【英语】2020届二轮复习语法填空训练7作业

【英语】2020届二轮复习语法填空训练7作业

专题强化训练(七)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 A ‎(2019·河北保定高三期末考试)Rivers are one of our most important natural resources. Many of the world's great cities are located on rivers and almost every country has at least one river 1.____________(flow) through it, which plays an important part in the lives of 2.____________(it) people.‎ Since the beginning of history, people 3.____________(use) rivers for transportation. The Yellow River and Changjiang River play a large role in China. The Mississippi, the 4.____________(long) one in the United States ever influenced the American people 5.____________(great) in history. The lifeline of Egypt is the Nile. Rivers provide fresh water 6.____________ drink, grow crops, make electricity and chances to have fun for those 7.____________ live along their banks.‎ ‎8．____________ the cities grow in size and industries increase in number, the river water is severely being polluted. It urges all countries to make 9.____________(decide) and take immediate action to stop it from 10.____________(pollute) any more.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。以密西西比河为例介绍了河流对人们的生活有重要作用，但随着城市规模的扩大和工业数量的增加，河流受到了严重的污染，所有国家应该行动起来阻止河流继续受到污染。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查非谓语动词。句意：每个国家都至少有一条河流经其国土，这在其人民的生活中扮演重要角色。river与flow之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故填flowing。‎ ‎[答案]　flowing ‎2．[解析]　‎ 考查代词。句意参考上题解析，修饰名词people用形容词性物主代词，故填its。‎ ‎[答案]　its ‎3．[解析]　考查时态。句意：自古以来，人们就利用河流作为交通工具。时间状语Since the beginning of history表明此处使用现在完成时，故填have used。‎ ‎[答案]　have used ‎4．[解析]　考查形容词。句意：密西西比河是美国最长的河流，它在历史上对美国人民产生了巨大的影响。定冠词the修饰形容词最高级，故填longest。‎ ‎[答案]　longest ‎5．[解析]　考查副词。句意参考上题解析，修饰动词influenced用副词，故填greatly。‎ ‎[答案]　greatly ‎6．[解析]　考查不定式。句意：河流为沿岸居民提供了饮用、种植庄稼……和娱乐的机会。此处表示目的，应该用不定式作目的状语，故填to。‎ ‎[答案]　to ‎7．[解析]　考查定语从句。句意参考上题解析，先行词为those，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填who/that。‎ ‎[答案]　who/that ‎8．[解析]　考查状语从句。句意：随着城市规模的扩大和工业数量的增加，河流受到了严重的污染。此处表示“随着”，故填As。‎ ‎[答案]　As ‎9．[解析]　考查名词。句意：它敦促所有国家做出决定并立即开始行动以阻止它受到污染。作make的宾语用名词，decision是可数名词，此处用复数表示泛指，故填decisions。‎ ‎[答案]　decisions ‎10．[解析]　考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题解析，介词from后接动名词作宾语，it与pollute之间是被动关系，故填being polluted。‎ ‎[答案]　being polluted B ‎(2019·内蒙古赤峰二中月考)Xuan paper, known as one of the Four Treasures of Study, first came into 1.____________ (exist) in Xuan Prefecture in the Tang Dynasty. The traditional skill of making the paper 2.______________ hand has been passed down through generations. The process takes as many as 108 steps, all of 3.______________ require a level of delicacy.‎ Take papermaking master Zhou Donghong, for example. He uses a fine screen to filter(过滤) a mixture of water and fibers. He lifts it up, and it's a sheet of paper. It takes him and his partner only 15 seconds 4.______________ (form) and shape it, but they've devoted 5.______________(them) to perfecting the skills for decades.‎ ‎“There are a lot of tricks of filtering the fibers, and timing is 6.____________(difficult) part of all. We have only one chance to filter the right amount of fibers, and only the proper weight guarantees the paper is neither too thin nor too thick, and the margin for error is 7.____________ (extreme) small，”said Zhou. With just the right degree of thickness, top quality Xuan paper holds ink and water tightly.‎ The skill of papermaking, 8.____________(recognize) as a national treasure, has also proven to be an international one. We felt 9.______________ great sense of pride as it was listed as a world intangible culture heritage(非物质文化遗产) by UNESCO in 2009. Since then, in Jingxian County, Xuan papermaking 10.______________(teach) in schools.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍宣纸的发明经历。2009年，联合国教科文组织将其列为世界非物质文化遗产，我们感到非常自豪。‎ ‎1．[解析]　考查固定词组。