2019届一轮复习北师大版选修六Unit17Laughter单元学案设计（31页word解析版）

2019届一轮复习北师大版选修六Unit17Laughter单元学案设计（31页word解析版）

写作句型锤炼 主体段落常用句型锤炼：as引导的定语从句 先熟读背诵——精彩句型烂熟于心 ‎1.As is known to us/As we all know, knowledge is power.‎ 众所周知，知识就是力量。‎ ‎2. As is always the case with language learning, Mandarin learning also calls for lots of practice.‎ 和学习语言一样，学习普通话也需要大量的练习。(2015·四川卷·满分作文)‎ ‎3.This is such a difficult question as nobody can work out.‎ 这是一个那么难的问题，没人能解决。‎ ‎4.This is the same computer as I bought the other day.‎ 这台电脑和我前几天买的那台电脑属于同一款。(同一类)‎ ‎5.As has been said above, grammar is not a set of dead rules.‎ 正如上面所说的，语法不是一套死规则。‎ ‎6.I’ve never seen such a talented young man as he is.‎ 我从未见过像他这样才华横溢的年轻人。‎ 后临摹仿写——妙语佳句信手拈来 ‎1.他们用孩子们能听懂的简单的英语交谈。‎ They_talked_in_such_simple_English_as_children_could_understand.‎ ‎2.这个书包和我昨天丢失的(书包)相似。‎ This_is_the_same_schoolbag_as_I_lost_yesterday.‎ ‎3.我会提供给你一些你可能用得着的东西。‎ I_will_provide_you_with_such_things_as_you_may_need.‎ ‎[会书写]‎ 一、核心单词 ‎1.scold vt.　　　　　　　　　骂，责骂 ‎2.forbid vt. 禁止，不准 ‎3.delay n. 延误，延期 ‎4.acknowledge vt. 认可，承认 ‎5.figure n. 人物 ‎6.obtain vt. 得到，获得 ‎7.starve vi. 挨饿，饿死 二、阅读单词 ‎1.withdraw vt. 提取；撤退 ‎2.overlook vt. 忽视 ‎3.forgetful adj. 健忘的 ‎4.clarify vt. 澄清，讲清楚 ‎5.tough adj. 艰难的；不幸的；_强壮的，强健的 ‎6.anecdote n. 轶事，趣闻 ‎7.ridiculous adj. 荒谬的，可笑的 ‎8.compensate vt. 补偿，赔偿 ‎9.genius n. 天才 ‎10.component n. 成分，组成部分 ‎11.tournament n. 锦标赛，联赛 ‎12.psychology n. 心理学 ‎13.authority n. 权威，权力 三、拓展单词 ‎1.response n.回答→respond v.回答，答复 ‎2.harmony n.协调，和谐→harmonious adj.和谐的，协调的 ‎3.politician n.政治家→political adj.政治的→politics n.政治 ‎4.amuse vt.逗乐，使(某人)笑→amusement n.娱乐，消遣；快乐的事→amused adj.娱乐的，觉得好笑的→amusing adj.逗人笑的，好笑的 ‎5.scared adj.惊恐的，担惊受怕的→scare vt.使恐惧→scary adj.可怕的，(某人)吓得发抖的 ‎6.accomplish vt.取得(成功)，完成(任务)→accomplishment n.功绩，成就 ‎7.astonish vt.使惊讶，使惊骇→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonished adj.惊讶的→astonishment n.惊奇 ‎8.profession n.职业，专业→professional adj.职业的，专业的 ‎9.disgusting adj.厌恶的→disgust n.厌恶，厌烦 v.使人厌烦→disgusted adj.感到恶心的，厌烦的 ‎10.resist vt.抵抗，抵制→resistance n.抵抗，反抗；抵制→resistant adj.抵抗的，有抵制力的 ‎11.caution n.谨慎，小心→cautious adj.谨慎的，小心的→cautiously adv.谨慎小心地 ‎12.desperate adj.不顾一切的；绝望的→desperately adv.不顾一切地→desperation n.绝望，不顾一切 ‎13.convince vt.使相信→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.相信的，信任的 ‎[会积累]‎ ‎1.“承认”表达种种 ‎①acknowledge v.　　　　　承认 ‎②admit v. 承认，供认 ‎③recognize v. 承认；认出 ‎2.由figure想到的 ‎①VIP 重要人物 ‎②a historical figure 历史人物 ‎③a heroic figure 英雄人物 ‎④typical characters 典型人物 ‎⑤a big shot/a somebody 大人物 ‎⑥a small potato/a nobody 小人物 ‎3.“金融”相关词荟萃 ‎①withdraw vt. 提取 ‎②budget n. 预算(案)‎ ‎③capital n. 资金；资本 ‎④cheque n. 支票 ‎⑤interest n. 利息 ‎⑥account n. 账目；账户 ‎4.盘点over-开头动词 ‎①overlook 忽视 ‎②overuse 使用过度 ‎③overdo 做得过分 ‎④overdraw 透支 ‎⑤overestimate 高估 ‎⑥overflow 漫出；溢出 ‎5.-fy结尾动词集汇 ‎①clarify 澄清 ‎②simplify 简化 ‎③beautify 美化 ‎④classify 分类 ‎⑤purify 净化 ‎⑥satisfy 使满意 ‎⑦terrify 恐吓 ‎⑧qualify 使具备资格 ‎[会应用]　用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1.Grandfather is forgetful (forget) and often repeats himself when he tells a story.‎ ‎2.If everyone can live in harmony with others，our society will become more harmonious.(harmony)‎ ‎3.His convincing words finally convinced me，and I was convinced that he was innocent.(convince)‎ ‎4.Seeing the scary film，Mary was almost scared to death.(scare)‎ ‎5.To the audience’s amusement，the actor’s amusing performance really amused them and they all felt amused.(amuse)‎ ‎6.She becomes more and more desperate in the days of desperation，but she still saves the situation desperately.(desperate)‎ ‎7.It is reported that Wang Fei didn’t respond to her divorce while her friends had different responses to it.(response)‎ ‎8.The politician said that he became interested in political affairs due to his politics teacher.(politics)‎ ‎9.To our astonishment，the famous star died.That’s to say，we were astonished at the news of her sudden death，and it was really astonishing.(astonish)‎ ‎10.My mother is cautious about the knife.So she often asks us to use it with caution and every time she finishes using it，she often puts it away cautiously.(caution)‎ Ⅱ.核心短语—识记·联想·运用 ‎[会书写]‎ ‎1.wait_in_line 　　　　　　　　排队 ‎2.result_in 导致，造成 ‎3.run_into 撞上；陷入 ‎4.get_rid_of 处理掉，摆脱 ‎5.burst_out_laughing 突然笑起来 ‎6.cash_a_cheque 兑现支票 ‎7.fool_around 胡闹，瞎弄；虚度光阴，闲荡 ‎8.from_time_to_time 不时地 ‎9.put on 假装；穿上；上映 ‎10.turn sb off 令人讨厌 ‎11.regardless of 不管，不顾 ‎12.do sb good 对某人有益 ‎13.play around 四处游戏 ‎14.pull faces 做鬼脸 ‎15.thanks to 幸亏；由于 ‎[会积累]‎ ‎1.“导致”短语荟萃 ‎①result in　　　　导致；结果是 ‎②lead to 导致；造成 ‎③contribute to 促成；有助于 ‎④bring about 导致；引起 ‎⑤give rise to 导致；造成 ‎⑥account for 解释；导致 ‎2.“动词＋on”必备短语一览 ‎①put on 假装；穿上；上映 ‎②keep on 继续前进/工作 ‎③live on 继续存在，靠……为生 ‎④go on 前进，继续 ‎⑤move on 继续前进 ‎⑥insist on 坚持 ‎⑦pass on 传递 ‎⑧carry on 继续，坚持 ‎[会应用]　选用上表左栏短语填空 ‎1.I don’t think she was hurt.She was just putting it on.‎ ‎2.Thanks_to your help，we succeeded in solving the problem.‎ ‎3.These safety measures will result_in the reduction of traffic accidents.