高考英语阅读理解试题及答案解析

高考英语阅读理解试题及答案解析

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 Passage 1 Up，Up，and Away！ An adventurer who became the first person to fly across the English Channel on a cluster of balloons has launched a house into the sky just like in the hit movie Up-in reparation for a more ambitious journey and a new record． Fearless Trappe，from North Carolina，stepped into the cartoon themed home before flying above the Leon International Balloon Festival in Mexico more than a week ago． The 38-year-old Trappe was using the event as a warm-up for his planned trans-Atlantic flight scheduled for next summer．He aims to complete the 2，500-mile journey in a seven-foot lifeboat carried by 365 huge helium balloons． The brave man is learning to sail a lifeboat，in case he needs to ditch into the ocean during the danger-filled adventure． He sill fly at between 18，000 feet and 25，000 feet，beating his previous world altitude record of 21，600 feet，and must fly uninterrupted a distance ten times longer than his previous world record of 230 miles in order to succeed． The adventurer Trappe，who holds records for crossing the Alps，flying the most cluster balloons，and the longest distance，has spent his entire career，building up to this ambitious plan． “I didn’t wake up one day and think：‘I’ going to fly across the Atlantic，’”he said．“Every attempt before this was prepared for this fight，I’ve been training for a long time”． 1．The adventurer flew across the English Channel to__________． A．test the balloons B．launch a house C．shoot a hit movie D．prepare for breaking a record 2．To finish the journey，he will fly a distance of__________． A．2500 miles B．18，000 feet C．25，000 feet D．230 miles 3．About the ambitious journey，which is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．When he will fly B．How high he sill fly 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 C．How far he will fly D．How long it will take him 4．How many world records does Jonathan hold? A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five 5．What does he last paragraph imply? A．Trappe can’t sleep worrying about the adventure B．Trappe was born to set world records C．Trappe always keeps his ambition in mind D．Trappe never thought of crossing the Atlantic before Passage 2 Every day we go to school and listen to the teacher，and the teacher will ask us some questions．Sometimes，the classmates will ask your opinions of the work of the class．When you are telling others in the class what you have found out about these topics，remember that they must be able to hear what you are saying．You are not taking part in a family conversation or having a chat with friends---you are in a slightly unnatural situation where a large group of people will remain silent，waiting to hear what you have to say．You must speak so that they can hear you---loudly enough and clearly enough but without trying to shout or appearing to force yourself． Remember，too，that it is the same if you are called to an interview whether it is with a professor of your school or a government official who might meet you．The person you are seeing will try to put you at your ease but the situation is somewhat different from that of a ordinary conversation．You must take special care that you can be heard． 1．When you speak to the class，you should speak ______． A．as slowly as possible B．in a low voice C．loudly D．forcefully 2．Usually，when you speak to the class，the class is _______． A．noisy B．quiet C．having a rest D．serious 3 The situation in the class is ______ that in your house． A．not very different from B．sometimes the same as 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 C．sometimes not the same as D．not the same as 4．If you are having a conversation with an official，the most important thing for you is ______． A．to show your ability B．to be very gentle C．to make sure that you can be heard D．to put the official at ease 5．The main idea of this passage is ______． A．that we should talk in different ways in different situations B．that we must speak loudly C．that we must keep silent at any time D．that we must talk with the class Passage 3 About 21，000 young people in 17 American states do not attend classes in school buildings． Instead，they receive their elementary and high school education by working at home on computers．The Center for Education Reform says the United States has 67 public “cyberschools．” and that is about twice as many as two years ago． The money for students to attend a cyberschool comes from the governments of the states where they live ． Some educators say cyberschools receive money that should support traditional public schools ． They also say it is difficult to know if students are learning well． Other educators praise this new form of education for letting students work at their own speed．These people say cyberschools help students who were unhappy or unsuccessful in traditional schools．They say learning at home by computer ends long bus rides for children who live far from school． Whatever the judgement of cyberschools ， they are getting more and more popular ． For example ， a new cyberschool called Commonwealth Connections Academy will take in students this fall ． It will serve children in the state of Pennsylvania from ages five through thirteen． 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 Children get free equipment for their online education．This includes a computer， a printer，books and technical services．Parents and students talk with teachers by telephone or by sending emails through their computers when necessary． Students at cyberschools usually do not know one another．But 56 such students who finished studies at Western Pennsylvania Cyber Charter School recently met for the first time．They were guests of honor at their graduation． 1．What do we know from the text about students of a cyberschool？ A．They have to take long bus rides to school． B．They study at home rather than in classrooms． C．They receive money from traditional public schools． D．They do well in traditional school programs． 2．What is a problem with cyberschools？ A．Their equipment costs a lot of money． B．They get little support from the state government． C．It is hard to know students' progress in learning． D．The students find it hard to make friends． 3．Cyberschools are getting popular became _______． A．they are less expensive for students B．their students can work at their own speed C．their graduates are more successful in society D．they serve students in a wider age range 4．We can infer that the author of the text is _______． A．unprejudiced in his description of cyberschools B．excited about the future of cyberschools C．doubtful about the quality of cyberschoois D．disappointed at the development of cyberschools Passage 4 South Africa hosted the fifth BRICS Summit in March 2013，which completed 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 the first cycle of BRICS summits，BRICS is an acronym for the powerful grouping of the world's leading up-and-coming economies，namely Brazil，Russia，India，China and South Africa．The BRICS aims to achieve peace，security，development and cooperation．It also seeks to contribute to the development of humanity and build a more stable and fairer world． The industry leaders from the business communities of the five countries agreed that the BRICS countries will actively support industrialization on the African continent in order to contribute significantly to its development and to expand trade links between Africa and BRICS ． The global economic situation ， though improving，continues to remain uncertain with the Euro-crisis a major concern．The task ahead is to build on these developments and BRICS countries remain committed to the cause of promoting sustainable growth．