【英语】2019届二轮复习短文语法填空专题模拟试题10篇训练之四十二（9页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习短文语法填空专题模拟试题10篇训练之四十二（9页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习短文语法填空专题模拟试题10篇训练之四十二 ‎[一]‎ For 72 years, Lisa Gumpel kept a secret. "For a long time, I was 61 (determine) not to tell anyone about it，" said Gumpel. The 85-year-old, 62 finally settled in Minnesota after the war, now 63 (live) in the Twin Cities. ‎ She told people that she and her two sisters were among 669 Jewish children 64 (save) by a kind man to escape from the Nazi concentration camp (纳粹集中营) in 1939. Their rescuer was a British businessman named Nicholas Winton， who also kept the story to 65 (he) until his wife found a list of the children's names. ‎ Gumpel was shocked in 1988 when the truth about Winton's one-man rescue 66 (operate) finally came out. "Nobody knew that he actually did all by himself”，" she said. "He worked so hard 67 (help) save lives."‎ Winton still doesn't think that he's a hero， 68 (argue) that his life was never 69 danger. He said he was doing 70 he feels every person should do. ‎ A party was held for him and the people he'd saved. Gumpel was excited when she finally met him. "He still treats us all like we're his kids，" she said with a warm smile on the face; ‎ 参考答案：‎ ‎61. determined. 考查词性转换。此空跟在be动词 was后，修饰主语I，故填形容词determined。 ‎ ‎62. who. 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知， 62 finally settled in Minnesota after the war 是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The 85-yearold，该空在从句中作主语，故填关系代词who.‎ ‎63. lives /is living. 考查时态。根据句中时间状语提示词now可知，此句应用一般现在时或现在进行时,故填lives或is living。 ‎ ‎64. saved. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知， 64 by a kind man是669 Jewish children的后置定语，且669 Jewish children与save在逻辑上是被动关系，故填过去分词saved。 ‎ ‎65. himself. 考查代词。句子主语和介词to的宾语是同一人, 故用反身代词himself. ‎ ‎66. operation. 考查词性转换。rescue 66 由形容词one -man修饰，故此空应填名词operation.‎ ‎67. to help. 考察非谓语动词。分析句中结构可知， 67 save lives在句中作目的状语，故填动词不定式to help.‎ ‎68. arguing.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 68 that his life was never ...在句中作伴随状语，且argue与句子主语Winton在逻辑上是主动关系，故填现在分词arguing。 ‎ ‎69. in. 考查介词。in danger是固定短语，意为"在 危险中"。 ‎ ‎70. what. 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知， 70 he feels every person should do在句中作doing的宾语，是宾语从句，且该空在从句中作动词do的宾语，故填连接代词what。‎ ‎[二]‎ According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 　1　(long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 　2　(see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 　3　(die) early by running. ‎ While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 　4　(be) more effective at lengthening life 　5　 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 　6　 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 　7　(cause). ‎ The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise...it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 　8　(strength) your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always 　9　(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 　10　 a try. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】根据一份对医学期刊上证据的回顾,跑步者比不跑步者可多活三年。你可以通过跑步来降低早亡的风险。‎ ‎1.longer　考查比较等级。根据后面的than可知,所填的词要用比较级。‎ ‎2.to see　考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知,所填的词作目的状语,所以用动词不定式。‎ ‎3.dying　考查非谓语动词。of是介词,后接动词时要用动词-ing形式。‎ ‎4.is　考查时态和主谓一致。句子的主语是it,时态是一般现在时,所以填is。‎ ‎5.than　考查连词。根据前面的more effective可知,句子是比较结构,所以填than。‎ ‎6.that/which　考查定语从句。先行词是a study,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以填that/which。‎ ‎7.causes　考查名词复数。cause是可数名词,根据前面的修饰语all可知,该名词要用复数形式。‎ ‎8.strengthen　考查非谓语动词。