2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用讲义：必修3Unit2Healthyeating

2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用讲义：必修3Unit2Healthyeating

Unit 2 Healthy eating 一、课前基础自查 (一)分类记单词——省时高效 Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意) 1.muscle n．　　肌肉；(食用)瘦肉 2.digest vi.& vt. 消化 n. 摘要；概要 3.glare vi. 怒目而视；闪耀 n. 怒视；炫目的光 4.spy vi.& vt. 窥探；秘密监视 n. 间谍；侦探 5.roast adj. 烤制的 vt.& vi. 烤；烘；烘烤 6.obesity n. 过度肥胖 7.garlic n. 大蒜 8.cooperation n. 合作；协作 9.breast n. 胸部；乳房 10.fibre n. 纤维；纤维制品 11.vitamin n. 维生素 12.protein n. 蛋白质 Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形) 1.diet n．　　　　　　日常饮食 vi. 节食 2.fry vt.& vi. 油煎；油炸 3.slim vi. 变细；减肥 adj. 苗条的；纤细的 4.lie n. 谎话；谎言 vi. 说谎 5.customer n. 顾客；消费者 6.consult vt. 咨询；请教；商量 7.sigh vi. 叹息；叹气 n. 叹息；叹息声 8.debt n. 债；债务 9.hostess n. 女主人；女主持人 10.discount n. 折扣 Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变) 1.balance n．天平；平衡 vt.平衡；权衡 →balanced adj.均衡的 2.curiosity n．好奇心→curious adj.好奇的 →curiously adv.好奇地 3.weakness n．缺点；虚弱；弱点→weak adj.虚弱的 4.strength n．强项；长处；力量→strengthen vt.加强；巩固→strong adj.强壮的；坚强的 5.limit vt.限制；限定 n.界限；限度→limited adj.有限的→limitation n．范围；限制 [语境活用] 1.Children are always curious about everything they see and hear.They will ask all kinds of questions curiously.To meet their curiosity,_we'd better answer them patiently.(curiosity) 2.David has a strong body.He has the strength to do this hard work.We had better strengthen the relationship with him.(strength) 3.Everyone knows the benefit of learning English and if you learn it well, it will be 6.benefit n．利益；好处 vt.& vi.有益于；有 助于；受益→beneficial adj.有益的 7.combine vt.& vi.(使)联合；(使)结合 →combination n．结合；联合 beneficial to your future career.It is reported that many graduates have benefited from having a good command of English.(benefit) 4.We can't always combine work with pleasure, and the combination is hard to get.(combine) 5.The natural resources we have are limited.Therefore we have no reason to waste the precious resources without limit.(limit) (二)练中记短语——记牢用活 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空) 1.lose_weight　　　　　　体重减轻；减肥 2.get_away_with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不 受惩罚 3.tell_a_lie 说谎 4.win_...back 赢回；重新获得 5.earn_one's_living 谋生 6.in_debt 欠债 7.spy_on 暗中监视；侦查 8.cut_down 削减；删节 9.before_long 不久以后 10.put_on_weight 增加体重 11.glare_at 怒目而视 12.balanced_diet 平衡膳食 13.for_the_benefit_of 为了……的利益 14.keep_fit 保持健康 1.Though Jenny is the best student in study, she shouldn't get_away_with telling a lie. 2.Many people who live along the coast earn_their_living by the fishing industry. 3.You smoke too much, you should try to cut_down in order to keep healthy. 4.Before_long,_he decided to return to the small village where he once lived to help those poor children. 5.Since his mother has been ill for a long time, he is heavily in_debt. 6.You eat the foods containing too much sugar and fat, which makes you put_on_weight easily. 7.The government will have to work hard to win_back the confidence of the people. (三)仿写明句式——以用为本 教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 1.“Nothing could be better，” he thought. 他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的 了。” 否定词与比较级连用 表示最高级含义。 就我看来， 没有什么比阅读更让 人愉快的了。 As far as I'm concerned, nothing_could_be_more_pleasant than reading. 2.Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did. 要是李昌不像往常那样到他的餐 馆里来吃饭，那问题一定严重了。 as 引导方式状语从句。 要是他不像以前那样微笑的话，那 他肯定是遇到了令他不高兴的事。 Something unpleasant must have happened to him if he didn't smile as_he_always_did. 3.He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies！ 他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑 掉！ can't have sb.doing sth.“不允许某人做 某事”。 我不允许你用粗鲁的方式跟你的 妈妈说话。你必须立刻向她道歉。 