2019届一轮复习外研版必修一Module5ALessoninaLab单元学案（14页）

2019届一轮复习外研版必修一Module5ALessoninaLab单元学案（14页）

‎2019届一轮复习外研版必修一Module 5A Lesson in a Lab单元学案 一单元基础词汇句式全练 一、写其形 ‎1.liquid n. 液体 ‎2.expand vi. 膨胀 ‎3.contract vi. 收缩 ‎4.mixture n. 混合物 ‎5.electricity n. 电 ‎6.stage n. 阶段；时期 ‎7.conclusion n. 结论 ‎8.aim n. 目标；目的 ‎9.reaction n. 反应 ‎10.electrical adj. 与电有关的；用电的 ‎11.equipment n. 设备；装备 ‎12.react vi. (化学)反应 ‎13.partial adj. 部分的；局部的 ‎14.boil vt. 煮；煮沸 ‎15.ordinary adj. 普通的；平常的 ‎16.steam n. 蒸汽；水汽 ‎17.float vi. 漂浮 ‎18.form vi. 形成 ‎19.balance n. 天平 ‎20.lecture n. 演讲 ‎21.department n. (大学的)科、系 ‎22.astonished adj. 吃惊的；惊愕的 二、知其意 ‎1.substance n. 物质 ‎2.oxygen n. 氧气 ‎3.copper n. 铜 ‎4.oxide n. 氧化物 ‎5.rust vi. 生锈 ‎6.dissolve vi. 溶解；分解；分离 ‎7.flame n. 火焰 ‎8.facility n. (常作复数)设备；工具 ‎9.potassium n. 钾 ‎10.sodium n. 钠 ‎11.calcium n. 钙 ‎12.magnesium n. 镁 ‎13.aluminium n. 铝 ‎14.zinc n. 锌 ‎15.crucible n. 坩埚 ‎16.tongs n. (复)夹子；小钳子 ‎1.put...in order 使……有条理 ‎2.add...to... 往……加入……‎ ‎3.used to 过去(常常)……‎ ‎4.in the area of 在……领域 ‎5.be proud of 为……感到骄傲/自豪 ‎6.be supposed to 应当；理应 ‎7.keep...out of 不让……进入；使……避开……‎ ‎8.go ahead 开始做某事(表示允许)；请用吧 ‎1.Two－thirds of the earth’s surface is water.‎ 地球表面的三分之二是水。‎ ‎2.It is hard to think of a world without metals.‎ 很难想象一个没有金属的世界。‎ ‎3.The closer you are，the more you’ll see.‎ 你靠得越近，你看到的就越多。‎ ‎ ‎ 二 单元综合知识运用检测 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·东北三省四市模拟卷一)‎ Graduate Developer Who you are You're a creative person who's brilliant at making smart decisions and even better at communicating them. You are passionate about software and not only like to learn about it at university, but you like to get involved in your own projects at home too. You eat code for breakfast, lunch and dinner, and you're always looking to learn and improve. You love working with likeminded peers and aspire to work with the best software developers in the industry.‎ What you study You are a finalyear/Honours/Master/PHD student or a recent graduate (past two years) with a Distinction/High Distinction in Computer Science, Computing or Software Engineering.‎ What you will do You'll develop reliable and highly flexible systems in the market. The kind of software that ensures we buy and sell faster and more efficiently than anyone else. You will have full responsibility for designing and improving our systems, both technically and functionally to improve our trading success. At Optive we have no shortage of interesting and important work to do, so rest assured that you'll be working on something that will add real value to the business.‎ Qualifications You are an Australian or New Zealand citizen or permanent resident of Australia.‎ Salary ‎$ 75,000 plus super plus performance driven profit share.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一则招聘广告，介绍了对求职者的要求和工资等相关信息。‎ ‎【难句分析】　You're a creative person who's brilliant at making smart decisions and even better at communicating them.‎ 分析：这是一个复合句，含有who引导的定语从句。You是主语，are是谓语动词，a creative person为表语。who在定语从句中作主语。‎ 译文：你是一个有创造性的会做出明智的决定甚至更擅长和别人交流这些决定的人。‎ ‎1．You will be wellaccepted if you are ________.‎ A．creative and devoted to Software Engineering B．loving working with people from different majors C．communicative and passionate in your university life D．enjoying eating code instead of delicious family dinner 答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“You're a creative person who's brilliant at making smart decisions and even better at communicating them. You are passionate about software and not only like to learn about it at university, but you like to get involved in your own projects at home too”可知，具有创造性并且热爱软件工程的人会很好地被接受。‎ ‎【干扰项分析】　根据第一段的最后一句“You love working with likeminded peers and aspire to work with the best software developers in the industry”可知B项错误；根据第一段的第二句“You are passionate about software and not only like to learn about it at university, but you like to get involved in your own projects at home too”可知C项错误；根据第一段的第三句“You eat code for breakfast, lunch and dinner, and you're always looking to learn and improve”可知D项错误。‎ ‎2．The Graduate Developer will probably be wanted as ________.‎ A．an Australian finalyear Computing Engineering student B．a masterdegree graduate majoring in trading C．a PHD student as a permanent resident in Australia D．a recent graduate with honours in Computer Science 答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段“You are a finalyear... Computing or Software Engineering”可知，A项符合招聘的要求。‎ ‎【干扰项分析】　根据第二段可知，B项中的in trading是错误的；C项中没有提及专业是错误的；根据第二段的“or a recent graduate (past two years) with a Distinction/High Distinction in Computer Science”可知D项错误。‎ ‎3．You are not required to ________ in the future job.‎ A．design Optive systems B．ensure trade success C．work on something valuable D．develop the flexible market system 答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段的“so rest assured that you'll be working on something that will add real value to the business”‎ 可知，文中没有提及工作有无价值，只是说工作会给公司带来价值。‎ ‎【干扰项分析】　根据第三段的“At Optive we have no shortage of interesting and important work to do”可知A项错误；根据第三段第三句“You will have full responsibility for designing and improving our systems, both technically and functionally to improve our trading success”可知B项错误；根据第三段第一句“You'll develop reliable and highly flexible systems in the market”可知D项错误。‎ B ‎(2018·安徽江南十校联考)‎ Whenever the word “hero” comes to me, I immediately think of three Hs: honorable, hardworking, and happy. When I think more about this word, I picture someone who has accomplished good things for people and tries to do the right thing. Hattie Elizabeth Alexander is one person whom I find to be very heroic.‎ Hattie was born in Baltimore, Maryland on April 5,1901. During her time at college she earned her Bachelor's Degree in Bacteriology and Physiology. These were just the first steps toward what she was finally going to be remembered for. After college Hattie attended Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and received her medical degree.‎ After her education, she pursued her career, and after much time and hard work, she drastically reduced the number of infants (幼儿) dying from meningitis (脑膜炎). Hattie was very dedicated to her work and helped at as many locations as she could. Spending substantial (大量的) time in the laboratory, Hattie successfully developed a cure against the disease, which decreased the death rate to 20 percent. At the same time, she was also a teacher working with Columbia University.‎ She was a caring lady interested in other people's lives. When she was teaching at Columbia University, other members would talk to her about students that were failing their classes, and somehow Hattie could always find convincing reasons as to why they should not be driven away. Later, Hattie became an instructor in Pediatrics at New York City's Babies Hospital. After many honors, she became the first woman president of the American Pediatric Society in 1965. This was her last major achievement, for soon after, Hattie died of cancer on June ‎ 24,1968.‎ Hattie is my hero because her positive attitude and strength helped her accomplish great things for others. She gave them her strength by developing medicines against diseases, which, by doing so, made them stronger. This is what makes Hattie Elizabeth Alexander my hero.‎ 体裁：记叙文　题材：人物故事　主题：儿科医生哈蒂·伊丽莎白·亚历山大 ‎【语篇解读】　本文介绍了作者心目中的英雄——哈蒂·伊丽莎白·亚历山大为社会作出的贡献。‎ ‎4．According to the passage, Hattie Elizabeth Alexander ________.‎ A．received her Bachelor's Degree in Johns Hopkins School B．spent all her time in the laboratory developing cures for illnesses C．cared a lot about others' private lives D．