空格前的to是动词不定式的符号,所以此处用动词原形。‎ ‎9.energetic　考查形容词。根据前面的is可知,所填的词要用形容词形式。‎ ‎10.it/running　考查代词。根据句意可知,所填的词代替上文提到的running,所以用it。也可以直接填running。‎ ‎[三]‎ In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in ‎ London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 　1　(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 　2　 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road,　3　 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 　4　 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. ‎ Steam engines 　5　 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 　6　(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 　7　 every day. ‎ Later, engineers 　8　 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道),which became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 　 9　(introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 　10　(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】本文介绍了伦敦地铁的建设、发展以及使用情况。‎ ‎1.crowds　考查名词。根据前面的terrible可知,这里用名词crowd的复数形式,表示“人群”。‎ ‎2.from　考查介词。根据前面的to可知,这里填from。to and from work“上下班”。‎ ‎3.laying　考查非谓语动词。根据前面的digging和后面的building可知,这里用laying与之保持一致,作谓语动词included的宾语。‎ ‎4.the　考查冠词。这里特指地铁的顶部。意思是在地铁的顶部建了一个坚固的顶棚。‎ ‎5.were used　考查时态和语态。use和steam engines之间为动宾关系,文章叙述的是1863年的事情,因此用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎6.fairly　考查副词。unpleasant是形容词,这里用副词fairly修饰,意思是“相当不舒服”。‎ ‎7.it　考查代词。it在这里指代前面提到的名词the railway。‎ ‎8.managed　考查动词时态。根据上文及后面的became可知,这里用过去时。‎ ‎9.introduction　考查名词。根据前面的the以及后面的of可知,这里要填名词,introduce的名词形式是introduction。‎ ‎10.successful　考查形容词。根据前面的the most可知,这里是形容词的最高级,success是名词,其形容词是successful。‎ ‎[四]‎ Easy Ways to Build Vocabulary It’s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it’s 　1　 ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there’s enough room for improvement,　2　 means you’ll just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to ‎ work at it. You wouldn’t think that a few 　3　(month) of exercise in your teens would be enough 　4　 the rest of your life, and that’s also true for building your vocabulary—you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary. ‎ One of the 　5　(effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to 　6　 (real) read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isn’t as hard as it 　7　(sound),and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary while 　8　(read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and 　9　(they) use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words 　10　(learn) this way in conversations almost automatically. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】和生活中许多事情一样,积累词汇也是一个不断发展的过程,其中最有效的方式之一是阅读好的书籍。‎ ‎1.an　考查冠词。句意:和生活中许多事情一样,积累词汇也是一个不断发展的过程……因此用不定冠词an表示泛指。‎ ‎2.which　考查定语从句。which在句中为关系代词,引导非限定性定语从句,并在从句中作主语。‎ ‎3.months　考查名词。month为可数名词,由a few可知month应用复数形式。‎ ‎4.for　考查介词。be enough for sth.“对……已足够”。‎ ‎5.effective　考查形容词。此处要表达的是“有效的方法之一”,因此填effective。‎ ‎6.really　考查副词。此处修饰动词read,所以用副词形式,因此填really。‎ ‎7.sounds　考查主谓一致。本句描述的是一般事实,且主语为it,因此填sounds。‎ ‎8.reading　考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语you与动词read为主动关系,故用动词-ing形式作状语。‎ ‎9.their　考查代词。use在此处是名词,故用形容词性物主代词their作定语。‎ ‎10.learned/learnt　考查非谓语动词。words与learn是逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用过去分词作后置定语修饰。