2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用讲义：必修5Unit3Lifeinthefuture

2020届人教版高考英语大一轮复习专用讲义：必修5Unit3Lifeinthefuture

Unit 3 Life in the future 一、课前基础自查 ‎(一)分类记单词——省时高效 Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)‎ ‎1.belt n．　　　　　　　　腰带；皮带 ‎2.timetable n. 时间表；时刻表 ‎3.typist n. 打字员 ‎4.tablet n. 药片 ‎5.steward n. 乘务员；服务员 ‎6.stewardess n. 女乘务员 ‎7.mask n. 面具；面罩；伪装 ‎8.citizen n. 公民；居民；市民 ‎9.ecology n. 生态；生态学 ‎10.postage n. 邮资 ‎11.receiver n. 接受者；接收器；电话听筒 ‎12.greedy adj. 贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的 ‎13.swallow vt. 吞下；咽下 ‎14.goods n. 货物 ‎15.button n. 纽扣；按钮 Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)‎ ‎1.previous adj.　　　　　在前的；早先的 ‎2.fasten vt. 系牢；扎牢 ‎3.aspect n. 方面；层面 ‎4.flash vt.& vi. (使)闪光；(使)闪现 ‎5.guide n. 指导；向导；导游 vt. 指引；指导 ‎6.lack vi.& vt. 缺乏；没有 n. 缺乏；短缺的东西 ‎7.switch n. 开关；转换 vt. 转换 ‎8.optimistic adj. 乐观(主义)的 ‎9.material n. 原料；材料 ‎10.recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用 ‎11.dustbin n. 垃圾箱 ‎12.representative n. 代表；典型人物 adj. 典型的；有代表性的 ‎ Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)‎ ‎1.tolerate vt.容忍；忍受→tolerance n．容忍 ‎2.impression n．印象；感想；印记→impress v．(使)留下深刻印象→impressive adj.给人深刻印象的 ‎3.constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly adv.不断地conj.一……就……‎ ‎4.surroundings n．周围的事物；环境→surround vt.围绕→surrounding adj.周围的 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1.We are in instant need of help.Please tell us instantly they arrive.(instant)‎ ‎2.The city of Hangzhou is really an impressive place.Especially the famous West Lake always leaves quite an impression on the visitors.I was strongly impressed by its beauty the first time I visited it.(impress)‎ ‎3.The famous star was enjoying the pleasant surroundings when he was recognized and was surrounded by a crowd of fans.(surround)‎ ‎4.The firm is pressing me for a decision and the pressure from my parents is quite unbearable,‎ ‎5.adjustment n．调整；调节→adjust vt.调整；使适应 ‎6.press vi.& vt.按；压；逼迫 n．按；压；印刷；新闻→pressure n．压力；挤压；压迫(感)‎ ‎7.instant n．瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的→instantly adv.马上 ‎8.settlement n．定居；解决→settle v．定居；解决 ‎9.motivation n．动机→motivate v．成为……的动机；激励 ‎10.uncertain adj.不确切的；无把握的→certain adj.确信的；有把握的→certainty n．确信 ‎ so I have to accept this new job.(press)‎ ‎5.An official was sent to settle the problem but different opinions of two sides destroyed all the hopes of a peaceful settlement.(settle)‎ ‎(二)练中记短语——记牢用活 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.take_up　拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用 ‎2.suffer_from 患有(疾病等)；遭受 ‎3.as_a_result 结果；因此 ‎4.be_greedy_for_... 对……贪婪；渴望 ‎5.(a)_lack_of 缺乏……‎ ‎6.be_back_on_one's_feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原 ‎7.lose_sight_of_... 看不见……‎ ‎8.in_all_directions 向四面八方 ‎9.sweep_up 打扫；横扫 ‎10.slide_into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……‎ ‎11.remind_sb.of_... 使某人想起……‎ ‎12.speed_up 加速 ‎13.be_similar_to 与……相似 ‎1.Sue slid_into the office of Mr.Brown and took the important papers away.‎ ‎2.Mary swept_up all the broken glass before her mother came back home after work.‎ ‎3.Because Susan was in France at that time, her youngest sister took_up the prize in place of her.‎ ‎4.Many countries are faced with the problem about how to speed_up economic development.‎ ‎5.I took a careful search in the crowds at the exit of the station, but I still lost_sight_of my cousin.‎ ‎6.Her father fell off the truck and was able to be_back_on_his_feet after two weeks' treatment in the hospital.‎ ‎7.She is_greedy_for wealth while he is dying for health.‎ ‎(三)仿写明句式——以用为本 教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 ‎1.At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate. ‎ 开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。‎ be＋adj.＋to do结构。‎ 就我个人而言，他随和并很容易相处。‎ As far as I'm concerned, he is easygoing and easy_to_get_along_with.‎ ‎2.Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. ‎ 由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。‎ 过去分词短语作状语。