2020届一轮复习人教版选修8Unit1Alandofdiversity单元作业（23页

2020届一轮复习人教版选修8Unit1Alandofdiversity单元作业（23页

‎2020届一轮复习人教版选修8 Unit 1 A land of diversity单元作业 Ⅰ.重要单词聚焦 ‎1． n．差别；区分；卓著 ‎2． n. 手段；方法 ‎3． n. 大多数；大半 ‎4． n. 苦难；困苦 ‎5． vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人 ‎6． n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣 ‎　 vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期 distinction means majority hardship elect boom ‎7． n. 地极；电极；磁极 ‎8． n. 申请人 ‎9． n. 海关；关税；进口税 ‎10． vi. 发生；出现 ‎11． n. 牛(总称)‎ ‎12． vt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示 ‎13． n. 行李(〈美〉baggage)‎ ‎14． (shaved；shaved，shaven) vt.& vi.刮；剃 ‎15． adj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上的 ‎16． vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤 pole applicant customs occur cattle indicate luggage shave apparent slip n. 滑动；滑倒 ‎17． vt.& n. 租用；雇用 ‎18． adv. 无处；到处都无 ‎19． n. 处罚；惩罚 ‎20． n. 正义；公平 ‎21． vt.& vi. 改革；革新 ‎　 　　　n. 改革；改造；改良 ‎22． vt.& n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会 ‎23． adj. 感激的；感谢的 hire nowhere punishment justice reform grasp thankful Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1．live 继续存在；继续生存 ‎2．by of... 用……办法；借助……‎ ‎3．make a 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 ‎4．keep 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)‎ ‎5． up with 与……合作或一起工作 ‎6．mark 画线；标出……界线 ‎7．Take 包括；吸收 ‎8．a great/good 许多；很多 on means life up team out in ‎ many ‎9．apply 申请；请示得到 ‎10．in 另外 ‎11． one’s dream 实现梦想 ‎12． the view 欣赏风景 for addition achieve admire Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.‎ ‎[信息提取]　by means of用某种办法，借助于某事物。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　思想可以借助于音乐来表达。‎ Thoughts can also________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎【答案】　be expressed by means of music ‎2．By the time California elected to become the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850，it was already a multicultural society.‎ ‎[信息提取]　by the time连词，意为“到……时”。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　当他14岁的时候，他就已经自学了数学。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________he had learnt maths by himself.‎ ‎【答案】　By the time he was fourteen years old ‎3．However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.‎ ‎[信息提取]　It is likely that...有可能……。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　他有可能不参加会议 ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________the meeting.‎ ‎【答案】　It is likely that he will not attend ‎4．It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups，but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.‎ ‎[信息提取]　It is believed that...人们相信……。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　人们相信辛勤工作就能成功。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________hard work can lead to success.‎ ‎【答案】　It is believed that means n．手段；方法 As is known to us，telephone is a useful means of communication.众所周知，电话是一种有用的通讯工具。‎ Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution，but the sky is still not very clear.为防止空气污染，每种可能的方法都已用过了，但天空仍然不清澈。‎ ‎(1)by means of 借用，依靠 We express our feelings by means of words.‎ 我们用语言来表达感情。‎ ‎(2)by no means＝not at all一点……也不 By no means am I satisfied with my present job.‎ 我对目前的工作一点也不满意。‎ ‎(3)by this means通过这种方式 You can do it by this means.你可以用这种办法去做。 ‎ ‎(4)by all means 可以，当然行，务必 ‎—May I use your bicycle?‎ 我可以用你的自行车吗？‎ ‎—By all means！当然可以！‎ ‎1．In many places in China，______bicycle is still________popular means of transportation.‎ A．a；the　　　　　　　　　B．/；a C．the；a D．the；the ‎【解析】　句意为：在中国的许多地方，自行车仍然是一种受欢迎的交通工具。“the＋单数名词”指的是整个类别，这个类别是可以区别于另外一个类别的。而popular means of transportation应该有很多种，自行车只是其中一种，故用不定冠词a。‎ ‎【答案】　C majority n．大多数；大半 He won the seat with a majority of 71 votes.‎ 他以71票的优势赢得了该席位。‎ A majority of people believe smoking is harmful to health.‎ 大多数人相信吸烟有害健康。‎ ‎(1)单独用做主语，谓语动词用单数、复数均可。‎ The majority were/was against the plan.