‎ ‎[五]‎ Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 　1　(attract). ‎ So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I 　2　(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 　3　(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 　4　 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,　5　 I was the first Western TV reporter 　6　(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 　7　(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others ‎ at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. ‎ On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 　8　(it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 　9　(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed,　10　 other is with mum-she never suspects. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】作者讲述了自己与成都的大熊猫研究基地的不解之缘,并讲述了自己即将承担的任务以及遇到的趣事。‎ ‎1.attraction　考查名词。根据前面的两个修饰词its top可知,此处用名词。‎ ‎2.was allowed　考查时态和语态。根据前面的it was a great honour可知,此处用一般过去时;主语I与动词allow之间存在被动关系,所以用被动语态。‎ ‎3.officially　考查副词。修饰谓语will be given,应该用副词。‎ ‎4.to　考查介词。go back to是动词短语,在此处意为“追溯到”。‎ ‎5.when　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处用when引导定语从句,修饰the mid-1980s。‎ ‎6.permitted　考查非谓语动词。句子中已经有谓语动词,所以此处用非谓语动词;TV reporter与permit之间存在被动关系,所以用过去分词形式作后置定语。‎ ‎7.introducing　考查非谓语动词。前面是动词include,所以此处用动词-ing 形式作宾语。‎ ‎8.its　考查代词。根据后面的mother一词可知,此处用形容词性物主代词its。‎ ‎9.days　考查名词。根据前面的修饰词few可知,此处用名词的复数形式。‎ ‎10.the　考查冠词。根据前面出现的代词one可知,此处用定冠词the修饰other,特指两个中的“另一个”。‎ ‎[六]‎ Learning to play an instrument is something that can give you a lot of pleasure. It is also an achievement and a skill 　1　 stays with your life. Music has a part to play in everyone’s life, and has 　2　(describe) as “a primary language”. ‎ Learning to play an instrument isn’t easy at the beginning and 　3　(take) effort and determination. While it is OK to aim for the top, music is 　4　(certain) not something to take up because you think you ought to do it. ‎ A lot of adults regret not having learnt to play an instrument when they 　5　(be) younger. But it is never too late to learn! And the 　6　(advantage) of learning an instrument are far 　7　(great) than just the pleasure of enjoying an enjoyable sound. When you’ve progressed far enough, there are lots of amateur groups that you can join 　8　 you want to be part of a larger group. Once you’ve reached a good enough standard 　9　(join) a band or orchestra(管弦乐队),you add the team skills like those you get from playing sport. There’s also a great social side to playing 　10　 others, as well as the chance to travel through touring. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】学习一种乐器能给你的生活带来乐趣。对孩子而言,年龄越大,音乐对他们就越重要。‎ ‎1.which/that　考查定语从句。句意:会乐器是一种成就,一种终身的技能。先行词是skill,关系词在定语从句中作主语,故填which/that。‎ ‎2.been described　考查时态和语态。根据空前的has可知,句子是现在完成时,music和describe是被动关系,故填been described。‎ ‎3.takes　考查主谓一致。Learning to play an instrument是句子的主语,属于第三人称单数形式,所以填takes。‎ ‎4.certainly　考查副词。所填的词修饰整个句子,所以用副词形式。‎ ‎5.were　考查动词时态。句意:很多成年人后悔在小时候没有学一门乐器。在小时候是过去,用一般过去时。‎ ‎6.advantages　考查名词。句意:学乐器的优点远比欣赏其美妙的声音所带来的快乐多。根据谓语are得知主语应该是复数形式,故填advantages。‎ ‎7.greater　考查比较级。根据后面的than可知,所填的词是比较级,故填greater。‎ ‎8.if/when　考查连词。句意:……如果你想要加入更大的组合,有很多业余的组合可以加入。此处可看作时间状语从句或条件状语从句,所以填when或if。‎ ‎9.to join　考查非谓语动词。句意:一旦你达到乐队或管弦乐队的标准,你就会给这个团队增光添彩,就像那些你从运动中得来的效果一样。用不定式表示目的,故填to join。‎ ‎10.with　考查介词。此处表示“和……一起”,所以填with。‎ ‎[七]‎ Andrew and Peggy Cheng, now 70 and 67,opened 　1　 (they) first Chinese restaurant in 1973 with $60,000 from savings, plus 　2　 (relative) who worked for free. Now Panda Restaurant Group is the nation’s leader in Asian fast-casual restaurants in the USA. Their company now manages 　3　 total of 1,500 Panda chain stores in 42 states, and it is 　4　 (celebrate) its　45th anniversary this year. Andrew still remembered that when he worked in New York, he had to wait 　5　 tables in restaurants every day. His father was a chef but he hadn’t had his own business. He knew he wanted 　6　 (be) in business. At first they opened chain stores 　7　 (mere) in mall. Then they opened stores on the streets. They did street marketing with a discount program. They knew that Asian cuisine was desirable and there was a 　8　 (reason) rent to ensure profit. The best place was on a corner, for good daytime traffic and nighttime access. Now they have 　9　 (develop) into a chain Chinese fast food kingdom. Back in 1973, it was about making a living for the family. Today it’s about challenging themselves and seeing 　10　 all of them on the team can achieve. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】一对华裔夫妇于1973年开办了一家中式快餐店,现在已发展成为全球中式快餐王国。‎ ‎1.their　考查代词。所填的词修饰first Chinese restaurant,所以用形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎2.relatives　考查名词复数。relative“亲戚;亲属”,是可数名词,此处要用复数形式。‎ ‎3.a　考查冠词。a total of “总共……”,是固定搭配。‎ ‎4.celebrating　考查动词。根据前面的is可知,此处是现在进行时表示将要发生的动作,所以填动词-ing形式。‎ ‎5.for　考查介词。wait for“等待”,此处表示吃饭的人多,需要等待。‎ ‎6.to be　考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.“想做某事”,所以填to be。‎ ‎7.merely　考查副词。所填的词修饰介词短语,所以用副词。‎ ‎8.reasonable　考查形容词。所填的词修饰名词rent,所以用形容词。‎ ‎9.developed　考查动词。根据前面的have可知,此处是现在完成时,所以要用developed。‎ ‎10.what　考查名词性从句。所填的词引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语,所以填what。‎ ‎[八]‎ China has developed a unique festival food culture throughout the years. Eating dumplings is a common folk custom for many Chinese on the day of winter solstice(冬至),especially people 　1　 live in the north. ‎ When midwinter comes, vital movement begins to decline and calm down. In this period,　2　 eaten in a right amount, some nuts such as peanuts, walnuts, and chestnuts are good for one’s body. ‎ People in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province,　3　(be) accustomed to eating wontons in midwinter. According to an old story, during the midwinter feast 2,500 years ago, the King of Wu was 　4　(feed) up with all kinds of costly foods and wanted to try 　5　(variety) things. Then, the beautiful Xishi made wontons to honor the king’s wish. He ate a lot and liked the food very much. Later, the people of Suzhou had wontons to celebrate the festival 　6　(official). ‎ In places such as Shanghai, people eat tangyuan, a kind of small dumpling balls 　7　(produce) with sticky rice flour (粉).In Yinchuan, Ningxia, people call midwinter the “Ghost Festival”.On that day, it is customary for people there to eat mutton soup and the dumplings in it. They give the midwinter soup a strange name and call it “brain”,which they usually share with their 　8　(relative). ‎ People in Taiwan keep the custom of providing nine-layer cakes 　9　 their ancestors. People from the same family gather at their ancestral temples to adore their ancestors in order of their ages. After 　10　(hold)the sacrificial ceremony, there is always a grand dinner. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了我们中国人在冬至吃饺子的传统习俗。‎ ‎1.who/that　考查定语从句。先行词是people,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以填who/that。‎ ‎2.if/when　考查连词。此处可以看作条件或时间状语从句的省略,所以填if或when。‎ ‎3.are　考查主谓一致和时态。句子的主语是People,时态是一般现在时,所以填are。‎ ‎4.fed　考查固定搭配。be fed up with“对……厌倦”,是固定搭配。‎ ‎5.various　考查形容词。所填的词修饰名词things,所以用形容词。‎ ‎6.officially　考查副词。所填的词修饰动词celebrate,所以用副词。‎ ‎7.produced　考查非谓语动词。produce和dumpling balls有逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用动词-ed形式作定语。‎ ‎8.relatives　考查名词。relative“亲属;亲戚”,是可数名词,此处要用复数形式。‎ ‎9.for　考查介词。根据句意可知,此处应为“为了……”,所以填for。‎ ‎10.holding　考查非谓语动词。After是介词,后接动词时要用动词-ing形式。