‎ 假如给予更多的关心和照顾，这个孩子就不会变得如此自私和淘气。‎ Given_more_attention and caring, the child wouldn't have become so selfish and naughty.‎ ‎3.Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. ‎ 我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。‎ 形容词作伴随状语。‎ 又累又渴，他走进一家茶馆，一个机器人侍者迅速过来招待他。‎ Tired_and_thirsty,_he went into a teahouse and a robot waiter quickly came up to serve him.‎ ‎4.Inside was an exhibition of the most uptodate inventions of the 31st century. ‎ 太空站里展出了31世纪一些最前沿的发明。‎ 地点状语放于句首，句子使用全部倒装句式。‎ 在我们房子的前面有一棵1 000多年树龄的大树，现在已经被政府保护起来了。‎ In front of our house stands_a_tall_tree with a history of over 1,000 years, which is protected by the government now.‎ 二、课堂重点深化 ‎1．tolerate vt.容忍；忍受 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I can't tolerate working (work) with Kate in the same office.She just refuses to stop talking while she works.‎ ‎②Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant (tolerate) smile and let him go.‎ ‎③When neighbors want to get along well with each other, they have to show their tolerance (tolerate)．‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)tolerate (sb.) doing sth.　 容忍/忍受(某人)做某事 ‎(2)tolerance n. 宽容；容忍；忍受 tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 佳句时时写(词汇升级)‎ ‎④When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to bear.‎ ‎→When he went abroad, he found the new surroundings hard to tolerate/put_up_with.‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎⑤It is said that this kind of tree tolerates drought.能经受 ‎　[联想发散]　“容忍；忍受”的种种表达 ‎①tolerate vt.忍受　　　　②stand vt.忍受 ‎③bear vt.忍受 ④put up with 忍受；容忍 ‎2．lack vi.& vt.缺乏；没有n.缺乏；短缺的东西 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①For lack of human protection, the number of Yangtze Finless Porpoise is becoming smaller and smaller.‎ ‎②A lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.‎ ‎③Living in the desert involves a lot of problems, of which lacking (lack) water is the worst.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)for lack of　　　　　　　 因缺乏……‎ a lack of 缺乏……‎ ‎(2)lacking adj. 短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in 缺少……‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错对对碰(for lack of/a lack of)‎ ‎④Linda didn't take part in the poetry competition for_lack_of confidence.‎ ‎⑤When there is a_lack_of food, there is hunger.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑥Though Jack was lacking in experience, he made up for it in enthusiasm.(‎ 用状语从句的省略升级句子)‎ ‎→Though_lacking_in_experience,_Jack made up for it in enthusiasm.‎ ‎[名师指津]　lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可作及物动词直接加宾语(不能用于被动语态和进行时)，也可作不及物动词，后常与介词for连用；形容词lacking常与in连用。‎ ‎3．press vi.& vt.按；压；逼迫n.按；压；印刷；新闻 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Out of curiosity, the little girl pressed her nose against the shop window.‎ ‎②(2018·江苏高考)The report said they also faced pressure (press) to respond to messages at all hours of the day — especially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.‎ 补全句子 ‎③I know studying is very important, but my parents put_too_much_pressure_on_me.‎ 我知道学习很重要，但父母给我施加太多压力。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)press ...against/to ...　 把……压/挤/贴在……‎ press sb.to do sth. 极力劝说/敦促某人做某事 ‎(2)pressure n. 压(力)；压强；强制 put pressure on ... 给……施压 under pressure 面临压力；受到压力 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 佳句时时写 ‎④无论你面临多么大的压力，都不要半途放弃。‎ No_matter_how_much_pressure_you_are_under,_you will never give up halfway.‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎⑤To judge from the press, the concert was a great success.新闻报道 ‎4．instant n．瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He paused for an instant before continuing.‎ ‎②In an instant, he took off his coat and jumped into the water.‎ 补全句子 ‎③Please send me an email the_instant/instantly_you_reach_Yunnan.‎ 你一到云南就请给我发电子邮件。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)in an instant＝instantly　　　　 　 　立刻；马上 for an instant 一时；暂时 一……就……‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 佳句时时写(一句多译)‎ 让我非常惊讶的是，她一读那封信就哭了起来。