【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit1Cultural relics单元学案（19页word版）

【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit1Cultural relics单元学案（19页word版）

‎ 2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit1Cultural relics单元学案 一 单元基础词汇语法知识回顾 ‎1.in search of Wolves prowled (潜行) the forest in search of prey (捕食). 狼在森林里潜行觅食。‎ He’s sailed the seven seas in search of adventure.他闯荡七大洋去历险。‎ Scientists are in search of a cure for the disease. 科学家想找出治疗这种疾病的方法。‎ ‎2.design One or two changes have been made to the computer’s basic design. ‎ 对电脑的基本设计已经作了一两处改动。‎ I like this wallpaper with a floral design.我喜欢这个带花图案的墙纸。‎ He designed us a beautiful house. ‎ 他为我们设计了一所很美的房子。‎ design sth. to do sth.‎ ‎ These exercises are designed to develop and strengthen muscles.‎ 这些练习是为了增强锻炼肌肉而设计的。‎ be designed for ‎ The gloves were designed for extremely cold climates. ‎ 这些手套是为严寒地区设计的。 ‎ ‎3.belong ‎ ‎ After three years in Cambridge, I finally feel as if I belong here.‎ belong to sb./sth. This book belongs to Sarah.‎ You shouldn’t take what doesn’t belong to you. ‎ They belong to the same chess club.‎ belong to不能用于被动结构，不能用于进行时态，但belong to的现在分词形式可以作定语。‎ The house belonging to me is in the middle of the city. ‎ 属于我的这栋房子位于市中心。‎ ‎1. I don’t know whom this pen belongs to. 我不知道这支钢笔属于谁。 　　　　　　　2. She likes the car belonging to our manager. 她喜欢我们经理的那辆汽车。‎ ‎4.in return What can we do for them in return for all the help they have given us? ‎ ‎ 我们将怎样来报答他们所给予我们的种种帮助呢?‎ ‎ I gave him some books in return for his assistance.‎ ‎ in turn 轮流地; 依次; 反过来 ‎ by turns 轮流地; 时而……时而……‎ ‎5.be at war== fighting against each other The two sisters are constantly at war with each other. 这两姐妹不时发生争执。‎ The two countries have been at war for many years. People there are suffering a lot.‎ Their love affair was played out against the background of a country at ‎ war. 他们恋爱那时国家正进行着战争。‎ 这个国家与邻国已打了两年仗了。 ‎ The country has been at war with its neighbour for two years. ‎ 6. doubt ‎ There is no doubt that China is making progress in many fields. ‎ 毫无疑问中国正在许多方面取得进步。‎ I have some doubt whether he is good at maths. ‎ 我对于他是否擅长数学有些怀疑。‎ There is no doubt that… 毫无疑问……‎ ‎… have some doubt… (对……)有些疑问 vt. 怀疑；不信 They doubt whether / if the young man can finish the task on time. ‎ 他们怀疑那位年轻人是否能够按时完成任务。‎ Do you doubt that she will come to help us? 你怀疑她会来帮助我们吗？‎ We don’t doubt that she is one of the greatest scientists. 我们不怀疑她是最伟大的科学家之一。‎ doubt作动词，用于肯定句时，其宾语从句的引导词为whether / if；用于疑问句或否定句时，其宾语从句的引导词为that。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ in doubt 怀疑；拿不定主意 no doubt 无疑 without / beyond doubt 无疑地；必定；当然 名言警句读一读 Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime. 授人与鱼不如授人与渔。‎ give是英语中比较活跃的一个词。它词义多，用法广泛。‎ 试着翻译下面的英文，注意单词give的用法。‎ Give the letter to your mother when you've read it.信看完后交给你母亲。‎ ‎ What are you giving your father for his birthday?你打算送给你父亲什么生日礼物？‎ They couldn't give me any more information. 他们不可能给我提供更多的信息。‎ ‎ They both gave regularly to charity. 他俩定期为慈善事业捐款。‎ How much will you give me for the car?你肯出多少钱买我这辆汽车？‎ 课文重难点精析 ‎1.Later, Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St ‎ Petersburg where she spent her summers.后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。‎ 过去分词moved在本句中作宾语the Amber Room的补足语，其中the Amber Room与move之间存在被动关系。have something done的含义是“让 / 叫 / 使 / 请别人做某事” ，其中动词have也可以换成get。‎ We will have / get the vegetables weighed.‎ ‎ 我们将让人称一下这些蔬菜。‎ The boss had his clothes washed by his servant. 那位老板让他的佣人给他洗衣服。‎ 单元语法训练 非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点：‎ 一、非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。‎ ‎1. I like the book, which was bought yesterday. 我喜欢这本书，这是昨天买的。 ‎ ‎2. I like the book which/that was bought yesterday. 