‎ 大多数人反对这个计划。‎ ‎(2)单独用做主语，如果后面的表语是复数，那么谓语动词也用复数。‎ The majority who attended the meeting yesterday are students.‎ 昨天参加会议的大多数是学生。‎ The majority of the damage is easy to repair.‎ 这次的损失大部分容易补救。‎ ‎2．Don’t worry about the present situation in the world；________of people prefer peace to war.‎ A．the most B．the great part C．the majority D．the number ‎【答案】　C Occur ‎(1)vi.发生 I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident occurred.我正沿街寻找停车点时，突然发生了事故。‎ Just then an idea occurred to me.‎ 就在那时，我想起了一个主意。‎ It occurred to her that she might adopt a homeless child.‎ 她突然想她可能会收养一个无家可归的孩子。‎ Then a practical idea hit/struck/occurred to her!‎ 那时他突然想到一个切合实际的主意！‎ It suddenly struck me how we could improve the situation.‎ 我一下子明白我们如何改善局面了。‎ It suddenly occurred to me that we could use a computer to do the job.我突然想到我们可以用计算机来做这项工作。‎ ‎3．—Why are you so late?‎ ‎—I was in half the way when it________to me that I had left my notebook home，so I had to fetch it.‎ A．occurred B．hit C．happened D．reminded ‎【解析】　答语意为：走到半路时，我突然想起我把笔记本忘在家里了，因此我不得不回去取。It occurred to sb.为一固定句型，意为“某人突然想起”。‎ ‎【答案】　A keep up 坚持，维持，沿袭(风俗、传统等)‎ We sang as we marched to keep our spirits up.‎ 我们一面行进一面唱歌以保持高昂的情绪。‎ We should keep up our good traditions.‎ 我们应该沿袭我们的优良传统。‎ I hope the fine weather will keep up.‎ 我希望好天气能保持下去。‎ ‎(1)keep (on) doing sth.继续、重复做某事 ‎(2)keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 ‎(3)keep on继续 ‎(4)keep up with...跟上……，与……同步前进 She kept on working although she was tired.‎ 她虽疲劳但仍继续工作。‎ Dave couldn’t keep up with the rest of his class.‎ 德夫跟不上班里的其他同学。‎ Don’t give up；keep on trying.别放弃，继续努力。‎ ‎4．Would you slow down a bit，please？I can’t ________you.‎ A．keep up with B．put up with C．make up to D．hold on to ‎【解析】　keep up with意为赶得上，跟得上，不落后于，符合语境要求；put up with忍受；make up to讨好(某人)，奉承，接近；hold on to抓住不放，执著于……。句意为：请慢点儿走好吗？我跟不上你。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎5．(2009年湖南岳阳模拟)In the face of all these difficulties，we’re not discouraged and our spirits________well.‎ A．keep up B．go up C．hold up D．pick up ‎【解析】　考查动词词组辨析。句意为：面对着所有的这些困难，我们没有气馁，而是继续保持斗志。keep up继续保持；go up上升；hold up支撑，耽搁；pick up捡起，接收。‎ ‎【答案】　A take in ‎(1)包括；包含 The tour takes in six European capitals.‎ 这次旅游包括六个欧洲国家的首都。‎ ‎(2)允许某人寄宿家中 She was homeless so we took her in.‎ 她无家可归，我们就收留了她。‎ ‎(3)欺骗(愚弄)某人 She took me in completely with her story.‎ 她用谎话把我完全蒙蔽了。‎ ‎(4)吸收，吸入(空气，水等)‎ Take in a deep breath深吸一口气 ‎(5)理解(吸收)所见所闻 I hope you’re taking in what I’m saying.‎ 我希望你能理解我说的话。‎ ‎6．(2007年辽宁卷)Don’t be________by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.‎ A．taken off B．taken out C．taken away D．taken in ‎【解析】　根据句意“不要被那些许诺能让你快速减肥的产品所欺骗”。take off拿去；取消；脱(衣帽)；飞机起飞；take out 拿出，取出；去掉，带……；take in接受；吸收；收容；领会；包含，欺骗；take away 拿走，夺去；使离去。‎ ‎【答案】　D a great/good many许多；很多 Tom found that there were a great/good many people already there.‎ 汤姆发现那儿已经有很多人了。‎ It seems that a great /good many of them are out of work now.‎ 似乎他们中的许多人现在失业了。‎ A great many of the flowers were white.‎ 那些花多数是白色的。‎ a good/great many后接复数名词，但a good/great many后接of时，必须加限定词，如these/those/the/one’s等，然后再加名词复数。‎ A good many of those students like this song.‎ 那些学生中有很多喜欢这首歌。‎ ‎7．________the houses were knocked down in the earthquake.‎ A．A great many B．The number of C．A great many of D．A great deal of ‎【解析】　名词前有the，these，those及my，your等物主代词时，a great many后要加of。‎ ‎【答案】　C apply for申请，请求 She applied for a job as an English teacher.‎ 她应聘英语教师的工作。‎ We had to apply to the government for financial help.‎ 我们只好向政府申请财务援助。‎ What you said doesn’t apply to me.你所说的并不适合我。‎ You can’t apply this rule to every case.‎ 这个规则并不能适用于所有的状况。‎ ‎(2)apply oneself to (doing) sth.专注于；专心做某事 He applied himself to learning English.他专心学英语。‎ ‎8．To travel to the United States，you must first apply________the American Embassy________your visa.‎ A．for；to B．to；for C．for；for D．to；to ‎【解析】　考查apply短语的用法。apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物。句意为：要去美国旅行，你要首先向美国大使馆申请签证。‎ ‎【答案】　B That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.‎ 这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。‎ 句中的why引导的为表语从句，注意以下句式区别 ‎(1)That’s why...这就是为什么……(why从句表示结果)‎ ‎(2)That’s because...这是因为……(because从句表示原因)‎ ‎(3)The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是……(表语从句常用that引导，而不用because ）‎ ‎①Tom came late for the meeting.That was because he was ill.‎ 汤姆开会迟到了，那是他病了。‎ ‎②Tom was ill.That was why he came late for the meeting.‎ 汤姆病了，那就是他开会迟到的原因。‎ ‎③The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was ill.汤姆开会迟到的原因是他病了。‎ ‎9．(2009年石家庄检测)Is this the reason________she explained in the report for her success in the job?‎ A．what B．that C．how D．why ‎【解析】　考查定语从句。因此处关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作宾语，故此处只能用that，which或省略。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎10．The reason________death was feared was________no man could experience it twice.‎ A．why；that B．why；because C．why；why D．because；that ‎【解析】　句意为：人们之所以恐惧死亡，是因为无人能经历两次。‎ ‎【答案】　A However，it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.‎ 然而，可能美洲土著人至少一万五千年前就生活在加利福尼亚。‎ 本句式中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。‎ It is likely that...……是可能的，此句型可转化为：sb./sth.be likely to do...某人/物可能干某事。‎ She’s very likely to ring me tonight.‎ ‎＝It’s likely that she will ring me tonight.‎ 她今晚很可能给我打电话。‎ It is likely/that the weather will be fine.‎ ‎＝The weather is likely to be fine.天气可能会很晴朗。‎ ‎11．It is very________that，in many schools，the students are going to spend less time in doing homework than they used to.‎ A．possibly B．probably C．lovely D．likely ‎【解析】　句意为：在很多学校学生做作业的时间可能将比原来少。用it is likely that句型，其他三个词不用于这个结构。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎12．(2010届唐山摸底考试)Since he was 67，it didn’t seem________that he would continue long ‎ in that position.‎ A．impossible B．necessary C．particular D．likely ‎【解析】　考查形容词。句意为：他已经67岁了，看起来不可能在那个职位上待很长时间了。A、B选项用于It’s impossible/important/necessary/unusual that...句型，that从句常用should＋动词原形，而非would＋动词原形。C项不符合题意，故选D。‎ ‎【答案】　D Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．All the________(行李) the passengers bring with them needs to be examined twice at the Liuting International Airport during the Beijing Olympic Games.‎ ‎【答案】　luggage ‎2．Many________(申请人) applied for the wellpaid job，but none of them were accepted by the company.‎ ‎【答案】　applicants ‎3．A high fever________(表明) that a person’s body is fighting disease.‎ ‎【答案】　indicates ‎4．It is________(显然的) from scientific studies that the drug produces severe side effects.‎ ‎【答案】　apparent ‎5．The old man________(滑倒) on the icy road and broke his leg.‎ ‎【答案】　slipped Ⅱ.选词填空 take in；by means of；make a life；the majority of；mark out ‎1．The actress rose to fame overnight__________________her perfect performance in the film.‎ ‎【答案】　by means of ‎2．________________________students were in favour of the suggestion that they go out for a picnic the next day.‎ ‎【答案】　The majority of ‎3．Please________________the mistakes I made in my composition.‎ ‎【答案】　mark out ‎4．The students found it easy to________________what their teacher had taught.‎ ‎【答案】　take in ‎5．The young men in the rural areas have to leave for big cities to________________________.‎ ‎【答案】　make a life Ⅲ.易错模块 ‎1．—Do you think we should put an ad in the paper for the lost child?‎ ‎—Yes，________.‎ A．that’s all right B．by all means C．it just depends D．never mind ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。A项表示“没关系”，相当于D项，用于回答别人的歉意，不合题意；B项表示“当然可以”，为正确选项；C项表示“看情况而定”，与前面的Yes矛盾。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎2．The police looked into the case carefully and found the thief had entered the house________a ladder.‎ A．by the means B．by all means C．by ways of D．by means of ‎【解析】　考查介词短语辨析。by means of此处意为“凭借；以……方式”。