【英语】2019届二轮复习书面表达专题如何写议论文的主体（7页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习书面表达专题如何写议论文的主体（7页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习书面表达专题 如何写议论文的主体 如何写议论文的主体 议论文读写任务型作文指的是根据阅读材料所描述的某一事件、现象、观点或话题发表个人观点、意见和建议的一类读写任务，其实质就是要求考生根据题目要求写议论文。英语议论文有其独特的框架结构，能让读者迅速捕捉作者的观点和思路，值得考生模仿。其写作思路如下：‎ 一、开门见山引出论点 在文章开头，通过主题句鲜明地提出观点或引出将要论述的内容，防止在论述的过程中跑题。常用的句式有：‎ 过渡/引出话题 There is no doubt that ...‎ It can not be denied that ...‎ No one can ignore the fact that ...‎ From what is mentioned above, we know ...‎ 提出观点 From my point of view ...‎ As far as I am concerned ...‎ I hold the view/belief that ...‎ Personally, I believe that ...‎ 表达立场 Actually, I am in favour of the idea that ... ‎ In some way, I am against the thought that ...‎ 二、多种形式展示论据 议论文在写作手法上以议论为主，如通过对比观点、阐述原因、列举例子等进行议论，但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法。议论中的说明常为议论的开展创造条件或是对议论的补充；叙述和描写应是为论点提供依据，因此，叙述应该是概括的，描写应该是简要的。议论文常用的句式有：‎ 总述原因 There are several reasons that contribute to ... ‎ My views are based on the following reasons.‎ 分层论述 To begin with/First of all ...Besides/Furthermore/...Finally/Last but not (the) least ... ‎ On (the) one hand ...On the other hand ...‎ For one thing ...For another ...‎ 列举例子 Take ...for example. ‎ For example/instance ...‎ 引出经历 It reminds me of the time when ... ‎ What impresses me most is that ...‎ 分析因果 Thanks to/Owing to/Because of ... ‎ Consequently/Therefore/Thus/As a result ...‎ 讨论后果 Just imagine what would be like if there were no ...‎ 三、总结升华，重申观点 在文中或文末，考生可以用不同的语言重申主题或提出解决问题的建议，从而使文章结构严谨、主题鲜明。常用的句式有：‎ To sum up/In short/In conclusion/On the whole/All in all ...‎ Taking all the factors into account, we can draw a conclusion that ...‎ From the discussion above, it can be safely concluded that ...‎ Therefore, it is necessary for us to ...‎ To be brief, we should be aware of the importance of ...‎ Only when we/Only by ..., can we ...‎ ‎(2018·盐城高三模拟)请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ What can you do when you are unhappy? If you want to let out your anger or pressure by breaking things, you just do. Now a school in Nanjing has ‎ built a “stress wall” to help students who feel unhappy due to heavy schoolwork or for other reasons.‎ The leader of the school said the idea of a stress wall started when footprints were found on some newly painted walls and some school windows were broken.‎ ‎“These things happen because some students feel lots of pressure from their studies or because they don't get along well with other students. When under stress, the body gets ready to either run or fight and becomes very nervous. Hitting the wall can help relax the body and take away stress，” he said.‎ ‎“Tests and homework make me sad，” said a junior girl, “I can't wait to hit the wall. It will help me a lot with my problems.” However, another girl student who wouldn't give her name said，“The wall won't help because it can't talk，” and she added，“I need to talk to someone when I'm sad.”‎ ‎[写作内容]‎ ‎1．以约30个单词概括短文内容；‎ ‎2．以约120个单词就“Should the stress wall be built”这一主题发表你的看法，包括以下要点：‎ ‎(1)学生的压力来源；‎ ‎(2)是否该建此墙并说明理由；‎ ‎(3)如认为不该建请提供一些其他有效的减压方式。‎ ‎[写作要求]‎ ‎1．可以参照阅读材料但不得直接引用原文的句子；‎ ‎2．作文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称。‎ ‎[评分标准]‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ ‎[审题]‎ 审题时应做到：‎ ‎(1)定时态：一般现在时。‎ ‎(2)定人称：第一和第三人称。‎ ‎[谋篇]‎ 第一段：概括短文内容。‎ 第二段：压力来源。‎ 第三段：我的观点。‎ 第四段：减压方法。‎ ‎[满分范文]‎ ‎①The passage conveys to us that to help students with stress, a school built a “stress wall” for students to relax, towards which students hold different opinions.‎ ‎②Nowadays, students are under great pressure, mainly coming from their school work as well as peer relationship.‎ ‎③As far as I am concerned, building a stress wall is not appropriate. ④For one thing, even if students punch the wall heavily, the true stress in the bottom of their hearts can not be let out. ⑤For another, this may lead to the result of solving a problem with violence of fixing a bad temper, which has bad effects on their health growth.‎ ‎⑥In order to decrease our stress, here are my suggestions. ⑦To begin with, we can design more outdoor activities for students to get rid of the stress. ⑧What's more, it is strongly suggested that we should take part in some sports events, which can surely help students out of stress and improve their health at the same time. ⑨All in all, only when we let out the stress properly can we live a happy school life.‎ ‎[满分缘由]‎ ‎1．行文架构 ‎(1)概括短文内容 ‎　↓‎ ‎(2)压力来源：学习和同学关系 ‎　↓‎ ‎(3)我的观点：不赞成建压力墙；两个方面去阐述 ‎　↓‎ ‎(4)减压建议：参加课外活动；体育锻炼 ‎2．亮点词汇 hold different opinions, as far as I am concerned, for one thing, in the bottom of one's heart, for another, to begin with, what's more, get ride of, all in all ‎3．亮点句式 句①含有宾语从句和定语从句；‎ 句②coming from ...为现在分词作非限制性定语；‎ 句③building ...为动名词作主语；‎ 句⑤中含有which引导的定语从句；‎ 句⑧中使用了句式it is suggested that ...和which引导的定语从句；　‎ 句⑨中使用了倒装句。‎ ‎[句式改写]‎ ‎1．用定语从句改写句②‎ Nowadays, students are under great pressure, which_mainly_comes_from_their_school_work_as_well_as_peer_relationship.‎ ‎2．用chances are that ...和by doing ...改写句⑦‎ To_begin_with,_chances_are_that_students_can_get_rid_of_the_stress_by_designing_more_outdoor_activities.‎ ‎(2018·南通市高三模拟)请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ President Xi Jinping stated that Chinese tourists should be better behaved when travelling abroad. “Our citizens should be educated to behave in a civilized way when travelling abroad. Do not throw water ‎ bottles everywhere. Do not damage coral reefs. Eat more sea food and less instant noodles. Spend more to help local economies grow，” said Xi Jinping.‎ Chinese tourism abroad has grown rapidly. It is reported that 100 million citizens travelled abroad last year, and that number is expected to double by 2020 as individual wealth grows along with the economy.‎ Yet the awareness of proper manners has not grown as fast as the number of tourists. Some Chinese tourists have been heavily criticized in recent years for misbehaving while travelling abroad for reasons such as being noisy, jumping queues and damaging cultural relics. Recently, incidents like Chinese tourists drawing graffiti (涂鸦) in an ancient Egyptian temple have severely damaged the image of Chinese holidaymakers.‎ In response, the Chinese government has made great efforts to educate Chinese tourists on appropriate behaviour when travelling both abroad and within China.‎ ‎[写作内容]‎ ‎1．用约30个单词写出上文概要；‎ ‎2．用约120个单词阐述你对文明出游的看法，并用2～3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。‎ ‎[写作要求]‎ ‎1．写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；‎ ‎2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；‎ ‎3．不必写标题。‎ ‎[评分标准]‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ 参考范文：‎ The growth in overseas Chinese tourism has been matched by some tourists' bad behaviour abroad. Consequently, the government is taking action to ensure a positive image to the outside world.‎ The media is full of examples of people behaving badly when travelling ‎ abroad. Unfortunately, a small but very visible minority of tourists frequently ignore local traditions and act in loud, overbearing and illmannered ways.‎ Such behaviour causes damage on different levels. It hurts the feelings of local people and creates illwill among them. In extreme cases, that may even damage important cultural monuments, reducing the world's cultural heritage. As a result, it injures the reputation of the tourists' own country.　‎ For these reasons it is essential that tourists should behave appropriately when overseas. They should respect the law and customs of the places they visit, be friendly and fair to local people and develop a better understanding of the local culture.‎