come into existence“产生，开始存在”，故填existence。‎ ‎[答案]　existence ‎2．[解析]　考查固定搭配。by hand“用手，手工”，故填by。‎ ‎[答案]　by ‎3．[解析]　考查定语从句。句意：这个过程需要多达108个步骤，所有这些步骤都需要一定程度的精致。此处steps作先行词，指物，后面的定语从句缺少主语，all of which作主语，故填which。‎ ‎[答案]　which ‎4．[解析]　考查固定句式。It takes sb. some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多少时间”，可知填to form。‎ ‎[答案]　to form ‎5．[解析]　考查固定结构。devote oneself to“献身于……”，故填themselves。‎ ‎[答案]　themselves ‎6．[解析]　考查形容词最高级。根据of all可知此处是形容词最高级，故填the most difficult。‎ ‎[答案]　the most difficult ‎7．[解析]　考查副词。副词修饰形容词，故填extremely。‎ ‎[答案]　extremely ‎8．[解析]　考查非谓语动词。 此处是过去分词作后置定语，故填recognized。‎ ‎[答案]　recognized ‎9．[解析]　考查冠词。句意：2009年，联合国教科文组织将其列为世界非物质文化遗产，我们感到非常自豪。也就是我们有一种自豪感。故填a。‎ ‎[答案]　a ‎10．[解析]　考查时态。Since then是现在完成时的标志，Xuan papermaking 和teach之间是被动关系，所以句子用现在完成时的被动语态，故填has been taught。‎ ‎[答案]　has been taught Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎(2019·吉林长春实验中学开学考试)After school, as usual, I went ‎ back home. On the bus, I find a woman with a cute baby standing besides me and having difficulty holding on to the grab pole. In spite my own exhaustion, I rose from my seat and gave them away without hesitation to her and the baby. She thanked me several times sincerely, that made me feel extremely proud. I was realized my little favor could real make a difference to a person who was badly in need of it. Arrived home, I almost forgot my tiredness. I was lost in happinesses because I did a little for a stranger and I gained a lot.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ After school, as usual, I went back home. On the bus, I a woman with a cute baby standing me and having difficulty holding on to the grab pole. In spite my own exhaustion, I rose from my seat and gave away without hesitation to her and the baby. She thanked me several times sincerely, made me feel extremely proud. I ‎ realized my little favor could make a difference to a person who was badly in need of it. home, I almost forgot my tiredness. I was lost in because I did a little for a stranger I gained a lot.‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 ‎(2019·河南省中原名校高考预测金卷)I visited Copenhagen for the first time last Easter. As a student，I'm always strapped for cash，so I assumed I could only afford to breathe the air — but luckily everything about Copenhagen is breathtaking.‎ I was staying in an Airbnb, and rented a bike so I could cover more ground. One of the first places I visited was the Rundetaarn, or“round tower”built in the 17th century as an astronomical observatory. It has an equestrian staircase (a wide set of stairs big enough for horses to use) that went on and on. As I was going up, I stopped to visit the tower's library hall. At the top, there's a glass platform that gives a view 80foot straight down, as well as a bell loft. Luckily, the views over Copenhagen from the top were well worth the climb.‎ After coming down, I hiked up to the Kastellet Fortress to see the famous Little Mermaid statue. Taking a photo with her was almost impossible with all the tourists crowding around—but sitting there and hearing the lapping waves of the deep blue Baltic Sea, waiting for the sun to set, was an unforgettable and calming experience.‎ The next day, I visited the Glyptotek art museum, exploring the grand exhibits. I looked into the marble eyes of many Roman gods, and walked down dimly lit staircases to see mummies from Egypt.‎ Before I unwillingly boarded the train back to the airport, I told myself that I must visit again—to experience the thrills of Tivoli Gardens, try more of the street food and everything else from this amazing city.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇游记。作者主要介绍了自己去哥本哈根的穷游经历。‎ ‎1．Why did the author rent a bike?‎ A．Because she loved to ride a bike.‎ B．Because she didn't afford to rent a car.‎ C．Because she found nowhere to rent other vehicles.‎ D．