‎ ‎[九]‎ Around three in five people in the UK will find 　1　 necessary to care for an elderly or a disabled loved one at some point. This can be made much 　2　(easy) by bearing in mind a few simple principles and pieces of advice. ‎ ‎　3　 (care) for an elderly loved one—most likely a parent, is never easy. It can cause great pain emotionally and 　4　(physical) and the financial challenges can sometimes seem difficult to deal with, too. Often one of the hardest things is striking a balance between your parents’ desire 　5　(feel) independent and the need to ensure that they are safe and their health needs are being attended to. Sometimes this can create tensions and 　6　(argue),only adding to the stress of an already difficult situation. It is important here to make them feel that they are being listened to and 　7　 you only have their best interests at heart. ‎ The same applies 　8　 financial issues. In order to cover the costs of their parents’ care—including bills and medicine—many people will investigate options such as selling the family home. The most important thing here is communication—it is vital to make sure that everyone involved, including other brothers and sisters,　9　(be) aware of what’s being proposed and cooperates to find a solution 　10　 satisfies everybody. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】在英国大多数人会发现在某个时候照顾老人或残疾人是必要的。记住一些简单的原则和建议会容易得多。‎ ‎1.it　考查代词。本句为“find+it+形容词+to do”结构,it是形式宾语。‎ ‎2.easier　考查比较级。副词much修饰形容词的比较级。‎ ‎3.Caring　考查非谓语动词。所填的词作主语,所以用动词-ing形式。‎ ‎4.physically　考查副词。和前面的emotionally并列,修饰动词cause。‎ ‎5.to feel　考查非谓语动词。动词不定式作定语,修饰desire。‎ ‎6.arguments　考查名词复数。和前面的tensions是并列关系,所以用arguments。‎ ‎7.that　考查名词性从句。所填的词引导宾语从句,在句中不作成 分,所以填that。‎ ‎8.to　考查固定搭配。apply to“适用于……”。‎ ‎9.is　考查主谓一致。句子的主语是everyone,所以谓语动词用is。‎ ‎10.that/which　考查定语从句。关系词引导定语从句并在句中作主语,所以填that/which。‎ ‎[十]‎ In Hangzhou, borrowing books from the library is now as simple as shopping online: click, pay 　1　 wait for delivery. ‎ The city’s public library recently launched a program on WeChat,　2　 popular Chinese messaging software, enabling its readers to check out books online and get them 　3　(deliver) to their homes at low prices. ‎ To enjoy the “Hangzhou enjoyable reading” service, one first needs to follow the library’s official WeChat account,　4　 provides a list of books. After picking books, borrowers are required 　5　(present) the information such as their library membership cards, cell-phone numbers and so on. The selected items will be delivered by express within three days after payments. Each reader can borrow up to 5 books once and 20 books at most 　6　 total. The books can be borrowed for up to 40 days. Readers now can borrow the library’s most popular books in this way. The online books will be renewed and enriched 　7　(gradual) according to readers’ borrowing habits and 　8　(prefer).At the end of December, the library’s old and classic books 　9　(put) online too, making the total number of books available and 　10　 (bring) borrowers a lot of convenience. ‎ 答案与解析　‎ ‎【语篇导读】杭州的公共图书馆最近在微信上推出了一个程序,它使得读者能在线查阅书籍并能以很低的价格把书送到家。‎ ‎1.and　考查连词。此处动词click,pay和wait for delivery是并列关系,指借书的三个步骤,用并列连词连接,故填and。‎ ‎2.a　考查冠词。此处指微信是中国人喜欢的一个信息软件,表示“一个”,故填a。‎ ‎3.delivered　考查非谓语动词。此处them指books,与动词deliver是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用动词-ed形式。‎ ‎4.which　考查定语从句。此处为定语从句,先行词是the library’s official WeChat account,指物,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语,所以用which引导。‎ ‎5.to present　考查非谓语动词。require sb.to do sth.“要求某人做某事”。‎ ‎6.in　考查固定短语。in total“总计”,是固定短语。‎ ‎7.gradually　考查副词。所填的词修饰谓语,所以用副词。‎ ‎8.preferences　考查名词。所填的词与and前的habits并列,指读者的习惯和爱好,故填preferences。‎ ‎9.will be put　考查时态和语态。根据时间状语At the end of December可知,用一般将来时,old and classic ‎ books和动词put是被动关系,所以用一般将来时的被动语态。‎ ‎10.bringing　考查非谓语动词。所填的词和and前的making并列,所以也用动词-ing形式。‎