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎3．She couldn’t speak，but made her wishes known________sign.‎ A．by means of B．by any means C．by all means D．by no means ‎【解析】　句意为：她不能说话，但通过手语让别人了解了她的愿望。by means of sign在此意为“靠着/凭借手语”。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎4．But by no means________with my progress.‎ A．the teacher is not satisfied B．is the teacher not satisfied C．the teacher is satisfied D．is the teacher satisfied ‎【解析】　by no means位于句首时，句子要用倒装语序，排除A、C；由but可知后一句表示否定，排除B。‎ ‎【答案】　D Ⅳ.语法专练 本单元语法—主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句 ‎1．(2010届宁夏银川一中月考)—You see，I’m poor in maths，you are not good at English，and...‎ ‎—That’s________we should help each other.‎ A．when B．where C．how D．what ‎【解析】　where引导表语从句。下句意为：这正是我们应该互相帮助的地方。其他选项不合题意。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎2．(2010届江苏泰兴市期中调研)—Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children?‎ ‎—No，that’s________they are mistaken.‎ A．where B．when C．so D．how ‎【解析】　考查表语从句。where引导表语从句，表示那就是她们的错误所在。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎3．(2010届江苏南师附中学情分析样题)The health official said________12 suspected cases of influenza A (HINI) were tested negative and________，so far，this city has reported no case of the virus.‎ A．what；that B．that；what C．/；that D．that；/‎ ‎【解析】　分析句式结构可知，这个句子中含有两个并列的宾语从句，都由that引导，而两个或两个以上由that引导的宾语从句，只有第一个关系代词that可以省略。由此可知，C项正确。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎4．(2009年成都第二次诊断)While traveling in Sichuan，you can’t miss________people call “The National Treasure”—Giant Panda.‎ A．that B．it ‎ C．what D．which ‎【解析】　由语法知识可知，本题中的动词miss后接了一个宾语从句，又由于动词call后需要接双宾语，故选用what在该宾语从句中充当宾语从句中动词call的(直接)宾语。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎5．(2009年西城抽样)After ten years’absence she came back，only to find her old house was not________it used to be.‎ A．which B．what C．when D．how ‎【解析】　考查表语从句的引导词。从句子结构看，该词需要引导表语从句并充当该表语从句中be动词的表语，所以用what。what在此相当于the house that。‎ ‎【答案】　B 高考试题链接 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。‎ A Five Creators Who Want to Make Your Life Easier u Munyaradzi Gwatidzo ‎-From AstroMobil As an orphan growing up in one of Zimbabwe's poorest areas,Gwatidzo was very interested in electronics.With a big family to care for,Gwatidzo taught himself to repair phones.Gwatidzo in 2011 to build his own brand.Astro Mobile.Astro now provides employment to over 2,000 people with various job opportunities.‎ u Cherae Robinson ‎-From Tastemakers Africa ‎ Tastemakers Africa is a mobile app aiming to revolutionize the African travel and leisure space.Through the app, travelers and curious locals can book personal experiences.Its ‎ founder,Cherae Robinson,has always been passionate about Africa and through her personal adventures got an opportunity.‎ u Neku Atawodi ‎-From Malaik How does one go from a sports scientist to a founder launching a crowdfunding platform only four months? “I am passionate about Africa and impressed by the teaming spirit of the African youth,”she said,"A group of angel investors backing a business can really lead it to success!"‎ u Richard Bbaale ‎-From BanaPads BanaPads is not yet available to the market in Africa but its original story alone is pretty inspiring.Watching his older sister miss school for a week every month because their guardians could not afford clean towels,sowed a seed for a business Richard Bbaale would later start.‎ ‎21.Whose app is under the process of research and development?‎ A.Bbaale. B.Atawodi. C.Robinso. D.Gwatidzo.‎ ‎22.Gwatidzo began to repair phones mainly because of .‎ A.his interest in phones B.his responsibility for family C.his intention to set up a brand D.his eagerness to provide more jobs ‎23.What does Robinson try to achieve?‎ A.Helping locals earn more. B.Helping visitors save money.‎ C.Making it easier to book tickets. D.Making travel more comfortable.