【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十（14页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十（14页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之四十 ‎[一]‎ We are naturally drawn to friends and colleagues with familiar voices, scientists have found. People prefer those who have a similar accent, intonation and tone of voice to themselves, they discovered.‎ Previous research has focused on how a male or female voice sounds. Men with deeper voices and women with slightly higher voices were thought to sound more attractive, because they suggest a bigger or a smaller body.‎ But the new study, published by a linguistics expert in Canada, suggests there is a more complex mechanism(机制)at play. Dr Molly Babel, from the University of British Columbia in Canada, said, “The voice is an amazingly flexible tool that we use to construct our identity. Very few things in our voices are changeless, so we felt that our preferences had to be about more than a person’ s shape and size.’’‎ She recorded 30 volunteers’ voices and asked each to rate the others’ attractiveness on a scale of one to nine. Each participant was from western America, with similar accents. The people we assessed were all in the same dialect group, but they showed that dialect to different degrees.‎ ‎“We seem to like people who sound like we sound, we like people who fit within what we know, ” Dr Babel said. She also found that breathy voices in women-typified by the famous American actress Marilyn Monroe-were seen as more attractive.‎ The breathy tone, caused by younger and thinner vocal cords(声带), implied youthfulness and health. A creaky (咯吱作响的)voice, suggesting a person has a cold, is tired or smokes, was seen as unattractive. The participants preferred men who spoke with a shorter average word length and deeper voices.‎ ‎8.The main purpose of the text is to ___________.‎ A.inform readers of the new findings of voices B.compare male voices with female voices ‎ C.argue against women’s voices of speaking D.encourage men to use deeper voices to speak ‎9.Dr. Molly Babel mentions Marilyn Monroe in order to________.‎ A.introduce a creaky voice B.explain a breathy voice C.challenge previous research D.promote her reputation ‎10.In terms of voice preferences, the new findings stress ________.‎ A.body size and shape B.shorter word length C.thicker vocal cords D.the same social groups ‎11.Whose voice may be unattractive according to the text?‎ A.A young lady with a thin voice B.An old lady with a silvery voice C.A deep-voiced man with a dry throat ‎ D.A little man with a quiet and gentle voice 参考答案： 1.A; 2.B; 3.D; 4.C ‎[二]‎ Show your child that you care about him and that you are dependable.‎ Children who feel loved are more likely to be confident. Your child must believe that, no matter what, someone will look out for him. Give your baby or toddler plenty of attention, encouragement, hugs and lap time.‎ Set a good example.‎ Children imitate what they see others do and what they hear others say. When you exercise and eat nourishing(有营养的) food, your child is more likely to do so as well. When you treat others with respect, your child probably will, too.‎ If you share things with others, your child also will learn to be thoughtful of others’ feelings.‎ Provide opportunities for repetition. It takes practice for a child to crawl, pronounce new words or drink from a cup.‎ Your child doesn’t get bored when she repeats things. Instead, by repeating things until she learns them, your child builds the confidence she needs to try new things.‎ Use appropriate discipline. All children need to have limits set for them. Children whose parents give them firm but loving discipline generally develop better social skills and do better in school than children whose parents set too few or too many limits. Here are some ideas.‎ Direct your child’s activities, but don’t be too bossy.‎ Give reasons when you ask your child to do something. Say, for example, “Please move your truck from the stairs so no one falls over it ”—not, “Move it because I said so.”‎ Listen to your children to find out how he feels and whether he needs special support.‎ Show love and respect when you are angry with your child. Criticize your child’s behavior but not the child.‎ Be positive and encouraging. Praise your child for a job well done. Smiles and encouragement go much further to shape good behavior than harsh(严厉的) punishment.‎ ‎12.Why should parents set a good example for their children? A. Because children love their parents. B. Because children like learning from their parents. C. Because children like observing their parents’ behaviour. D. Because children like staying with their parents. 13.A child can learn something well by ________. A. doing it again and again B. watching others do it again and again C. playing with their parents D. building their confidence she/he needs ‎14.Which of the following ideas is WRONG when we educate our children? A. Guide our children to be confident and bossy. B. Say why if we want our child to do things. C. Listen to the children’s feelings and needs carefully. D. Give children love and respect when we become angry. 15.The best title of this passage is “________”. ‎ A. Being Positive and Encouraging B. Love Our Children and Love Ourselves C. How to Set an Example for Our Children D. Helping Your Child Develop 参考答案：1.B; 2.A; 3.A; 4.D 解析：1.