【英语】2019届二轮复习短文语法填空专题模拟试题10篇训练之四十一（9页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习短文语法填空专题模拟试题10篇训练之四十一（9页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习短文语法填空专题模拟试题10篇训练之四十一 ‎[一]‎ It’s almost a common belief that the best food you can find in a place is not in the fancy restaurants,　1　 in the backstreets. These spots are usually away from popular tourist attractions, which means that to find them you’ll need the spirit of an explorer. ‎ That’s 　2　 I came across roujiamo when I was exploring Beijing. I found 　3　 restaurant that sold dishes from Xi’an when I explored the area around 　4　(I) office one day. I decided to try it out. ‎ My roujiamo 　5　(make) fresh, so the bread was still warm. It was soft when I bit into it,and the meat inside was delicious and tender. In fact,I enjoyed it so much that I ordered more to take home with me. Though it’s just a snack, it’s still quite filling and can 　6　(easy) satisfy your appetite. ‎ There are a 　7　(various) of things you can put inside the “mo”,as the bread is called. For example, in certain areas in Xi’an, the meat 　8　(use) is usually beef, but in Gansu Province, lamb is more common. And the first roujiamo that I tried was made 　9　 pork. However it’s made, it’s still a tasty snack. And for an American like me who grew up 　10　(eat) hamburgers, it’s a perfect combination of East and West. ‎ ‎　　 ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】作者是一位美国人,在北京旅游时,初次品尝了肉夹馍,他立刻被这种美食所吸引。‎ ‎1.but　考查连词。此处是“not...,but...”结构,意为“不是……,而是……”。‎ ‎2.how　考查名词性从句。所填的词引导表语从句,在从句中表示方式,所以填how。‎ ‎3.a　考查冠词。此处泛指一家餐馆,所以填a。‎ ‎4.my　考查代词。所填的词修饰office,所以用形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎5.was made　考查时态和语态。My roujiamo和make是动宾关系,此处介绍的是过去发生的事情,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎6.easily　考查副词。所填的词修饰动词satisfy,所以用副词。‎ ‎7.variety　考查固定搭配。a variety of“各种各样的”,是固定搭配。‎ ‎8.used　考查非谓语动词。meat和use是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用动词-ed形式作定语。‎ ‎9.with　考查介词。此处表示“用……”,所以填with。‎ ‎10.eating　考查非谓语动词。此处用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎[二]‎ Diets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the ‎ country 　1　 (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 　2　 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. ‎ A taste for meat is 　3　(actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 　4　(improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 　5　 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 　6　(pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. ‎ According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 　7　(globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 　8　(start) a soil-testing program 　9　 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011,fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放)of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while 　10　(feed) its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide,” says the bank’s Juergen Voegele. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】文章介绍了中国的农作物——玉米的产量逐年增加的原因。种植玉米,不仅可以喂养牲畜,而且因为其生长过程浇水施肥较少,还可以减少对环境的污染,进而保护环境。‎ ‎1.has grown　考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“Since 2011”可知,此处应用现在完成时,且该句的主语是“the country”,故谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎2.the　考查冠词。根据句意可知,此处特指“过去的25年”,故应用定冠词the表示特指。‎ ‎3.actually　考查副词。根据后文的介词短语“behind the change”可知,此处应用actual的副词形式,故填actually。‎ ‎4.to improve　考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语,故填to improve。句意:政府鼓励农民种植玉米而非稻米,目的是提高水质。‎ ‎5.than　考查形容词的比较级。根据前面的less可知,此处是形容词的比较级,故缺少连接词than。‎ ‎6.pollution　考查名词。根据空前的“decreased”可知,空处应该是名词作宾语,意思是“减少污染”,故填pollution。‎ ‎7.global　考查形容词。