【英语】2018届人教版必修4Unit1Womenofachievements单元学案设计(27页)

【英语】2018届人教版必修4Unit1Womenofachievements单元学案设计(27页)

Unit1Women of achievements单元学案设计 Period 1　文本研读课 学习目标 ‎1.Comprehend the story of Jane Goodall’s protecting the African wildlife.‎ ‎2.Learn from Jane Goodall’s story and come to the idea that great personality is of importance to one’s success.‎ ‎3.Learn and master some important words,phrases and sentence patterns in this period.‎ 课堂探究 ‎➡Step 1　Warming up and lead-in Have a competition.Find out the quality that a great woman needs in groups.‎ Do you know these women? Who are they?‎ Are they great or are they important? Why?‎ ‎➡Step 2　Reading for information Task 1　General idea (3 mins)‎ a.Read the title and enjoy the two pictures of Ms Goodall on Page 2 to predict the general meaning of the text.‎ ‎ ‎ b.Then skim Para. 1-Para. 3 as fast as possible and summarize the general idea.‎ Task 2　Main idea of each paragraph(6 mins)‎ Para. 1  ‎ Para. 2  ‎ Para. 3  ‎ Para. 4  ‎ ‎➡Step 3　Consolidation ‎ 活动1:Summary Retelling & Summary (blank-filling exercises)‎ Jane Goodall is a great woman who works to protect chimps.When she was a little girl,Jane always wanted to study animals in 　1　 own environment.It was not easy for a woman to study chimps in the forest,　2　 Jane Goodall never gave up her dream.She 　3　(allow) to begin her work in Gombe 　4　 the help of her mother.She spent years in the forest 　5　(observe) chimps’ daily activities.She discovered that chimps can hunt and eat meat and discovered 　6　 chimps communicate with each other.Jane has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used 　7　 entertainment or advertisements.She has set up some special places 　8　 they can live safely.Because 　9　 Jane’s hard work,people began to change their opinions about chimps.She has achieved everything she wanted to do.Her 　10　(achieve) inspire people,especially women all over the world. ‎ 活动2:Discussion(8 mins)‎ ‎(1)Discuss in pairs:what characters do you think a great woman usually has?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)Introduce to each other the information of a great woman you collected before class.‎ Sentences for reference:‎ Ask:Who is the greatest woman in your heart?‎ What do you think about her?/What about her characters?‎ Why do you like/love/admire her?‎ Answer:Her...has an important effect on me.‎ Her...as well as...leave me a good impression.‎ ‎ I am inspired by her.../I can learn from her...‎ ‎➡Step 4　Homework Write:your suggestions on how to protect wildlife.‎ Surf the Internet and find out more information about Jane Goodall.‎ 参考答案 Step 2‎ Task 1‎ The passage is mainly about how Jane Goodall worked with chimps in their environment and helped people understand and respect the life of these animals.‎ Task 2‎ Para. 1　How the group followed Jane’s way of studying chimps in the wild.‎ Para. 2　What Jane discovered about chimps.‎ Para. 3　How Jane tried to protect the lives of chimps in their natural habitat.‎ Para. 4　Jane Goodall’s achievements.‎ Step 3:‎ 活动1:1.their　2.but　3.was allowed　4.with　5.observing　6.how　7.for　8.where　9.of　10.achievements 活动2:considerate　active　intelligent　helpful　broad-and-open minded　responsible　brave　hard-working　easy-going ‎ Step 4:‎ With the development of the human society,there exists a problem that more and more animals have disappeared during the long history of the earth and many more are in danger of extinction for many reasons.‎ It is known to us all that animals are our friends.I’m greatly convinced that to protect them is to protect ourselves.On no account can we hunt wildlife.In addition,it’s our duty to protect the environment and not buy some kinds of wildlife.Furthermore,the government should build reserves to let animals live in peace.‎ ‎ It is obvious that human race can’t live without wildlife.So,I believe that wildlife should live better than now in the future.‎ Period 2　知识讲练课 学习目标 ‎1.Grasp the usage of such words and expressions as worthwhile,argue,look down upon,carry on,etc.‎ ‎2.Master the following patterns:‎ ‎(1)Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.‎ ‎(2)It was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.‎ 学习过程 ‎➡Step 1　Revision:课文再现 Ⅰ.A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE Jane Goodall (1)　　　　　　(study) the chimps for many years and helped people understand (2)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(它们的行为多么像人类).Nobody before has fully understood their (3)　　　(behave). ‎ Though she didn’t study at a university,she (4)　　　　　　　　　(决心) work with animals.When she arrived in Gombe in 1960,it was unusual for a woman (5)　　　　　　　　　(生活在) the forest.Only after her mother came to help her (6)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(头几个月),(7)　　　　　　　　　　　　(她才被允许开始) her project.She spent many years (8)　　　　　　　　　(观察和记录) their daily activities,and (9)　　　　　　　　　　　　(观察它们醒来)was her first activity of every day.One important thing she discovered was 10)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(它们猎食肉).She also discovered how chimps (11)　　　　　　　　　　　　(彼此交流),and her study of their body language helped her (12)　　　　　　(制定出) their social system. ‎ For forty years Jane Goodall (13)　　　　　　　　　(help) the rest of the world (14)　　　　　　　　　(理解并尊重) the life of these animals.She has (15)　　　　　　(为……辩护) them to be left in the wild and not used for (16)　　　(entertain) or (17)　　　(advertise).She has (18)　　　　　　(建立) special places where they can live safely.Her life is very busy but she thinks it (19)　　　(值得的). ‎ She has (20)　　　(实现) everything she wanted to do,and now she (21)　　　(鼓励) those who want to cheer the achievements of women. ‎ ‎➡Step 2　Words and expressions to learn ‎1.However,the evening makes it all worthwhile.‎ 不过到傍晚时分我们觉得这一切都是值得的。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)The experiment is worthwhile.‎ 这个实验是值得做的。‎ ‎(2)The President’s trip to Washington this week seems to have been worthwhile.‎ 总统本周的华盛顿之行看来是有价值的。‎ sth/doing sth is worthwhile 　　　　　　　 ‎ It is worthwhile to do sth/doing sth 　　　　　　　 ‎ 注意:worth adj.&n.　be worth (doing) sth 常用主动形式表达被动意义 ‎【尝试运用】‎ 完成句子 这本书很值得一读。‎ The book is well 　　　 reading. ‎ ‎=It is 　　　 to read the book. ‎ ‎2.She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.‎ 她主张应该让野生动物留在野外生活,而不能用于娱乐或广告。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)They are arguing with their classmates about the solution to the problem.‎ 他们正在跟同学辩论问题的解决办法。‎ ‎(2)They are arguing with each other over/about the justice of the war.‎ 他们正在争论战争的正义性。‎ ‎(3)We argued that we should be paid more.‎ 我们认为应该提高工资。