细节理解题。从第四段的第一句话“Children imitate what they see others do and what they hear others say.”可以看出,孩子们在模仿自己的父母的接人待物的方式。 2.细节理解题。从第六段的内容可以看出,一个孩子想要做好一件事,必须要给予反复重复的机会。 3.细节理解题。从第九段可以判断出A项信息是错误的;从第十段可以判断出B项信息正确;从第十一段可以判断出C项信息正确;从第十二段可以判断出D项信息正确。 4.标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了怎样帮助孩子培养良好的习惯和如何教育孩子的问题。‎ ‎[三]‎ Shopping for and choosing clothes is challenging enough. But imagine if you were unable to use your arms to do anything, or used a wheelchair.‎ The conditions are reality for four people who became the “customers” of 15 students at Parsons School of Design at the New School this year. The students spent their spring term creating clothing to fit their customers’ unique requirements as part of a class run by Open Style Lab, a nonprofit organization whose aim is to design functional and fashionable clothing for people with disabilities.‎ ‎“Disability overlaps (关联、一致) with aging and universal design,” said Grace Jun, the director of the program. “We need to see it as part of our life cycle. It’s something that we need to not only see from a human rights standpoint but also for its economic value.”‎ ‎“I’m always looking at me being the problem and the clothing as being OK,” said Kieran Kern, who gets around in a wheelchair. When Ms. Kern approached Open Style Lab, she was looking for a coat that would be easy to put on with the limitations of a weaker body. Her team came up with a design with a circular rod (杆) that runs ‎ through the collar and allows Ms. Kern to swing the coat across her back with one hand.‎ ‎“The idea of having a coat that sees the parts that make me as just parts and not as a problem that I need to solve was really liberating in an identity sense,” Ms. Kern said. “Because generally, when you have a different body, you don’t really see yourself.”‎ ‎“I think the challenges the students faced throughout the course had a lot to do with the exchange of ideas,” Ms. Jun said. “They were able to understand that no two people with a disability are alike. Being able to design uniquely means you have to have a collaborative (合作) process. We’re designing with each other, not for.”‎ ‎33. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A. Aging. B. Disability. C. Design. D. The program.‎ ‎34. What did the students find challenging according to Ms. Jun?‎ A. Creativity in fashion design. ‎ B. Interpersonal communication.‎ C. Making clothing part of a wearer.‎ D. Meeting the needs of the disabled.‎ ‎35. What would be the best title for the text?‎ A. Open Style Lab ‎ B. A new fashion industry C. Disability is no longer a problem ‎ D. Designs that do more than meet the eye 参考答案： BBD ‎ ‎[四]‎ At your next meeting, wait for a pause in conversation and try to measure how long it lasts.‎ Among English speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at most. But while this pattern may be universal, our awareness of silence differs dramatically across cultures.‎ What one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as a valuable moment of reflection and sign of respect for what the last speaker has said. Research in Dutch and also in English found that when a silence in conversation stretches to four seconds, people start to feel uneasy. In contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that Japanese people are happy with silences of 8.2 seconds — nearly twice as long as in Americans’ meetings.‎ ‎ In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is when you don’t speak at all. It’s already a failure to understand each other by speaking because you’re repairing that failure by using words.‎ ‎ In the US, it may originate from the history of colonial (殖民地) America as a crossroads of many different races. When you have a complex of difference, it’s hard to establish common understanding unless you talk and there’s understandably a kind of anxiety unless people are verbally engaged to establish a common life. This applies also to some extent to London.‎ ‎ In contrast, when there’s more homogeneity, perhaps it’s easier for some kinds of silence to appear. For example, among your closest friends and family it’s easier to sit in silence than with people you’re less well acquainted with.‎ ‎25. Which of the following people might have the longest silence in conversation?‎ ‎ A. The Dutch. B. Americans. C. The English. D. The Japanese.‎ ‎26. What might the Japanese agree with in a conversation?‎ ‎ A. Speaking more gives the upper hand.‎ ‎ B. Speak out what you have in your mind.‎ ‎ C. Great minds think alike without words.‎ ‎ D. The shorter talking silence, the better.‎ ‎27. What can we learn from the text?‎ ‎ A. A four second silence in conversation is universal.‎ ‎ B. It’s hard for Americans to reach a common agreement.‎ ‎ C. English speakers are more talkative than Japanese speakers.‎ ‎ D. The closer we and our family are, the easier the silence appears.‎ ‎28. What does the underlined word “homogeneity” in the last paragraph mean?‎ ‎ A. Similarity. B. Contradiction. C. Diversity. D. Misunderstanding.‎ 参考答案：DCDA ‎[五]‎ Businesses are witnessing a difficult time, which has in turn produced influence on consumers’ desire to go green. However, shoppers are still laying stress on environmental concerns.‎ Two thirds of customers say that environmental considerations inform their purchases to the same degree as they did a year ago, while more than a quarter say that they are now even better aware of the environmental effect on what they buy.‎ This may help to influence how shops store goods on their shelves. And the companies should still make efforts to become more environmentally friendly. Two out of three people think it is important to buy from environmentally responsible companies, with about one in seven saying that they had even decided to take their custom elsewhere if they felt a company’s environmental reputation was not good enough.‎ Harry Morrison, chief executive（主管）of the Carbon Trust, sympathizes：“I understand this situation where survival is very important now. But from environmental considerations, the clock is ticking—we don’t have much time. In addition, cutting carbon has an immediate effect as costs drop and a medium-term benefit for the brand.”‎ Larger companies have an extra motivation to look at reducing their carbon footprint, as new rules next year will require businesses to buy carbon allowances to make up for their emissions（排放）. Those that have taken early action will have a head start. More than two thirds of consumers are not clear about which companies are environmentally responsible. This suggests that firms that are able to relay clearly their message to the public will be in a pole position to attract shoppers.‎ The Carbon Trust believes that it can help by informing customers about the good work companies are doing.“When companies are granted（授予）the standard, they can use a logo（标识）in all their marketing which makes it clear that they are working towards cutting emissions,”Mr. Morrison said.‎ ‎28．What’s the main idea of the passage?‎ A．Businesses are finding ways to send their message to the shoppers.‎ B．Companies will soon get information about cutting carbon emissions.‎ C．Firms are making efforts to encourage customers to keep goods at home.‎ D．Firms are urged to cut carbon emissions by shoppers’ environmental awareness.‎ ‎29．The underlined word“inform”in Paragraph 2 probably means“ ”.‎ A．affect B．change C．disturb D．reject ‎30．According to Harry Morrison, businesses .‎ A．will benefit from cutting carbon emissions B．should buy carbon allowances for shoppers C．are required to make up for their carbon emissions D．have encouraged shoppers to take their custom elsewhere ‎31 ．We can learn from the passage that businesses will .‎ A．have a strong desire to reduce costs B．use the same logo in their marketing C．gain advantages by taking early action D．attract more shoppers by storing goods 参考答案：28-31DAAC ‎[六]‎ Forget Twitter and Facebook, Google and the Kindle. Television is still the most influential medium around. Indeed, for many of the poorest regions(地区)of the world, it remains the next big thing——finally becomes globally available. And that is a good thing, because the TV revolution is changing lives for the better.‎ Across the developing world, around 45% of families had a TV in 1995; by 2005 the number had climbed above 60%. That is some way behind the U.S., where are more TVs than people, and where people now easily get access to the Internet. Five million more families in sub-Saharan Africa will get a TV over the next five years. In 2005, after the fall of the Taliban（塔利班）,which had outlawed TV, 1 in 5 Afghans had one. The global total is another 150 million by 2013——pushing the numbers to well beyond two thirds of families.‎ Television’s most powerful effect will be on the lives of women. In India, researchers Robert Jensen and Emily Oster found that when TVs reached villages, women were more likely to go to the market without their husbands’ approval and less likely to want a boy rather than a girl. They were more likely to make decisions over child health care. TV is also a powerful medium for adult education. In the Indian state of Gujarat, Chitrageet is a popular show that plays Bollywood songs with words in Gujarati on the screen. Within six months, viewers had made a small but significant(有意义的) improvement in their reading skills.‎ Too much TV has been associated with violence, overweight and loneliness. However, TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide.‎ ‎24.The underlined word “outlawed” in paragraph 2 probably means “ ”.‎ A. allowed B. banned C. offered D. refused ‎25.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. Americans used to get access to the Internet easily.‎ B. The world’s TV sets will total 150million by 2013.‎ C.45% of families in the developing countries had a TV in 2005.‎ D. Over two thirds of families in the world will have a TV by 2013.‎ ‎26.The author intends to .‎ A. stress the advantages of TV to people’s lives ‎ B. persuade women to become more independent ‎ C. encourage people to improve their reading skills ‎ D. introduce the readers some websites such as Google ‎ ‎27.What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A.TV Will Rule the World B.TV Will Disturb the World ‎ C.TV Will Better the World D.TV Will Remain in World 参考答案：24-27. BDAC ‎[七]‎ F. Scott Fitzgerald, born on September 24,1896, an American novelist, was once a student of St.Paul Academy, the Newman School and attended Princeton. University for a short while. In 1917 he joined the army and was posted in Alabama, where he met his future wife Zelda Sayre. Then he had to make some money to impress her.‎ His life with her was full of great happiness, as he wrote in his diary :“ My own happiness in the past often approached such joy that I could share it even with the person dearest to me but had to walk it away in quiet streets and take down parts of it in my diary.”‎ This side of paradise, his first novel, was published in 1920, encouraged by its success, Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing. Then he continued with the novel the Beautiful and Damned (1922), a collection of short stories Thales of the Jazz Age (1922), and a play The Vegetable (1923). But his greatest success was The Great Gatsby, published in 1925,which quick brought him praise from the literary world. Yet it failed to give him the needed financial security. Then, in 1926, he published another collection of short stories All the Sad Young Men.‎ However, Fitzgerald’s problems with his wife Zelda affected his writing. During the 1920s he tried to reorder his life, but failed. By 1930, his wife had her first breakdown and went to a Swiss clinic. During this period he completed novels Tender Is the Night in 1934 and The love of the last Tycoon in 1940. While his wife was in hospital in the United States, he got totally addicted to alcohol. Sheila Graham, his dear friend, helped him fight his alcoholism.‎ ‎21. Which of the following is the correct order to describe Fitzgerald’s life according to the passage?‎ a. He became addicted to drinking.‎ b. He studied at St.Paul Academy. ‎ c. He published his first novel This Side of Paradise.‎ d. The Great Gatsby won high praise.‎ e. He failed to reorder his life.‎ f. He joined the army and met Zelda.‎ A. f-c-e-a-b-d B. b-e-a-f-c-d C. f-d-e-c-b-a D. b-f-c-d-e-a ‎22. We can infer from the passage that Fitzgerald .‎ A. had made some money when he met Zelda in Alabama.‎ ‎ B. was well educated and well off before he served in the army C. would have completed more works if his wife hadn’t broken down D. helped his friend get rid of drinking while his wife was in hospital ‎23. The passage is probably followed by a concluding paragraph about .‎ A. Zelda’s personal life B. Zelda’s illness and treatment C. Fitzgerald’s friendship with Graham D. Fitzgerald’s contributions to the literary world ‎ 参考答案：21-23 DCD ‎ ‎[八]‎ The United States is one of the few countries in the world that has an official day on which fathers are honored by their children．On the third Sunday in June, fathers all across the United States are given presents, treated to dinner or otherwise made to feel special．‎ However, the idea for creating a day for children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington．A woman by the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought of the idea for Father’s Day while listening to a Mother’s Day sermon in 1909. Having been raised by her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was to her．‎ It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, in the eyes of his daughter, a selfless and loving man．Sonora’s father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father’s Day celebration in Spokane, Washington on the 19th of June, 1910．‎ In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge declared the third Sunday in June as Father’s Day．Roses are the Father’s Day flowers: red to be worn for a living father and white if the father has died．‎ When children can’t visit their fathers or take them out to dinner, they send a greeting card. Traditionally, fathers prefer greeting cards that are not too sentimental. Most greeting cards are too special so fathers laugh when they open them．Some give heartfelt thanks for being there whenever the child need Dad．‎ ‎1.The United States is special in Father’s Day because ______．‎ A．many people celebrate the day             B．only American people celebrate the day C．America makes it an official day          D．all men are honored in America ‎2. How many years has passed before Father’s Day became an official day since the father’s day was celebrated?‎ A．4              B．10                      C．14                          D．24‎ ‎3. According to the passage, on Father’s Day, ______．‎ A．people will wear the same flowers to honour their fathers.‎ B．only daughters wear red flowers to honour their fathers.‎ C．children must go home to honour their fathers D．fathers are often honoured in different ways.‎ ‎4. According to the passage, we can infer that Henry Jackson Smart ______．‎ A．was very kind to anyone B．did a lot for his daughter C．was the first father honored in 1924 D．always help others by giving money ‎ 参考答案：1.C 2.C 3.D 4.B ‎ ‎[九]‎ Thousands of taxi drivers in Shenyang, Liaoning province, reportedly blocked streets with their vehicles on Sunday in protest against unlicensed vehicles using taxi-hiring apps (打车软件) and apps-based car rental companies providing passenger services, including high-end cars. Although the drivers also complained about the withdrawal of the fuel subsidy by the government, their main complaint was the loss of business because of the rising number of Internet-based car services companies.‎ On Wednesday, news reports came that Beijing transport authorities will take measures to stop the illegal “taxi business” of private cars through the newly rising Internet apps, following the footsteps of Shenyang and Nanjing.