【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit4

【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit4

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit4Astronomy: the science of the stars单元学案 单元基础知识过关训练 Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·武汉调研)In the chairman’s speech, he expressed his doubt about whether Japan would ______ the difficulties caused by the earthquake in a short period.‎ A．look through　　　　　 B．pull through C．go through D．sit through ‎2．(2014·湖北八校联考)The guests were scared to death when the fire in the hotel ________.Fortunately, it was put out before it caused more damage.‎ A．broke out B．came out C．gave out D．turned out ‎3．(2014·荆州调研)We agreed that both sides must work to strengthen greater trust and confidence, which, ________， will bring more cooperation.‎ A．in time B．in turn C．in return D．in total ‎4．America and China need to trust one another and ______ misunderstanding, which benefits world peace.‎ A．prevent B．permit C．puzzle D．multiply ‎5．(2014·黄石高三质检)The monthly sales of Mo Yan’s works ________ 199 times compared with those before he won the Nobel ‎ Prize for Literature.‎ A．accelerated B．stretched C．multiplied D．switched ‎6．(2014·十堰调研)The worker earned little money a month, so he had to ________ only fast noodles.‎ A．exist on B．exist in C．lie in D．lie on ‎7．Maria was able to ________ the family by teaching them to sing lively songs.‎ A．take up B．bring up C．cheer up D．build up ‎8．I admire Stephen Hawking greatly, whose ________about black holes has a great effect on astronomy.‎ A．theory B．practice C．approach D．method ‎9．To ________ skating, one needs to keep practising and receive professional guidance.‎ A．catch hold of B．have an eye for C．get the hang of D．stick to ‎10．(2014·襄阳调研)________ for the night and fly as fast as you can.Otherwise flying will only be a dream once again.‎ A．Find out B．Look out C．Point out D．Watch out Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．(2014·武汉调研)________________________ is always ‎ energetic and is more likely to succeed.(whoever)‎ 凡是自信的人总是精力充沛，并且更有可能获得成功。‎ ‎2．(2014·黄冈中学模拟)The days are becoming shorter and shorter _______________.(now)‎ 秋天来到了，白天渐渐短了。‎ ‎3．(2014·武昌区期末调研)Yesterday, in his speech, he ________________ that all he had done was not for the benefit of himself but for all the staff in his company.(make)‎ 他在昨天的讲话中表明，他所做的一切不是为了他自己，而是为了公司的全体员工。‎ ‎4．(2014·湖北省部分重点中学联考)________________________ that he would be reduced to such a sorry state.(occur)‎ 他从未想到过自己会沦落到如此境地。‎ ‎5．(2014·荆州调研)Mr.Hilton is very pleased with the newly built house, which is almost ________________ the one he used to live in.(size)‎ 希尔顿先生对这所新建的房子很满意，它几乎比他以前所住的那间大两倍。‎ ‎6．________________________________ does matter in case of emergency.(keep)‎ 在紧急情况下我们应该保持镇定，这很重要。‎ ‎7．It’s reported that the output of this year is ________________________ in 2013.(what)‎ 据报道，今年的产量是2013年的三倍。‎ ‎8．Before you decide to do it in this way, you must think ‎ twice because this method ________________________ helpful to you.(unlikely)‎ 在你决定采用这种方法做之前你必须要三思，因为这种方法不见得对你有帮助。‎ ‎9．Nowadays more and more children are being overweight, so ________________________ is of great importance.(keep)‎ 如今，越来越多的儿童过于肥胖，所以保持健康的饮食尤为重要。‎ ‎10．The mother makes it a rule for the little boy that when he is crossing the road, he ________________ the cars.(watch)‎ 妈妈给小男孩订了一条规矩，当他过马路的时候他要小心车辆。‎ 答 案 Ⅰ.1.选B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：在主持人的发言中，他表达了对日本能否在短期内度过地震引起的困难的怀疑。pull through“做成(十分困难的事)”。look through“浏览”；go through“经历”；sit through“坐到……结束”。‎ ‎2．