我喜欢昨天买的那本书。 ‎ 二、非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用for which代替why。‎ ‎1. I had told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the meeting. ‎ ‎ 我已经把理由告诉了他们，为此我没有 去开会。 ‎ ‎2. I had told them the reason why I didn't attend the meeting. ‎ ‎ 我告诉了他们我不去开会的理由。‎ ‎ (限制性定语从句“the reason why ...”是常见搭配。) ‎ 三、非限制性定语从句置于句首时，不能用which引导。关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活，可放主句前，也可以放主句后。‎ ‎1. As I expected, he didn't believe me.正如我所预料的，他不相信我。 ‎ ‎2. She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth. ‎ ‎ 她听到一个可怕的声音，这让她把心都提到嗓子眼了。 ‎ 四、非限制性定语从句由“介词+关系代词”‎ 引导时，其中的关系代词不能用 as。‎ ‎1. He bought the car for more than $20,000, with which his father was angry. 他花两万多美元买了这辆车，他父亲对此很生气。 ‎ ‎2. I finished my work ahead of time, after which I sat some time reading the newspaper. 我提前干完了我的活，随后我坐着看了一会儿报纸。 ‎ 五、在非限制性定语从句中，指人的关系代词作宾语时，只能用宾格whom; 不能用who替换，也不能省略。‎ ‎1. Do you know Tom, whom we talked about? 你认识汤姆吗? 我们谈到过他。 ‎ ‎2. This book, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you all the information you need. ‎ 这本书会给你提供所有你需要的资料，它在任何一家书店都能买到。(非限制性定语从句中引导词在从句中作宾语，无论指人还是指物都不能省略。)‎ 六、which可指前面整个句子。‎ The sun sends out light and heat, which makes it possible for living things to exist on the earth.‎ 太阳发出光和热，这使得生物能够在地球上生存。‎ which可代替句子, 用于非限制性定语从句。that不能用于非限制性定语从句。‎ Quiz I: Multiple choice. ‎ ‎1. I walked in our garden, ______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign ‎ onto one of the trees. ‎ ‎ A. which B. when C. where D. that ‎2. I walked in our garden, ______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. ‎ ‎ A. which B. when C. where D. that ‎3. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer what it was 20 years ago, ______ it was so poorly equipped.‎ A. when B. which C. what D. that ‎4.The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _______ was more than we could expect. ‎ A. it B. what C. which D. that ‎ ‎5. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, ______ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. ‎ ‎ A. who B. which ‎ ‎ C. what D. that ‎ ‎6.Helen was much kinder to her youngest ‎ ‎ son than to the others, _____, of course,‎ ‎ made the others envy (嫉妒) him. ‎ ‎ A. who B. that ‎ ‎ C. what D. which ‎7.They will fly to Washington, _____ they plan to stay for two or three days. (2008重庆)‎ A. where B. there C. which D. when ‎8.The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _____ are beyond our control. (2008湖南) ‎ ‎ A. most of them B. most of which ‎ ‎ C. most of what D. most of that ‎9.My friend showed me round the town, ‎ ‎ ______ was very kind of him. (2009全国II) A. which     B. that    C. where  D. it ‎10. Whenever I met her, _________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (2009山东)    A. who    B. which   C. when  D. that ‎ 单元综合知识运用 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 话题 词数 建议用时 现代建筑与古老历史建筑 ‎275‎ ‎6分钟 ‎　　(2018·广东省七校第二次联考)Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasons — for example, economic reasons — why they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed?‎ In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own hometown of Tours where modern designs have been placed very ‎ successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate (影响) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area.‎ It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative (保守的) and do not like change.‎ Although we have to respect people's feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move_things_forward. If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different, even though that might be the more risky choice.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了现代建筑是否应该和古老的历史建筑建在一起。