I can't_have_you_speaking_to_you r_mother in a rude manner.You must apologize to her immediately. 4.According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet. 根据我的研究，你我两家餐馆所 提供的都不是平衡膳食。 neither ...nor ...意为 “既不……也 不……”。 我们的学校位于美丽的天津市，在 秋天它既不太热也不太冷。 Our school lies in Tianjin City, which is beautiful.In autumn, it is neither_too_hot_nor_too_cold. 二、课堂重点深化 1．balance n．天平；平衡 vt.平衡；权衡 　[自主体验] 单句语法填空 ① Before making the final decision, you'd better balance the advantages against the disadvantages. ②You'd better keep a balanced (balance) diet for the benefit of your health. 补全句子 ③When the boy was running after his brother, he lost_his_balance and had a bad fall. 当小男孩跑着追哥哥时，他失去平衡重重地跌了一跤。 　[系统归纳] (1)balance A against B　　　　　 权衡/比较 A 和 B (2)balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的 keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食 (3)keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡 keep one's balance 保持平衡 lose one's balance 失去平衡 　[重点强化] 佳句时时写 ④你太努力工作了，你最好在工作和休闲之间保持平衡。 You are working too hard.You'd better keep_a_balance_between_work_and_relaxation. 僻义牢牢记 ⑤I must check my bank balance before I decide to buy the car.余额 2．lie v．说谎；躺下；位于 n.谎言；谎话 　[自主体验] 单句语法填空 ①My mother won't have me lying (lie) to her no matter what happens. ②The town lies (lie) on the coast with amazing scenery, which attracts many visitors every year. ③He didn't finish his homework last night so he told lies (lie)． ④The survivors lay (lie) on the beach, exhausted and shocked. 　[系统归纳] (1)tell a lie/lies　　　　 撒谎；说谎 a white lie 善意的谎言 (2)lie to sb. 向某人撒谎 lie in 在于…… 　[重点强化] 易错对对碰(lie/lay) ⑤The boy lying on the ground lied to his mother that the cock had laid an egg. ⑥The living room is clean and tidy, with a dinning table already laid for a meal. 佳句时时写 ⑦毫无疑问，这个候选人的优势在于他能用英语和外国人交流。 There is no doubt that this candidate's advantage lies_in_his_ability_to_communicate_with foreigners in English. [名师指津] 单词 词性 词义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 lie vi. 说谎 lied lied lying lie vi. 躺；位于 lay lain lying lay vt. 放置；下蛋 laid laid laying 3．strength n．[C]强项；长处；优点 [U]力量；体力 　[自主体验] 单句语法填空 ①(2017·北京高考)One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen (strong) new memories. ②The strength of riding bikes is that it can build up our strength. ③The ability to keep calm is one of his strengths (strength)． [系统归纳] (1)build up one's strength/body　　 强身健体 strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点 The strength of ...is that ... ……的优点是…… (2)strengthen vt.& vi. 加强；巩固 　[重点强化] 佳句时时写 ④(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)为了强身健体，我们经常组织各种各样的活动，例如：打 篮球、乒乓球等。 To_build_up_our_strength,_we often organize all kinds of activities, such as playing basketball and table tennis. 4．limit vt.限制；限定 n.界限；限度 　[自主体验] 单句语法填空 ①Set a limit to the number of tasks you take on each day and stick to it. ②Life is limited (limit), but there is no limit to serving (serve) the people. ③Any driver found driving beyond the speed limit will be charged. 　[系统归纳] (1)beyond the limit　　　　　 超过限度 within the limits of 在……范围内 set a limit to sth. 对……规定限度 there is a/no limit to sth. 对……是有限的/无限的 (2)limit ...to ... 把……限制在……内 (3)limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj. 无限的 　[重点强化] 佳句时时写 ④(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)文章的长度应限制在 400 词左右。 The length of the article should_be_limited_to 400 words or so. 僻义牢牢记 ⑤The public is not allowed within a 2­mile limit of the missile site.界限 5．benefit n．好处；利益；优势 vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益 　[自主体验] 单句语法填空 ①As we all know, books are the source of knowledge, from which I benefit a lot. ②If I am lucky enough to be elected, I will make every effort to serve for the benefit of students and our club. ③As everyone knows, sports are beneficial (benefit) to building our strength. 　