选A　考查动词短语辨析。 句意：当旅馆发生火灾时，房客们吓得要死。幸运的是，在火灾造成更大伤害之前大火就被扑灭了。 break out“突然发生；爆发”；come out“出来；出现”；give out“耗尽；分发”；turn out“结果是；制造”。‎ ‎3．选B　考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们达成协议，双方必须努力增强更大的信任和信心，这反过来必将带来更多的合作。in time“及时；终于”；in turn“转而”；in return“作为回报”；in total“总计”。只有B项符合句意。‎ ‎4．选A　考查动词辨析。句意：美国和中国应该信任彼此防止误解，这有益于世界和平。prevent“防止”；permit“允许；准许”；puzzle“使迷惑；使为难”，multiply“增加”。根据句意选A。‎ ‎5．选C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：与获诺贝尔文学奖之前相比，莫言的作品每月的销售量增加了199倍。A项意为“加速；促进”；B项意为“伸开；伸展；张开”；C项意为“乘；增加”；D项意为“转换；切换”。根据空格后的“199 times”并结合选项的词义可知，multiplied符合语境。故答案选C。‎ ‎6．选A　考查动词短语意义。句意：这个工人一个月挣的钱很少，因此不得不靠方便面度日。exist on“靠……生存”；exist in“存在于……中”；lie in“在于……；位于……”；lie on“与……接壤”。‎ ‎7．选C　句意：玛丽亚有能力通过教他们唱轻快的歌曲使整个家庭振作起来。cheer up “使振奋；打起精神”。take up“占据；从事”；bring up“教育；养育；提出”；build up“树立；增进”。‎ ‎8．选A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常钦佩史蒂芬·霍金，他的黑洞理论对天文学产生了很大影响。theory“理论”；practice“练习”；approach“方法”；method“方法”。‎ ‎9．选C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：一个人想要掌握滑冰的要领，需要不断练习并接受专业的指导。get the hang of“掌握……的要领”，符合句意。catch hold of “抓住”； have an eye for “对……有鉴赏力”；stick to “坚持”。‎ ‎10．选D　句意：当心那晚上，尽你所能快地飞行，否则飞行只会是又一场梦。watch out for ...“小心……；提防……”，符合题意。find out“找出；查明”；look out“小心；注意”，后面不能直接跟宾语；point out“指出”。‎ Ⅱ.1.Whoever is confident ‎2．now that autumn is here ‎3．made it clear ‎4．It never occurred to him ‎5．twice the size of ‎6．That we should keep calm ‎7．three times what it was ‎8．is unlikely to be ‎9．keeping a healthy diet ‎10．should watch out for 单元知识 综合能力测试 Ⅰ.阅读理解 ‎(2018·郸城一高月考)‎ When the Apollo astronauts (宇航员) landed on the Moon in 1969, millions of people were rather sad. The person to blame for this was an artist named Chesley Bonestell. For many years, Bonestell had been creating beautifully detailed paintings of the Moon and planets. Viewers of his artwork were unhappy because the real Moon did not look like Bonestell's pictures of it.‎ As a space artist, Bonestell tried to make his drawings look exciting and as true as the Moon is. He worked closely with astronomers and scientists to get the most uptodate scientific information available. But in the 1940s and 1950s, no one had ever seen another planet up close. Yet Bonestell's paintings ‎ looked so real that some people thought they were photographs.‎ Even though Bonestell was interested in astronomy, he did not start out as a space artist. As a young man he studied architecture — the art and science of designing and making buildings. In 1938 Bonestell became a special effects artist in Hollywood. It was here that he learned he could improve his paintings by following the methods used in the movies.‎ In 1944, a popular magazine published a series of Bonestell's paintings of the planet Saturn. He drew Saturn as if it were seen by someone standing on each of the planet's moons. The results were dazzling. Within a few years, Bonestell's artwork was appearing regularly in magazines and books on astronomy and space flight.‎ Many of Bonestell's artworks had been right all along. But the biggest surprise was the Moon. Someone asked Bonestell what he was thinking when he saw the first pictures from the Moon. “I thought how wrong I was！” he said. “My mountains were sharp (陡峭的), and they aren't on the Moon.”‎ But he shouldn't have felt bad. No space artist had ever before taken so many people to so many faraway worlds. In the years just before the first manned space flights, Bonestell's artwork prepared people for the amazing space adventure to come.‎ ‎1．Bonestell made his space drawings ________.‎ A．from a very early age B．