‎ ‎(4)The workers argued for the right to strike.‎ 工人为争取罢工权利而辩论。‎ ‎(5)They argued him into withdrawing his complaint.‎ 他们说服他撤诉了。‎ argue (vi.)+with sb about/over sth 　　　　　　　 ‎ argue (vt.)+n./clause(从句)/sb to be...　　　　　　　 ‎ argue for/against 　　　　　　　 ‎ argue sb into doing sth　　　　　　　 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)完成句子 We 　　　　　　　　　　　　(说服她加入) us. ‎ ‎(2)用适当的介词填空 We argued 　　　 the waiter 　　　 the price of the meal. ‎ ‎3.She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.‎ 她激励着人们为妇女的成就而欢呼喝彩。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)Our challenge is to inspire them to join our cause.‎ 我们面临的挑战是鼓励他们加入我们的事业。‎ ‎(2)And what inspired you to change your name?‎ 是什么促使你改名的?‎ ‎(3)The book was inspired by a real person,namely Tamara de Treaux.‎ 那本书的灵感源于一个真实人物,即塔玛拉·德特罗。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)完成句子 She was an 　　　(鼓舞的人) to all of us. ‎ ‎(2)选词填空(inspiring与inspired)‎ Her 　　　 speech yesterday made us 　　　.We are determined to learn from her and try to do our job better. ‎ ‎(3)He was an 　　　 poet at that time and his 　　　 poems spread through all the country. ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A.inspired;inspired B.inspiring;inspired C.inspired;inspiring D.inspiring;inspiring ‎4.Many people look down upon poor people.‎ 许多人瞧不起穷人。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)Everyone doesn’t look down upon/on you just because you’ve not got a job.‎ 并不是每个人都仅仅因为你没工作而瞧不起你。‎ ‎(2)A working party has been set up to look into the problem.‎ 已成立一个工作小组来调查这个问题。‎ ‎(3)Passers-by simply looked on as he was attacked.‎ 当他遭到袭击时,过路人只是旁观。‎ look into 　　　　　　　　　look on 　　　　　　 ‎ look on/upon...as... 　　　　　　 look out (for...)　　　　　　 ‎ look over 　　　　　　 look through 　　　　　　 ‎ look up to 　　　　　　 look up　　　　　　 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)用look短语的适当形式填空 They have 　　　 the cause of the accident,but the result is still not known to us. ‎ ‎(2)Terry,please 　　　 your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you. ‎ A.look up from ‎ B.look into C.look back on ‎ D.look through ‎5.Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work?‎ 为什么不像林巧稚那样去读医学院,继续她的事业呢?‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)Carry on working while I’m away.‎ 我不在的时候你要继续工作。‎ ‎(2)We must carry on hoping for the best.‎ 我们必须抱最好的希望。‎ ‎(3)He carried out the plan in every detail.‎ 他一丝不苟地执行这项计划。‎ ‎(4)His determination carried him through.‎ 他靠坚定的信心渡过了难关。‎ carry on(with)sth./doing sth. 　　　　　　(相当于go on with) ‎ carry out　　　　　　　carry through　　　　　　 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ 完成句子 ‎(1)Do you mind if I　　　　　　 with my work while you are sleeping? ‎ ‎(2)We will continue to firmly 　　　　　　 all decisions and do all that we can to safeguard the purity of sport. ‎ ‎(3)It’s a difficult job but she’s the person to 　　　 it 　　　. ‎ ‎➡Step 3　Sentence structures to learn ‎ ‎1.Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.‎ 她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙,这才使她得以开始自己的计划。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎(1)Only in the zoo can we see the chimps now.‎ ‎(2)Only by then did I realize that I had made a big mistake.‎ ‎(3)Only they can finish the task.‎ only位于句首修饰状语时,主句用　　　　　　结构。但only修饰　　　时不倒装。Only Tom can finish the task on time. ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)Only when I left my parents for Italy 　　　how much I loved them. ‎ A.I realized ‎ B.I had realized C.had I realized ‎ D.did I realize ‎(2)Only when your identity has been checked 　　　. ‎ A.you are allowed in ‎ B.you will be allowed in C.will you allow in ‎ D.will you be allowed in　‎ ‎(3)　　　a mobile phone can you ring 　　　 you want to talk with anywhere. ‎ A.Using;whoever ‎ B.Only on;whomever C.Only by;whatever ‎ D.With;anyone ‎(4)Only by following this method 　　　. ‎ A.we can study English well ‎ B.can we be able to study English well C.can we study English well ‎ D.study English well can we ‎2.For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.‎ ‎40年来,简·古道尔一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重这些动物的生活。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ He has been lying in bed for two weeks.‎ 他已经卧床两周了。(现在还躺着)‎ He is tired.He has been studying all day.‎ 他很累。他已经学习了一天了。‎ All these days Tom has been phoning Alice every night.‎ 这些天以来,汤姆每天晚间都给艾丽斯打电话。‎ 现在完成进行时　　　　　　　　　　　　 ‎ 表示过去某一时刻开始的动作或状态一直持续到　　　,甚至到将来,强调进行的过程或表示到现在为止的一段时间内一再反复进行的动作或存在的状态。 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)Now that she is out of a job,Lucy 　　　 going back to school,but she hasn’t decided yet. ‎ A.had considered B.has been considering C.considered D.is going to consider ‎(2)He went to Beijing in 1990 and 　　　 there ever since. ‎ A.is working B.has been working ‎ C.works D.worked ‎3.It was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.‎ 苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ I’m going to meet my friend at the airport tomorrow.→‎ It is I who/that am going to meet my friend at the airport tomorrow.(强调主语)‎ It is my friend who/that I’m going to meet at the airport tomorrow.(强调宾语)‎ It is at the airport that I’m going to meet my friend tomorrow.(强调地点状语)‎ It is tomorrow that I’m going to meet my friend at the airport.(强调时间状语)‎ 强调句型:It is/was+　　　(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)+其他部分。一般疑问句的强调句型:同上,只是把is/was提到it前面。 ‎ 特殊疑问句的强调句型:被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+is/was+it+that/who+其他部分?构成强调句的it　　　;强调句中的连接词一般用　　　或who,即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此,that或who不可省略;强调句中的时态只有两种,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时,用It was...,其余的时态用It is...。 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature 　　　 he chose the course. ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A.that B.what ‎ C.why D.how ‎(2)It is not who is right but what is right 　　　 is of importance. ‎ A.which B.it ‎ C.that D.this ‎ ‎(3)I don’t mind her criticizing me,but 　　　 is how she does it that I object to. ‎ A.it B.that ‎ C.this D.which 参考答案 Step 1‎ ‎(1)has studied　(2)how much they behave like humans　(3)behaviour　(4)was determined ‎ to　(5)to live in　(6)for the first few months　(7)was she allowed to begin　(8)observing and recording　(9)watching them wake up　(10)that they hunt and eat meat　(11)communicate with each other　(12)work out　(13)has been helping　(14)understand and respect　(15)argued for　(16)entertainment ‎(17)advertisements　(18)set up　(19)worthwhile　(20)achieved　(21)inspires Step 2‎ ‎1.【归纳拓展】某事/做某事是值得的;做某事是值得的 ‎【尝试运用】worth;worthwhile ‎2.【归纳总结】同某人辩论某事;认为……/某人是……;为支持/反对……而辩论;说服某人做某事 ‎【尝试运用】(1)argued her into joining　(2)with;about/over ‎3.