[系统归纳] (1)benefit from/by ...　　 从……中受益；得益于…… (2)for the benefit of 为了……的利益 (3)beneficial adj. 有益的；有利的 Error! 对……有益；有益于 (to为介词) 　[重点强化] 佳句时时写(一句多译) (2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)了解中国的餐桌礼仪对你很有益。 ④Having_a_good_knowledge_of_table_manners_of_China_will_benefit_you_greatly.(b enefit vt.) ⑤Having_a_good_knowledge_of_table_manners_of_China_will_be_of_great_benefit_t o_you.(benefit n．) ⑥ Having_a_good_knowledge_of_table_manners_of_China_will_be_very_beneficial_to_you.(b eneficial) 僻义牢牢记 ⑦In 1986, more than three million people were receiving unemployment benefit.救济金 6．combine vt.& vi.(使)联合；(使)结合 [自主体验] 单句语法填空 ①Only when our theory is_combined (combine) with practice can the former become reliable knowledge. ②It was several factors that combined to_harm (harm) our friendship. ③The firm is working on a new product in combination with several overseas partners. 　[系统归纳] (1)combine ...with/and ...　 把……与……结合起来 combine to do sth. 联合起来做某事 (2)combination n． 结合；联合；组合；联合体；结合物 in combination (with) (与……)联合/结合 　[重点强化] 佳句时时写 ④如果他能把自己的才能和勤奋结合起来，他应该会很有成就。 If he can combine_his_ability_with_hard_work,_he should be very successful. 1．get away with 受到从轻发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚 　[系统归纳] get away (from) 　 　　 (从……)脱离；逃脱(……) get along/on with 与……相处；进展 get down to (doing) sth. 开始认真地做某事 get over 克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来 get through 完成；接通电话；通过 get across (to sb.) (向某人)解释清楚；使(某人)了解 　[重点强化] 用法条条清(选用上述短语填空) ①I rang him several times this morning but could not get_through to him. ②If we can get_over present difficulties, then everything should be all right. ③It took a long time to get_across to the workers the way the machine worked. ④Every now and then I like to spend a few days in the country to get_away_from the noise and pollution of London. 佳句时时写 ⑤我们的英语老师严格要求我们，他绝不允许我们在考试中的作弊行为不受处罚。 Our English teacher is very strict with us.He won't have us getting_away_with_cheating_in_the_exam. 2．cut down 削减；删节；减少；砍倒；降低；杀死；夺去……的生命 　[自主体验] 写出下列句中 cut down 的含义 ①Every one of us can make a great effort to cut down the use of energy in our country. 减少；削减 ②Immediate actions should be taken, like stopping cutting down trees, to better the environment.砍倒 ③Hunger, cold and illness have cut down many of the villagers.杀死；夺去……的生命 　[系统归纳] cut in　　　　　　 插话；让某人分享利润 cut up 切碎；齐根切掉 cut out 删除 cut through 开辟 cut off 切断；中止；隔绝；剥夺继承权 　[重点强化] 用法条条清(cut in/cut off/cut up) ④I'd feel cut_off if I didn't know what was happening in the world. ⑤Cut_up the carrots before you put them into the pot. ⑥She kept cutting_in on our conversation, which made us very angry. 佳句时时写 ⑦为了保持健康，我们应该减少上网的时间。 In order to keep fit, we should cut_down_the_time_spent_in_surfing_the_Internet. 3．否定词与比较级连用表示最高级含义 　[教材原句]　“Nothing_could_be_better，” he thought. 　[自主体验] ①Your story is perfect; I've never heard a_better_one before. 你的故事太完美了，我之前从来没有听过比这更好的故事。 ②Tom is taller_than_any_other_student in our class. 汤姆是我们班最高的学生。 ③You can_never_be_too_careful while crossing the street. 过马路时，你越小心越好。 　[归纳点拨] 表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构： (1)“否定词＋比较级”意为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定 词有 no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly 等。 (2)比较级＋than＋Error! (3)can/could＋never/not＋be＋Error! 　[佳句背诵] ①( 增 分 要 点 句 )(2018· 全 国 卷 Ⅲ 书 面 表 达 )From my point of view, nothing is more important than health in our daily life.As a consequence, we often take part in varieties of after­school activities in the newly­built stadium. 就我个人而言，身体健康最重要，因此，我们常常在新建的体育场参加各种各样的课 外活动。 ②( 增 分 要 点 句 )As a student, I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by my teacher before my classmates. 作为学生，我可以告诉你，没有什么比在同学面前被老师表扬更好的了。 4．can't have sb.doing sth.“不允许某人做某事” 　[教材原句]　He could_not_have_Yong_Hui_getting away with telling people lies! 　[自主体验] ①You can't have your children running (run) around in the house. ②There is no need to worry about.I will have Tom pick (pick) you up at the airport. ③(2016·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)I intended to take up a part­time job, through which I can have my horizons broadened (broaden)． ④(2017·天津高考)I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train to_catch (catch)． 　[归纳点拨] 用法规则 (1)have sb.doing sth.意为“允许某人做某事”时，常用于否定句中；意为“让 某人一直做某事”时，强调动作的持续性 (2)have sb.do sth.让某人做某事 (3)have sth.done 让/叫别人做某事；遭遇某种(不幸的)事情；使某事完成 (4)have sth.to do 有事情要做(不定式作定语) 注意事项 该句型解题的关键在于搞明白 have 的含义。 (1)have 是使役动词就要考虑 have sb.doing; have sb.do; have sth.done (2)have 是及物动词“有”含义时，就要考虑 have sth.to do 　[佳句背诵] ①(精彩开头句)(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I'm terribly sorry for not being able to go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.I have just found that I have an important meeting to attend that afternoon. ②(增分要点句)I won't have you making the same mistake again and again. 本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自我”中的“饮食健康”子话题相对应 一、话题语素积累多一点 子话题——饮食健康 (一)浅易词汇温一温 ①mental　　　　②physical　　　③necessary　　④taste ⑤energy ⑥recover ⑦lifestyle ⑧habit ⑨fat ⑩effect ⑪strong ⑫breathe ⑬contain ⑭tired ⑮relaxed ⑯safety (二)生疏词汇记一记 ①refresh v．　　　　　　　　 (使)精神振作；(使)精力恢复 ②nutrition n. 营养；滋养 ③snack n. 小吃零食及其他 ④bacteria n. 细菌 ⑤protein n. 蛋白质 ⑥vitamin n. 维生素 ⑦fibre n. 纤维 ⑧intake n. 摄入量 ⑨calorie n. 卡路里；热量 ⑩cuisine n. 饭菜；菜肴 ⑪beancurd n. 豆腐 ⑫porridge n. 稀饭；粥 ⑬mineral n 矿物质 ⑭cheese n. 奶酪 (三)常用词块忆一忆 ①be rich in 　　　　　　　　　　　　 富含 ②be high/low in 含……高/低 ③be good/bad for 对……有益/有害 ④stay up 熬夜；不睡觉 ⑤go to bed early and get up early 早睡早起 ⑥be harmful to/do harm to 对……有害 ⑦keep healthy both physically and mentally　保持身心健康 ⑧take regular exercise 进行有规律的锻炼 ⑨develop a healthy eating habit 养成健康的饮食习惯 ⑩for lack of 由于缺乏 ⑪attach much more importance to 认为……更重要 ⑫concentrate on 集中精力于 ⑬take an active part in 积极参加 ⑭consist of 包括 ⑮keep fit 保持健康 (四)写作佳句背一背 ①The majority of people take in too much fat and not enough fibre, which does great harm to their health. ②Eating in a healthy way and exercising regularly are the key to keeping healthy. ③As far as I'm concerned, we should develop a healthy eating habit to build up our strength.Only in this way can we have enough energy to study. 二、“分步写作”表达准一点 读后续写情节发展合理化 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 I just finished reading a story about a school administrator who was once a middle school teacher in a large American city. She had a life­changing experience that I can identify_with too. After dinner one evening, she was waiting to get on the elevator and when the doors opened, she was face to face with a former student who she had made leave school. The student was not allowed to return and now, several years later, she was faced_with the same student. He had brought a BB gun to school. There were zero tolerance rules in place in the school. A BB gun, though not a deadly weapon, could still do a lot of bodily harm and perhaps it could prove dangerous. The fact is, the school was no place for it to be brought. The student was expelled (开除) and told not to come back. She and the student, immediately recognized each other and he offered a pleasant greeting to her as he stepped_out_of the elevator. He had in fact joined the military academy and was about to take the SAT to enter college. She was thankful that his life had not gone