by copying photographs C．with the help of scientists ‎ D．in order to make a living ‎2．The underlined word “dazzling” in Paragraph 4 can best be replaced by “________”．‎ A．doubtful 　　　　　　　B．wonderful C．terrible D．worrying ‎3．Bonestell's success lay in the fact that ________.‎ A．he created a new drawing skill ‎ B．he helped finish the first space flight C．he made space travel more popular D．he helped bring space closer to people ‎4. What would be the best title for the text?‎ A．The space art of Chesley Bonestell B．The first men on the Moon ‎ C．The journeys of the Apollo astronauts D．Spacewalking: through an astronaut's eyes 答案与解析 本文介绍了一个太空艺术家Chesley Bonestell的作品。‎ ‎1．C　细节理解题。根据第二段As a space artist, Bonestell tried to make his drawings look exciting and as true as the Moon is. He worked closely with astronomers and scientists to get the most uptodate scientific information available.可知Bonestell在科学家和宇航员的帮助下作画，故C正确。‎ ‎2．B　词义猜测题。根据画线单词下一句Within a few years,‎ ‎ Bonestell's artwork was appearing regularly in magazines and books on astronomy and space flight.在几年之内，Bonestell的作品定期地出现在关于天文学和航空飞行的书和杂志上。可知结果是非常好的，故这里dazzling可被wonderful取代，答案为B。‎ ‎3．D　推理判断题。根据文章第最后一段内容In the years just before the first manned space flights, Bonestell's artwork prepared people for the amazing space adventure to come.可看出Bonestell的成功在于他使人们为未来的太空之旅做准备，即让人们离太空更近。答案为D。‎ ‎4．A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了Chesley Bonestell关于太空的作品。故选A。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)‎ Everyone knows that fish is good for health. __1__ But it seems that many people don't cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isn't difficult. __2__ This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.‎ ‎__3__ Fresh fish should smell sweet: You should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn't fresh. __4__ When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn't as tasty ‎ as the fresh one.‎ There are many common methods used to cook fish. __5__ First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices (调料). Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (A larger one will take more time.) Then, it's ready to serve.‎ A．Do not buy it.‎ B．The easiest is to steam it.‎ C．This is how you can do it.‎ D．It just requires a little knowledge.‎ E．The fish will go bad within hours.‎ F．When buying fish, you should first smell it.‎ G．The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.‎ 答案与解析 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了购买、储存以及烹饪鱼的简单方法。‎ ‎1．G　上文提到人们都知道鱼对健康有益。根据G项中的“help prevent heart disease”可知，G项承接上文话题，进一步解释了吃鱼的好处，符合语境。故选G。‎ ‎2．D　上文提到购买、储存以及烹饪鱼并不难。D项承接上文话题，强调“这仅需一点知识”，从而引出下文对这些知识的介绍，符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎3．F　下文提到新鲜的鱼闻起来有点甜，不新鲜的鱼闻起来有腥味。F项“买鱼时，要先闻一闻”与下文话题衔接紧密，且F项中的 ‎“smell”与下文中的“smell”呼应，符合语境。故选F。‎ ‎4．A　上文提到通过闻气味，可以判断带有强烈腥味的鱼是不新鲜的；由此可知，A项“不要买这种鱼”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎5．B　根据下文介绍鱼的具体做法可知，此处指蒸鱼，与B项中的“steam it”吻合，符合语境。故选B。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2017·江西省红色七校联考)‎ Many firms are refusing to hire talent from poor backgrounds __1__ they do not follow tradition, a report says.‎ Managers can often place as much __2__ (important) on speech, accent, dress and behavior __3__ on skills and qualifications. Firms are also recruiting from a small pool of elite universities and hire those __4__“fit in” while __5__ (ignore) talented but less advantaged candidates, according to Social Mobility Commission research.