【尝试运用】(1)inspiration　(2)inspiring;inspired　(3)D ‎4.【归纳总结】调查,往……里面看;旁观,观望;把……看作……;当心,注意;快速检查,检阅;浏览,仔细检查;仰慕,尊敬;查阅,好转,向上看 ‎【尝试运用】(1)looked into　(2)A ‎5.【归纳总结】继续做某事;执行,贯彻,实施;帮助某人渡过难关 ‎【尝试运用】(1)carry on　(2)carry out　(3)carry;through Step 3‎ ‎1.【归纳总结】部分倒装;主语 ‎【尝试运用】(1)D　(2)D　(3)B　(4)C ‎2.【归纳总结】have/has been doing;现在 ‎【尝试运用】(1)B　(2)B ‎3.【归纳总结】被强调部分;本身没有词义;that;一般现在时和一般过去时 ‎【尝试运用】(1)A　(2)C　(3)A Period 3　语法专题课 学习目标 ‎1.Remember the three principles.‎ ‎2.Use collective nouns correctly by understanding their meanings in certain situations.‎ 感受新知 一、语法一致原则 ‎1.当主语由and连接时,如果表示同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数形式,此时and后面的名词前无冠词;如果表示不同的人或物时,谓语动词用复数形式,此时and后面的名词前有冠词。‎ ‎(1)The worker and writer 　　　(be) from Wuhan. ‎ ‎(2)The worker and the writer 　　　(be) from Beijing. ‎ ‎(3)A knife and fork　　　 used to have meals. ‎ ‎(4)The singer and dancer 　　　 on the stage. ‎ ‎(5)The League secretary and monitor 　　　 asked to make a speech at the meeting yesterday. ‎ A.is B.was C.are D.were ‎2.动词不定式(短语),动词-ing(短语),或从句作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。‎ ‎(1)Going out for a walk after supper 　　　(be) a good habit. ‎ ‎(2)Whether we’ll go 　　　(depend) on the weather. ‎ ‎3.不定代词somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,no one,nothing等作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎(1)Something 　　　(has,have) gone wrong with my watch. ‎ ‎(2)Anybody who 　　　(break,breaks) the rule will be punished.　 ‎ ‎4.倒装句中的语法一致。‎ ‎(1)Two pictures 　　　 on the wall,which attract many people. ‎ ‎(2)On the wall 　　　 two pictures,which attract many people. ‎ ‎(3)Their teacher 　　　 among the students,who is in her thirties. ‎ ‎(4)Among the students 　　　 their teacher,who is in her thirties. ‎ ‎5.由分数或百分数+名词作主语时,谓语动词的形式与of 后面的名词的数一致,即分数或百分数+of+不可数名词或单数名词,谓语动词用单数形式,分数或百分数+of+复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。‎ ‎(1)Ten percent of the pupils 　　　 absent today. ‎ ‎(2)Three-fourths of the surface of the earth 　　　 sea. ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)Reading English newspapers and magazines 　　　helpful to our study of English. ‎ ‎(2)Whether he comes or not 　　　 of no matter. ‎ ‎(3)To say 　　　 one thing;to do 　　　another. ‎ ‎(4)Listening,speaking,reading and writing 　　　four skills for English study. ‎ ‎(5)Where to find the plant and what to do with it 　　　still the problems to settle. ‎ 二、意义一致原则 ‎1.由集体名词,如group,family,class,government,team,public,enemy,crowd,audience,club,party,crew等作主语时,如果看成一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式,如果看成其中各成员,谓语动词则用复数形式。‎ ‎(1)His family 　　　 very large. ‎ ‎(2)His family 　　　 music lovers. ‎ ‎(3)The group 　　　 made up of nine students. ‎ ‎(4)The group　　　 dancing happily. ‎ ‎(5)The team 　　　 some good players. ‎ ‎(6)The team 　　　 handsome. ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎(1)The research group 　　　(is,are) made up of five people. ‎ ‎(2)What 　　　(do,does) the group want for their lunch?  ‎ ‎(3)Our family 　　　(is,are) not poor any more. ‎ ‎(4)The class 　　　(is,are) more than forty in number. ‎ ‎(5)The class 　　　(have,has) disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic. ‎ ‎(6)The government 　　　(has,have) spent more than two million yuan in planting trees. ‎ ‎(7)The city government 　　　(has,have) different opinions about next year’s plan. ‎ ‎(8)The police　　　(is,are) searching for the thief. ‎ ‎2.代词作主语。‎ ‎(1)Neither dog 　　　(is,are) big.　 ‎ ‎(2)Neither of them 　　　(is,are) big.　 ‎ ‎(3)Neither rabbit 　　　(is,are) handsome.　 ‎ ‎(4)Neither of the rabbits 　　　(is,are) handsome.　 ‎ ‎3.表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语,表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词则用单数形式。‎ ‎(1)Two years 　　　 passed since I left Ningbo. ‎ ‎(2)One million dollars 　　　 a great sum of money. ‎ ‎4.以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义,谓语通常用单数形式,如news,maths,physics,the United States等作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎(1)Every means 　　　 been tried since then. ‎ A.has ‎ B.have C.are ‎ D.is　‎ ‎(2)No news 　　　(is,are)good news.　 ‎ ‎(3)Maths 　　　(is,are)the subject that I like most. ‎ ‎5.the+adj.作主语。‎ the+adj.,表示一类人,谓语动词用复数形式,如the old,the young,the rich,the poor。‎ the+adj.,表示某个人或一类抽象的事物,谓语动词用单数形式,如the beautiful,the good。‎ ‎(1)The old 　　　 taken good care of in our society. ‎ ‎(2)The rich 　　　 for the decision but the poor are against it. ‎ ‎(3)The wounded 　　　 a young boy. ‎ ‎(4)The beautiful 　　　not always the same as the good. ‎ 三、就近一致原则 ‎(1)Not only he but also I 　　　(be)invited. ‎ ‎(2)Neither my gloves nor my hat 　　　(go) with the dress. ‎ 由or,either...or,neither...nor,not only...but also 等连接的并列主语,谓语动词常和靠近它的主语在单复数上保持一致。‎ 注意:主语+with/along with/together with/including/but/except/like/among/as well as/no more than/besides/rather than+名词,谓语和主语在单复数上保持一致。‎ ‎(3)The teacher with a number of students 　　　(be) in the classroom. ‎ 巩固运用 Ⅰ.用括号内动词的适当形式填空 ‎1.He and I 　　　(be) both students of this school. ‎ ‎2.Both parties 　　　(have) their own advantages. ‎ ‎3.Her job　　　(have) something to do with computers. ‎ ‎4.They 　　　(have) not come yet. ‎ ‎5.There 　　　(be) a desk in the room. ‎ ‎6.There 　　　(be) no chairs in it. ‎ Ⅱ.单句改错:‎ ‎1.Physics are a very interesting subject.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.The pair of shoes are worn out.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.Half of the students has finished their composition.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.The number of students in your class are 50.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5.The cattle is eating grass on the hill.‎ ‎ ‎ 参考答案 感受新知 一、语法一致原则 ‎1.(1)is　(2)are　(3)is　(4)is　(5)B ‎2.(1)is　(2)depends ‎3.(1)has　(2)breaks ‎4.(1)are　(2)are　(3)stands　(4)stands ‎5.(1)are　(2)is 尝试运用 ‎(1)is　(2)is　(3)is;is　(4)are　(5)are 二、意义一致原则 ‎1.(1)is　(2)are　(3)is　(4)are　(5)has　(6)are 尝试运用 ‎(1)is　(2)do　(3)is　(4)is　(5)have　(6)has　(7)have　(8)are ‎2.(1)is　(2)is/are　(3)is　(4)is/are ‎3.(1)has　(2)is ‎ ‎4.(1)A　(2)is　(3)is ‎5.(1)are　(2)are　(3)was　(4)is 三、就近一致原则 ‎(1)am　(2)goes　(3)is 巩固运用 Ⅰ.1.are　2.have　3.has　4.have　5.is　6.are Ⅱ.1.are→is　2.are→is　3.has→have　4.are→is　5.is→are Period4 单元写作专授课 英语话题作文整体教学模式 话题1 场所、城市、国家及方位介绍 ‎(History , Geography, Personal Environments and Location)‎ I写法指导 就中学生而言，场所、城市、国家及周围环境主要包括：‎ 国家或城市：中国、英国、台湾、城镇和家乡等；‎ 学习场所：学校、城乡公共图书馆、书店和博物馆等；‎ 城乡环境：城市街道、交通、文化景点、名胜古迹、乡村道路、农村文化、医疗卫生场所和绿色食物生产基地等；‎ 居住环境：包括所居住的社区及各类房子(楼房、平房、洋房、别墅、公寓、宿舍、酒店等)及其方位、大小、用途、室内设施、价格、建筑年份、建筑风格及其配套设施等；‎ Ø 命题方向 1. 周围的环境介绍，所居住的社区介绍 2. 所居住的城市、家乡介绍 3. 某旅游景点介绍 4. 家乡环境的今昔对比 II Useful expressions ‎1.