in_a_different_direction and that he wasn't in_jail. He had a positive outlook on his life and a plan to pursue something good in his future. Yesterday, I was in a grade 1 high school class teaching TOEFL Speaking. Tony was sitting in the first row. I noticed that before class, Tony had slightly kicked a desk and was obviously upset about something. I also know that he has a girlfriend in the class and I quickly concluded that they'd had an argument. I know that it is silly of him to act that way or perhaps even have a girlfriend at that age. Nevertheless,_he does and this little drama was unfolding even before class began. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右； 2．至少使用 5 个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1： I was also sensitive to the fact that he likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class.　 Paragraph 2： I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him.　 [写作步骤] 第一步：速读全文 文本大意：作者首先分享了一个故事：一位老师遇到以前被自己开除的学生，学生被 开除的原因是他把 BB 枪带进了校园。出乎意料的是这个学生目前在军校读书，而且积极向 上。然后作者讲述了在自己的课堂上遇到的一件事。 叙述意图：文章告诉我们教育需要爱心，友善的态度是教育最基本的前提条件，而且 也是教育的真正动力。 第二步：细读全文 1．所给短文情景模式分析。 who I, a middle school teacher, a former student, Tony what A student was expelled (开除). However, he had a positive outlook on his life. Then the author told us what happened in a high school class when teaching TOEFL Speaking. when after dinner one evening, yesterday where in a high school class why The student had brought a BB gun to school while Tony had had an argument with his girlfriend. 2．对原文所提供的下划线词语进行分类。 ★人物：teacher, student ★事件：in a different direction, in jail, faced with ★动作与心理描写：identify with, step out of, upset, conclude ★其他：nevertheless 第三步：精心谋篇 1．Paragraph 1：I was also sensitive to the fact that he likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class.　我也意识到这一事实，他可能不愿 意站起来回答我给同学们提出的托福问题。 [情节分析]　从短文内容可知故事应围绕师生之间的事情展开。注意续写第一段提示语 部分关键词“学生可能不愿意站起来回答问题”，面对这种情况，老师该如何选择呢？是像上 文提到的老师那样严厉对待学生，还是想其他办法呢？故续写部分应为作者作为老师的心理 斗争。 2．Paragraph 2：I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him.　我 从教时间已经够长的了，能够看透教室里每个学生的心思，所以知道他需要一些时间放松、 镇定下来，然后我再让他回答问题。 [情节分析]　注意本段所给开头句子“knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him”，续写第二段提示语表明要等到他镇定下来后再提问他，因此接下来 要描述何时提问的，以及提问的结果如何，最后通过对比两个故事谈作者自己的感受。所以 下文续写应是谈自己的具体做法，最后结合全文，和作者前面读到的故事产生联系，讲述对 待学生要具体问题具体分析。 第四步：初写成文 Paragraph 1： 1．我认为我应该给他几分钟让他镇定下来。 I thought I should give him a few minutes to_calm_down. 2．如果我觉得他还没有从愤怒和不安中恢复过来的话，我也许昨天就把他跳过去了。 If I didn't feel that he had_recovered_from his anger and being upset, I might even skip him yesterday. 3．当我面对这种情况的时候，我的脑海里有两种声音。 There were two voices in my head when I was faced with such_a_situation. 4．一种说，“让他回答！”另一种说，“听从自己的内心”。 One said, “Make him do it！” The other said, “Listen_to_your_heart.” 5．值得庆幸的是，我听从了自己的内心感受。 Thankfully,_I listened to my heart. Paragraph 2： 6．我把他留到近乎最后。他出乎我的意料，回答得比我预料的要好。 I left him almost to the last one and he surprised me and did better than_expected. 7．倾听自己的心声，而不是对他刻薄，证明我事情做对了。 Listening to my heart instead of making it hard on him, proved_to_be the right thing to do. 8．托尼不仅获得面子和理解，而且我也得出结论，老师有时需要坚强和苛求。 Tony not only got the opportunity to receive some grace and understanding, but I also concluded_that a teacher needs to be strong and demanding sometimes. 9．也有一些时候，老师需要与学生的情感进行沟通，需要听从自己内心的声音。 There are also times that the teacher needs to be in_touch_with the emotional needs of the students and listen to the voice of the heart. 第五步：润色升级 1．把要点 3 改为省略句。 There_were_two_voices_in_my_head_when_faced_with_such_a_situation. 2．把要点 8 改为倒装句。 Not_only_did_Tony_get_the_opportunity_to_receive_some_grace_and_understanding, _but_I_also_concluded_that_a_teacher_needs_to_be_strong_and_demanding_sometimes. 