2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit4Pygmalion单元学案（18页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit4Pygmalion单元学案（18页word解析版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit4Pygmalion 单元学案 一单元基础训练 一、单元单词短语回顾 ‎△Pygmalion n.皮格马利翁（希腊神话）‎ ‎△George Bernard Shaw 乔治·伯纳德·萧 （也译萧伯纳，英国剧作家）‎ adaptation  [ædæpˈteiʃən] n.适应（性）；改编本 classic  [ˈklæsik] adj. 经典的；第一流的 n.经典著作 caption  [ˈkæpʃən] n. （图片上的）说明文字；（电视、电影）字幕；‎ ‎ （杂志等文章的）标题；韪 plot [plɔt] n. 情节；阴谋 professor  [prəˈfesə] n. 教授 ‎△Higgins 希金斯 （姓）‎ ‎△phonetics  [fəˈnetik] n. 语音学 ‎△colonel [ˈkə:nəl] n. （陆军）上校 ‎△Pickering 皮克林（姓）‎ ‎△fateful  [ˈfeitfəl] adj.重要的；决定性的；命中注定的 whistle  [ˈwisəl] vi. 吹口哨；发出汽笛声n.口哨声；汽笛声 garment [ˈgɑ:mənt] n. （一件）衣服（外套、裙、袍等）（pl）服装 woollen [ˈwulən] adj. 毛纺的；纯毛的 （<美>woolen）‎ hesitate  [ˈheziteit] vi. 犹豫；踌躇 uncomfortable  [ʌnˈkʌmftəbəl] adj. 不舒服的；不安的；不自在的 uncomfortably [ˌʌn'kʌmfətəbli] adv. 不舒服的；不自在地 troublesome  [ˈtrʌbəlsəm] adj. 带来麻烦的；使人心烦的 wallet  [ˈwɑ:lit] n. 皮夹；钱包 outcome ['autkʌm] n. 结果；效果 thief  [θi:f] n. 小偷；贼 handkerchief [ˈhæŋkətʃif] n.手帕；手绢；纸巾 ‎△disguise  [disˈgaiz] vt.伪装；假扮；遮掩 n.伪装 ‎△in disguise 伪装（的）；假扮（的）‎ mistaken  [misˈteikən] adj.（见解或判断上）错误的；不正确的 brilliant  [ˈbriliənt] adj.光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的 classify  [ˈklæsifai] vt.编排；分类；归类 remark [riˈmɑ:k] n. 谈论；言论；评述 ‎ ‎ vt. & vi.谈论；评论；说起 betray [biˈtrei] vt.显露出（本来面目）；背叛 upper  [ˈʌpə] adj.（位置或地位）较高的；级别较高的 extraordinary  [ikˈstrɔ:dinəri] adj. 不同寻常的；非凡的 condemn  [kənˈdem]vi.谴责；使……注定 ‎△gutter  [ˈgʌtə] n. 排水沟；阴沟；贫民区 properly [ˈprɔpəli] adv.适当地；恰当地 pass…off as…（把某人）改变或冒充成……‎ ‎△duchess  [ˈdʌtʃis] n. 公爵夫人；女公爵 ambassador  [æmˈbæsədə]n.大使；使节 acquaintance  [əˈkweintəns] n.相识；了解；熟人 make one’s acquaintance 结识；‎ ‎ 与……相见 handful [ˈhændful] n. 一把；少量 ‎△amazement  [əˈmeizmənt] n. 惊讶；惊愕 ‎△in amazement 震惊；惊讶 fortune  [ˈfɔ:tʃənət] n. 机会；运气；大笔的钱 authentic  [ɔ:ˈθentik] adj. 真实的；真正的；可信的； 可靠的 generally speaking 一般来说 status  [ˈsteitəs] n. 身份；地位；职位 superior  [su:ˈpiəriə] adj. 优秀的；较高的；上级的n.上级；长官 in terms of…就……来说；从……角度 ‎△disapprove  [ˌdisəˈpru:v] vt. & vi. 不赞成；反对；认为不好 rob [rɔb] vt. 抢劫；盗窃；剥夺 antique [ænˈti:k] adj.古时的；（因古老、稀少而）珍贵的 ‎ ‎ n. 文物；古董；古玩 musical  [ˈmju:zikəl] adj. 音乐的；喜爱音乐的 n.音乐喜剧 stocking  [ˈstɔkiŋ] n. 长袜 ‎△believer  [biˈli:və] n.信徒；教徒 Buddhism ['budizəm]   n. 佛教 ‎△Buddhist n.佛教徒 adj.佛教的 ‎△Buddha  ['budə n. 佛 ‎△vowel  [ˈvauəl] n. 元音；元音字母 ‎△Pearce 皮尔斯（姓）‎ cookie [ˈkuki] n. 饼干 teapot  ['ti:pɔt] n. 茶壶 cream [kri:m] n. 奶油；面霜 nail  [neil] n. 指甲；钉子 show…in 带或领……进来 wax [wæks] n. 蜡；蜜蜡 vt.上蜡 disk [disk] n. 磁盘 ‎△wax disk 旧式唱片 shabby  [ˈʃæbi] adj. 破旧的；寒酸的 ‎△curtsy [ˈkə:tsi] vi. （also curtsey） 行屈膝礼 n.（女子行的）屈膝礼 ‎△shilling n.先令（1971年以前的英国货币单位，旧币的12便士）‎ referee [ˌrefəˈri:] n. 裁判员；仲裁者 compromise  [ˈkɔmprəmaiz] ni. & vi. 妥协；折衷 horrible  [ˈhɔrəbl] adj.可怕的；恐怖的 laundry  [ˈlɔ:ndri] n. 洗衣店；洗衣房；（待洗的或洗好的）衣服 bathtub ['bɑ:θtʌb] n. 浴缸；澡盆 sob  [sɔb] vi. 啜泣；抽噎 ‎ ‎ n.啜泣（声）；抽噎（声）‎ waist [weist] n. 腰；腰部；腰围 vest [vest] n. 背心；内衣 disgusting[dis'gʌstiŋ]adj.使人反感的；令人厌恶的 once more 再一次 in need of 需要……‎ ‎△heartily  [ˈhɑ:tili] adv. 尽情地；热心地；痛快地 overlook vt. 