此处fertilizer consumption是名词词组,其前面需要用形容词修饰,故填globe的形容词形式。‎ ‎8.started　考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语“between 2005”可知,此处描述的是过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时。‎ ‎9.that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,且在从句中作主语,修饰先行词a soil-testing program,故填that或which。‎ ‎10.feeding　考查特殊句式。while doing sth.“当做某事的时候”,它是while sb. is/was doing sth.的省略形式,故此处应填feeding。‎ ‎[三]‎ There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界) 　1　 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 　2　(effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. ‎ Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 　3　(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 　4　(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 　5　 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 　6　(bad),the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 　7　(be) full of fat and salt; by 　8　(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. ‎ Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 　9　(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,　10　 is not good for the health. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】近来医学界推崇的低盐低脂的饮食方法有其副作用,这种饮食方式会引起肥胖和心脏病。‎ ‎1.as　考查介词。as“作为”,是介词。此处意为“作为一种与心脏病做斗争的方法”。‎ ‎2.effects　考查名词的复数。effect“作用”,是可数名词。根据前面的some可知要用effects。side effects“副作用”。‎ ‎3.to process　考查非谓语动词。require sb.to do sth.“要求某人做某事”,所以填to process。‎ ‎4.are removed　考查被动语态。remove是及物动词,与fat and salt有逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用被动语态。‎ ‎5.a　考查固定搭配。as a result“结果”,是固定搭配。‎ ‎6.worse　考查比较级。根据前面的even可知,所填的词要用比较级。bad的比较级是worse。‎ ‎7.is　考查主谓一致。fast food是第三人称单数形式,句子是一般现在时,所以填is。‎ ‎8.eating　考查非谓语动词。by是介词,后接动词时要用动词-ing形式。‎ ‎9.careful　考查形容词。be是连系动词,后面要接形容词作表语。care的形容词形式是careful。‎ ‎10.which　考查定语从句。题空处引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中作主语,所以填which。‎ ‎[四]‎ The giant panda 　1　(love) by people throughout the world. Chinese ‎ scientists 　2　(recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby. She was a very 　3　(care)mother. For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find something 　4　(eat)!She would not let any other pandas come near. She licked the baby constantly to keep it clean. Any smell might attract natural 　5　(enemy)that would try to eat the little panda. The mother held the baby in her front paws much the way a human does.　6　it cried, she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats. The mother continued to care for the young panda 　7　more than two years. By that time, the panda no longer needed 　8　(it)mother for food. However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest. Then, after two and a half years, the mother 　9　(drive)the young panda away. It was time for her to have a new baby,　10　it was also time for the young panda to be independent. ‎ ‎　　　　　 ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】作者为我们介绍了一只在野外生存的熊猫妈妈照看小熊猫的经历。‎ ‎1.is loved　考查时态和语态。panda与love之间为被动关系,且熊猫受人喜爱为一般事实,故用一般现在时的被动语态。‎ ‎2.recently　考查副词。中国科学家最近有机会研究野外的熊猫妈妈。“最近”为整个句子的时间状语,故用recent的副词形式recently。‎ ‎3.caring/careful　考查形容词。由下文内容可知,熊猫妈妈非常“认真(careful)”或者“会关爱他人(caring)”。‎ ‎4.to eat　考查非谓语动词。此处考查不定代词后跟动词不定式作后置定语。something to eat的意思是“吃的东西”。‎ ‎5.enemies　考查名词。熊猫的敌人不止一个,故用复数形式。以辅音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时需要将y变为i再加es。‎ ‎6.When/If　考查连词。小熊猫哭的时候(要是小熊猫哭的话),熊猫妈妈会前后轻轻晃动它并且轻轻拍抚它。‎ ‎7.for　考查介词。“持续多长时间”的表达方式是“for+一段时间”,为固定搭配。‎ ‎8.its　考查代词。its在此处修饰其后的名词mother,故此处用it的形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎9.drove　考查时态。由前文的stayed和后文的was可以推知,熊猫妈妈让小熊猫离开她这一动作也发生在过去。‎ ‎10.and　考查连词。“熊猫妈妈生新的宝宝”与“小熊猫也该学会独立了”之间为并列关系,and 连接两个并列简单句。‎ 新题演练提能•刷高分 ‎ ‎[五]‎ China may be home to both the longest and highest bridges in the world,　1　 neither is as pioneering as the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge.　2　(build) during the 1960’s, the double-decked bridge 　3　(consider) groundbreaking when it was completed in 1968. ‎ But more importantly, it was also the first modern bridge to be designed and built by China without help from foreign 　4　(architect).“The bridge was so important that it’s undoubtedly a symbol of the city,” said Lu Andong, a professor at Nanjing University’s School of Architecture and Urban Planning.“It is being repaired 　5　 transportation and safety purposes, but I would expect the chance 　6　(transform) the bridge’s tower and the attached park into places of memory.” ‎ With a length of over 5,000 feet, the bridge 　7　(carry) both cars and trains.　8　(It) upper deck is a four-lane highway with sidewalks, while the railway tracks are now part of the Beijing-Shanghai train route. ‎ ‎“Everybody loves the bridge,” said Wang Shiqing, a longtime Nanjing resident 　9　 has collected over 1,000 pieces of Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge souvenirs.“It’s a source of pride,　10　(especial) for local Nanjing people,” he says. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了南京长江大桥。南京长江大桥建于20世纪60年代,1968年竣工时被认为是具有开创性的。‎ ‎1.but　考查连词。上下文是转折关系,所以填but。‎ ‎2.Built　考查非谓语动词。build和bridge有逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用动词-ed形式作状语。‎ ‎3.was considered　考查时态和语态。consider和bridge有逻辑上的动宾关系,且根据“in 1968”可知,此处要用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎4.architects　考查名词复数。architect是可数名词,前面没有不定冠词,所以用复数形式。‎ ‎5.for　考查介词。for...purpose“为了……的目的”。‎ ‎6.to transform　考查非谓语动词。expect sb./sth.to do sth.“期望某人/某物做某事”,所以用to transform。‎ ‎7.carries　考查主谓一致和时态。根据下文的时态可知,此处要用一般现在时;由于主语是单数第三人称,所以用carries。‎ ‎8.Its　考查代词。修饰名词deck,所以用形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎9.who/that　考查定语从句。resident“居民”,指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以用who/that。‎ ‎10.especially　考查副词。修饰介词短语要用副词。‎ ‎[六]‎ Helping a person forget something is rarely easy, especially if the “something” is hurtful or negative. Use some simple techniques to distract the person from the issue and 　1　(hope)with time, the person won’t be able to remember 　2　 he is supposed to forget. ‎ Remove all the items that may bring back the memory. Any small objects can jog his memory, so carefully replace those photos, diaries or any other 　3　(person)objects or presents with new items. ‎ Change the subject whenever your friend brings it up. Don’t do this ‎ in 　4　 obvious way because this is annoying, but do it without his awareness of your 　5　(intend).Tell some 　6　(amuse)stories or talk about important and happy events in your friend’s life such as a new nephew or a work promotion. ‎ Occupy him with 　7　(activity)and appointments. Keeping him too busy 　8　(think)about the past helps him see a positive light. Create a full schedule and introduce new things and experiences, such as a cooking class. ‎ Be patient and allow time to get over things. It will be a long time 　9　 your friend fully removes that memory, so don’t be 　10　(disappoint)if it doesn’t happen immediately. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】本文主要讲述了帮助他人忘掉不快乐记忆的四条建议。‎ ‎1.hopefully　考查副词。空处修饰后面的整个句子,所以用副词。‎ ‎2.what　考查宾语从句。所填的词引导宾语从句,且在从句中作动词forget的宾语,所以填what。‎ ‎3.personal　考查形容词。空处修饰名词objects,故用形容词。‎ ‎4.an　考查冠词。该处表示“一种明显的方式”,表示泛指,故用不定冠词;obvious的读音以元音音素开头,故用an。‎ ‎5.intention　考查名词。根据空前的形容词性物主代词your可知,该处用名词。‎ ‎6.amusing　考查形容词。根据空后的名词stories可知,空处修饰该名词,所以用形容词amusing。‎ ‎7.activities　考查名词。根据该句中的“and appointments”可知,空处与此并列,应用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎8.to think　考查固定搭配。too...to...为固定搭配,意为“太……而不能……”。‎ ‎9.before　考查连词。本句结构:It will be+一段时间+before...表示“多久之后才……”,故用连词before。‎ ‎10.disappointed　考查形容词。空处所在句为祈使句,系动词be后接形容词,且修饰人,故用disappointed。‎ ‎[七]‎ Daniel Turissini used to work long hours as a consultant in the Washington, D. C. area. He always 　1　(feel) tired at the middle of the work day. He asked business professionals 　2　 they did to feel more 　3　(energy) during the day. Some told him they rested mid-day in their cars. Others said they took short naps at their desks. ‎ For Turissini, their answers showed a need from Washington professionals—a place 　4　(go) during the day to take a proper nap. As 　5　 result, a few months ago, he opened a nap cafe in the center of America’s capital city.It is called “recharj”.After turning 　6　 all of their electronic devices, recharj customers lie down in so-called “power nap cocoons”.The cocoons 　7　(intend)to help people fall asleep, stay asleep and wake up feeling refreshed. The customers sleep for about 20‎ ‎ minutes before 　8　(return)to work. Turissini says recharj 　9　(offer)a solution to the city’s fast-paced lifestyle—a chance to slow down. ‎ Mari Aponte is a lawyer in Washington. She says she often feels tired and 　10　(stress) after hours of work.“What I like most about coming here is that I can breathe.It helps stop time and just balance my day.” ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】在华盛顿地区工作的人白天需要有一个能够好好小憩的地方,因此丹尼尔•杜瑞丝尼开了一家小憩咖啡馆,店名是recharj。‎ ‎1.felt　考查时态。根据上文的“used to work”可知,此处讲述的是过去的事情,所以用一般过去时。‎ ‎2.what　考查名词性从句。所填的词引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语,所以填what。‎ ‎3.energetic　考查形容词。feel是连系动词,后面要接形容词作表语。‎ ‎4.to go　考查非谓语动词。所填的词作定语修饰place,表示“……的地方”,所以用动词不定式。‎ ‎5.a　考查冠词。as a result“结果”,是固定搭配。‎ ‎6.off　考查固定搭配。turn off“关上”,是固定短语。‎ ‎7.are intended　考查时态和语态。intend和cocoons有动宾关系,根据上文可知要用一般现在时。‎ ‎8.returning　考查非谓语动词。before在此是介词,后接动词时要用动词-ing形式。‎ ‎9.offers　考查主谓一致。根据says可知,句子要用一般现在时,主语是recharj,所以用第三人称单数形式。‎ ‎10.stressed　考查形容词。所填的词和tired并列作表语,所以填stressed,意为“紧张的;感到有压力的”。‎ ‎[八]‎ When it comes to eating habits, China is a country we must mention. Unlike in the west,　1　 everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes 　2　(place) on the table and everybody shares. If you’re being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for a ton of food. ‎ While eating, the host serves food with public chopsticks to guests 　3　(show) his or her politeness. The appropriate thing to do is to eat the food and say how delicious it is. If you don’t like it, you can just say a polite “thank you”,with the food 　4　(leave)there. Don’t stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl. If so, it’s very impolite 　5　 the host and seniors who are present at the table. ‎ At dinner, if half of the fish is eaten up, a guest shouldn’t turn the fish over by saying“fan”,which is 　6　 Chinese word for “turn over”,which is considered bad luck for 　7　(fisherman) and their boats. The 　8　(separate)of the fish bone from the lower half of the flesh is usually done by the host or hostess. This is especially true in South China. ‎ These tips above will be 　9　(extreme)useful when you visit China, an 　10　(east)country with a long history. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了中国人的饮食习惯。‎ ‎1.where　考查定语从句。关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以填where。‎ ‎2.are placed　考查时态和语态。主语dishes和place有逻辑上的动宾关系,且由全文可知,应用一般现在时的被动语态。‎ ‎3.to show　考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式表目的,作目的状语,故填to show。‎ ‎4.left　考查非谓语动词。the food和leave有逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用动词-ed形式作宾语补足语。‎ ‎5.to　考查固定搭配。be impolite to“对……没有礼貌”。‎ ‎6.the　考查冠词。此处特指“翻”这个汉字,所以填the。‎ ‎7.fishermen　考查名词。fisherman前面没有表示单数的修饰语,所以用复数形式。‎ ‎8.separation　考查名词。所填的词在冠词后面,所以用名词。‎ ‎9.extremely　考查副词。所填的词修饰形容词,所以用副词。‎ ‎10.eastern　考查形容词。所填的词修饰名词country,所以用形容词。‎ ‎[九]‎ The Spring Festival, also known as the Lunar New Year, is the most important 　1　(tradition) festival in China, which falls in late January or early February. ‎ The historical reason for beginning the New Year in such a time is 　2　 it is the time between autumn harvest and spring plowing and planting. In other words, it is the time for rest, relaxation and celebration after a year’s hard work. ‎ Except this practical reason for celebrating the Spring Festival, a popular Chinese legend offers another 　3　(explain),which is 　4　(general) accepted in China. In ancient times, a devil called “Nian” that lived under the sea would attack people once a year on the eve of the New Year. It jumped out from the sea and attacked villages,　5　(eat) people, animals and plants. As they could no longer bear Nian’s cruel persecution, the villagers gathered 　6　(discuss) how to deal with Nian and some people suggested that the devil was afraid of loud noise, red color and flame. So people 　7　(light) firecrackers and fireworks, put up red couplets on 　8　(they) gates and beat drums to drive Nian away. The idea worked 　9　 Nian ran away. ‎ Since ever, the custom of celebrating the Spring Festival has formed and the practices of putting up red couplets on gates, setting 　10　 firecrackers and fireworks, etc. have been passed down. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了春节庆典的来历。‎ ‎1.traditional　考查形容词。修饰名词要用形容词。‎ ‎2.that　考查表语从句。连接词在从句中不作成分,所以填that。‎ ‎3.explanation　考查名词。根据前面的another可知,所填的词应是名词。‎ ‎4.generally　考查副词。所填的词修饰动词,所以用副词。‎ ‎5.eating　考查非谓语动词。it和eat为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用eating。‎ ‎6.to discuss　考查非谓语动词。所填的词作目的状语,所以用动词不定式。‎ ‎7.lighted/lit　考查时态。此处讲述的是过去发生的事情,所以用一般过去时。‎ ‎8.their　考查代词。所填的词修饰gates,所以用形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎9.and　考查连词。上下文是并列关系,所以填and。‎ ‎10.off　考查固定搭配。set off“使爆炸”,是固定搭配。‎ ‎[十]‎ Some of the most interesting words in English are the actual names of the people first involved in the 　1　(activity) that are conveyed by the meanings of the words. The word boycott, for instance,　2　(come) from the case of Sir Charles Boytt, a land agent in Ireland,　3　 was ostracized (孤立) by his tenants because he refused to lower the rents. Vidkun Quisling’s name 　4　 (quick) became a bad 　5　(add) to the English language during World War Ⅱ.He was a Norwegian politician who betrayed his country to the Nazis, and his name, Quisling, now refers to “traitor”(叛徒).Perhaps a common name example, at least 　6　 young people around the world, is Levi’s. These popular blue jeans are named after Levi Strauss, the man who first 　7　(make) them in San Francisco in 1850.Perhaps 　8　 most common of all is the sandwich, named for the Fourth Earl of Sandwich, who created this quick portable meal so that 　9　 would not have to leave the gambling table 　10　(eat).Other words in this unique category include lynch, watt, davenport, and zeppelin. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了英语中一些有趣单词的来历。‎ ‎1.activities　考查名词。根据下文的“that are...”可知,所填的词是名词复数。‎ ‎2.comes　考查主谓一致和时态。主语是“The word boycott”,时态是一般现在时,所以动词用第三人称单数形式。‎ ‎3.who　考查定语从句。先行词是指人的名词,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语,所以填who。‎ ‎4.quickly　考查副词。所填的词修饰动词became,所以用副词。‎ ‎5.addition　考查名词。根据前面的bad为形容词修饰名词可知,所填的词是名词。‎ ‎6.among/for　考查介词。此处表示“在年轻人当中”或“对年轻人来说”,所以填among/for。‎ ‎7.made　考查时态。根据后面的时间状语in 1850可知,此处用一般过去时。‎ ‎8.the　考查冠词。最高级前面要用定冠词the。‎ ‎9.he　考查代词。此处指代the Fourth Earl of Sandwich,所以填he。‎ ‎10.to ‎ eat　考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,所填的词作目的状语,所以用动词不定式。‎