Greater economic cooperation among BRICS countries can be significantly important ， which will prove beneficial for global economic growth． According to Dr．Rob Davies，South African Minister of Trade and Industry， the African continent is recognized as the second fastest growing continent after Asia．There are four drivers of the economic growth in African continent．These are the boom in mineral products in the African continent，the development of the service industries，the benefit of not having the financial crisis，and infrastructure(基础设施） development．Davies also adds that other BRICS countries have advantage of large populations providing big home markets for their products ． The South African population is small compared to other BRICS countries，but if you add up numbers on continent then you have a critical mass that can support the new industrial wave in Africa：That is why the South African needs to create large trading blocks across large parts of African continent． 1．“BRICS” refers to______． A．the most active economy group in today’s world B．the most powerful economies in western world C．leading countries with fast development of humanity 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 D．the most stable and secure countries in the world 2．From the text we know that industrialization in Africa will______． A．give financial supports to all African countries B create trade opportunities for both Africa and BRICS C make significant development in the powerful groups D．expand sustainable economic cooperation in different continents 3．The author believes greater cooperation among BRICS will______， A．promote global economic growth B．bring more challenges C．narrow the gap of development D．solve Europe’s economic crisis 4．Which of the following is the driver of the economic growth in Africa？______． A．The development of business industry B．Protective exploration in mineral products C．The recovery of the infrastructure D．The benefits of having no financial crisis Passage 5 What makes a person a scientist？Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others？The answer is “no”．It isn't the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools which makes him a scientist．You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter．You will probably agree， too，that knowing how to investigate，how to discover information，is important to everyone．The scientist，however，goes one step further；he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer he gets to many questions is into a large set of ideas about how the world works． The scientist's knowledge must be exact．There's no room for half right or right just half the time．He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit．What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times ． If the conditions are different ， any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions． 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 This is one reason why investigations are important in science．Albert Einstein， who developed the Theory of Relativity ， arrived at this theory through mathematics ． The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigation．Einstein's ideas were proved to be correct．A scientist uses many tools for measurements ． Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations． 1．What makes a scientist according to the passage？ A．The tools he uses． B．His ways of learning． C．The way he uses his tools． D．The various tools he uses． 2．“…knowing how to investigate，how to discover information，is important to everyone．”The writer says this to show_______． A．the importance of information B．the difference between scientists and ordinary people C．the importance of thinking D．the difference between carpenters and ordinary people 3．A sound scientific theory should be one that_______． A．works under one set of conditions at one time and also works under the same conditions at other times B．leaves no room for improvement C．doesn't allow any change even under different conditions D．can be used for many purposes 4．What is the main idea of the passage？ A．Scientists are different from ordinary people． B．The Theory of Relativity． C．Exactness is the core of science． D．Exactness and way of using tools are the keys to making of a scientist． Passage 6 A lot of us lose life’s tough battles by starting a frontal attack—when a touch of 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 humor might well enable us to win．Consider the case of a young friend of mine，who hit a traffic jam on his way to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum about being late on the job．Although there was a good reason for Sam’s a being late—serious illness at home—he decided that this by-now-familiar excuse wouldn’t work any longer ． His supervisor was probably already pacing up and down preparing a dismissal speech． Yes，the boss was．Sam entered the office at 9：35．The place was as quiet as a locker room ； everyone was hard at work ． Sam’s supervisor came up to him．Suddenly，Sam forced a grin and stretched out his hand．“How do you do！” he said．“I’m Sam Maynard．I’m applying for a job，which，I understand，became available just 35 minutes ago．Does the early bird get the worm？” The room exploded in laughter．The supervisor clamped off a smile and walked back to his office．Sam Maynard had saved his job—with the only tool that could win，a laugh． Humor is a most effective，yet frequently neglected，means of handling the difficult situations in our lives ． It can be used for patching up differences ， apologizing，saying “no”，criticizing，getting the other fellow to do what you want without his losing face．For some jobs，it’s the only tool that can succeed．It is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that serious dialog may start a quarrel．For example， many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerance than people in any other forum． 1．Why was Sam late for his job？ A．Because he was ill． B．Because he got up late． C．Because he was caught in a traffic jam． D．He was busy applying for a new job． 2．The main idea of this passage is ________． A．Sam Maynard saved his job with humor B．humor is important in our lives 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 C．early bird gets the worm D．humor can solve racial discriminations 3．The phrase “clamped off” in Paragraph 3 means ________． A．tried to hold back B．tried to set C．charged D．gave out 4．Which of the following statements can we infer from the passage？ A．Many lose life’s battles for they are lacking in a sense of humor． B．It wasn’t the first time that Sam came late for his work． C．Sam was supposed to come to his office at 8：30． D．Humor is the most effective way of solving problems． Passage 7 BEIJING，March 9—The central government will require an additional three years of use for official vehicles for ministers and governors to reduce the costs of purchasing new cars，media have reported． The new rule has been applied among all Party and government departments nationwide，the Beijing News reported on Tuesday．The new rule has not yet been made public，said Li，a member of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference National Committee． Under the old rules，the cars used by minister-level officials could be replaced as often as every five years，Li said．These officials will also keep the same cars when they assume new posts，he added． The new rule also reiterated that officials ranking below minister-or-governor-levels should not be allocated cars．The cars possessed by their departments should be used on demand． “It violates the rules for lower-ranking—even county-level-officials to be allocated cars，” Li said． Purchases of vehicles for official use have been heavily investigated ， as they account for a large expenditure of public funds every year． A survey on the Web news www．ifeng．com found 64 percent of respondents believed the new rule will be difficult to carry out because it is related to officials’ 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 10 interests． “Local government departments had halted approvals for requests for such vehicles and had started to work on new quotas under the new rules，” Li said．“The future reform of official vehicle use will introduce market mechanisms and monetization．” Premier Wen Jiabao said in the annual government work report on Saturday that expenditures on such vehicles will not increase in 2011 compared with a year ago． Beijing’s standing deputy mayor Ji Lin last week said the municipal government will release the number of vehicles for official use in the capital as early as at the end of this month． Earlier this month，the Minister of Finance had published a rule regulating the budgets for such vehicles． 1．What is the purpose of the new rule allocating vehicles among officials？ A．To promote a low-carbon lifestyle． B．To cut down the present huge expenditures of purchasing cars． C．To make good use of budgets for official cars． D．To solve the problem of severe traffic jam． 2．How often could the cars used by minister-level officials be replaced according to the new rule？ A．Every 3 years． B．Every 5 years． C．Every 8 years． D．Every 10 years． 3 ． What about the officials ranking below minister-or-governor levels in terms of official vehicles？ A．They can still possess special cars． B．They can use their own private cars． C．They can use cars whenever officially necessary． D．They can be allocated second-hand cars． 4．What is the public’s attitude toward the new rule’s fulfillment？ A．Uncertain． B．Optimistic． C．Indifferent． D．Passive 5．From the passage，we can infer that_________． 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 11 A．the government is determined to carry out the new rule B．the new rule has not yet been made public C．the new rule will benefit official’s interest D．the new rule is applied to minister-level officials Passage 8 Grandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth-century painters of the United States，yet she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies．As she once said to herself：" I would never sit back in a rocking chair，waiting for someone to help me．" No one could have had a more productive old age． She was born Anna Mary Robertson on a farm in New York State，one of five boys and five girls．At twelve she left home and was in domestic service until，at twenty-seven ， she married Thomas Moses ， the hired hand of one of her employers．They farmed most of their lives，first in Virginia and then in New York State，at Eagle Bridge．She had ten children，of whom five survived；her husband died in 1927． Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery pictures as a hobby，but only changed to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time．Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought everything she painted．Three of the pictures exhibited in the Museum of Modern Art， and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York．Between the 1930's and her death，she produced some 2，000 pictures：detailed and lively portrayals of the country life she had known for so long，with a wonderful sense of color and form．"I think really hard till I think of something really pretty，and then I paint it" she said． 1．According to the passage，Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to________． A．make herself beautiful B．keep active C．earn more money D．become famous 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 12 2．Grandma Moses spent most of her life________． A．nursing B．painting C．embroidering D．farming 3．The underlined word “portrayals ”means________． A．descriptions B．expressions C．explanations D．impressions 4．From Grandma Moses' description of herself in the first paragraph ， it can be inferred that she was________． A．independent B．pretty C．rich D．nervous 5．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？ A．Grandma Moses：Her Life and Pictures． B．The Children of Grandma Moses． C．Grandma Moses：Her Best Exhibition． D．Grandma Moses and Other Older Artists． Passage 9 Scientists say they now have proof to support the old-fashioned advice that it’s best to sleep on a problem．They say sleep strengthens the memory and helps the brain organize the masses of information we receive each day． The lead researcher Bob Stickgold at Harvard Medical School said，“Sleep helps us draw rules from our experiences．It’s like knowing the difference between dogs and cats even if it’s hard to explain．” The US research team studied how well students remembered connections between words and symbols，reports New Scientist．They compared how the students performed if they had had a sleep between seeing the words and having the test，and if they had not slept ． They found that people were better able to remember lists of related words after a night’s sleep than after the same time spent awake during the day．They also found it easier to remember themes that the words had in common．But they forgot around one in four more themes if they had been awake． Prof．John Groeger，University of Surrey’s Sleep Research Centre，said，“People have been trying for years to find out what the purpose of sleep is，as we know that 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 13 only certain parts of it have a restorative value．” “We form and store huge numbers of experiences in the head every day，and sleep seems to be the way the brain deals with them all．” 1．The phrase “to sleep on a problem” in Paragraph 1 most likely means “________”． A．to pay full attention to a problem B．to wait until the next day for a decision C．to sleep to forget a problem D．to have difficulty in sleeping 2．In the study by the US research team，students were asked to________． A．put together words of similar meanings B．remember words and their meanings C．show their knowledge of words D．make up lists of related words 3．Which of the following may be easier to remember？ A．Themes learned right before the test． B．Rules from personal experiences． C．Words learned before a good sleep． D．Ideas stored together in the brain． 4．What may be the importance of the research？ A．It shows that sleep may help us manage information． B．It helps find out the common themes of words． C．It tells us that more sleep can improve health． D．It proves the value of old-fashioned advice． Passage 10 It’s 5：00 in the morning when the alarm rings in my ears．I roll out of bed and walk blindly through the dark into the bathroom．I turn on the light and put on my glasses．The house is still as I walk downstairs while my husband and three kids sleep peacefully．Usually I go for a long run，but today I choose my favorite exercise DVD 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 14 insanity．Sweat pours down my face and into my eyes．My heart races as I face my body to finish each movement．As I near the end of the exercise，I feel extremely tired，but a smile is of my face．It’s a smile because the DVD is over，but a smile of success from pushing my body to its extreme limit． Some people enjoy shopping，smoking，food，work，or even chocolate．But I need exercise to get through each day ． Some shake heads when they see me run through the town ． Others get hurt when I refuse to try just one bite of their grandmother’s chocolate cake．They raise their eyebrows，surprised by my “no thank you，” or by my choice to have a salad．Over the years，I have learned it’s okay to just say “no．” I shouldn’t feel sorry for refusing food that I don’t want to eat． So what drives me to roll out of bed at 5：00 a．m．？What gives me the reason to just say to ice cream？Commitment．A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces daily anxiety，increases self–confidence and energy，extends life and above all improves my body shape．This is the point where a smile appears on my face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just right．It’s through commitment and sweat that I can make a difference within myself inside and out． 1．Why is there a smile on the author’s face in the morning？ A．Because she sees her family sleeping peacefully． B．Because she finishes her favorite exercise C．Because she enjoys the interesting DVD D．Because she feels a sense of achievement 2．Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2？ A．She doesn’t like others r politely B．She likes to make others surprised C．Others don’t understand what she does． D．Others try to help her by offering her food 3．What does the underlined word “commitment” in the last paragraph mean？ A．Good health B．Firm belief 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 15 C．A strong power D．A regular half 4．What can we learn about the author from the text？ A．She acts in a strange way B．She wants to look different from others C．She aims to develop a good body shape D．She has difficult getting along with others Passage 11 “Drink your milk．It’s good for you！” You’ve probably heard that many times， and it’s true．Milk contains calcium，which is necessary for keeping bones and teeth healthy and strong．The US government even requires milk as part of the National School Lunch Program ， saying that students should drink one cup of fat-free or low-fat milk every meal． However，a group of doctors asked the government to take it away from the lunch program．The US ‘Physician Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM) says，“Milk is high in sugar，fat and animal protein，” all of which have negative effects on health．The PCRM says there are better and healthier ways to get calcium such as eating beans，broccoli，cereals and tofu．Orange juice and soymilk that have calcium added to them also supply the nutrient ．“One of the only reasons people prefer milk is because it is going to help build strong bones，” says Dr Neal Barnard， president of the PCRM．But milk may not be the best way to get calcium your body needs． Of course，calcium is important for healthy bones and teeth，but there are other things that affect your bone strength，such as genes，how much vitamin D you take in， and getting an hour’s worth of exercise every day． Some people disagree with the idea that milk isn’t important．Keri Gans，an American Dietitian，says “I don’t think it’s irresponsible to take this beverage that children enjoy it very much，especially among those who are unable to meet their nutrient needs for the day，and remove it from the lunch line．” 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 16 The U ． S government is now considering the request of the PCRM ， but a decision may be a long way off．Meanwhile，Marion Nestle，a professor puts it best： “Milk certainly has nutrients．Other food has the same nutrients．It’s just food．As with other food，too much might be a problem．” 1 ． The U ． S ． government requires milk as part of the National School Lunch Program ． A．as a result of the request of the PCRM B．because milk is the best way to get calcium C．as drinking milk is good for bones and teeth D．because milk is known to be fat-free or low-fat 2．The PCRM proposed that milk be removed from the lunch program because ． A．American children are taking in too much calcium and suffering it B．drinking milk is not the best way to get the calcium your body needs C．drinking milk has more negative effects than positive ones on health D．new researches prove that milk is not high in calcium as beans or tofu 3．The underlined word “beverage” in the 4th paragraph probably means “ ”． A．food B．game C．plan D．drink 4．According to the author， ． A．milk should be removed from the lunch program B．it is irresponsible to take milk out of the lunch line C．it is up to the children to decide what to do with the milk D．it will take a long time for the government to makes a final decision Passage 12 Britain’s oldest man made his first visit to London yesterday at the age of 101．Mr．John Evans had never found the time or money to make the trip from his home in Forest Fach ， near Swansea ． But ， when British Rail offered him an all-expenses-paid birthday trip to the capital he just could not refuse． He arrived at Paddington Station and smartly turned out in his best suit，favorite 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 17 Panama hat and a red rose in his buttonhole．“It’s very exciting．There’s no doubt about it，” he said． Until yesterday he had never been far from home ， except for one trip to Aberdeen．“But I’ve been on the seas to that faraway land called Ilfracombe 21 miles from home，” he joked． Mr Evans，who spent 60 years working as a miner in South Wales，almost made the journey to London once before，at the turn of the century．“There was a trip to the White City but it was ten shillings return from Swansea — too much I thought．All my money went to the family then，” he said． During the next two days Mr Evans will be taken on a short tour of London to see the sights．Top of his list is a visit to the House of Parliament organized by his MP，Mr Gareth Wardell． The only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided for him if he gets tired．“I don’t like the chair — people will think I am getting old．” he said．His secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized — no wine，no tobacco and no anger． Before setting off from Swansea with his 76-year-old son，Amwell，he said jokingly，“I’m glad to see they’ve given me a return ticket．” 1．The very reason that Mr Evans didn’t go to see the world is that _________． A．he had already been on the seas to Ilfracombe B．he was too busy to go too far away from home C．he couldn’t afford both the time and the money D．he believed “East or west，home is best” 2．Mr Evans didn’t like the wheelchair simply because _________． A．he was not used to traveling in it B．the wheelchair was of poor quality and not easy to operate C．he actually preferred walking to sitting in it at home D．he thought he was still young enough to manage the trip 3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？ 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 18 A．Mr Evans had to work hard to raise his family when young． B．The trip to London excited Mr Evans very much． C．Mr Evans could not really enjoy the trip because of his age． D．Humor was one of Mr Evans’ characters． 4．The probable explanation to Mr Evans’ long life lies in _________． A．his good living habits B．his hard working for the family C．his sticking to his hometown D．his living conditions near the Swansea Passage 13 Getting rid of dirt，in the opinion of most people，is a good thing．However， there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt． In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease，as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in ． A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths．By 1538，the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom．So did the king of England in 1546． Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way．Henry IV，King of France，was famously dirty．Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath，the king ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out． Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century ．Scientifically speaking ， cleaning away dirt is good to health ． Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease．Yet，it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ．Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea； clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer，surfaces to shine．Has the hate for dirt，however，gone too far？ Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays．Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease．On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist，encourages 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 19 children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system．And the latter position is gaining some ground． 1 ． The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because ． A．they lived healthily in a dirty environment． B．they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in C．they believed disease could be spread in public baths D．they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease 2．Which of the following best describes Henry Ⅳ’s attitude to bathing？ A．Afraid． B．Curious． C．Approving． D．Uninterested． 3．How does the passage mainly develop？ A．By providing examples． B．By making comparisons． C．By following the order of time． D．By following the order of importance． 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？ A．To stress the role of dirt． B．To introduce the history of dirt． C．To call attention to the danger of dirt． D．To present the change of views on dirt． Passage14 You wake up in the morning，the day is beautiful and the plans for the day are what you have been looking forward to for a long time．Then the telephone rings，you say hello，and the drama starts．The person on the other end has a depressing tone in his voice as he starts to tell you how terrible his morning is and that there is nothing to look forward to．You are still in a wonderful mood？Impossible！ Communicating with negative people can wash out your happiness．It may not change what you think，but communicating long enough with them will make you feel 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 20 depressed for a moment or a long time． Life brings ups and downs，but some people are stuck in the wrong idea that life has no happiness to offer．They only feel glad when they make others feel bad．No wonder they can hardly win others’ pity or respect． When you communicate with positive people ， your spirit stays happy and therefore more positive things are attracted．When the dagger(匕首) of a negative person is put in you，you feel the heavy feeling that all in all，brings you down． Sometimes we have no choice but to communicate with negative people．This could be a co-worker，or a relative．In this case，say what needs to be said as little as possible．Sometimes it feels good to let out your anger back to the negative person， but all this does is to lower you to that same negative level and they won’t feel ashamed of themselves about that． Negativity often affects happiness without even being realized ． The negative words of another at the start of the day can cling to you throughout the rest of your day，which makes you feel bad and steals your happiness．Life is too short to feel negative．Stay positive and avoid negativity as much as possible． 1．The purpose of the first paragraph is to ______． A．make a comparison B．offer an evidence C．introduce a topic D．describe a daily scene 2．How can negative people have effect on us？ A．By influencing our emotion． B．By telling us the nature of life． C．By changing our ways of thinking． D．By comparing their attitudes to life with ours． 3．Some negative people base their happiness on _______． A．other people’s pity for them B．making other people unhappy C．building up a positive attitude D．other people’s respect for them 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 21 4．According to the passage，to reduce negative people’s influence on us，we are advised to ______． A．change negative people’s attitudes to life B．show our dissatisfaction to negative people C．make negative people feel ashamed of themselves D．communicate with negative people as little as possible 5．What is the author’s attitude towards negative people？ A．Favorable． B．Critical． C．Indifferent． D．Supportive． Passage 15 PALM COAST""“ Agatha Lee described her reaction as “disbelief” ， when School Board Chairwoman Sue Dickinson called her name Last Thursday night at Flagler Auditorium． Lee ， a second-grade teacher at Belle Terre Elementary School ， was named Flagler County’s Teacher of the Year today． "I was in such a great group of excellent teachers and I was just shocked．” Lee said in an interview after the announcement． Every Flagler school names a Teacher of the Year once a year and those nominees are considered for the district’s award．That winner，along with winners from the state’s other districts，is then considered for the Florida Teacher of the Year award，which is announced in July． To be qualified for the teaching award ， teachers must encourage continuous learning，show skillfulness in their subject area，use creative teaching strategies’ show leadership and create a caring and respectful environment． Jill Stirling，a kindergarten teacher，Flagler’s 2010 Teacher of the Year，said she also met winners from throughout the state to share teaching strategies and best practices．“I often think of those little people that have made me the teacher I am and the person that I am，" Stirling said． Lee，the following new winner，who is now in her thirteenth year of teaching， 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 22 came to Flagler County in 2004 after working in Pasco and St．Johns counties．She worked at the former Indian Trails K-8 school and came to Belle Terre Elementary when it opened in fall 2005． Lee，who comes from a family of teachers，said she has always enjoyed being with children． “I love watching their faces when they have that ‘aha’ moment，" she said． 1．How did Agatha Lee feel when she was crowned Flagler County’s Teacher of the Year？ A．Excited． B．Astonished． C．Satisfied． D．Proud． 2．What did you know about Agatha Lee from the passage？ A．Her parents are probably also teachers． B．She worked in four counties altogether． C．She has taught in Flagler County since 2005． D．She once shared teaching strategies with Jill Stirling． 3．To be a Flagler Teacher of the Year，one is required to______． A．perform life-long learning B．show ability of leadership C．be careful and respectful D．share teaching strategies 4．Which of the following is correct in order of time according to the passage？ ①Lee came to Flagler County． ②Lee taught in Indian Trails K-8 school． ③Lee was named Flagler County’s 2010 Teacher of the Year． ④Lee worked in Pasco and St．Johns counties． ⑤Lee was named as Teacher of the Year by Belle Terre Elementary School． A．①④②③⑤ B．④②①⑤③ C．④①②⑤③ D．①②⑤③④ Passage 16 “Experience may possibly be the best teacher，but it is not a particularly good teacher．” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 23 words ， but they actually come from James March ， a predecessor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organization decision making ． For years March (possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act，and he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience． He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning：“Experience is respected；experience is sought；experience is explained ． ” The problem is that learning from experience involves serious complications，ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book． In one interesting part of book，for example，he turns a double eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning．In our efforts to make stories interesting，he argues，we lose part of the complicated truth of things．He says “The more accurately reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story，the less realistic it is．” Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher，March is also a poet，and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses．Though the book is short，it is demanding：Don’t pick it up looking for quick， easy lessons．