场所及房屋类型（Places and Types of Buildings）‎ school学校 library图书馆 dining hall食堂/餐厅 ‎ gym=gymnasium健身房，体育馆 teachers’ office 教师办公室 dormitory/dorms 宿舍 ‎ science lab科学实验室 playground操场 school gate 学校大门 classroom building=teaching building教学楼 multipurpose building 多功能楼房sports and art center体育与艺术中心 swimming pool 游泳池 music room音乐室 dancing room舞蹈室 basketball court篮球场 reading room 阅览室 ‎ lecture hall报告厅 teaching building with 26 classrooms 有26间教室的教学楼 study n.书房 architecture, architect建筑 flat平房 suburb郊区 apartment公寓 cottage小屋 high-rise buildings 高楼大厦 a five- storey building 五层楼的建筑 a five-storey apartment block 一幢五层的公寓楼 We have classes in the classroom and read in the library.‎ We have meals at the dining hall and do exercises in the gym.‎ ‎2.地理位置(location)‎ ‎(1)sth. be located /situated in/on/to/at +地点名词； ‎ sth. lies/stands in/on/to/at… (位于……，坐落于……)‎ e.g.(1) Chengdu is located/situated in the middle of Sichuan province.‎ ‎ (2)Qingbaijiang lies in the northeast of Chengdu.‎ ‎(3)Our school is situated in the center/heart/middle of the city. ‎ ‎(4)The hospital, situated in the eastern/southern/northern/western part of the city, can be reached by many bus lines.‎ ‎(5) Chongqing lies on the east of Sichuan province.‎ ‎(6)Paris is the capital and largest city of France, situated on the River Seine.‎ ‎(7)London is the most beautiful city in Britain, situated on the River Thames.‎ ‎(8) The three-storey office building is situated on the estern bank of the river.‎ ‎(9)Chongqing is located on the Yangtze River.‎ ‎(10) Barcelona is a city on the coast of Spain.‎ ‎(11) Japan lies to the east of China.‎ ‎(12) Our school lies at the foot of a mountain.‎ ‎(13)The United Kingdom lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the northwest of mainland Europe 英国位于远离欧洲大陆西北部的北大西洋。Off远离 ‎(2)in 表示“在……之内”Shanghai lies in the east of China.=Shanghai is in the east of China.‎ in the northeast of在……的北部(内部); Beijing lies in the northeast of China.‎ to表示“在……以东、西、南、北” (相离, 不接壤)‎ to the east of在……的东面(相离, 不接壤) ; to the south of Tiananmen Square 天安门广场南面, (不接壤) ‎ Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东部。‎ on the east of在……的东方(两处地方接壤) Chongqing is on the east of Sichuan.‎ on the coast:在海岸线上； off the coast:在海岸边；远离海岸 e.g. Fujian Province is in the south of China, with Fuzhou as its capital. Xiamen is a beautiful city on the coast. Hundreds of islands lie off the coast, with Taiwan Island to the east of Fujian Province.‎ ‎(3)School library is on the left/ right of playground. 学校图书馆在操场的左/右边。 （接壤的相连的）‎ School library is to the left/right of teaching buildings 在教学楼的左/右边。（不接壤的，是相望的）‎ on the right of 是指与这个地方接壤的、相连的右边的那个地方 to the right of 指与这个地方不接壤的、相望的右边的那个地方 ‎(4)at the back of在……的后面; in front of在……的前面 between在……之间 next to在隔壁 ‎ be opposite to 在….对面 School library is in front of/behind/next to/near teaching building. 学校图书馆在教学楼前面/后面/旁边。‎ There are two teaching buildings in the middle of our school. 学校的中央有两栋教学楼。‎ There are some teachers’ offices between the two teaching buildings.老师的办公室位于两栋教学楼之间。‎ A dining hall is next to the lecture hall and some basketball courts are in front of the dining hall.‎ 食堂在报告厅隔壁，篮球场在食堂前面。‎ Next to the library, on the right is the dining hall.食堂在右边，就在图书馆旁边。‎ The bank is just opposite to the church.这家银行就在教堂对面。‎ ‎3.人口(Population)‎ ‎(1) Sichuan has a population of 14 million people. 四川拥有1400万人口。 ‎ ‎(2) The United Kingdom, whose capital is London, lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the northwest of mainland Europe, with a total population of 161,110,000. ‎ 英国的首都是伦敦，位于欧洲大陆西北部的北大西洋，总人口161110000。‎ ‎(3)The population here has reached 20 million. 这里的人口增长到了200万。‎ ‎4.历史(History)‎ ‎(1) It has a history of 300 years. ‎ 它有300年的历史了。 ‎ ‎(2) With a history of 1000 years，this historical attraction has attracted thousands of visitors.‎ 该历史景区有1000年的历史了, 吸引了成千上万的游客。‎ ‎5.占地面积(Area)‎ ‎(1) It covers an area of 20,000 square meters(平方米）. ‎ ‎(2) 12390平方公里 (12390 square kilometers)‎ ‎(3) With a total area of 80,000 square meters, this town has 20000 people.‎ 该镇占地80000平方米，拥有20000居民。‎ ‎(4) Covering an area of 36 thousand square kilometers, Taiwan has a population of 22 million.‎ 台湾占地36000平方公里，拥有220万人口。‎ ‎6. 长度、宽度和深度(Length, width and depth)‎ (1) It is 800 meters long / wide / deep. =It is 800 meters in length / width / depth. ‎ 它有800米长/宽/深。‎ ‎(2)Along this 800-meter street, there are more than 300 shops.‎ ‎ 沿着八百米的街道，这里有超过300家的商店。‎ ‎(3) The movies theater is only 800 meters away from my home.‎ ‎ 电影院离我家只有800米远。‎ ‎7.著名景点、名胜古迹、设施和自然风光(Famous attractions, places of interest, facilities and scenery)‎ a historical attraction历史景区(景点) place of interest名胜古迹 scenic spots风景名胜区 sights of interest风景名胜 landmarks(地标建筑)‎ 复数：many historical attractions many tourist attractions many places of interest ‎ equipment n.设施，装备(不可数名词) facility n.设施（可数名词）‎ surroundings 周围环境 scenery 风景 sth. attracts sb. =sth. appeals to sb.=sth. interests sb. 某物吸引某人 sth. be so attractive / wonderful /appealing that ... 某物是如此的吸引人，以致……‎ It is famous for /as ... ……因为/作为……而著名 On the way up I was busy taking pictures since the scenery was so beautiful. ‎ 在路上，我正忙着拍照，因为风景是如此美丽。‎ Surrounded by100 sights of historical interest and natural attraction including the seven wonders of the world, you will easily fulfill your dream of touring around the world in a day. ‎ 您置身于包括世界七大奇观在内的100处历史名胜与自然景观之中，一日便可游遍天下美景。‎ ‎8. 对周围环境的感受 comfortable舒适的 dirty肮脏的 keep a balance保持平衡 balanced平衡 ‎ peaceful和平 in order有序的 in harmony和谐的 convenient方便的 ‎ modern现代的 quiet/silent安静的 rough粗糙的 grand大的 shelter sb./sth. from保护某人/某事（免受…….） ‎ ‎（1）The country has abundant supplies of oil and gas. 该国拥有丰富的石油和天然气供应。‎ ‎（2）The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens, but looks out of place in the garden of a traditional home.‎ 家具，以其现代的风格和鲜艳的色彩，适合现代的房子和他们的花园，但在传统住户的花园里看起来很不合适。out of place 不合时宜的 ‎9.气候（Weather）‎ ‎(1)With pleasant weather, Chengdu enjoys various plants and flowers. So if you are a flower fan, you can pay a visit to Huawu Renjian Park.‎ ‎(2) Although it is hot in summer and cold in winter, there are also many places worth paying a visit.‎ 尽管冬冷夏凉，这儿仍然有许多值得游览的景点。‎ ‎(3)Britain enjoys warm winters and cool summers with a lot of rainful throughout the year.‎ 英国冬暖夏凉，一年四季雨季偏多。‎ ‎(4) The weather here is totally different from that in your place, with a temperature of 21—37 degree. It hardly ever rains but is not dry, with a lot of heavy wind in spring.‎ 这里的气候和你那边的完全不同，气温大约在21至37度左右。这里春季多风，几乎不下雨，但是也不算太干燥。‎ ‎(5) Due to its pleasant climate, this beautiful island, 60% of which is covered by forest, is rich in natural resources. There are about 18400 species of wildlife on the island.