‎ ‎1．What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph?‎ A．Most of them are too expensive to preserve.‎ B．They are more pleasing than modern buildings.‎ C．They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area.‎ D．Some of them are not attractive.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句“Not all historical buildings are attractive.”可知，并非所有的历史建筑都有吸引力。据此可知，一些历史建筑没有吸引力，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the author?‎ A．Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in.‎ B．We should reproduce the same old buildings.‎ C．Buildings should not dominate their surroundings.‎ D．No one understands why people speak against new buildings.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too.”可知，作者认为一些历史建筑破坏了它们所在地区的环境，故选A。‎ ‎3．By using the words “move things forward” in the last paragraph, the author probably means “________”．‎ A．destroy old buildings B．put things in a different place C．choose new architectural styles D．respect people's feelings for historical buildings 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据文章第四段的第二句“If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves.”可知，如果我们不改变建筑风格，我们现在还住在山洞里面；据此可以判断，“move things forward”的意思是“选择新的建筑风格”，故选C。‎ ‎4．What is the main purpose of the passage?‎ A．To explain why people dislike change.‎ B．To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas.‎ C．To warn that we could end up living in caves.‎ D．To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings.‎ 解析：选B　写作意图题。通读文章可知，第一段的第一句“Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city？”‎ 为本文主旨句；结合全文可知，本文旨在论证现代建筑可以建在有历史遗迹的地方，故选B。‎ B 话题 词数 建议用时 毛利文化 ‎333‎ ‎7分钟 ‎　　(2018·安徽省百所重点高中二模)I had the honour of being elected chief of my tribe (部落). With the title came great responsibility. It was my job to make peace with the Maori Tamaki tribe, whose village we visited. Their soldiers jumped from a canoe and faced us down with fierce crying, sticking eyes and much noise of sticks. They laid a palm leaf on the ground and, as head, I was forced to accept this peace offering by picking it up, then touching noses with their chief. “Kia ora，” he said, welcoming us into the woodland home of his people.‎ My “tribe” was my New Zealand coach tour group, who had forced me into being their leader. We'd been warned that the ceremony was a serious occasion and that to laugh or even smile would be considered rude to the Tamaki. After that it was nonstop fun as they demonstrated their ancient customs and I received instruction in performing the haka, the war dance immortalized (使不朽) by the All Blacks rugby team.‎ Then they pulled our dinner of lamb, beef and vegetables out of the ground. It had been slowcooked in the heat just below the surface in the geothermal (地热的) area of North Island, a Maori tradition known as a hangi that goes back an extremely long period of time.‎ Obviously, this form of it is put on for tourists but it was hugely enjoyable. The journey back to the hotel was alone worth the effort, our elder Maori driver being deserving of his own television show. “The wheels on the bus go round and round，” he got us singing, while he circuited a round about three times.‎ A couple of days from the end of our trip, there was still something missing, a New Zealand icon I wanted to see to make my grand tour complete. Riding over a ridge, there it was — Aotearoa. The Maori name for New Zealand translates as “the land of the long white cloud”. Can I say “Kia ora, Aotearoa？” You bet I can.‎ 语篇解读：本文为记叙文，作者讲述了他去新西兰旅游时接触到的毛利文化。‎ ‎5．How were the visitors greeted in the tribe?‎ A．The soldiers made a palm leaf road.‎ B．The soldiers touched their noses.‎ C．The soldiers shook sticks fiercely.‎ D．The soldiers made noise with shut eyes.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Their soldiers jumped from a canoe and faced us down with fierce crying, sticking eyes and much noise of sticks. They laid a palm leaf on the ground and”可知，毛利部落的勇士们从独木舟上跳下来，用狂热的叫喊、瞪大的眼睛和巨大的棍棒晃动声将作者一行人镇住了，他们还在地面上放置一片棕榈叶。这些都是毛利人对游客表示欢迎的方式。故选C。‎ ‎6．Which refers to the Maori cooking custom?‎ A．Kia ora.　　　　　　　 B．Haka.‎ C．Hangi. D．Tamaki.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then they pulled our dinner of lamb, beef and vegetables out of the ground. It had been slowcooked in the heat ... a Maori tradition known as a hangi”可知，在地下土炉中烹制食物是毛利饮食传统，这被称为hangi。‎ ‎7．What does the author think of the driver?‎ A．He was good at singing.‎ B．He made the journey memorable.‎ C．He was not familiar with the road.‎ D．He performed well on a TV show.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，作者一行人的回宾馆之旅让他们难忘：有表演天赋的毛利老司机让作者他们一路欢歌，故选B。‎ ‎8．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．A taste of Maori culture B．Hello, New Zealand C．The honour of being a tribe chief D．The best of New Zealand 解析：选A　标题归纳题。作者作为赴新西兰的旅游团的队长，在旅游中有幸接触毛利文化，这给作者留下了深刻的印象，故A项“体验毛利文化”作标题最佳。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2018·太原市高三模拟)When my kids were small, I started a tradition in our house of giving eight gifts over the course of the eight days of Hanukkah (光明节). I liked the idea of __1__ a candle every night and giving my children a gift to unwrap to __2__. It was easy to go into a toy store and pick up something __3__ less than $10 each, or even $1 each (at the dollar store). My children didn't ask for anything much in particular and they __4__ whatever they got.‎ As the years progressed, I __5__ the tradition of eight gifts for each night of Hanukkah.‎ But this year, Hanukkah __6__ something else. My specialneeds ‎ son decided that he wanted to __7__ a computer, and it was up to me to buy all the parts of it. When I wouldn't __8__ that, he decided he wanted a PlayStation. Then Amazon gift cards. Then money. And when it became clear that it wasn't going to happen, he got __9__.‎ I keep __10__ him that Hanukkah isn't about greed or materialism. It's about the miracle of an oil lamp that __11__ for eight days. It's about being __12__ of our heritage. It's about freedom.‎ But he __13__. I know deep down that his obsessions (迷恋的物) are out of his __14__， and definitely out of mine. Having a specialneeds child is as __15__ as it gets. Some days are better than others and not all holidays __16__ the way I hope. But despite his unrealistic requests, he's a(n) __17__ child who is showing me the true meaning of life.‎ And as we enter a new year and light the __18__ approaching the time, I welcome his differences __19__ I learn how to turn negative requests into __20__ ones.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要讲述了作者一家过光明节的传统、变化及作者的应对策略和反思。‎ ‎1．A.buying B．donating C．lighting D．drawing 解析：选C　根据下文的“And as we enter a new year and light the __18__ approaching the time”可知，此处指点蜡烛。‎ ‎2．A.celebrate B．present C．send D．play 解析：选A　根据上文的“Hanukkah (光明节)” 可推知，节日是用来庆祝的。‎ ‎3．A.at B．for C．in D．from 解析：选B　根据语境“less than $10 each, or even $1 each (at the dollar store)”可推知，此处表示东西的价格，故用介词for。‎ ‎4．A.ate B．threw C．liked D．drank 解析：选C　结合语境“My children didn't ask for anything much in particular”可推知，孩子们并不挑剔，很喜欢拿到的礼物。‎ ‎5．A.held up B．gave in C．handed in D．kept up 解析：选D　结合下文的转折“But this year, Hanukkah __6__ something else.”和“My specialneeds son”可推知，作者保持那个传统很多年，但今年变得有些不同，有了新变化。‎ ‎6．A.made B．became C．found D．designed 解析：选B　参见上题解析。‎ ‎7．A.build B．buy C．use D．watch 解析：选A　根据语境“and it was up to me to buy all the parts of it”可推知，儿子要组建一台电脑，要作者去买零配件。‎ ‎8．A.rely on B．learn from C．agree to D．dream about 解析：选C　根据下文的“And when it became clear that it wasn't going to happen, he got __9__.”可推知，作者没同意儿子的要求，儿子就有了其他更多的要求。agree to“同意”。‎ ‎9．A.calm B．happy C．selfish D．upset 解析：选D　很明显，作者没同意儿子的要求，儿子感到难过。upset “难过”。‎ ‎10．A.telling B．warning C．promising D．accusing 解析：选A　很明显，作者在不断地给儿子讲道理，说明节日的意义。‎ ‎11．A.lays B．hangs C．waits D．burns 解析：选D　根据下文的“And as we enter a new year and light the __18__ approaching the time”可推知，D项burn “燃烧，发亮”符合语境。‎ ‎12．A.tired B．proud C．afraid D．lack 解析：选B　固定搭配be proud of意为“以……为傲，为……而自豪”，符合语境。‎ ‎13．A.nodded B．slept C．insisted D．failed 解析：选C　根据下文的“I know deep down that his obsessions (迷恋的物) are out of his __14__， and definitely out of mine.”可推知，儿子不为所动，坚持自己的要求。‎ ‎14．A.mind B．sight C．control D．place 解析：选C　根据“obsessions(迷恋的物)”可推知，儿子陷入迷恋的事物之中，已经失控。out of control“失控”。‎ ‎15．A.wonderful B．dangerous C．interesting D．challenging 解析：选D　很明显，作者应对有特殊需求的儿子有些棘手。challenging“挑战性的”。‎ ‎16．A.run out B．break down C．work out D．put down 解析：选C　根据“the way I hope”可知，有些事情并不像作者希望的那样发展。work out“成功地发展”。‎ ‎17．A.strange B．amazing C．bad D．energetic 解析：选B　根据语境“who is showing me the true meaning of life”可推知，此处的语气表示肯定、赞赏，故选B。amazing“了不起的”。‎ ‎18．A.candles B．lamps C．torches D．lanterns 解析：选A　根据上文的“I liked the idea of __1__ a candle every night”可知，节日期间作者一家点蜡烛庆祝。‎ ‎19．A.when B．as C．unless D．until 解析：选B　根据语境可知，此处表示逻辑上的因果关系，故选B。as“因为”。‎ ‎20．A.relative B．possible C．reasonable D．positive 解析：选D　与语境中的“negative”形成对比可知，此处表示把负面要求变成积极要求。positive“积极的”。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2018·南昌市十校高三第二次模拟)When I was an international student in China, I was lucky to experience Chinese New Year. The buildup was exciting as everywhere __1__ (decorate) with red.‎ Some fellow students and I decided to travel from Xi'an to Guilin for the festival. Travel during that time is quite __2__ adventure — many people journey home __3__ (see) their families and everywhere is very busy.‎ On the eve of New Year, we watched the CCTV New Year's Gala. Although we didn't really understand everything, it was good to be lost __4__ the atmosphere of the occasion! At New Year, families make __5__ (taste) dumplings together as part of the celebrations. On New Year's Day, and for several weeks afterwards, you can hear firecrackers and fireworks everywhere, and the air __6__ (smell) strongly of dynamite (火药) and smoke. This was adventurous for us!‎ Being in China during New Year somewhat meant __7__ (lonely) though it was a great experience. I can __8__ (absolute) explain it with how international students in the UK might feel at Christmas if __9__ (have) no loved ones around them.‎ Overall, my first Chinese New Year was an amazing experience __10__ I'll never forget.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在中国留学期间，曾经有幸和同学一起边旅行边体验中国的新年，这个经历使作者一直难以忘怀。‎ ‎1．was decorated　准备过程令人激动，因为处处都装饰着红色。主句用了一般过去时，故从句也应用一般过去时。decorate与主语之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态。‎ ‎2．an　空前是quite，空后是名词，故可判断此处是“quite ‎＋不定冠词＋名词”结构。当名词前没有形容词修饰时，quite要放在冠词前。‎ ‎3．to see　很多人回家看望自己的家人。分析句子结构并根据句意可知，空处应是不定式作目的状语，故填to see。‎ ‎4．in　尽管我们不能真的听懂所有的内容，但是沉浸于这种节日的气氛是极好的。be lost in sth. “沉浸于”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎5．tasty　家家都包美味的饺子。空处修饰dumplings，故用形容词tasty“美味的，好吃的”。‎ ‎6．smells　主语是表示单数意义的the air，故谓语用第三人称单数形式。smell在此是系动词，意为“闻起来”，不能用于被动语态，故填smells。‎ ‎7．loneliness　尽管新年期间待在中国是很美妙的经历，但它稍微让人感到孤单。mean是及物动词，后接名词作宾语。loneliness“寂寞，孤独”。‎ ‎8．absolutely　空处修饰谓语动词explain，故用副词absolutely“完全地”。‎ ‎9．having　分析句子结构可知，此处是“连词＋非谓语动词”结构，非谓语动词的逻辑主语是主句的主语，即international students。 have和international students之间是主动关系，故用现在分词having。‎ ‎10．that/which　总体来说，第一次在中国过新年是令人惊喜的经历，一个我永远不会忘怀的经历。空处引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，先行词是experience，故用that或which。‎