第六步：复查定稿 Paragraph 1： I was also sensitive to the fact that he likely wasn't ready to stand up and answer the TOEFL questions I'd posed to the class. So I thought I should give him a few minutes to calm down. If I didn't feel that he had recovered from his anger and being upset, I might even skip him yesterday. There were two voices in my head when faced_with such a situation. One said, “Make him do it ！ ” The other said, “Listen to your heart.” Thankfully, I listened to my heart. Paragraph 2： I've been a teacher long enough to be able to read the students in the classroom and knew he needed some time to relax and cool down before I called on him. I left him almost to the last one and he surprised me and did better than expected. Listening to my heart instead of making it hard on him, proved to be the right thing to do. Not only did Tony get the opportunity to receive some grace and understanding, but I also concluded that a teacher needs to be strong and demanding sometimes. Nevertheless,_there are also times that the teacher needs to be in touch with the emotional needs of the students and listen to the voice of the heart. 一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心 Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空 1 ． (2018· 全 国 卷 Ⅲ )The study of traditions should be_combined (combine) with practice. 2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)It is important to keep a balance between study and social life, so you'd better join the team. 3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Knowing the history of the Tang Dynasty will be very beneficial (benefit) to your understanding of the poems. 4．(2016·北京高考)While I was exploring my curiosity (curious), my disease got worse. 5．(2016·天津高考)We should overcome our weaknesses (weak) and fears with courage and determination. 6．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15,000 in debt.It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree. Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空 (选用 limited, balance, benefit, cut down, before long 填空) 1．(2016·浙江高考完形填空)Then I asked him if he had __48__ the amount of feed he had given the chickens.He was shocked.It was like he did not think anyone would ever know what he had done.After a long silence, he said yes.He thought he would make more money if he gave them less food.I asked him, “Did you fool the chickens？”cut_down 2．(2015·四川高考完形填空)That second year, the rabbits remembered me, and one would even sit up for slices! While I was feeding them, I noticed that a groundhog who used to run away was now taking an increasing interest in this food situation.I carefully extended a long carrot, with a keen eye on those teeth, and __19__， there were times I would have the groundhog sitting next to a rabbit, both munching ( 津 津 有 味 地 咀 嚼 ) on carrots.before_long 3．(2015·天津高考完形填空)My fiancé (未婚夫) and I were excited about shopping for our first home.But our funds were __16__ ， and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.limited 4．(2014·天津高考完形填空)It was then that I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on __26__ family and work.Faced with difficult decisions, she used to tell me, you wouldn't know whether you made the right choice, but you could always make the best out of the situation, with passion and a positive attitude.balancing 5．(2009·江苏高考完形填空)Supporters claim that there are many __41__ of service learning.Perhaps most importantly, students are forced to think beyond their own interests and become aware of the needs of others.benefits 二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度 新高考下的命题新视角：随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高，合理饮食、健康生活逐 渐成为社会关注的焦点，国家更加重视食品安全及对健康生活的倡导。