‎ 因为宜人的气候，这个美丽的小岛60%的面积都被森林覆盖着。这里自然资源丰富，大约有18400种野生动物。‎ ‎10.餐饮(Food and Drinks)‎ ‎ Apart from the main food, rice and noodles, here are also many kinds of special foods, such as dumplings, rice dumplings, hot pot and so on.‎ 除了主食大米和面条外，这里有各种特色小吃，比如饺子、汤圆和火锅等。‎ ‎11.交通(Transportation)‎ ‎(1)It’s convenient for you to take Buses No.7, 9 or 11 and Subway Line 2 to reach there.‎ ‎ 你可以乘7路、9路或11路公交车，也可以乘坐2号地铁线到那里，非常方便。‎ ‎(2) Taxis can take you to any place where you want to go.出租车可以送你到任何一个你想去的地方。‎ ‎12.社会评价(Remarks)‎ ‎1. Without doubt, Taiwan leaves people a good impression because it enjoys a rapid development of economy and social cultures and the Taiwanese are friendly, polite and hospitable.‎ 毫无疑问，台湾给人留下了很好的印象，因为它在经济和社会文化均得以快速发展，并且台湾人友好、礼貌而又好客。‎ 范文1所住社区的介绍（ Personal Environments）（参考范文略）‎ 请你根据以下提示信息以My Community 为题写一篇英语短文，介绍自己所住的社区。‎ 名称 新华社区(Xinhua Community)‎ 位置 市中心 人口 ‎500户，约2000人 构成 ‎8幢公寓大楼，1家超市，1个诊所(clinic),3家小饭店，1个公园 环境 环境优美 居民 友好、互助 评价 ‎……‎ 要求：1. 词数110词左右。2.内容充实，结构完整，语言连贯。3.书写须清晰、工整。‎ 范文2所住城市的介绍（ Personal Environments and Weather）（参考范文略）‎ 张楠的美国朋友约翰·史密斯(John Smith)‎ 今年夏天即将来华度暑假，他写信向张楠询问一些有关他所在城市的情况。张楠所在城市情况如下：‎ ‎(1)气候：夏天气温21-37度，几乎不下雨，但不干燥，春天风大；‎ ‎(2)饮食：饮食与美国很不同，米饭是主食, 建议他应尽力适应中国饮食，并要学会使用筷子；‎ ‎(3)娱乐：濒临大海，有丰富的海上活动。‎ ‎［写作内容］请根据以上情况给约翰·史密斯写一封回信，内容包括：‎ ‎（1）张楠所在城市的基本情况；（2）提醒对方注意的问题。‎ 范文3 【2009年全国卷Ⅱ改编】介绍北京的前门大街改建情况 （题干和参考范文略）‎ 范文4 中国长城简介（题干和参考范文略）‎ 范文5台湾简介 （题干和参考范文略）‎ 范文6 家乡的今昔对比（Personal Environments）（参考范文略）‎ ‎ 假如你住在幸福新村，有外国媒体就你村二十年来居住条件的变化采访你。‎ 写作内容：请根据以下要点，写一篇短文，准备接受采访。‎ 二十年前 现在 平房住户 ‎80%‎ ‎0‎ 别墅住户 ‎5%‎ ‎45%‎ 人均面积 ‎8—20（平方米）‎ ‎30—50（平方米）‎ 希望 住上楼房，面积更大 更舒适、更安全，个性化 Practice I 所住社区的介绍（ Personal Environments）（题干和范文略）‎ PracticeII My Hometown Chengdu （Personal Environments and Weather）（题干和范文略）‎ Practice III请根据以上情况给约翰·史密斯写一封回信，内容包括：‎ ‎（1）你所在城市的基本情况；‎ ‎（ 2）提醒对方注意的问题。（题干和范文略）‎ Practice IV 旅游景点介绍（题干和范文略）‎ Practice V【2011年福建高考卷】灾区新貌 (Personal Environments)(参考范文略)‎ 为纪念汶川大地震三周年，某英文报发起关于灾区新貌的征文活动。请根据以下图片提示，以“Great Changes”为题，用英语写一篇短文应征。内容要点如下：‎ ‎1.某中学灾后三年来的变化，如教学与活动场所，以及师生精神面貌等；‎ ‎2.发生变化的原因；3.你的感想。‎ 注意：1.短文标题与开头已给出，不计入总词数；2.可根据图片提示适当发挥；3.词数：120左右。‎ 话题2 写人(Family, Friends and People Around)‎ 写法指导： ‎ 人物的介绍包括三类。第一类指的是在应用文体裁考察中考查的申请信和演讲稿，要求自我介绍，包括个人基本信息、兴趣爱好及特长。第二类是同学们身边熟知的家人、同学、老师和朋友；第三类指的是国内外各个领域的杰出人物，例如：科学家、发明家、航海家、宇航员、政治家、军事家、音乐家、画家、体坛名将等等。‎ 介绍熟知的家人、同学、老师和朋友时，写作内容主要包括：1.人物基本信息（姓名、性别、年龄、职业、衣着和外貌等）；2.人物的性格特征；3.该人物与作者之间动人的经历或该人物对作者的影响；4.对该人物的评价。‎ 介绍国内外杰出人物时，写作内容主要包括：1.人物基本信息介绍(姓名、性别、年龄、职业、出生信息、家庭背景、成长经历)；2.个人成就及感人事迹；3.对该人物的总体评价（对社会的贡献或对他人的启迪）。‎ 写人为主的记叙文应关注文章的主体时态，如果是描述难忘的多年前的一个老师、朋友或同学，或介绍某人的生平事迹，则主体时态应该是一般过去时态。如果是描述现在身边的一个同学，老师或同事的性格特征，生活态度等等，则文章主体时态应为一般现在时。如果畅想未来的自己，那么文章的主体时态应以一般将来时态为主。‎ Useful words and phrases ‎1. 年龄 age ‎1.a five-year-old boy一个五岁的男孩 2.a boy aged five 一个五岁的男孩 ‎3.in my tens /twenties在我十/二十多岁时 4.at the age of five在五岁时 ‎5. As a child, I liked to... 我小的时候喜欢……‎ ‎2. 出生信息 information of birth ‎ ‎1.was born in ... 出生在…… 2.be/come from a wealthy family出生于富裕人家 ‎3.was born into a peasant family出生于一个农民家庭 ‎4.出生地 place of birth/birthplace 5.地址address 6.国籍 nationality ‎ ‎7.省province 8.州 State 9.街区block ‎10.社区community/neighborhood ‎3. 衣着和外表 looks and appearance ‎1.a 1.80-meter-tall boy 一个高1.8米的男孩 2.overweight胖的，thin瘦的，slim苗条的，strong强壮的 ‎3.look young for one’s age 显得比实际年龄年轻 4.good-looking 长得好看 5.plain-looking 长得一般 ‎6.well dressed 穿得漂亮 7.neatly dressed 衣着干净整洁 ‎4. 能力 abilities ‎1.efficient办事高效率的 2.intelligent聪明的3.creative 富创造力的 ‎4.a boy with great ability 能干的男孩 5.a qualified teacher 一名合格的教师 ‎6.speak fluent English 讲流利的英语 7.have a gift/talent/genius for sth. 在某方面有天赋 ‎8.be skilled in 在……方面熟练 9.be experienced in 在……方面有经验 ‎10. have musical talent有音乐天赋 11.be crazy about喜欢 ‎5. 健康 health ‎1.be in good health/shape/condition 身体健康 2.energetic精力充沛的；3.well-built身材健美的 ‎4. suffer from... 患上……‎ ‎6. 个人职业 occupations ‎1. 建筑师 architect 2. 运动员 athlete 3.家庭教师 tutor 4.将军 general ‎ ‎5.部长minister 6.演奏者 performer 7. 搬运工 porter 8.侦探 detective ‎ ‎9.导演 director 10.小说家 novelist 11.宇航员 astronaut 12.口译者 interpreter 13.会计accountant 14.律师 lawyer 15.政治家 statesman 16.教练 coach ‎ ‎17.设计师designer 18.编辑 editor 19.牙医 dentist 20.校长 headmaster ‎ ‎21.大厨 chef 22.厨师cook 23.销售员 salesman ‎7. 人物性格 characters ‎1.有冒险精神的adventurous 2.有热情的，狂热的enthusiastic 3. 富有创造力的creative ‎ ‎4. 慷慨的generous, open-minded 5.喜怒无常的；情绪化的moody 6.友善的friendly/kind ‎ ‎7.天真的innocent 8.孩子气的，幼稚的childish 9.敏感的sensitive ‎ ‎10.浪漫的romantic 11.考虑周到的，贴心的considerate, caring ‎12.幽默的humorous 13.自信的confident 14.独立的independent ‎ ‎15.自私的selfish 16.无私的selfless/unselflish 17.乐于助人的helpful ‎17热情的，热心的enthusiastic ‎ ‎8. 教学方法或风格 teaching methods or teaching style ‎(1)be fair公正的 (2)be enthusiastic about sb./sth 对某人或某事热心的 ‎ ‎（3）explain things clearly 把事情解释的很清楚 （4） return homework quickly 返还作业迅速 ‎ ‎（5）give us clear instructions 指令清晰 （6）inspire us to do everything启发我们做每一件事情 （7）encourage students to do things bravely 鼓励我们大胆地做事情 ‎ ‎(8)make things interesting 让事情很有趣 （9）be strict with sb. in/about sth. 在某方面对某人要求严格 ‎ ‎（10）allow students to ask for questions at any time during a lesson允许学生在课堂上任何时候提出问题 ‎9.主要成就和贡献 main achievement and contributions receive a doctor’s degree取得博士学位; ‎ win the Nobel Prize获得诺贝尔奖;‎ contribute (oneself) to (doing) sth. 致力于做sth. ‎ ‎ devote oneself /one’s energy/one’s life to (doing)sth.将自己的全部精力/一生投入到做sth.中 ‎ develop trade and friendship between China and other countries 发展商贸并促进中国和他国友谊 ‎ have a great effect /influence/impact on sb./sth. 对sb./sth.有较大的影响 ‎10.评价或感受 remarks or feelings ‎(1)With him teaching us, I’ll make great progress. 有了他教我们，我会取得进步的。‎ ‎（2）He is not only friendly and helpful , but also very inspiring. 他不仅很友善、乐于助人，而且让人倍受鼓舞.‎ ‎11. Useful expressions ‎1. interest n.兴趣（用单数形式或不可数名词）‎ take (an) interest in (doing) sth.=develop (an) interest in (doing)sth.=be interested in (doing )sth. ‎ 喜欢做某事，对（做）某事感兴趣 Show interest in Chinese history 对中国历史感兴趣 lose interest in (doing)sth. 对…..失去兴趣 ‎2. interests n.常用复数，意思为业余爱好，兴趣； interests and hobbies 业余兴趣爱好 ‎3. command n. 掌握，精通 have a good command of English 精通英语 ‎4. help sb build (up) confidence帮助某人树立信心 ‎5. favorite figure 最喜欢的人物 ‎6. Zheng He, an explorer in Ming Dynasty, is my favorite figure in Chinese history.‎ 中国历史上我最喜欢的人物是明朝的探险家郑和。‎ ‎7. In order to develop trade and friendship between China and other countries, he spent 28 years on the ocean journeys and went to more than thirty countries. As a result, China’s economy developed faster and was known by more people in the world. From Zhenghe, I understand the importance of trying.‎ 为了发展贸易并且促进中国和其他国家的友谊，28年来，他一直在海上航行，到达过30多个国家。结果，中国的经济得到迅速发展，并且中国也被更多的国家所知晓。从郑和身上，我懂得了尝试的重要性。