‎ B Late last spring,a student worked late into the night,and as she painted,her chemistry took on a life of its own, transforming into a comic book.Veronica Berns,28,was working on her Ph.D.in chemistry.Berns quickly concluded that she would be best able to describe the difficult concepts with illustrations."They're not very well-polished illustrations—that's on purpose,"Berns said. ‎ In the beginning,it was on the back of an envelope or on a napkin that she doodled（涂鸦）the chemical bonds to better explain her parents what she was working on in the lab.Jody Berns,Veronica's mother,said their family has a history of doodling and has shared comics for years.‎ Veronica Berns surprised her family with her comic book "Atomic Size Matters" at her graduation ‎ last year.The book typical shows cartoons of Berns wearing various costumes and uses humor as well as simple comparisons to describe simple chemistry."We're just really proud that she can take something so complex and put it into an amusing visual（视觉的）explanation that everyone can enjoy,"Jody Berns said.‎ Veronica Berns’ teacher said Berns was the first of his students to construct her knowledge in an artistic way and he acknowledged that it is difficult for scientists to explain what they do with proper context.“If it's worth doing, we should be able to explain it,”Fredrickson said.Fredrickson said she hopes other scientists will learn to find ways to illustrate what they're doing in the lab.Berns now lives in Chicago as a chemist and also writes a blog in which she uses comics to explain the work of Nobel Prize winning scientists.‎ Berns started a fundraising campaign on the Internet to finance printing the books.She said she wanted to raise $5,965 to cover the costs of professional printing and the website says she has raised more than $14,000.‎ ‎24.What led Berns to paint something about chemistry?‎ A.To decorate the envelopes. B.To show something clearly.‎ C.To observe family traditions. D.To design a present to his parents.‎ ‎25.Which can best describe Berns's paintings in her comic books?‎ A.Funny and vivid. B.Classical and lively. ‎ C.Amusing and shiny. D.Creative and skilled.‎ ‎26.How does Fredrickson take Berns's paintings?‎ A.They are difficult to understand. B.They are rewarding and inspiring.‎ C.They should be done in more detail. D.They will help Berns get the Noble Prize. ‎ ‎27.The passage is most likely to appear a(n) .‎ A.technology review B.course advertisement ‎ C.textbook guide D.news report C The term "healthy obesity" has gained value over the past 15 years,but scientists have recently questioned its very existence."Our new findings suggest that health measures may be necessary for all obese（肥胖的）individuals, even those previously considered to be ‎ metabolically（代谢的）healthy,"says study first author Mikael,"Since obesity is the major driver changing gene expression in fat cells,we should continue to focus on preventing obesity."‎ Obesity has been a global problem,affecting approximately 600 million people worldwide and increasing the risk of heart disease,stroke,cancer,and so on.But in the 1970s and 80s,experts began to question the extent to which obesity increases the risk for these disorders.Later studies in the late 90s and early 2000s showed that some obese people show a relatively healthy life.‎ However,there are no accepted measures for measuring metabolically healthy obesity,and whether or not such a thing exists is now up for discussion."Our study suggests that the idea of metabolically healthy obesity may be more difficult than thought,"Mikael says,"There doesn’t appear to be a clear line that separates obese subjects with high or low insulin（胰岛素）sensitivity,indicating that obesity is the major driver explaining the changes in gene expression." ‎ One limitation of the study is that it examined gene expression only in white fat cells,not other types.Moreover, all of the obese subjects were scheduled to experience obesity operations,so the findings may only apply to people with severe obesity.In future research,Mikael and his group will track the study patients after surgery to determine whether weight loss normalizes gene expression responses.They will also look for specific genes linked to improved metabolic health in these people.‎ In the meantime,the study has an important take-home message."Obese people may not be as metabolically healthy as previously believed,"Ryden says.‎ ‎28.What does the underlined phrase "healthy obesity" mean?‎ A.It can be healthy with obesity. B.Obesity is necessary to be healthy.‎ C.Unhealthy people have no obesity. D.Health has something to do with obesity.‎ ‎29.What leads to healthy obesity failing to prove true?‎ A.Lack of related patients. B.Lack of genetic evidence.‎ C.Lack of research funding. D.Lack of needed standards.‎ ‎30.What advice can readers get from the passage?‎ A.People should have a healthy lifestyle. ‎ B.People should accept obesity in a way.‎ C.People should keep a balanced weight. ‎ D.People should avoid obesity operations.‎ ‎31.Which can best describe the author's intention in writing the passage? ‎ A.Compare,analyze and conclude. B.Show,appreciate,and persuade.‎ C.Introduce,argue and advertise. D.Present,inform and inspire.‎ D David Hepworth and Eric Whale,two Scottish material scientists,were looking for smart ways to reuse food waste when they figured out how to make nanofibers（纳米纤维）out of leftovers from carrot juice.The cellulose（纤维素）in carrots and other root vegetables,unlike other fibrous materials like wood or cotton,is easy to separate out from the rest of the biowaste.‎ The scientists call the material Curran,after the Gaelic word for carrot.And they set out to show that it could be used to replace glass or carbon fibers.They say it's nearly twice as strong and slightly lighter than carbon.They would just go to buy in their local grocery store.But they soon realized that the carrot actually worked well and that they could turn to agricultural waste to source their material.They found that the smartest,most ecologically responsible use for the nanofibers was for protective sporting goods.And in particular,motorcycle helmets,which have to be both strong and light.That's right: Motorcycle helmets of the future might be made from carrots,not carbon.‎ The question here,first of all,was to see what could be a possible market for such a new fiber,from an ecological point but also from the economic and technical angles too,"David Hepworth says.That's where the helmet comes in.They found that protective sporting goods,which need stiff,strong,light fibers and low economic overhead,were some of the best use cases for Curran.David Hepworth and his team are also looking at the possibility of using it in surfboards and insulation（隔离板）for mobile homes.‎ The challenge now is taking the material from the lab to mass production.And,making sure that it's still ecologically smart on a grander scale.It doesn't make sense to develop a material from biowaste if there's no use for it.Or if turning it into a useable product takes more energy than the non-renewable choice. ‎ ‎32.Why was the carrot chosen by the Scottish scientists at first?‎ A.It worked best. B.It could be convenient to get.‎ C.It is easy to be broken into pieces. D.It did little harm to the environment.‎ ‎33.What is special about Curran compared with other fibers?‎ A.Its shape. B.Its length. C.Its quality. D.Its weight.‎ ‎34.Which is a challenge for using the new material mentioned at present?‎ A.How to use it widely. B.How to make it cheaper.‎ C.How to study it out of the lab. D.Flow to get it in large amounts.