Rather，be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life． 1．According to the text，James March is_________． A．a poet who uses experience in his writing B．a teacher who teachers story writing in university C．a researcher who studies the way humans think and act D．a professor who helps organizations make important decisions 2．According to James March，experience_________． A．is overvalued B．is easy to explain C．should be actively sought D．should be highly respected 3．What can we learn from Paragraph 3？ A．Experience makes stories more accurate． 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 24 B．Stories made interesting fail to fully present the truth． C．The use of stories is the best way of experiential learning． D．Stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described． 4．What’s the purpose of this text？ A．To introduce a book． B．To describe a researcher． C．To explain experiential learning． D．To discuss organizational decision making． Passage 17 GPS or Global Positioning System is a technology for locating a person or an object in three － dimensional space anywhere on the earth or in the surrounding orbit．GPS is a very important invention of our time on account of the many different possibilities it brings ． The technology is still advancing and new applications are being developed to make full use of its potential． The GPS system works with the help of a satellite network ． Each of these satellites broadcasts a specific signal quite like a normal radio signal．These signals that carry the location data are received by a low-cost aerial which are then decoded by the GPS software． The software is able to identify the satellite，its location in space and the time the signals take to travel from each satellite．The software then processes the information it receives from each satellite to calculate the position of the receiver．The overall process is quite like traditional navigation methods．If you can draw lines from three predefined places on the map to where you are，you can identify your position as the intersection of these lines，within a margin of error． The consumer range of GPS solutions starts with sophisticated car GPS systems—they can have features like voice guiding，dynamic route calculation and in-built features to load and update a map from a CD． The handheld range includes GPS devices from companies such as Magellan and 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 25 Garmin ． These typically have maps stored inside and work well for outdoor use．However the handheld range does not usually have dynamic route calculation facility so the user has to find his/her route． Another application that was launched in the market recently has GPS working in a PDA (personal digital assistant)．The PDA is designed to connect with a GPS receiver．This range is generally cheap，but the PDA-based application is not very strong．There are also variants that use wireless Bluetooth connections．These can work both for personal navigation as well as inside a vehicle． 1．The passage mainly tells readers ______． A．how GPS works and what we can use it for B．how good GPS is and how we can use it C．how widely GPS has been used in our life D．how important and useful GPS is 2．We learn from the passage that we can use GPS ______． A．anywhere on the earth B．on or near the earth C．only in the open space D．only in the outer space 3．Which of the following is NOT right according to the passage？ A．GPS can help give guidance to car drivers． B．GPS locates position 100 percent accurate． C．GPS devices can be of very small size． D．GPS can function in a personal digital assistant． 4．Which of the following shows the correct position of the GPS receiver？ （The circle in the center is the earth．※：satellite ★：receiver） 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 26 Passage 18 The new studies show that fewer than half of the 9th graders in many of the nation’s largest cities，ever graduate．The studies clearly show that the dropout rate isn’t dropping．And，in particular，the dropout rate isn’t dropping for poor and minority students． Amazingly，though so many people regret the rising dropout rate，our schools continue to lack formal plans—or any plans—about students’ motivation．Most schools have no game plans to ensure that students understand that school will be completely necessary．Schools expect the children to act as the school is important， but they never teach them to believe that． Years ago，families ensured that the offspring recognized the value of school．But in many modern families，the children may fail to recognize the importance of school life just because these families may actually tell the children that school is not important．Since many families are not motivating their children to be interested students，young professionals，like teachers，may need to provide this training．Otherwise，it is likely that the dropout rate will continue to not drop，but only worsen． Here are some strategies to convince even the most apathetic students that they must stay in school． Ask students if they will ever need to work：The world has changed．100 years ago，factory work was the booming job，and it required no education．Today，factories are increasingly automated．Most computer-related jobs require education and at least a high school diploma． Ask students which century they will be prepared for：In 1900，the most common jobs were farm laborer and domestic servant—education not needed．Now，the most common jobs are office and sales worker—education and diploma usually needed．6 out of 10 people today work in a store or an office． Ask students to devise a way that the employee could be replaced．For example， the coming trend in fast food is to use computers rather than people to run the restaurant．A prototype is apparently already being tested．The students should 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 27 discover that most jobs that lack education and diploma requirements will be ripe for automation． 1．By saying “the dropout rate isn’t dropping”，the author means to say that ________． A．most of the 9th graders can afford to go to school B．quite a few of the 9th graders can graduate C．the majority of the 9th graders cannot graduate D．the minority of the 9th graders can’t graduate 2．The author’s attitude towards the schools is ________． A．criticism B．praise C．ignoring D．support 3．With the help of some professionals，________． A．fewer students may stay in schools B．some parents will be more convinced of their children’s future C．the dropout rate in schools may drop D．all the kids problems should be solved 4．What does the underlined word “offspring” probably mean？ A．friends B．students C．children D．parents 5．According to the passage，________ doesn’t need education． A．an automation job of today B．a computer-related job now C．an office job at present D．a domestic servant’s job in 1900 Passage 19 Maybe it’s a sign of a mature mind when some of life’s bigger questions — about love，faith，ambition — suddenly seem more manageable than smaller ones，such as： Why did I just open the refrigerator？Where on earth did I put my keys？Where did I write down that phone number？ Our capacity for storing and recalling information does not stream down like sand through an hourglass，as neurologists once believed．On the contrary，new 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 28 research suggests that，when stimulated in the right way，brains of almost any age can give birth to cells and forge fresh pathways to file away new information ． This emerging picture has not only encouraged those who treat and care for the 5% of older adults who have dementia such as Alzheimer’s disease，but also generated a wave of optimism among those studying memory changes in the other 95%，as well as an increasing public fascination with “memory enhancement” dietary supplements ， books and brain-improving techniques． The slight failures of memory that many of us attribute to a failing brain are often due to something entirely different：anxiety，sleep problems，depression，even heart disease．