‎ B．To kill all the bacteria in the nectar.‎ C．To expose it to sunlight for some time.‎ D．To mix the nectar with some sugar.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The second thing uses evaporation (蒸发) to get rid of the extra water.Most of the moisture has to be evaporated, so that honey is only about 18 percent water.”可知，利用蒸发的方法将花蜜中的水分去除是其中一个方法。‎ ‎35．Why honey can be kept for a long time without being cooled?‎ A．Because there is no bacteria in it.‎ B．Because it can stand bad weather conditions.‎ C．Because it protects itself against bacteria naturally.‎ D．Because it is wellpreserved in containers.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，蜂蜜天然可以抵抗霉菌、真菌和其他的细菌，所以不用冰箱也可以存放多年。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ Learning a language can be difficult, especially for adults. English is an especially difficult language to learn because of the grammatical rules.__36__That's because it draws words from several European languages. In addition, many English learners have to learn the pronunciation of some letter sounds they never used in the native language. These factors can be discouraging for someone who wishes to master the English language. However, the difficulties of learning English can be solved.‎ ‎__37__ Most schools have a center that offers help with English learning. Sometimes these centers are called “international centers”．‎ ‎__38__Libraries have lots of books for the learners that can be borrowed for free. Many libraries also offer English tutoring or conversation partners.‎ Find a conversation partner. If you don't have a partner, your school English center can set you up with one, or you can advertise for one in your local newspaper. Talking with a native English speaker is important to English learning.__39__And he can answer your questions about English. Talking with someone also gives you a chance to practice your pronunciation.‎ Read popular Englishlanguage books.Pick books that are at your level or a little easier to encourage you. If you choose something too difficult, you might become unhappy and give up.__40__‎ Watch popular Englishlanguage TV shows and movies.This helps improve your listening abilities, as you become more and more used to hearing English words and finally begin to master them more easily. You also learn how people speak English in everyday conversation.‎ A．Go to your local library.‎ B．English vocabulary is also difficult to learn.‎ C．Visit the English resource center in your school.‎ D．A conversation partner can correct your mistakes.‎ E．You can go to a country where English is widely spoken.‎ F．Reading stories helps you learn vocabulary easily and quickly.‎ G．Write and read English words as many times as you can if you have time.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了学好英语的方法，包括常逛图书馆、多阅读畅销英语图书、看英语电视节目和电影等。‎ ‎36．解析：选B　英语难学不仅因为英语语法难学，还因为英语词汇难学。很多英语单词来自一些欧洲的语言。因此B项符合语境。‎ ‎37．解析：‎ 选C　下一句提到了大多数学校都有为英语学习者提供帮助的服务中心，因此此空选C项。‎ ‎38．解析：选A　本段主要介绍了图书馆为英语学习者提供的服务，因此A项符合语境。‎ ‎39．解析：选D　本段主要强调了与搭档交流的好处。你的会话搭档不仅能帮你纠正错误，还能为你解惑。‎ ‎40．解析：选F　本段主要讲了读英语图书的好处。F项符合语境。读英语故事有助于你学习词汇。‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ ‎(2018·青岛调研)Do you know that body language accounts for over 90% of a conversation? That's why communicating face to face is always better than a telephone conversation__41__if you are trying to sell something!‎ Your body language will give others a general__42__ of you and it will also show your emotions. It's very difficult to make your body__43__. It's easy to tell the difference between a__44__ smile of pleasure and a false smile. So if you understand body language codes (密码), it is usually possible to know what someone really__45__， whatever they may be saying with__46__.‎ Although much of our body language is universal, a lot is also__47__. Culture codes vary from one country to another and they can__48__misunderstandings. Even simple gestures may have a completely different meaning in other parts of the world. For example, the circle__49__made with three raised fingers means “OK” in the United States. But it is not universal. In Brazil, Greece and Germany it is a__50__gesture showing disrespect and in Japan it means “money”！‎ In many Asian cultures, it is not appropriate for men and women to ‎ touch in public. Therefore, displays of affection such as__51__ hands or kissing are not__52__. In some parts of Asia, __53__， it is common for people of the same sex to hold hands as a sign of__54__.‎ Greetings vary according to the country and the sex of the people involved. In the west, it is appropriate to shake hands when you__55__someone for the first time and both men and women can__56__ a handshake. In Indonesia, for example, a man will not offer a handshake to an Indonesian woman__57__they are in a business situation.‎ If you want to avoid making__58__ mistakes when you travel to other countries, you should__59__ their basic culture codes before you leave. If you do this, you are less likely to__60__ people.‎ 语篇解读：文章主要讲述了肢体语言在不同国家的不同含义。肢体语言会给他人留下对你的总体印象，也会显示出你的情绪。让你的身体撒谎很难，但辨别真诚的快乐微笑和假笑很容易。‎ ‎41．A.namely　　　　　　　 　B．particularly C．importantly D．practically 解析：选B　namely意为“也就是，换句话说”；particularly意为“特别地，尤其”；importantly意为“重要地”；practically意为“实际地”。前文提到面对面交流比电话交流效果好，下文列举了一个特别的情况：试图向别人推销东西的时候。故选B项。‎ ‎42．A.imagination B．description C．expression D．impression 解析：选D　imagination意为“想象”；description意为“描述”；expression意为“表达”；impression意为“印象”。肢体语言会给他人留下对你的总体印象。故选D项。‎ ‎43．A.lie B．talk C．act D．conduct 解析：选A　lie意为“撒谎”；talk意为“说”；act意为“行动”；conduct意为“表现；管理”。根据上文的“it will also show your emotions”可知，肢体语言会反映人的情绪，故此处指让你的身体撒谎很难。故选A项。‎ ‎44．A.polite B．shy C．sincere D．ready 解析：选C　polite意为“礼貌的”；shy意为“害羞的”；sincere意为“真诚的”；ready意为“准备的”。既然身体很难撒谎，那么辨别真诚的快乐微笑和假笑很容易。该空和后面的“false(虚假的)”对应，故选C项。‎ ‎45．A.cares B．means C．shows D．considers 解析：选B　care意为“关心；在乎”；mean意为“意思是”；show意为“展示；表明”；consider意为“考虑；认为”。前文提到身体很难撒谎，由此可知通过肢体语言，通常有可能了解一个人真正的意思是什么。故选B项。‎ ‎46．A.words B．examples C．feelings D．movements 解析：选A　word意为“词语；话语”；example意为“例子；榜样”；feeling意为“感受；感情；感觉”；movement意为“行动”。由句意可知选A项。‎ ‎47．A.exact B．foreign C．cultural D．similar 解析：选C　exact意为“准确的；精确的”；foreign意为“‎ 国外的”；cultural意为“文化的”；similar意为“相似的”。由句中的Although以及universal(通用的，普遍的)可知，该空表达的意思应和universal相反，再结合下句中的“Culture codes”，可知选C项。句意：虽然我们大多数的肢体语言具有普遍性，但很多也具有文化性。‎ ‎48．A.clear up B．cut down C．refer to D．lead to 解析：选D　clear up意为“清理”；cut down意为“砍倒”；refer to意为“参考”；lead to意为“导致”。句意：每个国家的文化密码各不相同，且文化密码会导致误解。故选D项。‎ ‎49．A.sign B．mark C．shape D．figure 解析：选A　sign意为“迹象；手势”；mark意为“标记；分数”；shape意为“形状”；figure意为“数字”。句意：例如三根举起的手指加上一个圆圈组成的手势在美国是OK的意思，但这个手势不是通用的。故选A项。‎ ‎50．A.helpless B．rude C．dangerous D．casual 解析：选B　helpless意为“无助的”；rude意为“粗鲁的”；dangerous意为“危险的”；casual意为“随意的”。由下文的“showing disrespect”可知应选B项。句意：在巴西、希腊和德国，这是粗鲁的手势，显示不尊敬，在日本这是“钱”的意思！‎ ‎51．A.shaking B．touching C．raising D．holding 解析：选D　shake hands意为“握手”；touch hands意为“触摸手”；raise hands意为“举手”；hold hands意为“牵手”‎ ‎。句意：因此，表示爱慕(的行为)，比如牵手或亲吻都是不可接受的。shake hands表示握手，是社交场合礼貌性的行为，而语境中指的是男女朋友间的“牵手”。本段最后一句的“hold hands”为原词复现。‎ ‎52．A.comfortable B．suitable C．acceptable D．reasonable 解析：选C　comfortable意为“舒服的”；suitable意为“合适的”；acceptable意为“可接受的”；reasonable意为“合理的”。句意：因此，比如牵手或亲吻都是不可接受的。‎ ‎53．A.therefore B．otherwise C．however D．besides 解析：选C　therefore意为“因此”；otherwise意为“否则”；however意为“然而”；besides意为“除……外，还”。该句和上文是转折关系， 故选C项。句意：然而，在亚洲的一些地方，人们普遍与同性牵手以表示友谊。‎ ‎54．A.friendship B．love C．admiration D．concern 解析：选A　句意见上题解析。friendship意为“友谊”；love意为“爱”；admiration意为“羡慕”；concern意为“关心”。故选A项。‎ ‎55．A.know B．introduce C．approach D．meet 解析：选D　know意为“知道”；introduce意为“介绍”；approach意为“接近”；meet意为“遇见”。由下文的“for the first time”以及“a handshake”可知，这里介绍的是第一次见面的情况。句意：在西方，在你初次和某人见面时握手是合适的。‎ ‎56．A.suggest B．start C．demand D．follow 解析：选B　suggest意为“建议”；start意为“开始”；demand意为“要求”；follow意为“跟随”。此处是说男性和女性都可以先握手。故选B项。‎ ‎57．A.unless B．until C．if D．while 解析：选A　unless意为“除非；如果不”；until意为“直到”；if意为“如果”；while意为“当……的时候”。句意：例如，在印度尼西亚，如果不是谈生意时，男士不会主动同女士握手。故选A项。‎ ‎58．A.surprising B．disappointing C．embarrassing D．interesting 解析：选C　surprising意为“令人惊讶的”；disappointing意为“令人失望的”；embarrassing意为“令人尴尬的”；interesting意为“有趣的”。句意：如果你想避免到其他国家旅行时犯一些尴尬的错误，你就应该在出发前了解他们的基本文化密码。故选C项。‎ ‎59．A.experience B．develop C．respect D．understand 解析：选D　句意见上题解析。experience意为“经历”；develop意为“发展”；respect意为“尊重”；understand意为“理解，懂”。故选D项。‎ ‎60．A.worry B．offense C．affect D．disturb 解析：选B　worry意为“担心”；offense意为“冒犯”；affect意为“影响”；disturb意为“打断；打扰”。句意：如果你这样做，你就可能少冒犯别人了。故选B项。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ I first discovered China Daily a few years ago. It was the first time that I __61__ (visit) China, and I was waiting for my tour guide __62__ (arrive) at the hotel. I picked up a newspaper written in English — China Daily. I opened the newspaper, and __63__ that day on, in every hotel I visited, when the staff asked me, “A newspaper __64__ (deliver) to your room？”I would always answer，” “Do you have China Daily？” Why had I __65__ (immediate) taken a liking to China Daily after just one reading of it? I think that China Daily is a very __66__ (influence) newspaper for many reasons.First of all, China Daily __67__ (write) about both Western and Chinese culture. __68__ example to support this reason is an article I read just the other day: When the Bard (诗人) met his Chinese match. This article is about __69__ both China and the UK will honor their most famous playwrights (剧作家) with a series of __70__ (event) this year. The playwrights are William Shakespeare from the UK and Tang Xianzu from China. And the newspaper also manages to compare them in a proper way.‎ ‎61．had visited　考查时态。It was the first time that ...“第一次……”为固定句型，其中的that从句需要用过去完成时。‎ ‎62．to arrive　考查非谓语动词。句意：我在等我的导游到达宾馆。wait for sb. to do sth.“等待某人做某事”为固定搭配。‎ ‎63．from　考查固定搭配。from ...on意为“从……起”，是固定用法。‎ ‎64．delivered　考查非谓语动词。newspaper与deliver之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处使用deliver的过去分词形式。‎ ‎65．immediately　考查词性转换。句意：为什么我仅读了一次《中国日报》就马上喜欢上它了呢？此处应用副词修饰动词。‎ ‎66．influential　考查词性转换。空处在句中作定语修饰后面的名词newspaper，故用形容词influential“有影响力的”。‎ ‎67．writes　考查时态和语态。《中国日报》的内容与中西方文化都有关系。这是一种客观陈述，表示客观事实要用一般现在时。write作“写道，(以文字)说”讲时通常不用被动语态。‎ ‎68．An　考查冠词。此处泛指“一个例子”，需用不定冠词表泛指，且example的发音以元音音素开头，故需用An。‎ ‎69．how　考查宾语从句。此处表示中英两国如何纪念它们最为著名的剧作家。空处在句中引导一个宾语从句，且表示“如何，怎样”，故用how。‎ ‎70．events　考查名词单复数。此处表示“一系列活动”，根据前面的“a series of”和event作“公开活动”讲时是可数名词可知，空处应填复数形式。‎ Ⅰ.写作规范增分练 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ I used to feel I was the sun in my family. But while my cousin was born, everyone pays more attention to her. So I disliked her and couldn't get along well with her. As time went on, I realized what ridiculous I had been at that time. I tried to find a proper time to apologize. When my cousin's family came to my home a few day ago, I took my cousin to play outside. In the way to the playground, I had bought many snacks for her. Then we began chat. When we talked about their childhood,‎ ‎ suddenly, I said “sorry” gently. She was silently, so I thought that she hadn't heard me clearly. But after while she said, “Don't say that. In my memory, you are always friendly.”‎ 答案：第二句：while→when; pays→paid 第四句：what→how 第六句：day→days 第七句：In→On; 去掉had 第八句：chat→chatting或chat前加to 第九句：their→our 第十句：silently→silent 第十一句：while前加a 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ 假设你是李华，正在一家汉语培训机构兼职教外国小朋友汉语，在上课前请对自己和汉语进行简要介绍。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文：‎ Hello, I'm Li Hua, a Grade 3 student in a high school. I feel honored to be your Chinese teacher. First, I'd like to briefly introduce something about Chinese to you.‎ Chinese is the official language of China, which is one of the ‎ world's major languages. In total, there are over a billion people speaking Chinese, most of whom are Chinese. Chinese characters look beautiful and are rich in meanings. With the development of China, Chinese is becoming more and more popular, and is being learned by more and more overseas friends.‎ That's all. Now let's begin our class.‎ Ⅱ.单元基础回扣练 ‎(一)单句语法填空 ‎1．Being a foreigner, Carl didn't catch on to the joke.‎ ‎2．People all around congratulated Mo Yan_on_winning the Nobel Prize in Literature.‎ ‎3．Are the parking facilities adequate for 50 cars?‎ ‎4．Provided/Providing (provide) that his plan was practical, the first thing we should was to make people aware of the environmental problems.‎ ‎5．Jack's been really annoying me and I think he's doing it on purpose.‎ ‎(二)单句改错 ‎ ‎1．Those heat can warm things up pretty quickly in absence of a cooling system.in后加the ‎2．It is not clear whether the president is willing to negotiate about the democrats.about→with ‎3．Many stores will let you make purchase by telephone._make后加a ‎4．The car is less than a year old, so it is still under the guarantee.去掉the ‎5．In a word, you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt to the new surrounding soon.surrounding→surroundings ‎(三)完成句子 ‎1．On_the_one_hand,_of course, cars are useful. But on_the_other_hand,_they cause a huge amount of pollution.‎ 一方面来说，汽车当然很有用，但从另一方面来说，它们造成了大量污染。‎ ‎2．Much_to_her_embarrassment,_all of her friends refused to go to her birthday party.‎ 让她感到极为尴尬的是，她的所有朋友拒绝参加她的生日聚会。‎ ‎3．In the new term, most students adjusted_themselves_to_the_new_surroundings very quickly.‎ 在新学期，大多数学生很快使自己适应了新环境。‎ ‎4．Whether_you_like_it_or_not,_you have to face him one day.‎ 不管你喜欢与否，有一天你不得不面对他。‎ ‎5．They would inform_him_of/about_any_progress they had made.‎ 他们会把他们取得的任何进展都通知他。‎