‎ ‎④Much to my surprise, she burst into tears the_instant_she_read_the_letter.(instant)‎ ‎⑤Much to my surprise, she burst into tears instantly_she_read_the_letter.(instantly)‎ ‎⑥Much to my surprise, on_reading_the_letter,_she burst out crying.(on)‎ ‎1．take up占用(时间)；占据(空间)；继续；开始；接受；拿起；从事 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 写出下列句中take up的含义 ‎①We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up.占据 ‎②I put the telephone down and took up my work again.继续 ‎③Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.从事 ‎④I'm going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing.接受 ‎　[系统归纳]‎ take off　　　 脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞；休假 take over 接管；获得对……的控制或管理 take down 写下；记下；拆除 take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗 take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 用法条条清(take off/take on/take down)‎ ‎⑤With the development of science and technology, our country has taken_on a new look.‎ ‎⑥The house where I grew up has been taken_down and replaced by an office building.‎ ‎⑦After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling.‎ 佳句时时写(词汇升级)‎ ‎⑧He didn't understand what he read because his mind was focused on something else.‎ ‎→He didn't take_in what he read because his mind was focused on something else.‎ ‎2．lose sight of ...看不见……；忽略……‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)catch sight of　　　　 望见；看到 lose one's sight 失明 come into sight 进入视野内；映入眼帘 ‎(2)at first sight 乍一看 at the sight of 一看到 out of sight 看不到；在视野之外 in/within sight 在视野内 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)‎ ‎①They fell in love at_first_sight,_and three months later, they got married.‎ ‎②At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was out_of_sight.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎③只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。‎ Only a shortsighted man will lose_sight_of the importance of education.‎ ‎④突然，我在人群中看到了我的英语老师。‎ Suddenly, I caught_sight_of my English teacher in the crowd.‎ ‎3．speed up加速 ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)reduce speed＝slow down　　 减速 pick up speed 逐渐加速 ‎(2)at high/low/full/top speed 以高/低/全/最高速 at a speed of ... 以……速度 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turn left！”‎ ‎②Our physics teacher said that light travels at a speed of 300,000km per second.‎ ‎③Once outside the station, the train began to pick up speed.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎④显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们尽快达到我们的目标。‎ It is obvious that a good learning habit can_help_us_to_speed_up_to_reach our destinations.‎ ‎4．过去分词短语作状语 ‎　[教材原句]　Hit_by_a_lack_of_fresh_air,_my head ached.‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①Offered (offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.‎ ‎②(2016·北京高考)Ordered (order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ ‎(1)过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等。‎ ‎(2)过去分词的逻辑主语一般与句子主语一致。‎ ‎(3)过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语之间为被动关系。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(增分要点句)Amazed at how skillful they were, I determined to be just as good.‎ ‎②(增分要点句)(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)Shown this Sunday afternoon, the film will last two hours.‎ ‎5．形容词(短语)作状语 ‎　[教材原句]　Exhausted,_I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①To our relief, the missing child returned home ten days later, tired but healthy (health)．‎ ‎②Surprised (surprise) and happy, he stood up and accepted the prize.‎ ‎③The boy lay on the sofa, relaxed (relax)．‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ 用法规则 形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。‎ 注意事项 形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态，即和主语常可构成系表关系。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(精彩开头句)(2016·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Worried about making mistakes, I'm writing to bother you to correct the words and format in the material I attach to the letter.‎ ‎②(增分要点句)Too nervous, I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam. However, I didn't worry but tried to calm myself down.‎ 本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“未来生活”子话题相对应 一、话题语素积累多一点 子话题——未来生活 ‎(一)浅易词汇温一温 ‎①comfortable　 ②energy　　 ③provide　　 　④stress ‎⑤examine ⑥recycle ⑦temperature ⑧tidy ‎⑨change ⑩helpful ⑪perfect ⑫meaningful ‎⑬modern ⑭develop ⑮advanced ⑯colorful ‎⑰information ⑱rich ‎(二)生疏词汇记一记 ‎①affordable adj.支付得起的　　 ②efficiently adv.有效地 ‎③fashion n．时尚 ④necessity n．必要；必然性 ‎⑤harmonious adj.和谐的 ⑥revolution n．革命；变革 ‎⑦control vt.控制 ⑧analyze vt.分析 ‎⑨privilege n．特权 ⑩remarkable adj.非凡的 ‎⑪costly adj.昂贵的；代价高的 ⑫convenience n．方便；便利 ‎⑬opportunity n．机会 ⑭fountain n．喷泉 ‎⑮enjoyable adj.愉快的；有趣的 ⑯vivid adj.鲜艳的；生动的 ‎⑰trade n．贸易vt.用……进行交换 ‎⑱fashionable adj.流行的；符合时尚的 ‎(三)常用词块忆一忆 ‎①be optimistic about life 　　　　　 对生活积极乐观 ‎②make use of 利用 ‎③come true 实现 ‎④turn ...into ... 把……变成……‎ ‎⑤with the development of science and technology ‎ ‎ 随着科技的发展 ‎⑥live a happy life 过着幸福的生活 ‎⑦be equipped with 配备；装备 ‎⑧live in harmony 和谐生活 ‎⑨in the long run 从长远来看 ‎⑩take on a new look 呈现新面貌 ‎⑪appeal to ... 对……有吸引力 ‎⑫make the necessary adjustment 做必要的调整 ‎⑬solar energy 太阳能 ‎⑭be switched into 转化成 ‎(四)写作佳句背一背 ‎①It inspired me to achieve my dreams, no matter what happens in my life in the future.‎ ‎②The development of technology changes our lifestyle, but it also makes us lose some enjoyment when we enjoy it.‎ ‎③With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, mobile Internet will become people's important environment of the future digital living.‎ 二、“分步写作”表达准一点 概要写作要点归纳精准化 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ There is a difference between simple and easy. The greatest things in life are all about simplicity. The most powerful advice of realizing your dreams is also the simplest and consists of only two words: be yourself.‎ It is simple and powerful, yet it may not be easy. Most of us, since our childhood, have been conditioned out of trusting our own innate (先天的) powers. We were taught to correspond to expectations others had about us, and told that feeling the way we feel and acting the way we do were not all right. Though we have our own thinking and feeling, most of us give in to the pressure of our surroundings.‎ Once we lose trust in our power to create whatever we want in our lives, we believe our own powerlessness. As a consequence, we do not ask ourselves what we truly want in life, but instead do what we are obliged to do as everyone else is doing it as well. Also, we will blame others and circumstances for everything in our life we consider bad. This is another way of giving away our power.‎ But being simple can be very challenging as it is completely out of what most of us have known ourselves to be. Having disconnected from our true nature, fear begins to dominate our experience. It arises when we doubt our power as feeling powerless makes us feel threatened — the source of fear. So instead of creating our life according to our deepest desires, we have become accustomed to living just for survival.‎ Bad emotions prevent us feeling and being who we truly are and tear us down. But all of them can actually become the greatest fuel for our growth and development if we simply ‎ choose to no longer let it define us. Open up to all within us without feeling powerless and unworthy and a new version of us is born. When we feel ourselves being drawn into conflict, just remember the simple truth of our being: simply be with everything we experience and watch it be transformed into love and power.‎ ‎[写作步骤]‎ 第一步：归纳主旨大意 主旨大意：本文是议论文。我们应该简化自己的生活，尊重自己内心所想所需，这样我们的生活才会变得更美好。‎ 短文结构分析：全文分为四个部分。‎ 第一部分(第一段)：实现梦想很简单——活出你自己；‎ 第二部分(第二、三段)：活出自己简单但不易做到；‎ 第三部分(第四段)：恐惧使简单的东西实现起来有挑战性；‎ 第四部分(第五段)：如何活出真实的自己。‎ 第二步：提炼关键词 Part 1：‎ ‎1.The most powerful advice of realizing_your_dreams is also the simplest and consists of only two words: be_yourself.‎ Part 2：‎ ‎2.It is simple and powerful, yet it may not_be_easy.‎ ‎3．Though we have our own thinking and feeling, most of us give_in_to_the_pressure of our surroundings.‎ Part 3：‎ ‎4.But being_simple can be very challenging as it is completely out of what most of us have known ourselves to be.‎ ‎5．Fear_arises when we doubt_our_power as feeling powerless makes us feel threatened.‎ Part 4：‎ ‎6.Open_up_to_all_within_us without feeling powerless and unworthy and a new version of us is born. ‎ ‎7．When we feel ourselves being drawn into conflict, just remember_the_simple_truth_of_our_being.‎ 第三步：合并和改写 ‎1．要点1(要点句)‎ 改写：Realizing_your_dreams is simple: be yourself.‎ ‎2．要点2和3‎ 合并：It is not easy to be ourselves as most of us give in to the pressure of our surroundings.‎ 改写：It is hard to be ourselves as we may be affected by the pressure of our surroundings.‎ ‎3．要点4和5‎ 合并：Being simple can be very challenging because we doubt our power.‎ 改写：Being simple can be very challenging because_of our doubt about our power.‎ ‎4．要点6和7‎ 合并：We should open up to all within us without feeling powerless and unworthy and remember the simple truth of our being.‎ 改写：We should try to be who_we_are and remember the simple truth of our being.‎ 第四步：核查成文 核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词；核查标点和语法；核查词数。最终成文如下：‎ Realizing_your_dreams_is_simple:_be_yourself._(要点1)However,_it_is_hard to_be_ourselves_as_we_may_be_affected_by_the_pressure_of_our_surroundings.(要点2)Being_simple_can_be_very_challenging_because_of_our_doubt_about_our_power._(要点3)Despite_this,_we_should_try_to_be_who_we_are_and_remember_the_simple_truth_of_our_being._(要点4)‎ 一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心 Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空 ‎1．(2018·北京高考)In any unsafe situation, simply press (pressure) the button and a highlytrained agent will get you the help you need.‎ ‎2．(2018·浙江高考)Many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled (recycle) but require more energy to produce and transport.‎ ‎3．(2018·江苏高考)Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a walking journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers' (徒步旅行者) guide.‎ ‎4．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the Plaza Theater, employees were busy sweeping (sweep) up popcorns and gathering coke cups.‎ ‎5．(2017·江苏高考)Determining where we are in relation to our surroundings (surround) remains an essential skill for our survival.‎ ‎6．(2016·天津高考)Learning materials (material) are provided to students throughout their course, and there will never be more than 15 participants in each class.‎ ‎7．(2016·天津高考)One day, mentally exhausted (exhaust), I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved.‎ ‎8．(2014·陕西高考)The purpose of the programme is to develop our interest in English learning and get us motivated (motivate)．‎ Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空 ‎(选用instantly, lack, adjust填空)‎ ‎1．(2015·重庆高考完形填空)For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start __32__ your biological clock to the destination's time.If it's daytime in your destination, try to stay awake.adjusting ‎2．(2012·北京高考完形填空)As I look back on that day now, it surely __42__ any sense of reality.I believe I stayed in a state of pleasant disbelief until I was halfway through rehearsals (排练) on my first day.I never actually expected to get the job.After being offered the position, I was completely astonished.I remember shaking with excitement.lacks ‎3．(2010·浙江高考完形填空)Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my first Christmas there special and memorable, I __29__ remembered the women's visit.I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of importance for as many children as I could possibly reach.instantly 二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度 新高考下的命题新视角：我们对未来充满着美好的向往，憧憬着能上网的隐形眼镜、延缓衰老、战胜癌症、人类与机器人融洽相处、享受着机器人管家做的美味早餐等。未来社会新动向是高考的热点，建议考生多多阅读未来美好生活的相关材料。