The biological nuts and bolts of learning and memory in fact change little over time in healthy people，researchers say．“There’s very little cell loss，and structurally all the machinery is there，even very late in life，” said a neuroscientist Greg Cole．It’s the cells’ speed and ability to send and receive signals that diminish gradually， which is what makes the mind go blank when trying to recall familiar words and names． For more than a decade，researchers have known that people who have active， intellectually challenging lives are less likely to develop dementia than those who do not．Part of this difference is attributable to intelligence，some doctors believe：The more you start with，the longer it takes to lose it．And new evidence suggests that the act of using your brain is in itself protective，no matter who you are． All of the activities，such as reading newspapers，watching TV，playing games， etc．，can improve people’s scores on standard tests measuring recall of numbers and names，experts say．They also acknowledge，however，that there is a big difference between playing chess with a friend and doing a mental exercise，such as memorizing numbers．One is an organic part of a person’s life，the other a purely intellectual exercise，done in isolation．The first is fun；the second，often，is a tiring task． 1．According to the text，adult persons usually ___________． A．stress the settlement of bigger problems B．focus their attention on great issues 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 29 C．overlook the remembrance of trivial things D．suffer memory decline related to age 2．According to new research，it’s distinct that ___________． A．our brain cells can be producible B．our memory may be renewable C．most mental illnesses are curable D．brain-mending methods are available 3．The phrase “nuts and bolts” (Paragraph 3) most probably means ___________． A．basic structures B．complex tasks C．practical aspects D．working parts 4．Experts suggest that the best way to avoid memory failures is to ___________． A．take more dietary supplements B．keep mental function alive C．find an intellectual occupation D．do more intellectual exercises Passage 20 Health，Wellness and the Politics of Food 9：00—9：45 a．m．Blue Tent Panelists：Jami Bernard，David Kamp，Marion Nestle and Peter Singer． Hosted by Denise Grady，science writer for The New York Times． How does what we eat not only affect our bodies，but also the world？The food and nutrition experts debate the role that the diet plays in both personal and global health，and present a look at food politics． Sports Writing：For the Love of the Game 9：50—10：35 a．m．Blue Tent Panelists：Christine Brennan，Ira Rosen，Joe Wallace and Joe Drape． Hosted by William C．Rhoden，sports writer for The New York Times． Whether catching that key moment of victory or defeat，or covering breaking news，sports writers are anything but audience．Listen as some professionals discuss the special experience in reporting of sports news． The Art of the Review 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 30 11：15—12：00 a．m．Green Tent Panelists：John Freeman，Barry Gewen，David Orr，Celia McGee and Jennifer Schuessler． Hosted by Sam Tanenhaus，editor for The New York Times Book Review．How much of an effect does the book review have on book sales？Join this group of critics as they discuss the reality of book review and bestseller lists，and how they choose books for review． New York Writers，New York Stories 3：00—3：45 p．m．Green Tent Panelists：Cindy Adams，Richard Cohen，Ric Klass and Lauren Redniss． Hosted by Clyde Haberman，columnist for the City Section of The New York Times． Join this inspiring group of New York－centric writers as they talk about why New York is a gold mine of ideas for their work． 1．If you are free in the afternoon，you can attend_______． A．The Art of the Review B．New York Writers，New York Stories C．Health，Wellness and the Politics of Food D．Sports Writing：For the Love of the Game 2．Sam Tanenhaus is in charge of ________． A．The Art of the Review B．Health，Wellness and the Politics of Food C．New York Writers，New York Stories D．Sports Writing：For the Love of the Game 3．All the four activities above _______． A．are about writing B．will last 45 minutes each C．can be attended freely D．will attract many readers 4．We can learn from the text that________． A．sports writers are a type of audience 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 31 B．the New York Times is popular C．Denise Grady will discuss politics D．book reviews may affect book sales Passage 21 You've probably read the books．You've probably seen the movies．But have you heard the music？The latest Harry Potter news is that bands have been forming to play what is called "wizard rock" or sometimes just "wrock．" The new kind of music began when Joe DeGeorge and his brother Paul decided that the characters from Harry Potter would make a great band．Ron on guitar， Hermione on bass，Hagrid on drums and Harry singing up front would make for an excellent group．In one day，the brothers wrote，practised and performed six songs about life at Hogwarts．After the first performance，Paul decided that "we're Harry and the Potters．" Wizard rock is pretty much what it sounds like：rock 'n' roll inspired by and set in the world of Harry Potter．The DeGeorges started a trend．Today，there are dozens of wizard-rock bands：the Whomping Willows，the Remus Lupins and the Moaning Myrtles to name a few．Rockers dress like Hogwarts students and play at conventions and festivals． People who like Harry Potter think wizard rock music is totally awesome．The songs can be funny，but the music is not a joke．It's serious．Just ask the DeGeorge brothers．They've played more than 500 shows in 49 states．They dress in Hogwarts house colors，and their hit songs are inspired by characters from the books："Save Ginny Weasley" and "Voldemort Can't Stop the Rock！" The themes of their music are the same as the themes of Rowling's books：love and friendship，upset and struggle． Wizard rock is just one more spin-off in the Harry Potter craze．Two years after J．K．Rowling published her last book in the series，Potter popularity continues to grow．There are Potter conventions and Potter clubs that try to get kids and grown-ups to help fight hunger，for example．And the fact that they may do it while humming "Wizard Chess" or "Platform 9" makes those meetings fun． 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 32 1．Which of the following is a band’s name？ A．Hermione． B．The Whomping Willows． C．Harry Potter． D．Save Ginny Weasley． 2．Which of the following is wizard rock’s characteristic？ A．Funny and joking． B．Joking and serious． C．Funny and serious． D．Serious and dull． 3．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage？ A．The DeGeorge has been popular in the USA． B．People think highly of wizard rock． C．The wizard rock’s themes are related to struggle． D．Wizard rock is only popular among teenagers． 4．From the last paragraph，we can learn that ____________． A．Harry Potter has had great effect on American’s music． B．Wizard rock has created another hit about Harry Potter． C．Harry Potter continues to be liked by its fans． D．J．K．Rowling will continue to write something about Harry Potter． 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 33 Passage 1 1．D 节理解题。根据第一段中的 for a more ambitious journey and a new record 可知，此次飞行时为一次新的计划做准备。 2．A 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的 the 2，500-mile journey 可知，他要 完成 2500 英里的旅程。 3．D 推理判断题。文中提到了飞行的时间、距离及其高度，只有飞行要花费 的时间没有提及，所以选 D。 4．C 推理判断题。根据第二段和倒数第二的可知选 C。 5．C 推理判断题。通过最后一段中冒险家的话可知，他不是在梦想，而是在 为此实实在在地做准备。也就是说，他一直在筹划他的冒险计划。 Passage 2 1．C 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“loudly enough”可得出答案为 C。 2．B 细节理解题。根据第一段第四句中的定语从句可推断出答案，silent 与 quiet 意思相近。 3．D 推理判断题。由第一段可知在班上发言不同于在家里谈话，同学们安静 下来等你讲话，你可能感到不太自然。 4．C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“You must take special care that you can be heard．”可得出答案。 5．A 主旨大意题。从整篇文章可以得出结论：在不同的场合，我们说话要采 取不同的方式。 Passage 3 1．B 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句话的 by working at home on computers 可知 B 项正确。 2．C 细节理解题。第三段的最后一句话 it is difficult to know if students are learning well 提到了网络课程的缺点，C 项正确。 3．B 细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句话说的是网络课程的优点，即学生们 可以按自己的水平选择课程，这也是它之所以受欢迎的原因，选 B。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 34 4．A 主旨大意题。作者并无表明自己对网络学校的态度，仅是对网络学校作 了客观的描述，因此选 A。 Passage 4 1．A 细节理解题。第一段介绍了 BRICS 的内容，它涉及五个主要的迅速发展 的经济体，即 A 项正确。第二段中的 up-and-coming“积极进取的，日见重要的” 与 A 选项中的 active 意义相同。 2．B 细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知，金砖五国的领导人都支持非洲的工 业化，因为它能够促进非洲的发展并增强非洲同这五个国家之间的贸易关系，只 有 B 项的说法是正确的。 3．A 细节理解题。根据第二段末的 which will prove beneficial for global economic growth，可知 BRICS 各国之间的经济合作将促进全球经济的增长。A 项是对这 句话的同义转述。 4．D 推理判断题。最后一段第二句提出了促进非洲经济增长的四个动因：矿 物质的繁荣、服务业的发展、免受金融危机的冲击、基础设施的发展。其中 D 项与原文中的 the benefit of not having the financial crisis 相符。 Passage 5 1．C 细节理解题。由第一段 It isn't the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools which makes him a scientist 可知，答案选 C 项。 2．C 推理判断题。第一段第六句强调知道怎样去调查，去获取信息，即一种 思考的过程，暗示思维的重要性。 3．A 细节理解题。由第二段第四句可知一个正确的科学理论应该是经得起推敲 的。 4．D 主旨大意题。文章第一段主要讲述合理利用工具的重要性，第二段主要 说明准确的重要性。故选 D 项。 Passage 6 1．C 细节理解题。根据 who hit a traffic jam on his way to work 可知，交通堵塞 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 35 才是他迟到的真正原因。 2．B 主旨大意题。第一句即是文章的主题句，全篇都在讲幽默的重要性。 3．A 词义猜测题。老板连辞退他的话都想好了，但 Sam 开的这个玩笑使人们 哄堂大笑。而老板为了树立他的威严，仍然强忍住笑。故答案为 A。 4．B 推断题。根据 …shortly after receiving an ultimatum(最后通牒) about being late on the job 我们可以了解到，Sam 不止一次上班迟到了。 Passage 7 1．B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 to reduce the costs of purchasing new cars， media have reported 可知选 B。 2．C 细节理解题。第三段指出，省部级官员配车，使用年限从 5 年一换变为 8 年一换。 3．D 细节理解题。第四段提出，部级以下官员不再配车，他们可以根据工作 所需用车，选 D。 4．A 推理判断题。根据第七段可知，一项网络调查发现，64%的调查对象认为 由于牵涉到交通部门的利益，新法很难推行。所以公众的态度应该是 uncertain“不 确定的”。 5．A 推理判断题。最后一段说明政府要继续推行新法，A 项与之相符。 Passage 8 1．B 推理判断题。由第一段可知摩西奶奶七十多岁才开始作画，她作画的初 衷 had a more productive old age，所以选 B。 2．D 细节理解题。由第二段中的 They farmed most of their lives，可知摩西奶奶 与其丈夫一生中的大部分时间都是务农的。 3．A 词义猜测题。Portrayals 是对 pictures 的解释，即这两千幅画都是对乡村 生活生动具体的“描述”，选 A。 4．A 推理判断题。根据摩西奶奶的话 I would never sit back in a rocking chair， waiting for someone to help me．可知她是一个独立的人。 5．A 主旨大意题。全文就是介绍了画家摩西奶奶以及她的有关作品，A 项能 概括文章主题。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 36 Passage 9 1．B 词义猜测题。to sleep on a problem 后面提到入睡时大脑可以处理信息，推 测该短语的的意思是“带着问题入睡（到第二天再作出决定）”。 2．B 细节理解题。由第三段的第一句话的 words and symbols 可知，在研究中， 研究者要求学生记忆单词和它的含义。 3．C 推理判断题。根据第三段第三句可判断如果在睡觉前记忆单词，在睡眠 时可得到巩固，记忆的效果就要好些。 4．A 推理判断题。全文表达的主题就是：睡眠可能有助于大脑处理信息。这 也是研究的重要性所在。 Passage 10 1．D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话可知作者脸上的微笑不是因为 DVD 的结束，而是因为一种成功的微笑，因为自己锻炼挑战了身体的极限。 2．C 细节理解题。shake heads 和 raise their eyebrows 可知别人并不理解作者锻 炼身体的行为。 3．B 词义猜测题。作者每天早上很早起床锻炼，抵御住美味的诱惑，需要坚 定的信念和意志力。 4．C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“…above all improves my body shape．” 可知答案选 C。 Passage 11 1．C 细节理解题。由第一段第二、三句 Milk contains calcium，which is a necessary keeping bones and teeth healthy and strong．可知选 C。 2．B 推理判断题。第一段提到牛奶富含钙，所以提倡多喝牛奶。根据第二段 第二、三句又知，牛奶同样也富含糖、脂肪和动物蛋白，这些对人体健康不利。 而豆类、西兰花、谷类和豆腐也含有钙，可以取代牛奶。所以 B 项正确。 3．D 词义理解题。根据 reverage 所在的一句话可知，它指的是前文起到的 milk， 而 milk 是一种液体，只能选 D 项“饮料”。 4．D 观点态度题。作者只是客观报道，并没有发表自己的主观态度。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 37 Passage 12 1．C 细节理解题。由第一段第二句话“…never found the time or money…”可知 选 C。 2．D 细节理解题。由第六段 Mr Evan 的话“…people will think I am getting old…”可知他不喜欢轮椅，是因为不愿意被人看作人老了。 3．C 细节理解题。从第二段的 very exciting 可知 C 项与之不符。 4．A 细节理解题。由第六段最后一句话“…no wine，no tobacco and no anger” 可知健康长寿的秘诀在于健康的生活习惯。 Passage 13 1．C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知当时英法两国的国王之 所以关闭公共澡堂，是因为他们认为那儿是疾病的传播地。 2．A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知 Henry IV 很脏，几乎从不 洗澡，甚至听说有个人洗澡时他命令不让所有人出门，以免传染上疾病。可以推 断他是十分害怕洗澡的。 3．C 【解析】组织结构题。全文以时间为序，介绍人们对 Dirt 的观点的转变。 4．D【解析】主旨大意题。全文主要客观介绍人们对 Dirt 的观点的转变。 Passage 14 1．C 推理判断题。第一段是一个电话的实例，以此来引出下文要谈论的话题。 2．A 推理判断题。文章第二段第二句可知，消极的人是通过改变我们的情绪 来影响我们。 3．B 细节理解题。由文章第三段 They only feel glad when they make others feel bad 可知，消极的人是把自己的快乐建立在别人的痛苦之上的，故 B 是正确的。 4．D 细节理解题。由文章第五段可知，如果不得已要跟与消极的人交谈，也 要尽量少说话，故 D 项正确。 Passage 15 1．B 细节理解题。由第一段中的“disbelief（不相信）”以及第三段中的“1 was just 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 38 shocked”，可知 Agatha Lee 对当选为 Flagler County 年度教师感到很吃惊。 2．A 推理判断题。倒数第二段提到 Lee 来自于教师之家，由此可推知她的父 母也可能是老师。 3．B 细节理解题。由第五段可知，leadership“领导能力”是成为年度教师必须 具备的能力之一，因此选 B。 4．C 排序题。可用时间顺序法和排除法解答该题。由倒数第三段的时间点 2004 和 2005 可知④和①发生在先，故先排除 B、D 两项。再由倒数第三段第一句可 知④发生在①的前面，故排除 A 选 C。 Passage 16 1．C 细节理解题。由第一段中“For years March…has studied how humans think and act…”可知 James March 是一位从事人类思想和行动方法研究的科学家。 2．A 推理判断题。根据最后一句话“Don’t pick it up looking for quick，easy lessons．Rather，be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life．”并结合全文可知以往人们对经验估价的过高。 3．B 推理判断题。根据第三段最后以具有可知我们在努力增加故事的趣味性 的时候，丢掉了它的真实性。 4．A 主旨大意题。整篇文章主要介绍了 James March 的一本叫做《经验的疆界》 的书。 Passage 17 1．A 主旨大意题。文章的第二、三段叙述了 GPS 的工作原理，第四、五、六 段是关于 GPS 的运用。 2．B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句可知 GPS 能够对地球上或地球附近 的轨道上的物体进行定位。 3．B 推理判断题。A、C、D 三项分别在文章的第四、五、六段被提到。由文 章第三段最后一句的 within a margin of error 可知 B 项有误。。 4．B 细节理解题。本题要求正确标出 GPS 接受装置的位置。根据文章第三段 最后一句可以看出它的位置应该是“intersection of these lines”，不难看出只有 B 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 39 项正确。 Passage 18 1．C 推理判断题。根据第一句 “不到一半的九年级学生能够毕业” 可知，仍有 多数学生不能毕业。the dropout rate isn’t dropping 的含义是 “失学率没有下降”， 2．A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段，作者认为学校并没有正式的计划来激发 学生的学习兴趣，并没有去教给他们如何相信学习是必要的，可知作者对学校所 持批评的态度。 3．C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可以判断，professionals 有可能帮助抑 制失学率的上升。 4．C 词义猜测题。根据第三段 But in many modern families 和下文 the children may fail to recognize the importance of school life．．．可以判断这里讲述的是让 小孩儿认识到学校生活的重要性，由此可以推知 offspring 与 children 同义。 5．D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 In 1900，the most common jobs were farm laborer and domestic servant—education not needed．可以判断，domestic servant 不需要有文化。 Passage 19 1．D 推理判断题。题干中的 adult person 相当于第一段中的 mature mind。此段 表明，对成年人而言，一些较大的问题比较小的问题更容易处理（manageable）， 而所列举的一些“小问题”都是成人（尤其是中老年人）常遗忘的琐事，只有 D 项正确。 2．A 细节理解题。new research 出现在第二段第二句，“当受到适当的刺激时， 任何年龄的大脑都能产生细胞，并形成存档新资料的渠道。”据此可知，选项 A 符合句意。其余三项皆非 new research 的结论。 3．D 词义猜测题。由下文可知，此段中的“nuts and bolts”和“machinery”应指同 一样东西。machinery 意为“机械装置，机器”，结合语境可以推测出此处“nuts and bolts”指生物部件，选项 D 符合题意。 4．B 推理判断题。文章末段提到改善记忆的一些脑力活动，但未提到 dietary supplements（食用补品）和 intellectual occupation（智力工作），故 A、C 两项 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 40 可以排除。D 项只是脑力活动的一种。B 项“使脑力机能保持活跃”最为概括、全 面。 Passage 20 1．B 细节理解题。见四项活动的安排时间可知，只有 B 项的活动时间是在下 午。 2．A 细节理解题。第三项活动中提到了“Hosted by Sam Tanenhaus”，由此可知 此人负责的是“The Art of the Review’。 3．B 细节理解题。四项活动的时间安排都各自持续 45 分钟。 4．D 推理判断题。根据第三项活动中的“How much of an effect does the book review have on book sales？”可推断，书评可能影响书的销售。 Passage 21 1．B 细节理解题。第三段第三句中列举了一些巫师摇滚乐队的名字：the Whomping Willows，the Remus Lupins and the Moaning Myrtles，可知选项 B 正确。 2．C 细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句中的 funny 和 serious 得出正确选项。 3．D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的第一句“People who like Harry Potter think wizard rock music is totally awesome”可推知“巫师音乐不仅深受孩子们喜爱，也更 受大人的喜爱。”故知选项 D 是错误的。 4．C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的描述，巫师摇滚只是《哈利•波特》其中一 个副产品，人们还以《哈利•波特》的名字做了很多事情。这些表达的含义是《哈 利•波特》依旧受到人们的喜爱。