‎ ‎ 记叙人（写人）‎ 范文1 My Mother（题干和范文略）‎ 范文2 My English Teacher（题干和范文略）‎ 范文3 My Good Friend（题干和范文略）‎ 范文4 【2016年全国高考北京卷第一节】历史人物介绍（题干和范文略）‎ 范文5 传奇人物介绍澳大利亚的医学博士传奇事迹介绍（题干和范文略）‎ 范文6 著名歌手王力宏介绍（题干和范文略）‎ PracticeI My New Teacher(题干和范文略)‎ PracticeII The Most Unforgettable Person (题干和范文略)‎ Practice III【2015年全国高考安徽卷】A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview(题干和范文略)‎ Practice IV My Favorite Figure in Sports(题干和范文略)‎ PracticeV Nie Er---a Great Chinese Composer(题干和范文略)‎ 应用文（写人）‎ 范文1 【2012年全国新课标卷】 申请参加夏令营(范文略) ‎ 假定你是李华，从互联网上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡(Singapore)举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。内容主要包括:‎ ‎1.自我介绍(包括英语能力);2.参加意图(介绍中国、了解其他国家);3.希望获准。‎ 范文2 【2015年四川高考卷】申请给美国留学生教普通话(范文略)‎ 假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生Sharon 在网上发帖，希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。‎ ‎1. 表达给她提供帮助的意愿； 2. 说明你能胜任辅导的理由；‎ ‎3. 给出讲好普通话的两点建议； 4. 提出你学习英语的具体需求。‎ 注意：1.词数120左右，开头语已为你写好；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。（满分35分）‎ 范文3 申请应聘设计部实习生岗位(题干和范文略)‎ Practice I申请成为一名英语老师自愿者(题干和范文略)‎ Practice II【2009年上海卷改编】申请参加夏令营课程学习(题干和范文略)‎ 单元综合演练 第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Cats are creatures of habit. They like to go to sleep about the same time every day and for a certain length of time. They seem to have a natural clock inside them that tells them when to sleep. Cats increase their regular sleep with occasional cat naps (打盹). Some experts feel that humans could also benefit from this habit. Cat naps help to build up energy in the body. They are also a good way to get rid of trouble! Since cats have the same moods (情绪) as humans, some experts believe that people can improve their moods. People might become happier.‎ A number of famous people have copied cats by taking cat naps during the day. The naps would usually last from 15 to 30 minutes. Winston Churchill took cat naps. So did Presidents Harry Truman, John F. Kennedy, and Lyndon B Johnson. These famous men were known for their energy. They were also able to work long hours, often into the night. Napping was their secret.‎ ‎21．From this selection we know that cats ________.‎ A. do not have regular sleep B. have occasional sleep as well as naps every day C. take naps to add to their regular sleep D. take naps when they are not happy ‎22．Which of the following statements is NOT true?‎ A. People should take their naps secretly.‎ B. Cats have the same moods as people.‎ C. Some famous people take cat naps.‎ D. Some people have full energy after they take cat naps.‎ ‎23．This selection was probably written to ________.‎ A. show how lazy cats are B. talk about the habits of cats C. tell about famous people and their habits D. persuade people to take naps 答案与解析：‎ ‎21．解析：细节理解题。由第一段中“Cats increase their regular sleep with occasional cat naps.”可知，猫需要通过打盹来增加其睡眠，故C项符合要求。‎ 答案：C ‎22．解析：细节理解题。A项中的secretly一词在文中未被提及。‎ 答案：A ‎23．解析：写作意图题。文章通过说明小睡可以让人精神饱满这一事实，旨在劝告人们这样去做。‎ 答案：D B A small plane had some trouble with its engine while still in the high sky.‎ The pilot knew that there was nothing he could do to keep the plane long in the air. So he rushed back to where his passengers sat and explained the dangerous situation. In the end he said, “I'm a married man with two small children. I'm sorry to tell you that there are only three parachutes in the plane.” And with that he took up one and jumped out.‎ One of the passengers reacted quickly. “I'm a great statesman！” he said. “I've a very bright brain and the world can't do without me！” And with that he jumped out too.‎ The other two passengers, an old man and a young soldier, were quiet for a moment. “Son，” the man said, “I'm old and have lived a full life. I'm ready to meet my God.”‎ ‎“You'll have to give up that.” the young man said, smiling. “The world's smartest man just jumped out with my backpack.”‎ ‎24．What do you think of the statesman?‎ A. Clever but unlucky. ‎ B. Stupid but lucky.‎ C. Selflessness. ‎ D. A great man.‎ ‎25．The pilot told the passengers that ________.‎ A. there were three people in his family B. it was dangerous for them to take his plane C. he was sorry for what had happened D. there were not enough parachutes for them all ‎26．By Saying “I'm ready to meet my God.” the old man meant ________.‎ A. he was going to die B. he tried death C. the young man could use the last parachute D. the young man should give him the last parachute ‎27．From the passage we can infer that ________ was sure to lose his life.‎ A. the pilot ‎ B. the old man C. the young man ‎ D. the great statesman 答案与解析：‎ ‎24．解析：推理判断题。从这位政治家的话里可看出他非常急于逃生，但末句“jumped out with my backpack”可以推断A正确。‎ 答案：A ‎25．解析：细节理解题。由第二段“... there are only three parachutes in the plane.”说明降落伞不够。‎ 答案：D ‎26．解析：句意理解题。老者意欲把求生的机会让给年轻人。‎ 答案：C ‎27．解析：细节理解题。该题旨在考查对文章的深层理解。那位自认为聪明急于逃生而错背别人背包的政治家必死无疑。‎ 答案：D C If you're not getting along with your neighbors, consider getting a pet, preferably (更可取地) a dog. A new Australian study has found that pet owners tend to interact more positively with their neighbors and wider community, and be out and about more. And dog owners seem to be the friendliest and most social of all.‎ Lisa Wood, a lecturer at the University of Western Australia, with her colleagues conducted a ‎ random telephone survey (随机电话调查) of 339 adults from three suburbs in the Western Australian capital Perth, asking questions about pet ownership and social interaction.‎ They found that pet owners were more likely than people who didn't own a pet to exchange informal greetings with people from their neighborhood, often while they were out with their pets, and to exchange favors with their neighbors. Dog owners, in particular, seemed to enjoy good social contact. For example, more than half showed that they had got to know people in their suburb as a result of their pet, and more than four－fifths talked to other pet owners when they walked their dogs.‎ But in general, pet owners, including goldfish owners, appeared to be more social than people who didn't own a pet, with fewer numbers reporting it hard to get to know people in their neighborhood.‎ The research suggests owning a pet also motivates people to walk and use local parks, providing opportunities to meet new people; acts as a catalyst(催化剂) for taking part in community activities, and as a protector of mental health, which influences the ability to take part in community events and interact with local people.‎ ‎28．According to the Australian study, ________.‎ A．getting a pet can make you busier B．the pet owners are always ready to help others every day C．your social life depends on whether you own a pet or not D．