俯视；忽视；不理会 alphabet  [ˈælfəbet] n. 字母表 ‎△effective  [iˈfektiv] adj. 有效的 fade [feid] vi. & vt.（使）褪色；减弱；逐渐消失 fade out（声音、画面）逐渐模糊；渐淡 二、单元重要句式回顾：根据括号内要求翻译句子 ‎1．她不愿伤害孩子的感情。(hesitate)‎ She_hesitated_to_hurt_the_child's_feelings.__‎ ‎2．你在哪里与他相识的？ (acquaintance)‎ Where_did_you_make_his_acquaintance?‎ ‎3．就面积和人口来说，俄罗斯是欧洲最大国家。(in terms of)‎ In_terms_of_area_and_population,_Russia_is_the_biggest_country_in_Europe.‎ ‎4．她冒充是美国人。(pass off as)‎ She_passed_herself_off_as_an_American._‎ ‎5．他说他极需要我的帮助。(in need of)‎ He_said_he_was_in_great_need_of_my_assistance.‎ ‎6．那对双胞胎太像了，甚至他们的父母也会认错。(mistake)‎ The_twins_are_so_alike_that_even_their_parents_mistake_one_for_another.‎ ‎7．如再迟到， 你将被开除。(dismiss)‎ If_you're_late_again,_you'll_be_dismissed.‎ ‎8．不要每次遇到你不会的单词或短语就停下来。(every time＋从句)‎ Don't_stop_every_time_you_come_to_a_word_or_phrase_you_don't_know.‎ ‎9．小偷被移交给了警察。(hand over)‎ The_thief_was_handed_over_to_the_police.‎ ‎10．我们无法让他相信他的错误。(convince)‎ We_can't_convince_him_of_his_mistake.‎ 单元综合知识运用 一 完形填空提速训练 When I was in the 8th grade in Ohio, a girl named Helen in my class had a terrible accident. As she was running to the bus ‎ in order not to __1__ it, she slipped on some ice and fell __2__ the rear (后面的) wheels of the bus. She __3__ the accident, but was paralyzed (残疾) from the waist down. I went to see her, in my 13yearold __4__ thinking she wouldn't __5__ normally from then on.‎ Over the years, I __6__ and didn't think much about Helen after that. Three years ago, in Florida, my eldest son was __7__ by a car while riding his bike, causing a __8__ brain injury. While I was looking after my son, a lady who said she was the hospital's __9__ worker called.‎ A short time later, a beautiful woman, in a wheelchair, __10__ into my son's room with a box of tissues. After 16 years, I __11__ recognized Helen. She smiled, handed me the tissues and hugged me. I told her who I was, and after we both __12__ the shock of that, she began to tell me about her life __13__ we last saw each other. She had married, had children and gotten her degree __14__ she could smooth the path for those less __15__ than her. She told me that if there was anything she could give me, it would be __16__.‎ Looking at this wonderful, giving person, I felt __17__. But I also felt the __18__ hope I had felt since learning that my son was hurt. From this person that I thought would have no __19__ of life, I learned that where there is life, there is hope. My son miraculously(不可思议地) recovered and we moved back north, but I owe Helen __20__ that I can never repay. ‎ 语篇解读：一个小女孩在追公交车的时候不幸被公交车的后轮压了，虽然瘫痪了，但是她对生活保持希望，后来成了鼓励他人的榜样。作者后来也受益于她的帮助。‎ ‎1．A.miss　　　　　　　　 B．avoid C．fail D．catch ‎ 解析：选A　她向公交车跑去是为了不错过(miss)这班车。‎ ‎2．A.inside B．beside C．under D．before ‎ 解析：选C　根据后文得知她残疾了，因此是滑倒后被车的后轮压了，因此选under。‎ ‎3．A.endured B．survived C．passed D．escaped ‎ 解析：选B　虽然被车子压了，但是她活了下来。survive the accident “在事故中存活下来”。‎ ‎4．A.experience B．heart C．lesson D．mind ‎ 解析：选D　根据后文的“thinking”可知，13岁的作者在想(mind)，她不能够跟正常人一样生活(live)了。‎ ‎5．A.learn B．live C．talk D．laugh ‎ 解析：选B　参见上题解析。