‎ ‎35.Which can best serve as the title for the text?‎ A.Ways to Reuse Biological Wastes B.Coming Helmets Made of Carrots C.The Solutions to Dangerous Riding D.The Challenge in Producing Helmets 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ It was a beautiful morning in New Mexico.I was running up the mountain.I was carrying a loaf of bread,two pounds of apples,and a fresh change of clothes.This i not a crazy dream I had.Like many people,I often run errands on my way to work.Unlike most people,I take the running part "word by word"._36_I don't drive.I rarely bike.So to get places,I run.In a typical week,I run about 70 miles.‎ I haven’t always run everywhere._37_After a long but productive day,I woke up in the hospital—I was diagnosed with epilepsy（癫痫）.There were medical tests to be taken and of course lots of forms to be filled in.I realized that where I thought I had answers,there were only questions.I was about to move to Santa Fe for a dream job.Would it be safe to live there alone?_38_What if I had a seizure（发作）while I was running,in this town I didn't know,far from my family?So I sat down,and penned down what I planned to do.So it got started.‎ Running means independence.Running meant I could rely on myself._39_Now I still run everywhere,even if I don't need to anymore._40_I cannot imagine my life without it.Running has taught me lo not be afraid.To accept what comes.Even if people think I look silly running.‎ A.No one believes in me.‎ B.Running meant a choice.‎ C.As a matter of fact,I run everywhere.‎ D.But another question jumped at me in no time.‎ E.I know I will have to stop somewhere in my life.‎ F.It turns out that my illness hasn't shape me,but running has.‎ G.It started one evening more than eight years ago during a work trip.‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ My friend called me over to the play area.My heart_41_.The look on her face pretty much_42_it all.I saw my 25-momh-old sitting with her head_43_low next to your little boy as his checks were red with lots of tears.‎ The play area was quite crazy and you hadn't_44_yet realized what my little girl had done to your son.My_45_ maternal（母亲的）reaction was to hold your precious poor baby up in my arms and immediately_46_you.As we exchanged_47_,you immediately_48_to hug him and comfort him in your arms.You didn't_49_me or my child and I will be honest-I wouldn't have_50_if you did.‎ I could blame it on the_51_she's going through,as we are experiencing a tight family budget.I could think of where I must have gone wrong as she has met this kind of matter before and clearly not learned her_52_.I could run through several valid reasons of why if us is_53_,and I just wished it wouldn't have happened at all,_54_speaking.‎ As I sat in great embarrassment and shame,I was so_55_you had got them.There were many days when we were left to feel so helpless and_56_where we went wrong.Today you kept_57_.You didn't point fingers at my sometimes badly-behaved 25-month-old girl.You_58_that neither of us wanted to be in the position,and you didn't make it harder on me or my daughter who made a bad_59_.You made this Mama off our realize that my children are _60_,and they make mistakes.‎ ‎41.A.beat B.brightened C.flied D.sank ‎42.A.suggested B.mentioned C.drew D.stopped ‎43.A.sticking B.falling C.handing D.hanging ‎44.A.also B.even C.just D.never ‎45.A.intelligent B.natural C.regretful D.forced ‎46.A.watch out for B.stand for C.cheer for D.look for ‎47.A.toys B.gifts C.eyes D.opinions ‎48.A.devoted B.contributed C.applied D.reached ‎49.A.judged B.ignored C.looked D.responded ‎50.A.run away B.held on C.broken down D.given up ‎51.A.surprise B.stage C.examination D.game ‎52.A.skill B.study C.intention D.lesson ‎53.A.normal B.regular C.occasional D.advanced ‎54.A.generally B.frankly C.relatively D.roughly ‎55.A.grateful B.hopeful C.fearful D.careful ‎56.A.admire B.remind C.prove D.question ‎57.A.still B.cool C.energetic D.curious ‎58.A.refused B.expected C.understood D.doubted ‎59.A.apology B.wish C.performance D.promise ‎60.A.humans B.friends C.failures D.heroes 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Two self-driving buses have rolled out on to the public roads of Helsinki,Finland,in the first trials_61_its kind. The Easymile electric mini-buses,able to carry up to 12 people,will run on the open roads of Helsinki's Hernesaari district.