the pet owners can benefit a lot from keeping the pet ‎29．Who would like to go out and communicate with others according to this passage?‎ A．The local rich people.‎ B．People keeping goldfish.‎ C．People without any pets.‎ D．The people in community.‎ ‎30．The author uses the word “motivates” in the last paragraph to mean ________.‎ A．reminds B．advises C．encourages D．requires ‎31．All the details in this passage support the main idea that ________.‎ A．keeping pets can gain the respect of the others B．getting pets can improve your social life C．people are persuaded to raise more pets D．people can make more friends by raising dogs 答案与解析：‎ ‎28．解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“A new Australian study ...wider community, and be out and about more. And dog owners seem to be the friendliest and most social of all.”可知，饲养宠物可以使你以更积极的心态和周围的人交往，使你更加社会化，有助于人际交往，人能在很大程度上从中受益，D项推断合理。‎ 答案：D ‎29．解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They found that pet owners were more likely than people who didn't own a pet to exchange informal greetings with people from their neighborhood ...neighbors”可知，饲养宠物的人比不饲养宠物的人乐于和周围的人交往。‎ 答案：B ‎30．解析：词义猜测题。根据下文“... providing opportunities to meet new people; acts as a catalyst for taking part in community activities ...”可知，motivates在这里应该和catalyst有相似之意，即应该是“激发、鼓励”之意。‎ 答案：C ‎31．解析：主旨大意题。总地看来，本文是写饲养宠物能改善你的社会关系，扩大人际交往范围，B项“饲养宠物可以改善你的社交生活”揭示了文章的主旨大意，符合题意。‎ 答案：B D Sometimes the best way to get through hard times is finding out you're not alone. The books in the Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul (《心灵鸡汤》) series have helped millions of teens in the few years since the first was published. Much like the earlier ones, the third in the series has stories, poems, and cartoons, most of which are written by teens themselves.‎ Twenty teen reviewers read all the works and left only 5 000 favorites. Editors (编辑) Jack Canfield, Mark Victor Hansen, and Kimberly Kirberger made the final cuts. Packed with heartache, love, experience, and wisdom, Teen Ⅲ is as helpful as the earlier series.‎ Most of the stories are written by young, unpublished writers. And the audience undoubtedly will relate perfectly to the tales told in the book. The editors have organized this collection into nine categories (类别): Relationships, Friendship, The Power of Love, Family, Lessons, Difficult Stuff, Overcoming Obstacles (克服障碍), SelfDiscovery, and Growing Up. You'll be comforted to know that you're never as alone as you think.‎ This book is written to help teens to deal with the problems that they face every day, from first love to heartache, from best friends to enemies. This book will help guide you through the difficult times and add happiness to the great times. The best part of this book is that there is something for everyone in it. The variety in this book is great. From the cartoons to the poems, you will never get bored or reading it.‎ ‎32．The text is written to ________.‎ A. introduce a book B. give some advice C. tell stories D. please readers ‎33．Which of the following can NOT be found in Chicken Soup for the Teenage Soul Ⅲ？‎ A. Poems. B. Cartoons.‎ C. Tales. D. Reports.‎ ‎34．Most of the works in Chicken Soup are written by ________.‎ A. teens ‎ B. adults C. famous writers ‎ D. college students ‎35．What's the main topic of Chicken Soup?‎ A. Joys and sorrows of life.‎ B. Growing pains and gains.‎ C. Ways to live healthily.‎ D. Ways to solve problems.‎ 答案与解析：‎ ‎32．解析：写作意图题。本文主要介绍了《心灵鸡汤Ⅲ》一书。‎ 答案：A ‎33．解析：推理判断题。由第一段第三句和第三段第二句可知，《心灵鸡汤Ⅲ》中有诗歌，漫画和童话故事，只有D没有提及。‎ 答案：D ‎34．解析：细节理解题。由第一段结尾及第三段开头可知，本书中的文章大部分是由青少年写的。‎ 答案：A ‎35．解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本书主要由青少年的文章组成，内容也都是关于青少年成长过程中面临的问题。由此可以判断本书的主题是growing pains and gains(成长的痛苦与收获)。A项较笼统，没有体现出青少年成长这一书中涉及的主要内容与特征。‎ 答案：B 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ ‎“The right pair of exercise shoes can do a lot to prevent discomfort and injuries，” personal trainers say. Here are some shopping tips：‎ ‎__36__ Depending on your workout, shoes designed for walking, running, tennis, crosstraining or another specialty will provide the best support for your feet.‎ Shop when you normally exercise. Feet actually get bigger throughout the day, sometimes swelling up as much as a halfsize by nighttime. __37__‎ Try them on. Never grab a pair of exercise shoes based only on the size of footwear you normally buy. Bring the type of socks you'd wear to work out and go for a walk through the store.‎ ‎__38__ You should be able to spread your toes out comfortably. Make sure there's about a halfinch of space between them and the front of the shoe. The back should fit snugly (warmly and comfortably) against your heel and not move up and down. If your feet are different sizes, buy based on the larger one.‎ Talk to an expert. Shoe salesmen and personal trainers can study your stride (步伐) and the shape of your feet. __39__‎ ‎__40__ Many trainers recommend switching footwear every three to five months, if possible, to maintain (保持) proper cushioning and support.‎ A. Think about how much you can afford to buy the workout shoes.‎ B. Consider your type of exercise.‎ C. Focus on fit (匹配)．‎ D. So don't shop first thing in the morning if you often work out in the evening.‎ E. Pay more attention to new style shoes.‎ F. Replace worn shoes regularly.‎ G. Usually they can recommend the best shoes to guard against injuries.‎ 答案：36.B　37.D　38.C　39.G　40.F 第三部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Mrs. Green, including her husband and three children, lived in a city, __41__ was very near the countryside. She worked __42__ a teacher and gave music lessons at a school. Of course she was fond of __43__.‎ Mrs. Green had a good voice and she __44__ her classes exciting. But she had a __45__‎ ‎ point. Some of her notes (音调) were so high that they sounded like a door which needed __46__. In order to improve her notes, she took __47__ chance that she could found to practise.‎ As her house was not big, she couldn't practise __48__ in it. So she usually left home, walking and singing __49__ the country road. She practised her high notes __50__ walking. However, each time she learned a person or a car __51__ along the road, she __52__ singing. She did not want her high notes to be __53__， for she was shy.‎ One afternoon a fast open car came up to her so __54__ and so fast that she didn't __55__ it until the car was only a few meters away. She was practicing some of her __56__ and most difficult notes at that time. As the car passed by, she saw a __57__ expression come over the driver's face. He stopped suddenly to __58__ all the tyres (轮胎) carefully.