‎ ‎6．A.worried B．moved C．forgot D．grew ‎ 解析：选B　根据上文“in Ohio”和下文“in Florida”可知，作者搬家了(moved)，对以后Helen发生的事情也没有太在意。‎ ‎7．A.hit B．run C．thrown D．knocked ‎ 解析：选A　根据下文“causing a __8__ brain injury”可知，作者的儿子在骑自行车的时候被车撞(hit)了。‎ ‎8．A.deep B．serious C．slight D．little ‎ 解析：选B　作者的儿子被车撞了之后，大脑受到了严重的伤害。serious “严重的”。‎ ‎9．A.social B．part C．extra D．free ‎ 解析：选A　我在照顾我儿子的时候，医院里的社工打电话过来。social worker“社工”。‎ ‎10．A.hurried B．dropped C．rolled D．looked ‎ 解析：选C　这位女士坐在轮椅上，是自己滚动着(rolled)轮椅的轮子进入了我儿子的病房。‎ ‎11．A.already B．still C．almost D．hardly ‎ 解析：选B　根据下文作者介绍了自己得知，虽然很多年过去了，作者还是能认出这位女士就是Helen。‎ ‎12．A.got through B．got back C．got off D．got into ‎ 解析：选A　作者对眼前的Helen的变化感到很震惊，Helen也没想到多年之后能见到作者。两个人心里的震惊平复(got through)之后，开始了交谈。‎ ‎13．A.when B．before C．since D．until ‎ 解析：选C　她跟我讲了自从(since)我们上次见面之后发生在她身上的事情。‎ ‎14．A.so that B．in case C．as if D．even though ‎ 解析：选A　她结了婚，生了子，还取得了学位，这样(so that)，她就给别人树立了榜样，她就能用自己活生生的例子给那些比她还不幸的(less fortunate than)人一些指导。‎ ‎15．A.experienced B．happy C．healthy D．fortunate ‎ 解析：选D　参见上题解析。‎ ‎16．A.help B．hope C．advice D．courage ‎ 解析：选B　结合语境可知，她能给我的建议就是，一定要有希望(hope)，一切都会朝好的方向发展。‎ ‎17．A.great B．encouraged C．hopeful D．small ‎ 解析：选D　根据下文but后的内容“I also felt the __18__ hope”可以知道，本题中不是hopeful，从but中可以知道，作者此处是觉得自己很渺小(small)。‎ ‎18．A.true B．last C．most D．first ‎ 解析：选D　儿子发生车祸之后，作者听了Helen的话，才觉得有了希望。这是她自儿子出事以来第一次有了希望。‎ ‎19．A.suffering B．pleasure C．quality D．meaning ‎ 解析：选C　从Helen的身上，作者的想法发生了改变。本来以为以后会照顾生病的儿子，生活质量(quality)丧失。‎ ‎20．A.appreciation B．awareness C．debt D．success ‎ 解析：选C　从前面的动词owe(欠)以及后文的I can never repay，此处最好的搭配是debt。故选C。‎ 二、阅读理解提速练 Last year Martha had a crazy idea: “Let's go to the shelter and get a dog.” I was not exactly thrilled about the idea but agreed. We went to a California Animal Shelter. We wanted to find a dog and save a life at the same time. While I walked along the rows and rows of cold metal cages, a dog caught my eye. He was scared, weak and looked like he had given up on life.‎ He looked at me with big beautiful eyes. I could see into his soul that he just wanted it to end. I approached his cage. I stuck my finger through the hole in the cage and scratched him on the head. He closed his eyes and accepted all the love. I knew that this dog had never felt love before. I thought he was enjoying every bit of the love I could give him until his time came to leave the Earth.‎ Tears began to stream down my face because I felt everything that this poor creature was feeling right then. He just wanted to be loved; he just wanted a home and a family.‎ I called my wife Martha and son Gabriel over and told them. “We want him.”‎ Now Carson's favorite thing to do is to leap up in the air onto our bed in the morning and give us kisses with his giant tongue. He is always there to greet us when we come home with a huge smile and a wagging tail.‎ Our lives are so much better because of this giant dog. He has shown us more love than any living creature on Earth. I know what's in his big brown eyes: love, compassion and gratitude. Taking a chance on this dog was the best decision my family ever made.‎ 语篇解读：本文讲述了作者一家决定收养一只狗的过程以及这只狗给作者一家带来的欢乐。作者认为收养这只狗是全家作出的最好的决定。‎ ‎1．What's the author's reaction to his wife's proposal?‎ A．He hesitated for a while.‎ B．He was excited about it.‎ C．He agreed with his wife.‎ D．He was scared of it.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，作者对妻子的想法并没有感到兴奋，但是却同意了。‎ ‎2．What caused the author to adopt the dog?‎ A．His sympathy.　　　　　 B．His wife's proposal.‎ C．His interest. D．His wife's tears.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，作者看到这只狗后流泪了，因为作者感受到这只可怜的狗的感觉，所以是作者的同情心促使作者决定收养这只狗。‎ ‎3．What can we infer from the last but one paragraph?‎ A．The dog brings health to the family.‎ B．The dog brings happiness to the family.‎ C．The dog brings lots of hope to the family.‎ D．The dog brings some hobbies to the family.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，这只狗现在最喜欢做的事情就是每天早晨跳到床上亲作者他们，总是在他们回家时用大大的微笑和摇摆的尾巴问候他们。再根据最后一段可知，因为这只狗，作者一家的生活更好了，它给予作者一家更多的爱。由此可推知，这只狗给作者一家带来了快乐。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Do you wish to one day become a great artist? Or maybe you're looking for a career in art and need to improve your skills. __1__， here are some ideas to help you improve your art skills.‎ ‎·One of the most important things in art is practicing You've probably heard it many times already — practice makes perfect. __2__.‎ ‎·Take a few moments each day to study your surroundings Look at the face of the person you're talking to. Notice how the light affects where all the shadows go and the shape of his feature. __3__. These things will help you gain a better understanding of how real objects work, are shaped and will come ‎ in handy when you're drawing.‎ ‎·Learn how to obtain the correct colors and their properties accurately The color concepts are very different than that in grade school basic art. The basic white and black to get shades and tones has a tendency to change the hue (色调) and make it dull and false. __4__.‎ ‎·Look at other artists' works Pay attention to their styles of drawing, so you can expand your viewpoint. And if you want, try copying their styles for a day to get a good idea on it. Also take trips to museums and art exhibits to gain inspiration.‎ ‎·__5__‎ Whether it is a picture in a magazine or a bowl of fruit you set up on your counter, it's a good practice and it'll help you improve a lot.‎ A．Whatever the case may be B．However far you have reached C．Try using a model when you draw D．Try observing the color and light in another perspective when you learn E．Blue and yellow depending on many factors will be brown and not always green F．Observe colors and shadows around you, and take a look at textures or how clothing wrinkles G．Although you can't reach “perfect” in art, practicing drawing every day will help you improve a lot 语篇解读：你希望有朝一日成为艺术家吗？如果你在寻找与艺术有关的工作，而且需要提高技能的话，本文提出的五点建议会对你有所帮助。‎ ‎1．选A　上文的两句提到了两种情况。无论是何种情况，本文中的建议能帮助提高艺术技能。A项所在句在此处承上启下。‎ ‎2．选G　由上文可知，可能你已经听过很多次“熟能生巧”。G项“尽管你达不到艺术上的‘完美’，但是每天练习绘画会帮助你提高许多”承接上文，符合语境。‎ ‎3．选F　上句提到要留意光线如何影响阴影的位置和他的外形。F项与上句共同解释本段主旨“每天花上一些时间研究你周围的事物”。