Because she wanted to see as many attractions as possible.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。由第二段中“I was staying in an Airbnb, and rented a bike so I could cover more ground.”可知，作者租一辆自行车是因为她想要看尽可能多的旅游胜地，故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎2．What did the author find difficult at the Kastellet Fortress?‎ A．Finding a sitting place.‎ B．Waiting for the sun to set.‎ C．Listening to the sound of waves.‎ D．Having a photo taken with a statue.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。由第三段中“After coming down, I hiked up to the Kastellet Fortress to see the famous Little Mermaid statue. Taking a photo with her was almost impossible with all the tourists crowding around”可知，在Kastellet Fortress，作者发现最困难的事情就是和雕塑拍照，因为人太多了，故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎3．Which of the following didn't the author visit?‎ A．Rundetaarn. B．Tivoli Gardens.‎ C．Glyptotek art museum. D．Little Mermaid Statue.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。此题询问作者没有参观过的地方，使用排除法。由“One of the first places I visited was the Rundetaarn”，排除A；由“The next day, I visited the Glyptotek art museum, exploring the grand exhibits.”排除C；由“After coming down, I hiked up to the Kastellet Fortress to see the famous Little Mermaid statue.”排除D，故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?‎ A．To remember a holiday.‎ B．To introduce a new attraction.‎ C．To share her travel experience.‎ D．To show her love of Copenhagen.‎ ‎[解析]　写作意图题。这篇文章主要介绍了作者去哥本哈根的穷游经历，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是分享自己的旅游经历，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C Ⅳ.完形填空 ‎(2019·山东青岛二中模块考试)Eliza worked in an office with ‎ twenty other people, and she liked her job. Getting ahead in her career wasn't ____1____ to her. But she suddenly changed ____2____ the promotion of her friend and coworker Betty who couldn't have gotten the ____3____ if Eliza had tried to. In the eyes of the other coworkers, Betty was ____4____ cheerful, hardworking and ambitious, while Eliza was lowkey and easygoing.‎ Before Betty got the promotion, Eliza had been satisfied with her ____5____， even if she had not been ____6____ happy. But once Betty was made head, Eliza began to fill up with resentment(怨恨) and she disliked her job and ____7____ Betty. Finally she developed a big mistake ____8____ she was filled with anger all the time. Eliza began to see Betty as the source of all her problems, and she ____9____ to remember that she had not particularly wanted the promotion anyway. Now she just thought that it should be hers. Instead of ____10____ herself to see what her real goal was in life, she tried to ____11____ how to trap Betty and regarded Betty as her enemy. Eliza became ____12____ focused on her resentment, and she couldn't get out of the ____13____ situation.‎ One of the major problems with resentment is that you ____14____ that your anger is completely caused by others. You ____15____ looking for what you can do to improve your situation, because you decide that your ____16____ feelings are the result of someone else's fault. You give up trying to find real ____17____ to solve your problem. Dealing with resentment needs ____18____. Because of that, you are able to have a clear mind so that you can admit you are feeling resentful. Then try hard to force yourself ____19____ ready to be less resentful. You believe you are to blame for resentment, and you actively look for the way that can ____20____ the problem in your life.‎ 语篇解读： 本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者描述了Eliza因为朋友的工作晋升而心生怨恨，时时刻刻想为难别人。通过这个故事告诉我们不要在别人身上找原因，而应该去发现自己的不足。‎ ‎1．A.ordinary B．important C．simple D．challenging ‎[解析]　考查形容词。A.ordinary“普通的；正常的”；B.important“重要的”；C.simple“简单的”；D.challenging“挑战性的”。根据下文描述while Eliza was lowkey and easygoing.可知她认为工作不重要。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎2．A.during B．