‎ It is not yet clear how the Shenyang city government will handle the issue and whether it will declare the services offered by market leaders such as Didi Dache, a taxi-hiring app provider backed by Tencent Holdings, and Kuaidi Dache illegal. But Shanghai transport regulators have set a rule, by banning Didi Zhuanche, or car services offered by Didi Dache in December.‎ Such regulations will cause a setback to the car-hiring companies and investors that are waiting to cash in on the potentially booming business. Just last month, Didi Dache got $700 million in funding from global investors, including Singapore state investment company Temasek Holdings, Russian investment company DST Global and Tencent. Moreover, the market is uncertain that Kuaidi Dache is about to finalize its latest round of funding after getting $800 million from overseas investors.‎ Regulatory uncertainties, however, could cast a shadow on the future of the Internet-based car-hiring services, which have become popular in most of China’s big cities. To be fair, these companies’ business model is anything but bad. For example, Didi Zhuanche works side by side with established car rental companies to provide high-end car service mainly for business people through the Internet and mobile phone apps.‎ Every link in this business model chain has legal companies and services. Hence, ‎ it is hard to define it as illegal and ban it.‎ ‎32. Why did taxi drivers in Shenyang block the streets with their vehicles?‎ A. Because they wanted the authority to increase their driving allowances.‎ B. Because they wanted to be taught how to use the taxi-hiring apps.‎ C. Because they wanted to make their main complaints known to the authority.‎ D. Because they wanted to attract passengers not to hire the private cars.‎ ‎33. The author’s attitude to banning internet car-hiring service is______.‎ A. positive B. negative C. neutral D. unclear ‎34. Which of the following statements is false according to the passage?‎ A. The problem referred to in the passage exists in all cities.‎ B. App-based car rental is functional to some degree.‎ C. The government should regulate the app-based car rental market.‎ D. Didi Dache is a China-foreign joint company.‎ ‎35. We can learn from the passage that _____.‎ A. Shenyang forbade apps-based car rental companies.‎ B. Shanghai is the second city banning Didi Zhuanche.‎ C. Some investment companies have confidence in apps-based car rental companies.‎ D. It is not difficult to picture the apps-based car rental companies illegal.‎ 参考答案：32-35 CBAC ‎[十]‎ Are you able to tell if people are lying? There is a piece of good news that a technology company is developing a lie detector app for smart phones that could be used by parents, teachers and Internet daters. The app measures blood flow in the face to assess whether or not you are telling the truth. Its developers say that it could be used for Internet daters wanting to see if somebody really is interested in them. Parents could use it on their children to see if they are lying, and teachers could work out which pupils are truthful.‎ The app is being developed by Toronto startup NuraLogix and the app is called ‎ Transdermal Optical Imaging. The idea is that different human feelings create different facial blood flow patterns that we have no control over. These patterns change if we are telling the truth or telling a lie. Using footage from the smart phone camera, the app will see the changes in skin colour and compare them to standardized results.‎ A study finds that anger is connected with more facial blood flow and redness while sadness is connected with less of both.‎ Kang Lee, who has been researching the field for 20 years, said that the lie detector test will let you find out the truth remotely and secretly. He said: “It could be very useful, for example, for teachers. A lot of our students have math anxiety, but they do not want to tell us because that’s embarrassing.”‎ Lee added that the technology would not replace lie detectors used in a court of law. He said: "They want the accuracy to be extremely high, like genetic tests---a one-in-a-million error rate. Our technique won't be able to achieve an extremely high accuracy level, so because of that, I don't think it's useful for the courts. He added that it will be a few years before the dating app is available to consumers.‎ ‎28. What is the first paragraph mainly about?‎ A. The operation process of the app. ‎ B. The history of a technology company.‎ C. The functions and applications of the app. ‎ D. The origin and development of the new technology.‎ ‎29. What do we know about the app?‎ A. Its accuracy is the same as genetic tests.‎ B. It can help teachers pick out the honest pupils.‎ C. It will help see the structures of human skin.‎ D. It has been already on the market for a few years.‎ ‎30. What can we learn from the text?‎ A. The technology will be applied to the medical field.‎ B. The technology will replace lie detectors in the court of law.‎ C. Different human feelings have nothing to do with facial blood flow patterns.‎ D. Sadness is related to less facial blood flow and redness when compared with anger.‎ ‎31. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. The Story about Kang Lee. B. The Disadvantages of New Technology.‎ C. Various Smart Phones. D. A Developing App for Smart Phones.‎ 参考答28-31 CBDD ‎