‎ ‎4.Only in this way can you get_rid_of your headache.‎ ‎5.People had been turned_off by both candidates in the election.‎ ‎6.I nearly ran_into a bus when it stopped suddenly in front of me.‎ ‎7.Though cold，the kids were playing_around outside.‎ ‎8.He serves the people heart and soul，regardless_of his personal gain or loss.‎ Ⅲ.经典句式—分析·背诵·仿写 句型公式1：have trouble (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”‎ ‎[教材原句]　Have you ever had trouble trying to spell a word?‎ 你有没有拼不出单词的时候？‎ ‎[句型仿写]　You may_have_trouble(in)_finding_this_page，but it’s worth the effort!‎ 找到这个页面您可能会有些麻烦，但是这份努力是很值得的。‎ 句型公式2：状语从句的省略 ‎[教材原句]　While still at primary school，Rowan had already shown admirable acting talent.‎ 还在上小学时，罗恩就已经表现出令人赞叹的表演天赋。‎ ‎[句型仿写]　While_in_trouble，you can turn to her for help.‎ 遇到麻烦的时候你可以向她求助。‎ 句型公式3：“of＋名词”结构 ‎[教材原句]　I felt at least forty more of the same kind following the first.‎ 跟着第一个，我又感觉到了至少40多个同样的(人)。‎ ‎[句型仿写]　The e-dictionary my father bought me is of_great_help to my English study.‎ 爸爸给我买的电子词典对我的英语学习很有帮助。‎ Ⅳ.语篇填空—回顾·补全·热诵 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Family harmony Mr Wang was planning to go on a holiday.In order not 1.to_overlook (overlook) his daughter’s opinion，he asked her 2.where she would like to go，Hainan Island or Thailand.She 3.replied (reply) that she’d like to go to Thailand.He wondered about her 4.response (respond)，and just to clarify，he asked her another question.This time she didn’t hesitate，and said she’d like to go to Hainan Island 5.because she went to Thailand on the last trip.‎ Memory loss One afternoon，a flight to New York at Heathrow airport 6.was_cancelled (cancel) because of a heavy snow.One 7.unfortunate (fortune) counter agent was dealing with an angry man，8.who had been queuing for some time and pushed his way to the front in order to get a first class seat on this flight.The young agent said sorry 9.to him and asked him to wait his turn.He yelled at the young girl and said “DO YOU KNOW WHO I AM？” The girl smiled and said10.loudly (loud)，“We have a passenger here WHO DOES NOT KNOW WHO HE IS.”‎ Ⅴ.语篇改错—回顾·修正·热诵 文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ Mr Bean is an international recognised comedy character.He constantly gets into awkward and absurd situations，that greatly amuses audiences.The humour is always made clearly through a series of simple and funny acts.One of my favourite show has Mr Bean in a fancy restaurant.When he looks at the menu，an astonishing look swiftly appears on his face.He takes all the money out his wallet，counts it and put it in a saucer.Then she orders a dish but he finds it disgusting.He pretends that everything is good.Therefore，he busies himself hiding the raw meat in anywhere when the waiters are not looking.‎ 答案 Mr Bean is an recognised comedy character.He constantly gets into awkward and absurd situations， greatly amuses audiences.The humour is always made through a series of simple and funny acts.One of my favourite has Mr Bean in a fancy restaurant.When he looks at the menu，an look swiftly appears on his face.He takes all the money out his wallet，counts it and it in a saucer.Then orders a dish but he finds it disgusting.He pretends that ‎ everything is good.，he busies himself hiding the raw meat anywhere when the waiters are not looking.‎ ‎[核 心 词 汇]‎ ‎1.harmony n.协调，和谐 ‎(1)be in harmony with... 与……协调一致 be out of harmony with... 与……不协调 live in harmony 和睦相处 ‎(2)harmonious adj. 协调的；和睦的，友好的 ‎①I have a dream that humans could live_in_harmony_with the beautiful nature.‎ 我有一个梦想，那就是人类能与美丽的大自然和谐共处。‎ ‎②When children grow up，their ideas will be_out_of_harmony_with their parents’.‎ 当孩子长大了，他们的想法就会和父母的不协调。‎ ‎③President Xi said at the meeting，“We Chinese should work together for a harmonious (harmony)society.”‎ 习主席在这次会议上指出：“我们中华民族应团结起来共建和谐社会。”‎ ‎2.delay n.& v.延误，延期 ‎(1)without delay　　　　　立即，立刻，毫不耽搁 one’s delay in doing sth 某人延迟做某事 ‎(2)delay doing sth(＝put off doing sth)‎ ‎ 延迟做某事 ‎①Having learned that I was in trouble，he came to my aid without_delay.‎ 得知我陷入困境后，他立即赶来帮助我。‎ ‎②He delayed telling (tell) her the news，waiting for the right moment.‎ 他没有马上把消息告诉她，等有了适当的时机再说。‎ ‎3.acknowledge vt.承认；认为；告知收到；感谢 ‎(1)acknowledge sth/that...　承认……‎ acknowledge doing... 承认做过……‎ acknowledge...as/to be 认为……是(常用于被动形式)‎ It is generally/widely/universally acknowledged that...‎ ‎ ……是大家公认的 ‎ (2)acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢 ‎①The boy acknowledged stealing/having_stolen (steal) his neighbour’s peaches.‎ ‎→The boy acknowledged that he had_stolen (steal) his neighbour’s peaches.‎ 那个男孩承认偷过邻居家的桃子。‎ ‎②Song Zuying is_acknowledged_to_be/as one of the best singers in the world.‎ 宋祖英被认为是世界上最好的歌唱家之一。‎ ‎③It_is_universally/widely_acknowledged_that computers and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society.‎ 人们普遍认为，计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。‎ ‎[熟词生义]　读句子猜含义 ‎④I gratefully acknowledge financial support from several local businesses.