before C．until D．after ‎[解析]　考查介词。A.during“在……期间”；B.before“在……以前”；C.until“直到才”；D.after“在……之后”。句意：但是在她的好朋友兼同事Betty晋升之后，她突然改变了，如果Eliza努力的话，Betty是不可能得到这个机会的。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎3．A.chance B．agreement C．prize D．business ‎[解析]　考查名词。A.chance“机会”；B.agreement“同意”；C.prize“奖赏”；D.business“生意”。这里指Betty得到晋升的“机会”，故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎4．A.always B．sometimes C．seldom D．never ‎[解析]　考查副词。A.always“总是；一直”；B.sometimes“有时”；C.seldom“几乎不”；D.never“从不”。根据上文Betty得到了晋升，可知她“一直”是快乐、勤奋和有上进心的。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎5．A.partner B．work C．teammates D．leader ‎[解析]　考查名词。A.partner“伙伴”；B.work“工作”；C.teammates“同队伙伴”；D.leader“领导人”。根据下文But once ‎ Betty was made head, Eliza began to fill up with resentment(怨恨) and she disliked her job的描述，可知Eliza以前对自己的工作还满意。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎6．A.mainly B．perfectly C．exactly D．extremely ‎[解析]　考查副词。A.mainly“主要地”；B.perfectly“完美地”；C.exactly“确切地”；D.extremely“极其地”。句意：在Betty晋升之前，Eliza对自己的工作还满意，尽管不是极其满意。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎7．A.supported B．disclosed C．hated D．forced ‎[解析]　考查动词。A.supported“支持”；B.disclosed“揭露”；C.hated“憎恨”；D.forced“强迫”。根据上文Eliza began to fill up with resentment(怨恨)的描述，可知她“讨厌”Betty。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎8．A.because B．if C．but D．while ‎[解析]　考查连词。A.because“因为”；B.if“如果”；C.but“但是”；D.while“当……时”。下文“她一直充满了愤怒”与上文“终于她酿成了大错”是因果关系，故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎9．A.decided B．started C．managed D．failed ‎[解析]　考查动词。A.decided“决定”；B.started“开始”；C.managed“管理；尝试”；D.failed“失败”。句意：她不记得她曾经无论如何都不想要晋升。fail to do sth.“没能做某事”。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎10．A.noticing B．warning C．persuading D．ensuring ‎[解析]　考查动词。A.noticing“注意到”；B.warning“警告”；C.persuading“劝说”；D.ensuring“确认；确定”。句意：她不是让自己确定自己真正的生活目标是什么，反而努力想要如何为难Betty，把她当成了敌人。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎11．A.get at B．deal with C．figure out D．make up ‎[解析]　考查动词短语。A.get at“理解”；B.deal with“处理”；C.figure out“想出；解决”；D.make up“组成；编造”。这里指她努力想要如何为难Betty，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎12．A.partly B．completely C．finally D．usually ‎[解析]　考查副词。A.partly“部分地”；B.completely“完全地”；C.finally“最终地”；D.usually“通常”。句意：她完全集中在怨恨上。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎13．A.strange B．boring C．funny D．dangerous ‎[解析]　考查形容词。A.strange“奇怪的”；B.boring“无聊的”；C.funny“有趣的”；D.dangerous“危险的”。根据上文可知Eliza心里只有怨恨，因此她这种状态是很“危险的”。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎14．A.doubt B．analyze C．believe D．find ‎[解析]　考查动词。A.doubt“怀疑”；B.analyze“分析”；C.believe“相信；认为”；D.find“找到”。句意：怨恨的一个主要问题就是你认为你的愤怒完全是由他人造成的。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎15．A.mind B．stop C．enjoy D．keep ‎[解析]　考查动词。A.mind“介意”；B.stop“停止”；C.enjoy“欣赏；享受”；D.keep“保持”。句意：你不去找出你能做些什么来改善你的境况。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎16．A.negative B．inspiring C．childish D．social ‎[解析]　考查形容词。A.negative“负面的；消极的”；B.inspiring“鼓舞人心的”；C.childish“孩子气的”；D.social“社会的；社交的”。对他人的怨恨应该是一种“消极的”感觉。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎17．A.details B．effects C．solutions D．causes ‎[解析]　考查名词。A.details“细节”；B.effects“效果”；C.solutions“方法；办法”；D.causes“原因”。根据下文to solve your problem(解决问题)，可知此处应该是指“方法，办法(solution)”。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎18．A.freedom B．calmness C．experiment D．courage ‎[解析]　考查名词。A.freedom“自由”；B.calmness“冷静”；C.experiment“实验”；D.courage“勇气”。句意：对待怨恨需要冷静。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎19．A.luckily B．hurriedly C．truly D．strongly ‎[解析]　考查副词。A.luckily“幸运地”；B.hurriedly“匆忙地”‎ ‎；C.truly“真实地”；D.strongly“强烈地”，句意：然后努力强迫自己真正地做好准备不那么憎恨。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎20．A.solve B．avoid C．predict D．face ‎[解析]　考查动词。A.solve“解决”；B.avoid“避免”；C.predict“预测”；D.face“面对”。句意：你主动地寻找能够解决你生活中的问题的方式。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A