‎ ‎4．选E　上句提到，基础白色和黑色具有改变色调的倾向，并使之沉闷和虚假。E项“在许多因素影响之下，蓝色和黄色在一起会变成褐色，并不总是绿色”承接上句，说明确实如本段首句所说，会有不同。‎ ‎5．选C　空格下一段提到，无论是杂志上的一幅画还是操作台上的一碗水果都可以作为很好的练习对象，可以帮助你提高很多。C项“绘画时尝试使用模特”概括了本段主题，适合作主旨句。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 As a famous productive poet, Lu You from the Song Dynasty wrote more than 20,000 poems in his lifetime. The reason __1__ Lu You could write so much poetry was that he was talented, but more __2__ (important), he also lived a long life. According ‎ to historical records, he lived to be 85 years old, the __3__ (long) living poet in the Song Dynasty.‎ However, Lu You was weak when he was a child. Lu You joined the military as __4__ adviser in his middle ages and __5__ (start) to exercise his body and learn martial arts. After training for two years, Lu You could shoot down a flying eagle __6__ (use) a bow and arrow, and he even killed a tiger.‎ During his later years, Lu You started the body building __7__ (call) chosho, or shouts, a long and loud cry. Chosho was quite popular in ancient __8__ (time), which was not roaring or whistling, but a __9__ (skill) health method. When ancient people did chosho, they opened their body, breathed in deep and then breathed out in rhyme.‎ Chosho can relax your body and put you in a good mood. __10__ Lu You, chosho helped him get rid of diseases and medicine.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇人物介绍，主要介绍了宋朝的著名诗人陆游，他是宋朝最长寿的诗人。本文主要介绍了他长寿的原因。‎ ‎1．why　分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，故用why引导此定语从句。‎ ‎2．importantly　分析句子结构可知，空格处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子。故填importantly。‎ ‎3．longest　根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处表示寿命最长的诗人，应用最高级。故填longest。‎ ‎4．an　此处表示泛指，意为“作为一名顾问”， adviser是可数名词，且其读音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。‎ ‎5．started　结合上下文可知，文章谈论的都是过去的事情，因此空格处应用一般过去时。故填started。‎ ‎6．using　分析句子结构可知，该句的谓语是“could shoot down”，故空格处应用非谓语形式。由于use与主语Lu You之间构成主动关系，故用动词的现在分词形式作方式状语。故填using。‎ ‎7．called　call与被修饰词body building之间构成被动关系，应用其过去分词形式作后置定语。故填called。‎ ‎8．times　空格处表示时代，应用time的复数形式。故填times。‎ ‎9．skillful　空格处修饰名词词组health method，故应用其形容词形式作定语，表示“一种有技巧的健康方式”。故填skillful。‎ ‎10．For　此处指“对于陆游来说，长啸帮助他摆脱了疾病和药物”。空格处表示“对于……”，故用介词For。‎ Ⅳ.应用文写作 假定你是李明。你所在的班级将举行毕业告别派对(graduation farewell party), 请你给外教Mr Robinson 写一封邀请信，内容包括：‎ ‎1．时间：周日下午5点；‎ ‎2．地点：学校餐厅；‎ ‎3．活动安排：享用晚餐，观看演出，分享美好回忆等等。‎ 注意：1.词数80左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 参考范文：‎ Dear Mr Robinson，‎ I am writing to invite you to attend our graduation farewell party, which will be held at the school canteen at 5 p．m. this Sunday. During the party, we will enjoy dinner, play games and appreciate performances together. Then there will come the most important part of the party: sharing the unforgettable moments in the past three years. ‎ We would be greatly honored by your presence. If you accept our sincere invitation, please inform us at your earliest convenience, enabling us to make some necessary preparations.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Ming