感谢 ‎[名师指津]　‎ ‎(1)acknowledge表示承认做了某事，其后可接动名词，也可接that从句，但通常不接不定式。‎ ‎(2)acknowledge后虽不能接不定式作宾语，但可接不定式作宾补。‎ ‎4.resist vt.抵抗，抵制 ‎(1)resist doing sth　　反对做某事 can’t resist doing sth 忍不住做某事 ‎(2)resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的 be resistant to sth 对……有抵抗力 ‎(3)resistance n. 抗拒；反对 ‎①When children find some things boring，they will resist doing (do)them.‎ 当孩子们发现一些事情无聊时，他们就会抵制去做。‎ ‎②The watch that was 50% off was beautiful，so I couldn’t_resist_buying it.‎ 那块打五折的手表很漂亮，所以我忍不住买下它。‎ ‎③Many young girls aren’t resistant (resist)to some delicious food，so they become fat.‎ 许多年轻女孩抵制不住美食的诱惑，因此就变胖了。‎ ‎[名师指津]　resist表示“忍住”时，常与表示否定意义的can’t/can hardly/be not able to 连用；resist 后常接动词-ing形式，不接不定式。‎ ‎5.forbid vt.禁止，不准 ‎(1)forbid doing sth　　　禁止做某事 禁止某人做某事 forbid sb sth 禁止某人某事 ‎(2)forbidden adj. 禁止的；不准的 ‎①We should take measures to forbid returning(return) illegal cooking oil to dinner tables.‎ 我们应采取措施禁止地沟油回流餐桌。‎ ‎②They are all forbidden (forbid)to enter the patient’s room except doctors and nurses and those invited by Mr.Hu.‎ 除了医生和护士及胡先生邀请来的那些人外，其他人都不允许进入病人的房间。‎ ‎③His father forbade him to go to any net bar for the sake of his study.‎ ‎→His father forbade his/him (he) going to any net bar for the sake of his study.‎ ‎→His father forbade him from going to any net bar for the sake of his study.‎ 为了他的学习，他父亲禁止他去任何网吧。‎ ‎④She forbade_her_children_sweets，which is of great benefit to their teeth.‎ 她不准她的孩子们吃糖，这对于他们的牙齿很有好处。‎ ‎[名师指津]　像forbid一样既能用于“动词＋宾语＋to do sth”结构又能直接跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词还有：allow (允许)，advise (建议)，permit (许可)等。‎ ‎6.astonish vt.使惊讶；使惊奇 ‎(1)It astonishes/astonished sb that...‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　使人吃惊的是……‎ ‎(2)astonishment n. [U]惊奇，惊异 to one’s astonishment＝to the astonishment of sb ‎ 令人吃惊的是 ‎(3)astonished adj. 吃惊的，惊讶的 astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的 ‎①It_astonished_me_that she had changed so little.‎ 她几乎没怎么改变，这让我很惊讶。‎ ‎②To his astonishment(astonish)，the author turned out to be a young girl.‎ 令他感到惊讶的是，作者原来是一位年轻的姑娘。‎ ‎[一言串记]　The news that our team lost the match astonished all the people.But much to our astonishment，the boss wasn’t astonished at the astonishing news.Everybody wondered very much and looked at him in astonishment.‎ 我们队比赛失败的消息让所有人惊讶。但让我们更惊讶的是，老板对这一令人惊讶的消息却一点也不感到惊讶。大家都很疑惑，惊讶地看着他。‎ ‎7.convince vt.使人信服；使相信 ‎(1)convince sb to do sth　说服某人做某事 convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事 convince sb that... 使某人相信……‎ ‎(2)be convinced of... 确信……；相信……‎ be convinced that... 确信……‎ ‎(3)convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的 ‎①His mother has been trying to convince him to_see(see) a doctor.‎ 他妈妈一直设法说服他去看医生。‎ ‎②As an applicant，you’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.‎ 作为求职者，你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。‎ ‎③On closer investigation you will be_convinced_of his dishonesty.‎ 一经仔细调查，你就会确信他是不诚实的。‎ ‎④There is now convincing (convince)evidence that smoking can cause lung cancer.‎ 现在有令人信服的证据说明吸烟能导致肺癌。‎ ‎8.result in造成，导致，结果是 ‎(1)result in(＝cause)　 引起；导致；造成(后接结果)‎ result from 由于……而引起(后接原因)‎ ‎(2)as a result 结果 as a result of... 由于……的结果 without result(＝in vain) 没有结果；白费 ‎①The football match was put off because of the storm.‎ ‎→The football match was put off as a result of the storm.‎ 由于暴风雨，足球赛被推迟了。‎ ‎②His failure resulted from his carelessness.‎ ‎→His carelessness resulted in his failure.‎ ‎→He was careless.As a result，he failed.‎ 他的失败是由他的粗心造成的。‎ ‎[名师指津]　result in“导致/造成……的结果”相当于lead to/cause/bring about，后面跟表示结果的名词或动名词；result from“(由于……而)发生，产生”相当于lie in，后跟表示原因的名词或动名词。‎ ‎9.run into撞上；遭遇(困难、问题等)；偶然遇见 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中run into的含义 ‎①The Titanic ran into the iceberg and sank in the sea.撞上 ‎②He ran into Cathy in the hall a few minutes later.偶然遇见 ‎③They agreed to sell it last year after they ran into financial problems.遭遇 run across　　偶然遇见，无意中发现 run after 追赶；追逐；追求 run away 逃跑 run over 撞倒 run through 穿过 ‎④Mary was fond of running_after every new fashion when she was young.‎ 玛丽年轻时喜欢赶时髦。‎ ‎⑤No sooner had the prisoner run_away than he was captured again.‎ 那个犯人刚逃走就又被抓获了。‎ ‎[一言串记]　Yesterday I ran into an accident.A man was run over by a car.What made us angry was that the driver ran away in no time.Many of us tried to run after him，but without result.The news quickly ran through the city and people all condemned the driver’s bad behavior.‎ 昨天我偶遇了一起车祸。一个男人被一辆汽车辗过。让我们生气的是，司机立刻跑了。我们中的许多人想追他，但没有结果。消息很快地传遍城市，人们都谴责司机的不良行为。‎ ‎10.regardless of不管，不顾 ‎①He constantly gets into awkward and absurd situations，which greatly amuses audiences regardless_of_their_nationality_or_culture.(教材原句)‎ 他经常陷入一种笨拙和可笑的情景中，不管国籍和文化，观众都会被逗得开怀大笑。‎ ‎[易混辨析]　regardless of，in spite of regardless of ‎“不管，不顾”，相当于without considering，侧重不计后果和代价 in spite of＝despite ‎“尽管，虽然”，表示“让步”之意 选用以上词语填空 ‎②In_spite_of great efforts he failed to earn enough money to decorate the house.However，he decided to decorate it regardless_of the cost.‎ 尽管他付出了巨大的努力，但他没能赚到足够的钱来装修房子。然而，他决定不管花多少钱都要装饰它。‎ ‎[重 点 句 型]‎ While_still_at_primary_school，Rowan had already shown admirable acting talent.‎ 还在上小学时，罗恩就已经表现出令人赞叹的表演天分。‎ ‎(1)while still at primary school为省略句，完整形式为：while he was still at primary school。在含有状语从句的复合句中，若主、从句的主语一致或从句的主语是it且从句的谓语部分含be动词，这时可以把从句的主语和be动词一起省略。能这样用的连词有when，while，if，once，though，unless，as，if，even if等。‎ ‎①If(it_is)possible，this machine can be changed for a new one.‎ 可能的话，这台机器可以换成一台新的。‎ ‎②While listening (listen)to the radio，she fell asleep.‎ 她听着收音机睡着了。‎ ‎③Even if invited(invite) to the party，I wouldn’t go.‎ 即使受邀去参加聚会，我也不会去。‎ ‎(2)while的用法归纳：‎ a.引导时间状语从句时，从句中的谓语动词应用延续性动词或表示状态的词。‎ ‎④While the discussion was still going on，George came in.‎ 当讨论还在进行时，乔治走了进来。‎ b.引导让步状语从句时，多用于句首。意为“尽管，虽然”。‎ ‎⑤While_I_admit_his_good_points，I can see his bad ones.‎ 尽管我承认他的长处，但我也看到了他的不足。‎ c.用作并列连词时，意为“而，然而”，表示前后意义上的对比或转折。‎ ‎⑥Some people waste food while_others_haven’t_enough.‎ 有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。‎ d.引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，其意思和用法相当于as long as。while可位于句首，也可位于句中。‎ ‎⑦While there is life，there is hope.‎ 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。‎ ‎[当 堂 达 标]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.We must try to live in peace and harmony(和谐) with ourselves and those around us.‎ ‎2.My mother forbids (禁止) me to marry a foreign businessman.‎ ‎3.It’s universally acknowledged (认为) that Mo Yan is one of the best writers in the world.‎ ‎4.Many young people could not resist (抵制) the spiritual pollution from the Internet.‎ ‎5.You’d better report it to the police without delay (耽搁).‎ ‎6.It astonished(使惊讶) me that no one had thought of this before.‎ ‎7.It became clear that I hadn’t been able to convince(说服) Mike.‎ ‎8.Mahatma Gandhi is both a political and religious figure (人物) in Indian history.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1.I delayed answering (answer) his letter because of my father’s illness.‎ ‎2.She acknowledged cheating (cheat) in the exam and felt ashamed of it.‎ ‎3.She is a person who cannot resist giving (give) others advice on doing things.‎ ‎4.At present，many companies forbid their workers to_drink (drink) during workdays.‎ ‎5.In this heavenly world，people live in perfect harmony with nature and outside world is forgotten.‎ ‎6.Scientists are convinced of the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.‎ ‎7.When her family received the astonishing news，everyone kept a short silence in astonishment.(astonish)‎ ‎8.His laziness resulted in his failure；that’s to say，his failure resulted from his laziness.‎ ‎9.She is determined to do it regardless of all consequences.‎ ‎10.I occasionally ran into a terrifying picture when I surfed the Internet the other day.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1.The plants will die unless watering regularly.watering→watered ‎2.The goods we offered last week are running out of.去掉of ‎3.I always can’t help bursting into laughing when I see Yue Yunpeng On TV.into→out或laughing→laughter ‎4.With the boy leading the way，we had no trouble with finding his house.第二个with→in或去掉第二个with ‎5.The astonishing expression on his face suggested that he was astonished at the extraordinary beauty of the picture.astonishing→astonished Ⅳ.句型转换 ‎1.The little girl forbids anyone to sit on her bed in any circumstances.‎ ‎→The little girl forbids anyone from sitting on her bed in any circumtances.‎ ‎2.I managed to convince them that the story was true.‎ ‎→I managed to convince them of the truth of the story.‎ ‎3.It astonished us that he actually arrived punctually.‎ ‎→What astonished us was that he actually arrived punctually.‎ ‎→To our astonishment，he actually arrived punctually.‎ ‎→We were astonished at the fact that he actually arrived punctually.‎ ‎4.The audience was amused by his performance and burst into laughter.‎ ‎→Amused by his performance，the audience burst into laughter.‎ ‎5.I find it is hard for me to make a speech in public.‎ ‎→I find it hard for me to make a speech in public.‎ ‎[课 下 作 业]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.Stores are getting desperate (绝望的) after two years of poor sale.‎ ‎2.The woman is always scolding (责骂) the children in our neighborhood.‎ ‎3.There was so little food left that we had to starve (挨饿) the next day.‎ ‎4.She was compensated (赔偿) by the insurance company for her injuries.‎ ‎5.If you suspect that there has been a misunderstanding，try to clarify (澄清) the situation by asking questions.‎ ‎6.He obtained (获得) a driver’s license after three-month training.‎ ‎7.She rarely (很少) went anywhere except to her office.‎ ‎8.He had overlooked (忽略) the fact that the back door was not locked.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1.Scared (scare) of the big dog，the child held his mother’s leg.‎ ‎2.We have found a convincing (convince) evidence of his guilt.‎ ‎3.To our amusement，all the audience were amused by the amusing crosstalk.(amuse)‎ ‎4.The guide leading the way，we had no trouble getting (get) out of the forest.‎ ‎5.In response(respond) to the audience’s great demand，the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.‎ ‎6.I always enjoyed literature at school，but the Japanese courses turned me off.‎ ‎7.The new regulations will be of benefit to everyone concerned.‎ ‎8.—When will Flight A391 leave?‎ ‎—It leaves (leave) at 8：30，but you should check in half an hour ahead of time.‎ ‎9.Food supplies in the flood-stricken area are_running (run)out.We must act immediately before there’s none left.‎ ‎10.Hurry up，or you’ll be late for work again! I don’t want you to_be_scolded (scold) for a second time!‎ Ⅲ.选词填空 wait in line，from time to time，thanks to，result in，turn...off，fool around, regardless of，burst out ‎1.Her daughters visited him from_time_to_time when he was ill.‎ ‎2.Regardless_of expense，we must take every measure to save the old man’s life.‎ ‎3.Everyone in the room burst_out laughing when they saw his funny actions.‎ ‎4.Thanks_to your help，we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.‎ ‎5.Speeding is a serious offence (违法行为)，resulting_in high fines.‎ ‎6.It really turns me off when he smokes at dinner.‎ ‎7.I meant to work on Sunday，but I just fooled_around all day.‎ ‎8.It’s good manners to wait_in_line in public places.‎ Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1.He has finished the work earlier than_(it_has_been)_expected.‎ 他完成工作比预期的要早。‎ ‎2.He does what he wants，regardless_of_what_I_say.‎ 无论我说什么，他都我行我素。‎ ‎3.It’s obvious that these flags are of_different_colours.‎ 很明显这些旗子有不同的颜色。‎ ‎4.Homeless people often have_trouble_(in)_finding a job because they have no home addresses.‎ 无家可归的人往往因为没有家庭住址而找不到工作。‎ ‎5.His parents forbid_him_from_going_out/to_go_out_alone after midnight.‎ 他父母禁止他在午夜后独自外出。‎ Ⅴ.阅读理解 When we smile，our system recognizes that there’s an absence of threat，and relaxes: It slows down our heart rate，and may temporarily reduce blood pressure，too，promoting overall heart health.Even forcing your face into a smile can reduce stress and relax your heart rate.‎ Smiling is a language that everyone understands regardless of age，race，culture，language，and nationality.We all know that when you smile at people，even strangers，they almost always smile back，spreading a kind of peace and goodwill.This ‎ contagious (有感染力的) smiling come from a subconscious tendency to match other people’s emotions.It’s why people who spend time around children，who smile often，naturally smile more than people who keep mostly adults company.‎ People who are generous with smiles are considered more likeable and approachable than people who wear a deadpan (面无表情的) expression.Consider successful salesmen and politicians.Can you imagine how we’d react if they wore sour expressions? People who smile a lot are more likely to gain our trust—and earn better tips—than someone who provides the same service with an impassive face.‎ In a study，Major League Baseball players form 1952 who wore full-faced，genuine smiles on their baseball cards lived longer，around 79.9 years，compared to players who only partly smiled or didn’t smile at all，who lived 5 to 7 years less.Smiling can make us look younger，too: People who smile frequently seem to age more slowly，appearing around three years younger than their less smiley counterparts.‎ We now have evidence that we are hardwired to smile.While smiling used to be considered a learned behavior that babies acquired at around six weeks of age，more advanced ultra-sound testing has shown that even babies who are born blind can smile.Babies have been known to make breathing and sucking movements while still in the womb (子宫)，and these reactions are thought to prepare them for their life outside.Now smiling has joined the list.Say cheese!‎ ‎[语篇解读]　本文是说明文。微笑可以使人健康，可以使人年轻，可以为人赢得好感等。‎ ‎1.What can smiling do according to Paragraph 1?‎ A.Remove your life pressure.‎ B.Improve the condition of the heart.‎ C.Make your blood pressure steady.‎ D.Prevent you from being absent-minded.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It slows down our heart rate，and may temporarily reduce blood pressure，too，promoting overall heart health” “relax your heart rate”可知，微笑可以改善心脏的健康状况，故选B项。]‎ ‎2.What should you do if you want to smile more according to the author?‎ A.Stay more with people smiling more.‎ B.Approach smart children.‎ C.Care more about others’ feelings.‎ D.Volunteer together with more strangers.‎ 答案　A　[推理判断题。根据第二段的“It’s why people who spend time around children，who smile often，naturally smile more than people who keep mostly adults company”可知，如果你想要有更多的笑容，你就要多接触爱笑的人，故选A项。]‎ ‎3.What does the author want to show by mentioning salesmen and politicians?‎ A.A false smile may hurt people.‎ B.Smiles contribute to a career.‎ C.Generous people tend to smile more.