2020届二轮复习英语专题辅导专题1阅读理解教师课件5

2020届二轮复习英语专题辅导专题1阅读理解教师课件5

第 5 讲 　 篇章结构题 　　近几年全国卷均未对篇章结构题进行考查 , 但近几年地方卷偶有涉及 , 供有需求的考生灵活选用。 【明命题方式 】 1. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? 2. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage? 3. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage? 【晓解题捷径 】 　　篇章结构题主要针对文章的整体篇章结构或某一段落的展开层次所设置问题。高考阅读理解文章的主要逻辑结构有 : 1. 记叙文的基本结构 ( Narrative writings ) 2. 说明文的基本结构 ( Descriptive writing ) 3. 议论文的基本结构 ( Argumentation ) 【典例 】 　　 Technology activists are appealing to tech companies and their leaders to build a future in which the effect of machinery on humans is lessened. Robots now are doing more work than ever before. Lasers are being used to cut cloth at factories, while drone aircraft water crops. So some workers have long feared that machines are coming to take away their jobs. 　　 Tim O’Reilly, head of a technology advisory service, says it is important for people and machines to work together. He says most computer software depends on human beings to keep it operating. “ It’s so important that we have to think about not using technology to replace people — but to augment them, to do something that was previously impossible, ” O’Reilly said. He spoke last week at the conference in Ho Chi Minh City, in Vietnam, Asia. 　　 With more skills, people can work with machines, O’Reilly noted. For example, the ride-sharing companies Lyft and Uber use software designed to help human drivers. Most large airplanes are now flown by computers. But passengers will likely always want a human pilot on the plane. 　　 O’Reilly said the world needs people. He told the conference’s delegates that “all of you, in some sense, are inside the Internet. If you go away, it stops working. It’s not like a piece of software in the PC era where if you had a copy of Microsoft Windows running on your personal computer, it would keep running without the original programmers. Almost all of the software we depend on today is a service that depends on the work of people like you. ” 　　 While some experts believe robots will help in the future, others are worried. In 2015 the consulting service McKinsey & Company said machines will someday perform 45 percent of the jobs humans now do. That may be why many technology experts support the idea of universal guaranteed earnings. Under the plan, a small monthly payment would be made to each person, even if they do not work. 　　 Many delegates at the conference support technology and the changes it will bring. But many are also starting to think about its effect on humans and how to help people live in a world where machines do so much work. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? 【技法点金 】 第一步 : 阅读题干 , 找出题干关键信息 : the structure of the passage 第二步 : 通读全文可知 , 第一段阐述了现状 —— 科技发展影响人们就业 , 引出主题 ; 第二至五段分别阐述了人们对此的不同观点 , 其中第二至四段是人们对科技发展的正面评价 , 第五段是负面评价 ; 最后一段又是对全文的总结。 第三步 : 仔细对比选项 , 故选 __ 。 A