“_62_is no more than a handful of these kinds of street traffic trials taking place.”Harri Santamala,test project lead said.‎ Finland_63_(become) a top leader m automated technology development and testing recently because,unlike most of the rest of the world,Finnish law does not require vehicles on public roads to have a driver.Obstacles_64_ (meet) in many other firms and research groups that looked to test autonomous vehicles in the US and Europe have been removed.‎ Operating such a system has proven a(n)_65_(true) difficult challenge.The city traffic will provide hard points for the buses to overcome,since they have to work_66_common cars and other road users may not be predictable. The buses have a maximum speed of 40km/h but will travel at an average speed of 10km/h,thus_67_(lead) them to be slow-moving vehicles during rush_68_(hour).‎ Helsinki is several years into its 10-year plan to make car ownership pointless through point-to-point "mobility on demand" systems.Two years_69_,the smart bus service Kutsuplus had been shut down due to costs and the low volume of passengers._70_is expected to happen that small automated buses could make a difference when present human-operated transport has proved inefficient with government funds.‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎ 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ I will say something about a foreign place that I want to stay for a leisure time.It is Britain,an European country. Here is my reasons.First,there're lots of tourism destinations in Britain,with millions of people come from all over the world to enjoy.I am strongly attracting.Moreover,there are many great people I admired a lot.such as Shakespeare, Dickens and so on.‎ If I can go to Britain,I will spend at least one and two days in London.Then I will pay a visit to Shakespeare hometown myself to know him better.And I will visit to people in the countryside to have a better understanding of the local culture.‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ 假定你是李华。某英文杂志在举行“我看文明旅游”（My Views on Civilized Tour）的征文活动。请你用英文写一篇参赛稿件，说明文明旅游的重要性及人们应该如何践行。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎ ‎ 英语参考答案 ‎21-23 ABD 24-27 BABD 28-31 ADCD 32-35 BCDB 36-40 CGDBF ‎41-45 DADBB 46-50 DCDAB 51-55 BDABA 56-60 DBCCA ‎61.of 62.There 63.has become 64.met 65.truly ‎66.where 67.leading 68.hours 69.earlier/before 70.It 短文改错：‎ 第一句：that改为where；‎ 第二句：an改为a；‎ 第三句：is改为are；‎ 第四句：come改为coming；enjoy后加them；‎ 第五句：attracting改为attracted；‎ 第六句：admired改为admire；‎ 第七句：and改为or；‎ 第八句：Shakespeare改为Shakespeare's；‎ 第九句：去掉to；‎ 书面表达：‎ Responsible or civilized tourism behaviors are of great importance for everyone. Cultural relics and natural scenery belong to everyone, including the generations to come, so we should protect them. And good tourism behaviors can have a good effect on others to follow.‎ First, when we enjoy ourselves in tour sites, don't throw rubbish everywhere—you can take a small bag with you, and then throw them in the dustbin. Second, don't draw or write anything on the walls or anywhere, for it will be very annoying and it is hard to remove later. Besides, be friendly to the workers and other visitors, and give a hand if help is needed.‎ Join in and work together to make a difference!‎