‎ D.Work pressure stops people smiling.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Consider successful salesmen and politicians...who provides the same service with an impassive face”可知，作者举成功的推销员和政治家的例子是为了说明微笑对职业发展有帮助。]‎ ‎4.What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?‎ A.Babies smile within 2 months.‎ B.Blind babies learn to smile.‎ C.Smiling is a natural ability.‎ D.Breathing and sucking are similar to smiling.‎ 答案　C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We now have evidence that we are hardwired to smile...Babies have been known to...Now smiling has joined the list”可知，作者在最后一段中暗示微笑就和呼吸和吮吸一样是婴儿生来就会的，即微笑是一种本能。故选C项。]‎ Ⅵ.完形填空 For me，two of the loveliest words in English are “life persists”.‎ I __1__ them years ago as a college student，sitting in the library，__2__，working on a paper.Out of nowhere，those words came __3__ off the page in a quote (引语)：“In ‎ the midst of death life persists，in the midst of __4__ truth persists，in the midst of darkness light persists.”‎ Suddenly I wasn’t unhappy and impatient any more.Then I __5__ my granddad.I loved to talk with him.And I was __6__to hear what he’d think of it.He had poor hearing，so I had to __7__it a few times，but once he _8_it，he laughed.“All I can say to that is totally _9_，” he said on the phone.I told him how glad I was，after a long winter，to finally see spring and _10_ to find that quote.“Why is that？” he asked.“Well，spring is a sure _11_ that life persists.And it just makes me _12_.”‎ He laughed again，and then _13_ his lovely voice，he recited for me his _14_“spring time” words：“The desert shall rejoice (高兴)，and _15_ as the rose does...even with joy and singing.”‎ Many years later，_16_ my husband and I drove across a desert with many wildflowers and blooming (盛开的) cactuses，I could _17_ hear my granddad laughing：“The desert shall rejoice.”‎ Life persists，and so do we，in the silence of _18_ and the blooming of cactuses；and in the dead of _19_ and the green of spring.Spring _20_ us that we’re alive forever.‎ ‎[语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，讲述的是作者有感于春天的活力，从偶然读到的一段话联想到生命的意义与坚持。生命长存于漫漫沙漠的植物中，长存于冬云春来的绿意中。冬去春来，生命依然长存，而我们也要继续前行。‎ ‎1.A.looked for B.happened on C.picked out D.made up 答案　B　[根据语境可知，几年前坐在大学的图书馆里作者偶然遇到这两个单词“Life persists”。happen on“偶然遇到或发现”，符合语境。pick up“挑选，辨别出”；make up“编造”。]‎ ‎2.A.bored B.concentrated C.tired D.confused 答案　A　[根据下文中的“Suddenly I wasn’t unhappy and impatient any more”可知，作者当时在图书馆里的心情是很烦闷的。故选bored“厌倦的，烦闷的”。]‎ ‎3.A.running B.dancing C.rushing D.moving 答案　B　[这两个词突然从书页上的引语中跃入作者的眼帘。dancing在此形象生动地描述了这两个词所富含的美好活力以及作者遇到它们的偶然性。]‎ ‎4.A.fear B.accusation C.suspicion D.untruth 答案　D　[在死亡中，生命依然坚持；在谎言中，真理依然长存；在黑暗中，光明依然永驻。根据句中的death与life，darkness与light的对应关系可知，此处应填truth的反义词。untruth“虚假，不真实”，符合语境。accusation“控告”；suspicion“怀疑”。]‎ ‎5.A.called B.visited C.consulted D.informed 答案　A　[根据下文中的“on the phone”可知，作者给爷爷打电话。call“(给……)打电话”。符合语境。visit“看望，拜访”；consult“咨询”；inform“告知”。]‎ ‎6.A.patient B.confident C.upset D.desperate 答案　D　[根据语境及上文中的“I loved to talk with him”可知，作者很想听到爷爷(对这句话)是怎么看的。desperate“极想，渴望”。patient“耐心的”；upset“不安的”。]‎ ‎7.A.copy B.print C.repeat D.recite 答案　C　[根据上文中的“He had poor hearing，so I had to ”和下文中的“a few times”可知，爷爷的听觉不灵，所以作者不得不多次重复(repeat)这句话。copy“抄写”；print“打印”；recite“背诵”。]‎ ‎8.A.got B.made C.undertook D.managed 答案　A　[但是一旦作者的爷爷明白(got it)了，他就笑了起来。make it“获得成功，准时到达”。]‎ ‎9.A.puzzlement B.scepticism C.agreement D.disapproval 答案　C　[根据上文中的“laughed”‎ 和下文中作者的爷爷所背诵的语句与该句话的主题一致性可知，作者的爷爷对这句话所表达的主题是完全同意的。puzzlement“疑惑”；scepticism“怀疑”；agreement“赞同，同意”；disapproval“反对，不赞成”。]‎ ‎10.A.practically B.especially C.obviously D.naturally 答案　B　[作者告诉爷爷她在漫长的冬天过后，最终看到春天，特别是偶然发现这句引语，自己是有多高兴。especially“特别，尤其”，符合语境。practically“实际地，差不多”；obviously“明显地”；naturally“自然而然地”。]‎ ‎11.A.way B.inspiration C.remark D.sign 答案　D　[春天就是一个可信的迹象，它表明生命是长存的。sign“迹象，征兆”符合语境。inspiration“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)”。]‎ ‎12.A.astonished B.energetic C.merry D.alive 答案　C　[根据上文中的“I wasn’t unhappy”，下文中的“rejoice (高兴)”“joy”及文章的主题可知，这句话使作者感到开心(merry)。astonished“震惊的”；energetic“精力充沛的”。]‎ ‎13.A.in B.with C.of D.beyond 答案　A　[作者的爷爷又笑了笑，然后用他那悦耳的嗓音为作者背诵了他最喜欢的语句。in...voice是固定搭配，表示“以……的嗓音”。]‎ ‎14.A.impressive B.superb C.classical D.favorite 答案　D　[参见上题解析。impressive“给人印象深刻的”；superb“极佳的，质量极高的”；classical“经典的”；favorite“最喜欢的”。]‎ ‎15.A.exist B.flower C.survive D.sow 答案　B　[沙漠应该高兴，像玫瑰一样盛开。根据空后的“as the rose does”可知，flower“开花”符合语境。]‎ ‎16.A.after B.when C.until D.although 答案　B　[多年后，当作者和丈夫驱车穿越一个有很多野花和盛开的仙人掌的沙漠时，她几乎又听到了爷爷笑着说“沙漠应该高兴”。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导时间状语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故选when。]‎ ‎17.A.hardly B.always C.almost D.mostly 答案　C　[参见上题解析。almost“几乎，差不多”，符合语境。]‎ ‎18.A.journeys B.words C.world D.desert 答案　D　[根据空后的“the blooming of cactuses...”和上文中的“a desert with many wildflowers and blooming (盛开的) cactuses”及“The desert shall rejoice”可知，生命长存，同样的，我们也要坚持。生命长存于寂静的沙漠(desert)中和盛开的仙人掌里。]‎ ‎19.A.winter B.spring C.summer D.autumn 答案　A　[in the dead of winter“在隆冬，在严冬”。