‎ It is __6__ (shock) that some investment banks even judge candidates on __7__ they wear brown shoes. For men, wearing brown shoes with a business suit is __8__(general) considered unacceptable within investment banking and corporate finance.‎ Issues relating to dress may seem relatively simple for individuals __9__ (adopt). But interviewees suggested they do play a material role __10__ the selection process as demonstration of “fit”．‎ 答案与解析 本文主要介绍了很多公司愿意招聘有贫困背景的人才及其原因。‎ ‎1．because　考查连词。前后句意是因果关系，此处表示原因，故填because。‎ ‎2．importance　考查名词。由句子结构可知此处用名词作宾语，important的名词形式是importance，是不可数名词，故填importance。‎ ‎3．as　考查固定结构。as...as...是固定结构，表示“和……一样……”，故填as。‎ ‎4．who或that　考查定语从句。此处为定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故填who或that。‎ ‎5．ignoring　考查while doing的省略。当从句主语和主句主语一致时，省略从句的主语和be动词，故填ignoring。‎ ‎6．shocking　考查形容词。由句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词作表语，ed形容词修饰人，表示“人感到……的”，ing形容词修饰物，表示“令人……的”，故填shocking。‎ ‎7．whether　考查连词。此处表示“是否”，故填whether。‎ ‎8．generally　考查副词。修饰动词considered用副词，故填generally。‎ ‎9．to adopt　考查动词不定式。be＋adj. for sb. to do表示“做某事对某人来说……”，故填to adopt。‎ ‎10．in　考查介词。in the process是固定搭配，表示“在过程中、在进行中”，故填in。‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2017·黑龙江省双鸭山市第一中学测试)‎ In my view, the Internet is helpful. It is known to all, the ‎ Internet is playing important part in our daily life. On the Internet, we can read news home and abroad and got as much informations as we can. We can also attend to the net school and read many books. We can even do shopping online. Besides, your ability to operate the computer can be improved great. So we should not be addicted to the Internet, or we'll get our life and study destroying. In addition, we should keep off the harm websites. Anyhow, this doesn't prevent the Internet from becoming our friend.‎ 答案 In my view, the Internet is helpful. is known to all, the Internet is playing important part in our daily life. On the Internet, we can read news home and abroad and as much as we can. We can also attend the net school and read many books. We can even do shopping online. Besides, ability to operate the computer can be improved . we should not be addicted to the Internet, or we'll get our life and study . In addition, we should keep off the websites. Anyhow, this doesn't prevent the Internet from becoming our friend.‎ Ⅴ.书面表达 ‎(2017·吉林省松原市油田高中测试)‎ 假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris刚刚转学，感到一切都很陌生。他在邮件中向你询问如何尽快融入新环境，请你根据以下信息回信。‎ ‎1.多跟同学交流沟通；‎ ‎2.积极参加学校活动；‎ ‎3.向老师寻求帮助。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头及结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Chris, ‎ I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble fitting in at your new school.______________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 答案 Dear_Chris，‎ I_am_sorry_to_hear_that_you_are_having_trouble_fitting_‎ in_at_your_new_school. Such problems are quite normal. Perhaps the following suggestions may be helpful.‎ First, I think you may need to communicate with your classmates as much as possible. In this way, you will get to know each other better. Second, it might be a good idea for you to take part in more activities, which usually involve teamwork and interactions with other students and are therefore good for developing friendly relationships. Last but not least, faced with some tough problems, you might consider asking our teachers, who can usually offer you some sensible suggestions.‎ I sincerely hope my advice will be of some help to you. If there is anything more I can do to help, please let me know.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua