2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit2Cloning单元学案（30页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit2Cloning单元学案（30页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit 2Cloning单元学案 单元基础词汇语法过关复习 一、单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017年新课标Ⅱ卷·语法填空)It had whitepainted tunnels and bright red carriages，and proved extremely ________ (pop) with the public.‎ ‎2．His explanation was not ________ (reason), so all of us didn't accept it.‎ ‎3．Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no ________ (object) to it.‎ ‎4．The purpose of education is not only the ________ of knowledge, it also means ________ intelligence as well as abilities.(accumulate)‎ ‎5．Don't let yourself __________ (cast) down by a small failure in the experiment; try again.‎ ‎6．(2017年新课标Ⅱ卷·阅读理解A)One of the most famous theatres in Georgia，the Marjanishvili，founded in 1928，appears ________ (regular) at theater festivals all over the world.‎ ‎7．His parents tried to persuade him not to give up his wellpaid job, but their efforts were ________ vain.‎ ‎8．________ (retire) from business, he joins the club for old men and plays chess every day there.‎ ‎9．Many people object to ________ (keep) waiting.‎ ‎10．She could ________ (obtain) full marks in this exam.However, her carelessness led to her failure.‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1．(2017年江苏卷·阅读理解D)We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard, but to a constantly shifting set of condition.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．(2017年北京卷·阅读理解C)The resistant to vaccine has continued for decades，and it is driven by a real but very small risk.Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．The athlete's years of hard training paid back when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesn't matter you have lived there for a short or a long time.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．I wasn't blaming anyone；I merely said errors as this could be avoided.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎6．Writing out all the invitations in hand was more timeconsuming than we had expected.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎7．He is a successful businessman；he owes his success more for luck than to ability.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎8．Large quantities of information, as well as some timely help, have offered since the organization was built.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎9．He has a strong objection to smoke in public places, especially with females present.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎10．Mother made a promise if I passed the college entrance examination, she would buy me a mobile phone.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 三、完形填空 ‎(2016年济南市高考模拟)‎ It had been a nice and sunny day.I stepped slowly towards the edge of the cliff and looked out.The __1__ was wonderful.I could __2__ the gentle wind coming from the coast while watching the brilliant sunset.‎ My dad and I used to enjoy the sunset together on that very __3__.We would also watch the waves crash into the __4__ below.My mother would always annoy us how __5__ it was.I was never worried, __6__ I always felt safe next to my father, who spent most of his life out __7__ in his boat.‎ I remember one time on his boat I had __8__ off the back and into the cold water accidentally.My dad immediately jumped off to __9__ me.I would never forget that day, and from that point I knew __10__ would prevent my dad protecting me if I was in danger.‎ As I __11__ there on top of the cliff, I remembered the times I spent with my dad.I looked down sorrowfully at the urn (骨灰瓮) __12__.My father was my rock, someone I could __13__ when I needed him most.But now he was gone, and I felt sorrowful and __14__.‎ It had always been my father's last __15__ to have his ashes scattered out at sea.I __16__ the urn, said a __17__ farewell (告别), and then slowly twisted off the lid.The wind started to change __18__， blowing out towards the sea.I looked last time down at my father's ashes and then __19__ for a moment.Finally, I scattered the contents over the cliff.‎ I wiped away tears, but it was perfect happiness rather than sadness, because I finally knew the man who __20__ so much to me, my father, was finally at peace.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎1．A.journey B．condition C．view D．food ‎2．A.see B．feel C．hear D．smell ‎3．A.spot B．river C．field D．moment ‎4．A.wind B．rubbish C．walls D．rocks ‎5．A.embarrassing B．interesting C．beautiful D．dangerous ‎6．A.because B．when C．if D．though ‎7．A.at peace B．at rest C．at sunset D．at sea ‎8．A.jumped B．fallen C．dived D．swam ‎9．A.comfort B．search C．rescue D．follow ‎10．A.everything B．something C．nothing D．anything ‎11．A.stood B．lay C．hanged D．slept ‎12．A.under my arm B．in my hand C．on my shoulder D．around my neck ‎13．A.care for B．learn from C．depend on D．turn down ‎14．A.fearless B．hopeless C．careless D．shameless ‎15．A.chance B．behavior C．ambition D．wish ‎16．A.looked back on B．looked out for C．looked down at D．looked up to ‎17．A.silent B．shocking C．sudden D．strange ‎18．A.speed B．distance C．force D．direction ‎19．A.screamed B．hesitated C．laughed D．complained ‎20．A.helped B．meant C．owed D．did 四、语法填空 ‎ ‎(2017年广东深圳第一次联考)‎ Is there such a thing as being “overprotective”？‎ I can honestly say that my answer to that question 1.________ (change) dramatically (戏剧性地) since I became a parent.‎ Before the birth of my daughter, I taught at 2.________ private school, often viewing my students as overprotected, worrying 3.________ would happen when they went on to middle schools.‎ Some did fine, and some did not.Some needed constant pats on the back, words of 4.________ (encourage) and extra support, which I 5.________ (happy) gave.Others were content on their own, needing little or no interaction (互动) with their teacher.6.________ for the most part, graduates would go on for higher schooling.‎ I'd always supposed their parents were overprotective, for they were the ones that still walked their 7.________ (five) graders into the classroom and met them at the school gate.‎ Admittedly, I laughed at those parents, 8.________ (think) their children would never learn to be 9.________ (independence) if they didn't let go just a little.Then I had my own daughter.The moment I looked at her little face, I 10.________ (know) I'd do everything in my power to protect her and make sure she always felt safe!‎ 五、阅读理解 ‎“Walt Disney World is banning selfiesticks from its theme parks because selfiesticks have become a growing safety concern for both our guests and cast，” Disney World spokeswoman Kim Prunty said.‎ Under a new policy, which takes effect Tuesday, the poles won't make it pass the bag check at any Disney World theme park.The sticks also won't be allowed in Disney World water parks or Disney Quest, a gaming attraction at Downtown Disney.Selfiesticks will also become forbidden at Disneyland Resort in California on June 30.The prohibition begins at Disney's parks in Paris and Hong Kong on July 1.‎ Guests will be checked for the equipment during the routine bag check that happens near the parks' entrances.They will have an option of turning in their selfiesticks for pickup later or to go back to their cars or hotel rooms to keep them.Visitors will be told of the policy in locations such as the parking lots and at the resort's hotels.The prohibition will be added to the park rules post on Disney World's website.‎ The issue has been building at Disney.Previously, the sticks were prohibited from its rides, and “no selfiesticks” signs were at select rides, such as Big Thunder Mountain Railroad at Magic Kingdom.Cast members have given oral warnings to rule breakers.‎ Selfiestick users put smartphones and cameras on the ends of poles to extend their reach, frequently capturing themepark moments through selfportraits.The tools have been banned in public places—including some museums and stadiums—worldwide for obstructing views or causing safety issues.‎ Disney World already prohibits items such as skateboards, inline skates, wagon, folding chairs and glass containers, according to its official website, which also lists “other items that we determine may be harmful”．‎ Universal Orlando has banned selfiesticks and other loose items from certain thrill rides at Universal Studios and Islands of Adventure theme parks, but it has not set parkwide bans.‎ ‎1．Which of the following objects has already been banned in Disney theme parks before the new policy takes effect?‎ A．Smartphones. B．Folding chairs.‎ C．Cameras. D．Containers.‎ ‎2．According to the ban, if the guests are found carrying selfiesticks during the routine bag check, they may ________.‎ A．abandon them at the bag check B．get fined and pick them up later C．turn them in to the police D．put them in the trunk of their cars ‎3．The underlined word in the fifth paragraph probably means “ ________ ”．‎ A．changing B．broadening C．blocking D．narrowing ‎4．According to the passage, it can be inferred that ________.‎ A．the ban on the use of selfiesticks is aimed at ensuring security B．previously guests can take photos with selfiesticks on thrill rides C．the staff in Disneyland will inform visitors of the ban only orally D．Universal Orlando has banned selfiesticks parkwide 能力检测答案 一、1.popular　2.reasonable　3.objection ‎4 accumulation; accumulating　5.be cast ‎6．regularly　7.in　8.Having retired ‎9．being kept　10.have obtained 二、1.condition→conditions　2.resistant→resistance ‎3．back→off　4.matter后加whether　5.as→like ‎6．in→by　7.for→to　8.have后加been　‎ ‎9．smoke→smoking　10.promise后加that 三、本文通过回忆和父亲在生活中的点点滴滴来表达“我”对父亲的怀念。‎ ‎1．C　根据上一句 “I stepped slowly towards the edge of the cliff and looked out.” 和下一句中的 “the brilliant sunset” 可知，作者看到的是风景，故 view “风景”符合语境。‎ ‎2．B　“我”能感受到温和的海风。feel感受。故选B。‎ ‎3．A　句意：我和父亲以前经常一起在那个地方欣赏日落。 spot地点。故选A。‎ ‎4．D　句意：我们会看到海浪冲击下面的岩石。rock岩石。故选D。‎ ‎5．D　句意：母亲总是会生我们的气，(因为)那样看日落太危险了。dangerous危险的。故选D。‎ ‎6．A　句意：我从不担心，因为当我在父亲身边的时候，总是感觉很安全。根据语境可知，此处需用 because 引导原因状语从句。‎ ‎7．D　“我”父亲的大部分时间是在海上他的船上度过的。 at peace处于和平状态；at rest安息，静止的；at sunset日落时；at ‎ sea在海上。根据语境可知选D。‎ ‎8．B　根据下文的“accidentally”可判断，“我”掉进海里了，故 fall“落下，掉下”符合语境。‎ ‎9．C　句意：父亲马上跳下船去救我。 comfort安慰；search搜寻；rescue营救；follow跟随。根据语境可知选C。‎ ‎10．C　从那时起，“我”认识到，如果自己遇上危险，没有任何东西能阻止父亲去保护“我”。故选C。‎ ‎11．A　句意：当我站在悬崖的顶端。 stand站立；lie躺，撒谎；hang 的过去式为hanged时意为“上吊，绞死”；sleep睡觉。根据语境可知选A。‎ ‎12．B　句意：我很悲痛地看着手里的骨灰瓮。故 in my hand “在我的手里”符合语境。‎ ‎13．C　句意：当我非常需要他时，父亲是我可依靠的人。 care for照看；learn from从……学到；depend on依靠，信赖；turn down拒绝，关小。根据语境可知选C。‎ ‎14．B　句意：但是现在他已离我而去，我感到悲伤和绝望。 fearless无畏的；hopeless绝望的；careless粗心的；shameless无耻的。根据语境可知选B。‎ ‎15．D　句意：将骨灰撒在大海一直以来都是我父亲的愿望。 chance机会；behavior行为；ambition雄心；wish愿望。根据语境可知选D。‎ ‎16．C　句意：我向下看了看手里的骨灰瓮，默默地向它告别，然后慢慢旋开盖子。 look back on回顾；look out for留心；look down at向下看；look up to尊敬。根据语境可知选C。根据本段中的“I looked last time down at my father's ashes”也可得出答案。‎ ‎17．A　参见上题解析。silent沉默的，无言的。故选A。‎ ‎18．D　海风开始改变方向。 direction方向，符合语境。 speed速度；distance距离；force武力。‎ ‎19．B　句意：我犹豫了一会儿。hesitate犹豫。故选B。‎ ‎20．B　句意：因为我最终意识到这个对我非常重要的男人，我的父亲终于得到了安宁。mean sth.to sb.对某人有价值或重要，符合语境。‎ 四、本文是一篇议论文。在作者当老师时，认为家长对学生过度关怀，同时，对一些家长的做法表示不理解，比如上小学五年级的孩子还需接送。但是，在自己成为家长之后，作者才明白自己也一定会倾其所有去呵护自己的女儿。‎ ‎1．has changed　since常常与现在完成时连用，且主语为“answer”，是单数形式，故谓语用现在完成时。故填has changed。‎ ‎2．a　分析句子成分可知，“school”是可数名词，前面的形容词“private”做定语，且在文中第一次提到，所以此处应用不定冠词，泛指“一所私立学校”；且private以辅音音素开头。故填a。‎ ‎3．what　分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，做动词“worrying”的宾语，且引导词在宾语从句中做主语，指物，故应用what引导该从句。故填what。‎ ‎4．encouragement　根据词法知识可知，介词of后面应用名词形式，encourage的名词形式是encouragement，与后文的“support”词性一致。故填encouragement。‎ ‎5．happily　根据词法知识可知，空格处修饰动词“gave”，应用happy的副词形式。故填happily。‎ ‎6．But　上文列举了不同学生的性格。根据下文“for the most part”可知，此处与上文形成转折。故填But。‎ ‎7．fifth　根据语境可知，此处表达的是五年级的学生，所以应该用序数词fifth。故填fifth。‎ ‎8．thinking　分析句子结构可知，此处“think”的动作是由主语“I”发出的，表示主动，所以应用现在分词短语做伴随状语。故填thinking。‎ ‎9．independent　根据语法知识可知，系动词be后常常用形容词做表语，所以该空应用independence的形容词形式。故填independent。‎ ‎10．knew　分析句子结构可知，空格处为该句的谓语动词，与上文的时间状语从句的时态应保持一致，所以此处也应用一般过去时。故填knew。‎ 五、本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了迪斯尼乐园禁止其各大主题公园使用自拍杆的相关情况。‎ ‎1．B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，在新政策生效前，迪斯尼主题公司已禁止使用的包括折叠椅。故选B。‎ ‎2．D　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，游客可将其放到车子的后备箱。故选D。‎ ‎3．C　词义猜测题。根据第五段最后一句及常识可推知，高高举起的自拍杆将会遮住游客的视线且存在安全隐患，故画线词“obstructing”意为“阻碍”。block意为“阻止”，与其意思最接近。故选C。‎ ‎4．A　推理判断题。根据第一段并结合第五段最后一句“The tools have been banned...causing safety issues.”可知，迪斯尼乐园禁用自拍杆是为了保证游客安全。故选A。‎ 单元综合知识运用检测 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ A ‎(2018·南昌调研)After the long winter, there're plenty of things going on in Amsterdam, the Netherlands for both the visitor and the resident.Check out our guide to Amsterdam museum exhibitions below.‎ Hermitage Amsterdam Exhibition 1917. From Romanov to Revolution is expected to open 11 Feb. and runs until 17 Sept. The Outsider Art Museum (in the Hermitage Amsterdam) includes worldclass art works by Dutch and international outsider artists such as Shinichi Sawada.‎ Stedelijk Jean Tinguely — Machine Spectacle, overview of work from the Swiss artist known for his kinetic art (动态艺术)．Runs 1 Oct. to 5 Mar. Jordan Wolfson — Truth/Love, presentation of work from the American artist who explores the increasing digitalisation of society.Runs 4 Mar. to 7 May Ed van der Elsken — Camera in Love, large public exhibition of the work of the most important Dutch photographer of the 20th century.Scheduled for 4 Feb. to 28 May.‎ National Holocaust Museum The newly opened museum presents Tangible Memories from the Jewish monument, exhibition of objects, photos and documents of people affected by the Holocaust (大屠杀)．Opened 2 Sept.2016, ongoing until the end of 2019.‎ Dutch Resistance Museum Between 1940 and 1945 the Netherlands was occupied by Nazi Germany.Five Dutch chefs have taken on the challenge of creating dishes ‎ using only ingredients that were available during the occupation.Food in Wartime offers a particular insight into daily life during this time.Learn more and have a look at the modern chefs' creations at the Dutch Resistance Museum from 15 Oct. until May.‎ 语篇解读：本文是应用文。文章介绍了荷兰首都阿姆斯特丹的一些博物馆举办的主题展览。‎ ‎21．Whose works are about technology?‎ A．Jordan Wolfson. B．Shinichi Sawada.‎ C．Jean Tinguely. D．Ed van der Elsken.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Jordan Wolfson — Truth/Love, presentation of work from the American artist who explores the increasing digitalisation of society”可知，主题展Truth/Love展出的是Jordan Wolfson的作品，其作品探索日益数字化的社会，属于科技范畴，故选A。‎ ‎22．Which exhibition lasts the longest?‎ A．Exhibition 1917. B．Machine Spectacle.‎ C．Camera in Love. D．Tangible Memories.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据选项中的四个主题展各自持续的时间“open 11 Feb. and runs until 17 Sept.”“Runs 1 Oct. to 5 Mar.”“Scheduled for 4 Feb. to 28 May”“Opened 2 Sept.2016, ongoing until the end of 2019”及“from 15 Oct. until May”可知，National Holocaust Museum举办的主题展Tangible Memories持续的时间是最长的，故选D。‎ ‎23．What type of writing is this passage?‎ A．An art show review. B．An exhibition guide.‎ C．An official report. D．A news report.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文是一个展览手册，介绍了阿姆斯特丹的一些博物馆举办的主题展览。故选B。‎ B ‎(2018·青岛质检)When it comes to writing work emails, there are many rules to follow.In the past, people always wanted to come across as someone who's calm and professional, which workplace manners experts say means they wanted to hold back their love for emoticons (表情符号) while on the job.‎ But language is always changing, and a recent national survey in the US found that 76 percent of Americans said that they had used emoticons in digital communication at work.The most popular emoticon is the happy face.‎ Lindsey Pollak, a US career coach who works with Millennials (千禧一代), has also noticed that emoticons have gone from being inappropriate for the workplace to being accepted.The reason behind this, according to her, is largely due to the changing of people in a particular age group of the workforce.Millennials are now the biggest generation in the American workforce.“A few years ago, emoticons were absolutely seen as very young and very personal，” Pollak said.“Over the past few years ... I've seen emoticons become more acceptable.I see them more frequently not only from Millennials but from all generations at the workplace.”‎ ‎“People tend to use emoticons to just add that little bit of extra change in the tone when there's something awkward or potentially offensive, or when they might take in things in the wrong way，” explains Lauren Collister, a sociolinguist.In life and work, many of us have used emoticons to send positive atmosphere or soften statements.‎ Pollak, however, warns against being too causal at work.Her advice ‎ is to be aware of who the audience is.“Frankly, I wouldn't use a happy face with any CEO in the US.I wouldn't use a happy face with the people of a certain level no matter how commonplace and acceptable it has become，” she said.“You can make or break a relationship with one email these days.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍了表情符号在工作邮件中的使用越来越流行的原因以及人们对此要注意的方面。‎ ‎24．What does the author say about past working people?‎ A．They were calm and professional.‎ B．They used more serious emoticons.‎ C．They were not fond of emoticons.‎ D．They avoided using emoticons at the workplace.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“they wanted to hold back their love for emoticons (表情符号) while on the job”可知，以前的职员在工作中抑制自己对表情符号的喜爱，即避免使用表情符号。故选D。‎ ‎25．What can people use emoticons to do at the workplace?‎ A．Make it personal to communicate.‎ B．Keep up with the trend of the times.‎ C．Show a positive attitude to the receiver.‎ D．Help them share their ideas and feelings.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，当尴尬或者可能冒犯别人的事情发生时，或者可能误解了某事时，人们往往会使用表情符号来稍微改变一下语气，传达积极的交流氛围或者让表达变得缓和。也就是说，在工作场合，人们可以通过表情符号来向接收者表达自己积极的态度。故选C。‎ ‎26．What can we learn from the last paragraph?‎ A．Emoticons should be used with caution.‎ B．There are strict limitations on emoticon using.‎ C．All the US CEOs are against the use of emoticons.‎ D．Emoticons can greatly help bring people closer.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Pollak, however, warns against being too causal at work.”“I wouldn't use a happy face with any CEO in the US.I wouldn't use a happy face with the people of a certain level”“You can make or break a relationship with one email these days”可知，人们在使用表情符号时要谨慎，要分场合分人，不能随意使用表情符号。‎ ‎27．What's the writer's attitude towards the use of emoticons at work?‎ A．Subjective. B．Objective.‎ C．Doubtful. D．Opposing.‎ 解析：选B　观点态度题。纵观全文可知，作者既谈到了表情符号的流行及作用，也谈到了人们在使用表情符号时需要注意的地方。因此作者的态度是客观的，故选B。‎ C Wearable sensors (传感器) could one day interpret the gestures in sign language and translate them into English, providing a hightech solution to communication problems between deaf people and those who don't understand sign language.‎ Engineers at Texas A&M University are developing a wearable device that can sense movement and muscle activity in a person's arms.The device works by figuring out the gestures a person is making by using two sets of sensors: one that responds to the motion of the wrist and the other to the muscular movements in the arm.A program then ‎ wirelessly receives this information and changes the data into the English translation.“Most of the technology was based on vision or camerabased solutions，” said study lead researcher Roozbeh Jafari, an associate professor of biomedical engineering at Texas A&M University.‎ These existing designs, Jafari said, are not enough, because often when someone is talking with sign language, he or she is using hand gestures combined with specific finger movements.“I thought maybe we should look into combining motion sensors and muscle activation，”Jafari told Live Science.“And the idea here was to build a wearable device.”‎ The researchers built a system that can recognize words that people use most commonly in their daily conversations.Jafari said that once the team starts expanding the program, the engineers will include more words that are less frequently used, in order to build up a more substantial vocabulary.‎ One drawback of it is that the system has to be “trained” to respond to each individual that wears the device, Jafari said.This training process involves asking the user to repeat or do each hand gesture a couple of times, which can take up to 30 minutes to complete.‎ 语篇解读：得克萨斯农工大学的工程师正在研发一种可穿戴设备：它能利用传感器感应腕部和手臂的动作，并将其转译成英语。这将为失聪者和不懂手语的人提供方便。‎ ‎28．How does the new device work?‎ A．By figuring out gestures from fingers.‎ B．By connecting the wrist and the fingers.‎ C．By linking the arm and the fingers.‎ D．By collecting information from the wrist and the arm.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，该设备配有两套传感装置：一套感应腕部的动作，另一套感应手臂肌肉的动作。故选D项。‎ ‎29．The researchers eventually decided on a wearable device to________.‎ A．make it easier to monitor the gestures when people are talking B．make the translation process faster C．compete with existing designs D．make it userfriendly 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段的内容和第二段第一句可知，研究人员决定研制可穿戴设备是为了使失聪者和不懂手语的人交流时更方便监测各种手势。‎ ‎30．We can replace the underlined word in Paragraph 4 by “________”．‎ A．necessary B．influential C．extensive D．essential 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文的“... expanding the program, the engineers will include more words that are less frequently used ...”可知，目前这一设备只收录了最常用的词汇，将来还会收录更多低频使用的词汇，由此可知，substantial在此表示“大量的”。extensive意为“广泛的；大量的”。故选C项。‎ ‎31．What can we infer from the text?‎ A．The device has greatly increased in sales.‎ B．The device still requires much improvement.‎ C．We should work out of 30 minutes.‎ D．We should be trained to respond quickly.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“This training process involves asking the user to repeat or do each hand gesture a couple of times, which can take up to 30 minutes to complete.”可知，要使用这一设备，使用者需要先把所有的手势做几遍，这是该设备的缺陷，由此可推测，该设备还有改进的空间。‎ D ‎(2018·浙江名校协作体联考)The history of Teachers' Day traces back to the Han Dynasty (206 BC － 220 AD). According to the record, during the Han and Jin dynasties, on August 27 each year, the birthday of Confucius, the emperor would go to the Confucius' temple and pay tribute (敬意) to the ancient philosopher followed by court officials, and would also invite royal teachers to the imperial court for a banquet. On this day, teachers around the nation enjoyed a day's vacation and were given dried meat as gifts.‎ The capital, all states and counties would also hold ceremonies to worship Confucius. Excellent performing teachers would be chosen from academies and learning institutions nationwide, reporting to the royal court and given 500 liang (两) silver coins as awards.‎ Until the Qing Dynasty, the ceremony, on August 27, was of a larger scale. The teachers' salaries in schools and academies around the nation were raised, and wellperforming teachers would be awarded official titles or promoted to higher positions.‎ Normally, an ancient teacher's income included salary, accommodation and festival gifts. There was no fixed tuition fee. Generally the parents paid teachers according to their household income. Both money and basic foodstuff could be paid in exchange for tuition.‎ In private schools, teachers always received money or gifts from the ‎ host family at certain festivals or at the beginning and end of each semester.‎ The festivals in which teachers received gifts varied from region to region, while the most valued ones were the Duanwu, MidAutumn and Chinese New Year festivals, as well as Confucius' birthday and the private tutor's birthday.‎ Among all the giftgiving festivals, the first meeting gift was a must. When students met their private tutors for the first time, they had to kneel down to Confucius' spirit tablet and then to their private tutors, before presenting a “gift”．‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文，主要介绍了中国教师节的历史，包括其由来、礼仪等。‎ ‎32．The passage mainly talks about ________.‎ A．the teachers in ancient China B．the Teachers' Day in ancient China C．the teachers' high positions in ancient China D．the teachers' salaries in ancient China 解析：选B　主旨大意题。根据全文大意可知，本文主要讲了中国教师节的历史，包括其由来、礼仪等。所以选B。‎ ‎33．How long has the Teachers' Day been in China?‎ A．1,500 － 2,500 years.‎ B．2,000 － 3,000 years.‎ C．3,000 － 4,000 years.‎ D．4,000 － 5,000 years.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段的第一句“The history of Teachers' Day traces back to the Han Dynasty (206 BC－220 AD)”‎ 可知，应选A。‎ ‎34．What is the special gift for the teachers on the Teachers' Day during the Han and Jin dynasties?‎ A．A higher position. B．A day free.‎ C．500 liang silver coins. D．Days' vacation.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“On this day, teachers around the nation enjoyed a day's vacation and were given dried meat as gifts”可知，在教师节这一天，全国的教师都可以休假一天，并且得到肉干作为礼物。‎ ‎35．What's the main idea of the last four paragraphs?‎ A．Where teachers could get gifts in ancient China.‎ B．Why teachers got gifts in ancient China.‎ C．How teachers were presented with gifts in ancient China.‎ D．When teachers received gifts in ancient China.‎ 解析：选C　段落大意题。文章后四段主要介绍了教师收学生礼物的情况，在哪些时间和场合收礼。A、D两项都只提到一方面，应排除。B项文章未提及。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ Being successful in an exam is not just about studying hard and knowing the subject inside out. __36__‎ Research has shown that the calmer the mind, the better its ability to register and remember information. __37__ When the mind is relaxed, it is in the “state of alpha”， where your brain waves are at about seven to fourteen cycles per second, the most helpful state for studying.‎ Choose a quiet place for studying and have everything handy that you need: books, pens, and something to drink. __38__ In this case, you can see yourself being congratulated by your family, friends and teachers.‎ ‎ Enjoy the experience. And now you should be completely charged up and ready to absorb and keep important information.‎ ‎__39__ It is a good idea to make a list of all the important things you have to learn, in order of importance, and estimate how much time you need for each one. Add it all up and compare this with how much time you have available. This will tell you if you have time to read slowly and carefully, or if you can only skim; also it will show you how many times you can afford to look over the same information.‎ Because stress can have a negative effect on your memory, it's important to stay calm during tests. __40__ Breathing exercises during the examination, for example, can be extremely effective in helping you relax and reverse your stress response: just take deep breaths, and let the stress come out when you exhale (呼气)．‎ A．Learn to both read between lines and skim.‎ B．Ensure that you sleep and eat well before a test.‎ C．Relax your body and mind and imagine the day of the results.‎ D．There are some stress relief techniques that can help to calm you down.‎ E．There are other things that you can do to help ensure you get good grades.‎ F．Every time you sit down to study, give yourself five minutes to calm your mind.‎ G．Depending on what you want to study, and how much you have to cover, plan your time.‎ ‎36．解析：选E　从文章篇章结构分析，本空应选择一个起承上启下作用的句子，故E项“‎ 还有其他你可以做的事情，以帮助确保你能取得好成绩”符合语境。‎ ‎37．解析：选F　根据第二段中的“the calmer the mind, the better its ability”“When the mind is relaxed”可知，本段的内容是有关放松大脑的。故F项“你每次坐下来学习的时候，给自己五分钟的时间来放松大脑”符合语境。‎ ‎38．解析：选C　根据第三段中的“In this case, you can see yourself being congratulated by your family, friends and teachers”可知，空处应是有关想象的内容。故C项“放松你的身体和大脑，想象一下出成绩的那天”符合语境。‎ ‎39．解析：选G　根据本段中的“Add it all up and compare this with how much time you have available. This will tell you if you have time to read ...”可知，本段强调的是“合理安排时间”方面的内容。故G项“根据你想要学习的东西和你要处理的东西的多少来安排你的时间”符合语境。‎ ‎40．解析：选D　根据空后的“Breathing exercises during the examination ... let the stress come out when you exhale (呼气)”可知，此处强调舒缓压力的技巧。故D项“有一些缓解压力的技巧可以帮助你冷静下来”符合语境。‎ 第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ Twenty years ago, I was told a story of Little Brother at a party which has delighted and inspired me ever since.‎ Little Brother, who was an ambitious painter and trying to be an artist, went to France to __41__ himself with beauty and inspiration. One afternoon, he __42__ a conversation in a cafe with a group of charming young people. They took a liking to Little Brother and invited him to a ‎ party that weekend in a __43__ in the Loire Valley. It would be __44__ by the rich and famous and by several crowned heads of Europe. Best of all, it was a masquerade ball (假面舞会). ‎ ‎__45__， Little Brother worked all week on a costume and held back on neither the details nor the craziness of this creation. Then he rented a car and drove three hours to the castle. Little Brother entered the ballroom, head __46__ high.‎ Upon which he immediately realized his __47__.‎ This was __48__ a costume party but he had missed one detail in __49__： This was a themed costume party. The theme was “a medieval court” __50__ Little Brother was dressed as a lobster (龙虾)．‎ He stood at the top of the steps for one long, horrible moment. Running away in __51__ seemed like the most dignified response. But he didn't run. __52__， he found his resolve. He'd come this far, after all. He'd worked tremendously hard to make this costume, and he was __53__ of it. He took a deep breath and walked onto the dance floor.‎ As he moved into the crowd, a silence __54__. The other guests gathered around Little Brother. Finally someone asked him what on earth he was.‎ Little Brother bowed deeply and __55__， “I am the court lobster.”‎ Then: laughter.‎ Not ridicule — just __56__. They loved him. They loved his sweetness, his weirdness, his giant red claws, his skinny legs in his bright tights. He was the trickster among them, and he __57__ the party. Little Brother even ended up dancing with the queen of Belgium.‎ I have never created anything in my life that did not make me feel like I was the guy who just walked into a fancy ball wearing a homemade lobster costume. But you must __58__ walk into that room, and you must ‎ hold your head high. Never __59__ for it, never explain it away, and never be ashamed of it. You did your best with what you knew, and you worked with what you had, in the time you were given.‎ Sometimes it's like that. What you absolutely must not do is walk out. Otherwise you will miss the party, and that would be a pity __60__ we did not come all this great distance, and make all this great effort, only to miss the party at the last moment.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了有关Little Brother，一个有志向的画家的故事。作者通过这个故事告诉我们即使在生活中遇到很尴尬的事也不能因此放弃体验最美好的东西的机会。‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎41．A.occupy B．surround C．content D．busy 解析：选B　根据上文中的“trying to be an artist”可知，Little Brother去法国是为了让自己接触到美和灵感。surround oneself with为固定结构，意为“和某人/某事物在一起/为伍”，符合语境。A项意为“占据”；C项意为“使满足”；D项意为“使忙于”，均不符合语境。故答案选B。‎ ‎42．A.struck up B．put up C．followed up D．drew up 解析：选A　根据空格后的“a conversation in a cafe with a group of charming young people”可知，此处指Little Brother在咖啡馆和一群年轻人交谈。strike up a conversation with sb.为固定结构，意为“攀谈，和某人交谈起来”，符合语境。B项意为“举起，张贴”；C项意为“跟进，采取后续行动”；D项意为“起草，拟定”，均不符合语境。故答案选A。‎ ‎43．A.resort B．palace C．reserve D．castle 解析：选D　根据第三段第二句“Then he rented a car and drove three hours to the castle.”可知，舞会是在一个城堡里举行的。D项意为“城堡”，符合语境。A项意为“度假胜地”；B项意为“宫殿”；C项意为“保护区”，均不符合语境。故答案选D。‎ ‎44．A.constructed B．exploited C．attended D．inspired 解析：选C　根据空格后的“by the rich and famous and by several crowned heads of Europe”可知，参加这场舞会的都是富人和名人。C项意为“参加”，符合语境。A项意为“建设”；B项意为“剥削，利用”；D项意为“鼓励”，均不符合语境。故答案选C。‎ ‎45．A.Excited B．Tired C．Frustrated D．Terrified 解析：选A　根据空格后的“Little Brother worked all week on a costume ... on neither the details nor the craziness of this creation.”可知，Little Brother对去参加舞会感到很兴奋。A项意为“兴奋的”，符合语境。B项意为“疲劳的”；C项意为“沮丧的”；D项意为“非常害怕的”，均不符合语境。故答案选A。‎ ‎46．A.pulled B．reached C．stuck D．held 解析：选D　根据上文可知，Little Brother为这次舞会的服装做了精心的准备并进行了创新，他很自信，所以他走进去的时候头昂得很高。D项“使保持(某个位置)”，符合语境。A项意为“拉”；B项意为“到达，够到”；C项意为“粘贴，戳，刺”‎ ‎，均不符合语境。故答案选D。‎ ‎47．A.dream B．ambition C．mistake D．potential 解析：选C　根据下文可知，Little Brother不知道这是一个以“中世纪法庭”为主题的化装舞会，故此处指他意识到自己犯了一个错误。C项意为“错误”，符合语境。A项意为“梦想”；B项意为“志向”；D项意为“潜能”，均不符合语境。故答案选C。‎ ‎48．A.otherwise B．indeed C．yet D．just 解析：选B　根据下文中的“This was a themed costume party.”可知，此处指这的确是一个化装舞会。B项意为“当然，确实”，符合语境。A项意为“否则”；C项意为“然而”；D项意为“仅仅，只”，均不符合语境。故答案选B。‎ ‎49．A.realization B．translation C．description D．expression 解析：选B　根据上文可知，Little Brother并不是法国人，所以此处指他在翻译上错过了一个细节。B项意为“翻译，转化”，符合语境。A项意为“认识，领悟”；C项意为“描述”；D项意为“表达”，均不符合语境。故答案选B。‎ ‎50．A.when B．until C．while D．as 解析：选C　根据空格前后句意可知，舞会的主题是“中世纪法庭”，而Little Brother却穿得像一只龙虾。前后两句为转折关系。C项意为“而，然而”，符合语境。故答案选C。‎ ‎51．A.surprise B．relief C．peace D．shame 解析：选D　根据上文可知，Little Brother因为忽视了一个细节，导致他穿错了服装，此处指似乎这时候羞愧地逃走才是有尊严的反应。D项意为“羞愧”，符合语境。A项意为“惊讶”；B项意为“释放，缓解”；C项意为“和平”，均不符合语境。故答案选D。‎ ‎52．A.Somehow B．Anyway C．Meanwhile D．Therefore 解析：选A　根据空格后的“he found his resolve”可知，他没有逃走，不知为何，他发现了自己留下来的决心。A项意为“不知怎么地”，符合语境。B项意为“无论如何”；C项意为“与此同时”；D项意为“因此”，均不符合语境。故答案选A。‎ ‎53．A.ignorant B．sceptical C．proud D．tolerant 解析：选C　根据上文中的“He'd worked tremendously hard to make this costume”可知，此处指他对自己投入很多精力所做的服装感到自豪。be proud of意为“对……自豪”，符合语境。A项意为“无知的”；B项意为“怀疑的”；D项意为“容忍的”，均不符合语境。故答案选C。‎ ‎54．A.exploded B．fell C．approached D．deepened 解析：选B　根据上文可知，因为这次舞会的主题是“中世纪法庭”，但Little Brother却穿了一套龙虾的服装。所以当他走到人群中时，大家都安静下来。B项意为“进入(某种状态)”，符合语境。A项意为“爆炸”；C项意为“靠近”；D项意为“加深”，均不符合语境。故答案选B。‎ ‎55．A.admitted B．defined C．whispered D．announced 解析：选D　根据空格后的“I am the court lobster.”可知，此处指Little Brother深深鞠了一躬，然后宣布：“我就是法庭上的龙虾”。D项意为“宣布”，符合语境。A项意为“承认”；B项意为“确定，下定义”；C项意为“耳语，低声说”，均不符合语境。故答案选D。‎ ‎56．A.hatred B．praise C．trust D．joy 解析：选D　根据上文中的“Not ridicule”和下文“They loved him.”可知，大家大笑起来，不是嘲笑他，只是觉得开心。D项意为“高兴”，符合语境。A项意为“讨厌”；B项意为“赞美”；C项意为“信任”，均不符合语境。故答案选D。‎ ‎57．A.made B．organized C．threw D．sponsored 解析：选A　根据语境可知，Little Brother使这场舞会更加完美。A项意为“使完美，使成功”，符合语境。B项意为“组织”；C项意为“扔，抛”；D项意为“赞助”，均不符合语境。故答案选A。‎ ‎58．A.stubbornly B．swiftly C．cautiously D．quietly 解析：选A　根据上文可知，Little Brother没有因为羞愧逃走而是进入了舞池。作者这里想说的是我们要像Little Brother一样，要坚定不移地走进房间，并且一定要高昂起头。A项意为“固执地，坚定地”，符合语境。B项意为“敏捷地”；C项意为“小心翼翼地”；D项意为“安静地”，均不符合语境。故答案选A。‎ ‎59．A.search B．apologize C．wish D．push 解析：选B　根据下文中的“never explain it away, and never be ashamed of it”可知，此处指不要为此感到抱歉。B项意为“道歉”，符合语境。A项意为“搜索”；C项意为“希望”；D项意为“推动”，均不符合语境。故答案选B。‎ ‎60．A.although B．once C．because D．unless 解析：选C　根据语境可知，你最不应该做的事就是走出去，那样你就错过了舞会，而那会是一个遗憾，因为我们走了那么远，那么努力，不是为了最终错过舞会。由此可知，空格前后为因果关系。C项意为“因为”，符合语境。故答案选C。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ Foreigners with basic Chinese language skills can generally ask for advice on restaurants or how __61__ (get) to the subway. But the fact is, many still find it __62__ (challenge) to use the language in reallife settings. Some even think that no one in China actually speaks Putonghua, at least not __63__ (nature). This is an opinion that many Chinese themselves would be quick to agree with.‎ However, in a small county __64__ (name) Luanping, Chengde City, Hebei Province, you can meet the locals, young and old, __65__， despite their education level, talk exactly in __66__ same manner as the language recordings you became used to in class. For __67__ (generation), they have known no other mother tongue other than the standard Chinese.‎ Elderly residents in Luanping still remember the experts from the capital __68__ (record) the way they spoke in the 1950s, which began being promoted nationally in 1955. The county __69__ turn proudly calls __70__ (it) the “hometown of Putonghua”．‎ 语篇解读：本文是说明文，文章对河北省承德市滦平县被誉为普通话之乡的原因进行了简单介绍。‎ ‎61．to get　考查非谓语动词。那些有着基本中文技能的外国人通常能询问有关餐馆或者如何到达地铁的建议。此处是how to get to the subway在句中作介词on的宾语。‎ ‎62．challenging　考查词性转换。但事实是许多人仍然发现在现实环境中使用这门语言很具有挑战性。在“find it＋adj.＋to do sth.”结构中，形容词作宾语补足语，故用形容词challenging。‎ ‎63．naturally　考查词性转换。有些人甚至认为在中国事实上没有人说普通话，至少说得不够自然。此处应用副词修饰speaks Putonghua。‎ ‎64．named　考查非谓语动词。name在此作动词，意为“命名，给……取名”，是及物动词，与被修饰词a small county之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎65．who　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是locals，空处在定语从句中作主语，故用who。‎ ‎66．the　考查冠词。the same (as) ...“(与……)相同，一样”，是固定搭配。‎ ‎67．generations　考查名词的数。根据语境可知，此处指“祖祖辈辈”，且generation是可数名词，故填generations。‎ ‎68．recorded　考查时态。20世纪50年代专家们对他们说话的方式加以录音。句中有明确的表示过去的时间，即in the 1950s，故使用一般过去时。‎ ‎69．in　考查介词。这个县继而自豪地称自己为“普通话之乡”。in turn“转而，相应地”。‎ ‎70．itself　考查代词。因为The county和空处指的是同一事物，故此空应填入反身代词itself。‎ Ⅰ.写作规范增分练 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ Dear Mary，‎ I'm pleasing that you will come to China to study the language and culture. Living in China might seem a little of strange at first, so I'm sure you'll soon like it.‎ Chinese people is very friendly and easygoing, so if you are sociable, it will be easily for you to get used to the life here. I'll introduce you my family and friends, and you won't feel alone, I'm sure. Beside, it'll help me to learn Chinese and Chinese culture.‎ In a word, I'll try my best to make you feel at home, and I'm looking forward to meet you.‎ Yours，‎ John 答案：第一句：pleasing→pleased 第二句：去掉of; so→but 第三句：is→are; easily→easy 第四句：my前加to; alone→lonely 第五句：Beside→Besides; me→you 第六句：meet→meeting 第二节：书面表达(满分25分)‎ 假如你是某国际学校的学生李华，你最近使用了一本新版的XX英英词典，感觉非常实用，请你利用英语班会时间向同学们推荐它。内容要点如下：‎ ‎1．特色(如词汇量、用法、例句等方面)；‎ ‎2．使用心得。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Hello, everyone！ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Thank you for listening.‎ 参考范文：‎ Hello, everyone！I'd like to spend a few minutes in this class meeting introducing an EnglishEnglish dictionary to you.‎ First and foremost, it has a large vocabulary, with more than 1,000 new words added, which is indeed a help to us.As the explanations of the words are of great accuracy, it will be easy for us to understand and we will have a better understanding of a certain word.‎ Moreover, the usages of the words are listed in detail, with many vivid examples.And I really appreciate these examples, for they can give me an authentic taste of this language.Still, the variety of the structures used in the example sentences benefits me greatly.‎ All in all, this dictionary really serves as a good tool for my English study.I strongly recommend you have one.‎ Thank you for listening.‎