空前的dead形象地表现了冬季万物萧条的景象，与春季的绿意及万物复苏的景象形成鲜明的对比。]‎ ‎20.A.convinces B.assures C.reminds D.strikes 答案　C　[春天提醒我们，我们永远充满活力。convince“使相信”；assure“使确信”；remind“提醒”；strike“突然想到”。]‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 Throughout history there have always been people who can make other people laugh.Early clowns (小丑) often both annoyed and delighted audiences with their comments and songs.They were not the silent performers seen in today’s circus rings (马戏场).Clowns lost their voices when the large three-ring circuses made it impossible for the audience to hear them.‎ Circus clowns give performances in various ways.Walkaround clowns use an animal or something as part of their performance.A carpet clown moves around，talking with the audience and performing while the acts change in the rings.Then there are acrobatic clowns，riding clowns，juggling clowns and others.‎ Everything a clown does looks easy，but it’s not.Making people laugh can be hard work.Clowns must be in good physical condition to prevent injuries.Each funny move is carefully timed and well-practiced.Most clowns have also been trained as acrobats，jugglers or aerial artists，and many include such skills into their acts.‎ Generally，there are three categories of circus clowns—whiteface，auguste and character.Each has a special makeup style and costume.Each has a typical act as well.‎ The neat whiteface is usually a strict，in-charge character who sets up the punch line (the point of a joke) for the joke with a partner who is typically an auguste.His facial features are neatly detailed in red or black，and his costumes look so loose with a ruffle around the neck.‎ Auguste clown got his name from a German nickname for someone who is clumsy.The auguste wears light-colored makeup，but white is used around the mouth and eyes，and there’s a big red nose.This clown performs a great deal of humor.An oversized suit or baggy trousers allow free movement for all the clumsy acts.He also wears big shoes.‎ Character clowns perform as different personalities—cowboys，grandmothers or concert conductors.The most famous character clown，however，is the tramp.Tramps wear different styles of makeup and torn costumes.Some tramp clowns are happy-go-lucky.Others are extremely sad.Still others act like gentlemen who just happen to be out of money.‎ Clowns have a long and interesting history and use serious techniques.However，the children and adults at the circus don’t need to know these facts to get ready for fun ‎ when they hear “Bring in the clowns！”‎ ‎[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。自古以来就有很多逗人开心的小丑角色。小丑的表演方式多样，但是要想成为一个小丑也不容易。小丑要有非常棒的身体、高超的演艺水平，表演内容也需要反复练习。‎ ‎1.According to Paragraph 1，why did clowns lose their voices?‎ A.Because they wanted to avoid annoying audiences.‎ B.Because there were only a few audiences in the ring.‎ C.Because audiences often spoke louder than clowns.‎ D.Because they could not be heard in the three-ring circuses.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话可知，在三个场地同时表演的大马戏团里观众不可能听到小丑的声音。故选D项。]‎ ‎2.If a clown is dressed in baggy clothing，which type of clown does he belong to?‎ A.The auguste or the whiteface.‎ B.The whiteface or the character.‎ C.The auguste or the character.‎ D.The riding clown or the tramp.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第五段关键词“whiteface...his costumes look so loose”和第六段关键词“Auguste...An oversized suit or baggy trousers”可知，穿着宽松衣服的小丑属于whiteface和auguste。故选A项。]‎ ‎3.What makes the character clowns different?‎ A.He plays a leading role in performances.‎ B.He wears more attractive make-up.‎ C.He performs in a more funny way.‎ D.He acts in different characters.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，人物小丑表演很多角色，这是其他两类小丑没有的。故选D项。]‎ ‎4.What is the passage mainly about?‎ A.The long history of clowns.‎ B.Varied opinions on clowns.‎ C.Some basic facts about clowns.‎ D.Three different types of clowns.‎ 答案　C　[主旨大意题。这篇文章介绍了小丑的历史、类别、表演内容、表演方式等方面的内容。故选C项。]‎ Ⅱ.七选五 Tips to Manage Stress You can’t rid stress from your life completely，but you can reduce it.Know that it takes some efforts because you may have to make changes in your attitude and lifestyle.Reducing stress requires that you know how you react to stress.If you know，you can change your behavior.__1__.See the glass as half full instead of half empty.Also，develop a strategy for handling stressful situations.This way，you won’t be caught off guard (措手不及).Here are the helpful tips：‎ ‎● __2__‎ When your body is healthy，it can stand up to stress.Keep your body healthy and strong with nutritious foods.A low-fat diet helps slow the progress of some stress-related diseases.Avoid caffeine (咖啡因)，nicotine (尼古丁) and alcohol.‎ ‎●Laugh ‎__3__.When you laugh or just smile，the blood which flows to the brain is increased.It is due to the release of endorphins (内啡肽) which results in a drop in the level of stress hormones (荷尔蒙).‎ ‎●Be social When you feel stress，your instincts (本能) tell you to isolate yourself.When you withdraw，you allow yourself to concentrate more on the problem，which makes your stress level greater.__4__.Be around with young children，who can help make you forget yourself and your worries.‎ ‎●Know your stress personality Do you know how to react to stress? Do you yell and kick the furniture? Or do you retreat into stony silence? __5__.Make a note of any stressor，the time，the place，how you feel，and what you do as a result.By knowing your own personality，you can learn to respond to stress before you reach the crisis mode.‎ A.Call friends B.Support your co-workers C.Add good nutrition and exercise D.Keep a stress diary for two weeks E.Participate as actively as possible F.Try to be more optimistic and confident G.It may be one of the healthiest ways to reduce stress ‎[语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了几种应对压力的方法和策略。‎ ‎1.F　[由下文的“See the glass as half full instead of half empty”可推知，改变态度很重要，要努力变得更加乐观和自信，所以选F项。]‎ ‎2.C　[空处为本段的标题，根据本段中的“Keep your body healthy and strong with nutritious foods”可知，本段主要讲的是增加营养和多锻炼身体可以应对压力，故选C项。]‎ ‎3.G　[根据常识并结合本段的整体内容可推知，笑是减少压力的最健康的方法之一，所以选G项。]‎ ‎4.E　[结合本段的标题“Be social”可推知，本段主要讲的是多参加社交活动，不要自我封闭，所以选E项。]‎ ‎5.D　[由下文的“Make a note of any stressor，the time，the place，how you feel，and what you do as a result”可知，把与压力有关的东西都记下来，分析并采取相应的策略，这与D项契合，所以选D项。]‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 Passing Life’s Tests With Love When I was in school，I could always tell when my class was about to take a test.You could feel the 1.________ (anxious) in the air.Their smiles were tight，everyone 2.________ (tap) their pencils on desks.A few students tried to tell jokes to relax.Most of us wanted to start，so we could just get it over with.‎ Every once in while，however，a teacher would give us a break and announce that the test was going to be open book.3.________(immediate)，you could see our smiles 4.________ (return).A few students would laugh，and you could even hear a cheer or two.The pressure went 5.________.As we took out our books，all of 6.________ (we) knew that the answers would be right in front of us.All we had to do was find them.‎ Many people say that life is one long series of tests we have to face.This is true.But 7.________ most people don’t realize is that they are all open book tests.The answers are always right there in front of you，and they are so simple.You just have to open the book of your soul to any page，8.________ you will see the words，“JUST LOVE”.Just love yourself.Just love everyone as yourself.When you do this，you 9.________ (pass) every test that life throws at you.When you do this you will make the world a 10.________ (bright)，better and happier place.‎ By Joseph J.Mazzella ‎[语篇解读]　学生时代，人人惧怕考试，而之后的生活也是由一个又一个考试组成的，只要你充满爱心，就会通过每一次检验，生活也会变得更美好。‎ ‎1.anxiety　[句意：你可以感觉到空气中的焦虑。设空处位于冠词the之后，应用名词形式。故填anxiety。]‎ ‎2.tapping　[分析句子结构可知，“everyone _ (tap) their pencils on desks”是独立主格，在句中作状语；tap与其逻辑主语everyone之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填tapping。]‎ ‎3.Immediately　[句意：你可以看到我们的笑容马上就回来了。设空处在句中作状语，应用副词。故填Immediately。]‎ ‎4.return(ed)　[此处为“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构，see为感官动词，其后常用不带to的不定式。故填return。此处还可填returned，构成“see＋that从句”，returned为从句谓语。]‎ ‎5.away　[句意：压力消失了。go away意为“(问题、不愉快的感觉等)消失”，为固定短语，符合句意。故填away。]‎ ‎6.us　[句意：当我们拿出书的时候，我们所有人都知道答案就在我们面前。设空处作all of的宾语，且指代从句中的we，应用us。]‎ ‎7.what　[分析句子结构可知，设空处引导主语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，指事或物，故用what引导。]‎ ‎8.and/where　[根据句意可知，前后之间为顺承关系，故用and连接。此处也可填where，构成定语从句修饰any page。]‎ ‎9.will pass　‎ ‎[句意：你这么做，就会通过生活扔给你的每一场考试。根据句意可知，此处表示将来含义，应用一般将来时。故填will pass。]‎ ‎10.brighter　[此处暗含比较意义，与其后的better与happier为并列关系，应用比较级。故填brighter。]‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 ‎(2018·成都第一次诊断)During my second month of nursing school，our professors gave us a quiz.I had smoothly finished the others’ questions when I got stuck on the last one：“What’s the first name of the woman who clean the school？”I had seen，many times，the woman，tall and in her fifty，but how could I know her name？I handed in my paper，leave the last question blankly.After a class ended，one student asked for the answer for the question.The professor said，“As you know，that in your careers you will meet many people.You should respect them and care about them，even you just smile and say ‘hello’ to them.”‎ 答案 During my second month of nursing school，our gave us a quiz.I had smoothly finished the questions when I got stuck on the last one：“What’s the first name of the woman who the school？”I had seen，many times，the woman，tall and in her ，but how could I know her name？I handed in my paper， the last question .After class ended，one student asked for the answer the question.The professor said，“As you know， in your careers you will meet many people.You should respect them and care about them，even you just smile and say ‘hello’ to them.”‎