‎ ‎[话题感悟]‎ 学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深 ‎(加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)‎ ‎[1] The philosopher Robert Nozick used the idea of an “experience machine” to refute the view that good experiences are all we want from life.He thought that most of us would not choose the machine and prefer reality.“But why？” he encouraged us to ask.‎ ‎[2] There was no such thing as virtual (虚拟的) reality (VR) when he was writing.But now we can give ourselves computer generated experiences that are like the real thing.The question raised by Nozick has become a real issue.Why should you prefer the trouble and expense of actually visiting Angkor Wat or Niagara Falls when you can get all the experiences of being there by putting on goggles and a body suit?‎ ‎[3] One answer is that the emotions you feel when you have a virtual experience are not as valuable.When you actually see Niagara Falls, you feel awe and even fear in the face of an overpowering force of nature.Being in the presence of something that causes you these feelings is part of the pleasure.‎ ‎[4] Visiting a virtual Niagara Falls may also cause you feelings of awe and fear but they are cheapened by your knowledge that the danger is not real and that your mind is ‎ being tricked into thinking that it is.‎ ‎[5] Reality also holds potential for making discoveries that virtual reality lacks.Those who visit Angkor Wat hope to see more than they expected from tourist information, perhaps even discover what they have missed.Computer simulations (模拟), however good, contain only what people have put into them.‎ ‎[6] There is a further reason for preferring a real experience.Real experiences connect us to the deeds of past people and place us in contexts where history was made.Viewing an actual painting by Rembrandt is a more valuable experience than viewing a copy, however good.The genuine painting was the work of the man himself.We see his brush strokes on the canvas.We are in the presence of genius.‎ ‎[7] Virtual reality can take us to places we can never go.It can be exciting, amusing and a good way of spending leisure time.But it will never be a substitute for connections with the real thing.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。虚拟现实虽然能让人激动、愉快、打发休闲时光，但是它永远不会代替现实世界。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined word “refute” in Paragraph 1 mean?‎ A．Contradict.　　　　　　　 B．Express.‎ C．Prove. D．Correct.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“the view that good experiences are all we want from life”和“He thought that most of us would not choose the machine and prefer reality.”可知，他想用这一想法来批驳人们都愿意要那些虚假美好的经历。画线词意为“批驳”，与contradict“反驳”意思相近。故选A。‎ ‎2．What does the author think of virtual reality?‎ A．It can benefit people in certain aspects.‎ B．It will be smart enough to satisfy all of our needs.‎ C．It cannot cause feelings of fear or happiness.‎ D．It cannot help us understand what has happened.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句可知，虚拟现实能够带我们去我们本不能去的地方，能让人激动、愉快、打发休闲时光，所以它还是有一定的好处的，故选A。‎ ‎3．How many reasons are mentioned to support the preference for reality?‎ A．Two. B．Three.‎ C．Four. D．Five.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。作者在第三、第四段中提到虚拟现实会给人带来敬畏和恐惧的心理，第五段说现实世界有着虚拟现实世界所没有的东西；第六段又陈述了一个更深层次的原因；因此作者共列举了三个人们更偏爱现实世界的原因。故选B。‎ ‎4．Which of the following is the best title for the text?‎ A．What VR Cannot Offer?‎ B．How VR Changes Our Life?‎ C．How VR Is Different from Reality?‎ D．Why VR Cannot Match the Real Thing?‎ 解析：选D　标题归纳题。文章主要陈述了虚拟现实虽然能让人激动、愉快、打发休闲时光，但是它永远不会代替现实世界，无法和现实世界匹配。故选D。‎ 学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透 捕捉命题敏感点，巧解阅读理解题 敏感点1　转折处(but/however)‎ but和however在文中通常有以下几种作用：①引出作者观点，反驳but前面的观点(普遍观点)；②通过对比引出相反或相对的信息；③表明作者态度或提出作者的建议。如本文的最后一句中的“but”一词就是解第2题的关键。‎ 敏感点2　引言处 议论文中经常引用他人的观点来支持作者的观点。引文有可能是从正面来支持作者的观点，也有可能是作者通过驳斥反面观点从而论证自己的观点。因此，引文间接地表达了作者自己的观点，有一定的隐蔽性和迷惑性，同时也是出题者考查的热点区域，通常会考查考生的推理能力和对作者态度观点的判断能力。‎ 敏感点3　段首、段尾处 无论是议论文还是说明文，一篇文章往往分成几个部分或层次进行说明和论证，每个段落一般都是一个部分或者一个层次。英美作者写文章的逻辑性非常强，文章结构都非常规范，因此每个段落的首句和尾句也经常是该段落的主旨句，也是出题的重点区域。‎