顺应时代潮流，“饮 食与健康”类话题成为高考命题的热点话题之一，建议考生多多关注健康饮食的相关材料。 [话题感悟] 学习目标1 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深 (加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法) [1] In the dead of winter, we don't typically think about spending time outdoors, but according to many physicians we should.The sun is our greatest source of a vitamin that is essential for good health — Vitamin D. [2] This important vitamin strengthens bones and teeth and is linked to the prevention of heart disease, cancer and many other life­threatening diseases.The recommended daily requirement is 400­600 International Units (IU)．In summer, people with dark brown eyes and darker skin turn sunlight from just 15 minutes outside without sunscreen into adequate amounts of Vitamin D. [3] Even during winter, just a 10­minute walk at midday can keep the body's Vitamin D at healthy levels.During brief winter walks, we receive the greatest benefits when we wear no sunscreen and expose as much skin to the sun as possible. [4] Vitamin D can be also obtained from foods.Salmon is one of the best sources of the Vitamin.Egg yolks ( 蛋 黄 ), cheese, mushrooms and some animal organs contain smaller quantities of it. [5] To attract consumers, food companies add Vitamin D to some of their milk products.The practice of putting the Vitamin into milk began in the 1930s.At that time, many children were suffering from rickets, an illness that is caused by a deficiency (缺乏) of Vitamin D．It made the children's bones soft and weak.Adding Vitamin D to milk helped to solve the problem, and it has been available ever since. [6] For people who still need more Vitamin D, there is another option: Take Vitamin D supplements ( 补 充 物 ) ． These products are widely sold in stores.However, anyone considering taking supplements should consult a physician first. 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了维生素 D 的一些情况。 1．During the winter months, people ________. A．aren't able to meet their deadlines B．often don't dress warmly enough C．generally like to remain indoors D．leave lots of work for others to do 解析：选 C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In the dead of winter, we don't typically think about spending time outdoors, but according to many physicians we should.”可知，在 冬天人们愿意待在室内。 2．According to the text, Vitamin D ________. A．can be obtained by being exposed to the sun B．can be used to cure life­threatening diseases C．can be mainly found in some milk products D．can make the children's bones soft and weak 解析：选 A　推理判断题。根据第一段第二句以及第三段第一句可知，维生素 D 可以 通过晒太阳获得，故选 A。 3．Why is salmon mentioned in this article? A．It's seldom prepared in the correct way. B．It's a useful addition to a person's diet. C．It has a huge impact on the environment. D．Its advantages have been exaggerated. 解析：选 B　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，三文鱼是补充维生素 D 的食物，因此对 我们的饮食是有用的补充物，故选 B。 4．The main purpose of this article is ________. A．to introduce a valuable nutrient B．to advertise Vitamin D supplements C．to note risks associated with a nutrient D．to explain how a nutrient was discovered 解析：选 A　主旨大意题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍一种营养成分——维生素 D。 学习目标2 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透 主旨大意技法(2)——根据段落大意，提炼概括文章大意 文章是由段落组成的。段落的主题就是段落的中心思想，具体段落的中心思想又是为 文章整体中心思想服务的。理解整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在理解具体段落中心的 基础上的。找出每小段的主题句，各段的主题句常在该段的首句或尾句，各段主题句的整 体归纳便是文章的中心思想。有的文章无明显主题句，主题句隐含在段意之中，这就需要 进一步加工概括。观察全文的结构安排，理解文章的“重心”和支撑性细节。如上文中主 题句不明显，但是每段的中心很明显，文章介绍了如何得到足量的维生素 D 的三种方式： from the sun; from foods 和 Take Vitamin D supplements。把每段中心意义连接起来，便很 容易得出整篇的文章的中心为“To introduce a valuable nutrient”，故第 4 题选 A。