‎ Mrs. Green felt it shy to tell the driver what the __59__ he had heard really was. The driver found __60__ wrong, got back into the car and drove off.‎ ‎41．A. that B. which C. where D. there ‎42．A. as B. like C. with D. on ‎43．A. books B. pictures C. sports D. music ‎44．A. got B. supported C. made D. forced ‎45．A. weak B. strong C. good D. special ‎46．A. painting B. locking C. cleaning D. oiling ‎47．A. some B. each C. a D. other ‎48．A. operating B. listening C. singing D. playing ‎49．A. across B. beside C. close to D. along ‎50．A. as soon as B. while C. after D. before ‎51．A. coming B. disappearing C. leaving D. driving ‎52．A. kept B. went on C. stopped D. began ‎53．A. found B. made C. listened D. heard ‎54．A. quietly B. quickly C. carefully D. slowly ‎55．A. recognize B. catch C. realize D. provide ‎56．A. biggest B. highest C. nicest D. largest ‎57．A. puzzled B. sad C. serious D. happy ‎58．A. watch B. examine C. control D. notice ‎59．A. fact B. note C. noise D. music ‎60．A. the tyres B. everything C. something D. nothing 答案与解析：‎ ‎41．解析：本句为非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语。‎ 答案：B ‎42．解析：work as意为“某人的工作是……”。‎ 答案：A ‎43．解析：根据上下文当然是music。‎ 答案：D ‎44．解析：考查make的复合结构，make classes exciting意为“课上得激动人心”。‎ 答案：C ‎45．解析：从上文a good voice可知下文发的高音不是不好听，而是比较有特点，因此不能选weak，而应该选special。‎ 答案：D ‎46．解析：考查need后面动名词的主动表示被动，need oiling＝need to be oiled。‎ 答案：D ‎47．解析：“抓住每个机会”，只有each符合题意。‎ 答案：B ‎48．解析：从下文来看是练声，当然选singing。‎ 答案：C ‎49．解析：“沿着乡间小路”用介词along。‎ 答案：D ‎50．解析：“在散步的时候”，用while。‎ 答案：B ‎51．解析：然而，每次路上有人或车来的时候……。‎ 答案：A ‎52．解析：从下文可知她会停止唱歌。‎ 答案：C ‎53．解析：她不想她的歌声被人听到。‎ 答案：D ‎54．解析：从下文可知她没有注意到这辆车开过来，应该是车开得比较quietly。‎ 答案：A ‎55．解析：realize意为“意识到”，此处意思相当于notice，符合题意。‎ 答案：C ‎56．解析：从下文的the most difficult可推知也是最高的音。‎ 答案：B ‎57．解析：司机疑惑，以为轮胎出了问题。‎ 答案：A ‎58．解析：司机“检查轮胎是否出了问题”，用examine最合适。‎ 答案：B ‎59．解析：司机没有意识到有人在练声，所以music和note都不妥，用noise表示他听到的声音才合适。‎ 答案：C ‎60．解析：轮胎当然没什么问题，即nothing wrong。‎ 答案：D 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ It was a very cold evening, an old man was waiting for a ride across the river. He saw several horsemen pass by but he didn't ask for any help. The wait seemed 61.________ (end). Then came another rider, the old man 62.________ (catch) his eye and said, “Sir, would you mind doing me a favor？”‎ Stopping his horse, he replied, “Of course.” Almost 63.________ (freeze), the old man could not get 64.________ the ground. The horseman helped him onto his horse. He took the old man not just across the river, 65.________ to his home.‎ ‎“Sir, you didn't even ask the other riders for help, why? What 66.________ I had said ‘no’ and left you there？”the horseman asked.‎ The old man looked at him straight in the eyes and said, “I looked into their eyes. I found they didn't care, 67.________ told me it would be useless, but when I looked into 68.________， I saw kindness.”‎ These words touched the rider deeply. “Thank you for 69.________ you've said. I hope I will never be too busy to help others.” With that, Thomas Jefferson, the 70.________ (three) president of the U．S., turned his horse around and went away.‎ 答案与解析：‎ 文章讲述了一位老人通过看人的眼神来判断对方是否是友善的人，从而来寻求帮助，最终他得到了美国第三任总统托马斯·杰斐逊的帮助。‎ ‎61．解析：考查词形变化。根据语境可知好几个骑马的人都过去了，老人都没有寻求帮助。因此此处表示“等待看起来没有尽头”。‎ 答案：endless ‎62．解析：考查时态。and连接两个并列的成分，故所填词应该和said形式一致。‎ 答案：caught ‎63．解析：考查非谓语动词。此处用过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成。‎ 答案：frozen ‎64．解析：考查意义与词组的搭配。上文提到老人几乎冻僵了，因此“他无法离开地面”。get off意为“离开(某地)”。‎ 答案：off ‎65．解析：考查固定结构。not just... but...为固定结构，意为“不仅……而且……”。句意为：他不仅把老人载过了河，还将其送回了家。‎ 答案：but ‎66．解析：考查固定结构。What if...为固定搭配。意为“要是……怎么样？”。‎ 答案：if ‎67．解析：考查定语从句。所填词既引导从句，又在从句中作主语，而且前面是逗号，可知此处为非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，故用which。‎ 答案：which ‎68．解析：考查名词性物主代词。由前面的I looked into their eyes可知此处为but when I looked into your eyes，因为eyes在前面已经出现过，所以此处用名词性物主代词yours代替your eyes。‎ 答案：yours ‎69．解析：考查宾语从句。what引导宾语从句作for的宾语，且在从句中作宾语。‎ 答案：what ‎70．解析：考查序数词。表示“第三任总统”，要用序数词third。‎ 答案：third 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；‎ ‎2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Dear Bob，‎ I've just accepted your letter and I am very happy to know that you will visit Wuhan, it is a big city in the central part of the China. It is also the capital of Hubei Province. It rains often in late spring and very hot in summer, however in winter it is not very cold. Wuhan has many place for sightseeing, such as the Longquan Mountain, East Lake Park, the Yellow Crane Tower and Gui Yuan Temple. When you come, I show you around. I am looking forward to your come. Please let me know your time of departure as soon as you have decide.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Ming 答案：‎ Dear Bob，‎ I've just your letter and I am very happy to know that you will visit Wuhan, is a big city in the central part of th／e China. It is also the capital of Hubei Province. It rains often in late spring and very hot in summer, in winter it is not very cold. Wuhan has many for sightseeing, such as the Longquan Mountain, East Lake Park, the Yellow Crane Tower and Gui Yuan Temple. When you come, I show you around. I am looking forward to your . Please let me know your time of departure as soon as you have .‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Ming 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ 假如你是李华，最近，你校同学正在参加某英文报纸组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是公园要不要收门票。请你根据下表提供的信息，给报社写一封信，客观地介绍讨论的情况。‎ ‎60%的同学认为 ‎40%的同学认为 ‎1.不应收门票 ‎1.应收门票，但票价不宜高 ‎2.公园是公众休闲的地方 ‎2.支付园林工人工资 ‎3.如收门票，需建大门、围墙，会影响城市形象 ‎3.购买新花木 注意：1.信的开头已写好；‎ ‎2．词数：100左右。‎ 参考词汇：门票entrance fee　形象 appearance Dear Editor，‎ I'm writing to tell you about the discussion we've had about ________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 范文：‎ Dear Editor，‎ I'm_writing_to_tell_you_about_the_discussion_we've_had_about whether an entrance fee should be charged for parks.‎ Opinions are divided on the question. 60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fees. They believe a public park should be free of charge. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves. Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away. What's more, if entrance fees are charged, it will be necessary to build gates and walls, which will affect the appearance of the city.‎ On the other hand, 40% of the students think that entrance fees are necessary, but the prices should not be high as money is needed to pay gardeners and other workers and to buy plants and young trees.‎ Yours truly，‎ Li Hua