always tried her best to help prevent students from dropping out of college 答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句．.. somehow Hattie could always find convincing reasons as to why they should not be driven away.可知，哈蒂总会尽最大努力阻止学生被开除。故选D项。‎ ‎5．The underlined word in Paragraph 3 probably means“________”．‎ A．slightly　B．hardly C．greatly D．totally 答案与解析：C　词义猜测题。根据文章第三段第一、二句以及第三句中的which decreased the death rate to 20 percent可推断出，此处指经过哈蒂的付出和努力，幼儿死于脑膜炎的比例大大下降。故推测，drastically意为“大幅度地；彻底地”，与greatly意思相近，故选C项。‎ ‎6．Hattie is considered to be a hero by the author in that ________.‎ A．she was an honorable, hardworking and happy person B．she was a very dedicated woman doctor with many honors C．she was a caring lady who helped many students finish college D．she was the first woman president of the APS 答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据文章第一段的内容可知，作者视哈蒂为英雄是因为她是一个品德高尚、勤奋且快乐的人。故选A项。‎ ‎7．Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?‎ A．An Honorable Woman B．A Woman Accomplishing Great Things C．My Hero — Hattie Elizabeth Alexander D．The First Woman President of the APS 答案与解析：C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述的是作者心目中的英雄哈蒂·伊丽莎白·亚历山大。故选C项。‎ C ‎(2018·河南开封一模)‎ Almost everyone stood when the bride walked down the aisle in her white gown, but not the wedding conductor, because she was fixed to her chair.‎ The nuptials at this ceremony were led by“IFairy”， a 4foot (1.5meter) tall seated robot with flashing eyes and plastic pigtails (辫子). Sunday's wedding was the first time that a marriage had been led by a robot, according to manufacturer Kokoro Co.‎ ‎“Please lift the bride's veil (面纱)，” the robot said in a tinny voice, waving its arms in the air as the newlyweds kissed in front of guests.‎ The wedding took place at a restaurant in Hibiya Park in central Tokyo, where the IFairy wore a wreath of flowers and directed a rooftop ceremony. Wires led out from beneath it to a black curtain a few feet away, where a man clicked commands into a computer.‎ Japan has one of the most advanced robotics industries in the world, with the government actively supporting the field for future growth. Industrial models in factories are now standard, but recently Japanese companies are making a push to inject robots into everyday life.‎ Honda makes a walking childshaped robot, and other firms have developed them to entertain the elderly or play baseball. Kokoro, whose corporate goal is to “touch the hearts of the people，” also makes giant dinosaur robots for exhibitions and ‎ lifelike android models that can smile and laugh. The company is a subsidiary (附属公司) of Sanrio Co., which owns the rights to Hello Kitty and other Japanese characters.‎ ‎“This was a lot of fun. I think that Japanese have a strong sense that robots are our friends. Those in the robot industry mostly understand this, but people mainly want robots near them that serve some purpose，” said bride Satoko Inoue, 36, who works at manufacturer Kokoro Co.‎ The IFairy sells for about 6.3 million yen ($57,000) and three are in use in Singapore, the U．S. and Japan, according to company spokeswoman Kayako Kido.‎ 体裁：说明文　题材：科普知识　主题：主持婚礼的机器人 ‎【语篇解读】　文章介绍了能主持婚礼的机器人IFairy，包含了它如何主持婚礼以及其市场前景。‎ ‎8．The underlined word “nuptials” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by ________.‎ A．conductors B．brides C．robots D．weddings 答案与解析：D　词义猜测题。根据第三段“Please lift the bride's veil.” the robot said in a tinny voice, waving its arms in the air as the newlyweds kissed in front of guests.可知，机器人主持的是婚礼。由此可猜测，nuptial的同义词是wedding，意为“婚礼”。‎ ‎9．The robots made in Japan can do the following EXCEPT ________.‎ A．entertain the senior people B．play baseball C．look after children D．laugh 答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段中的entertain the elderly or play baseball... lifelike android models that can smile and laugh可知，机器人可以取悦老人、打棒球或笑。只有C项照顾孩子没有提及。‎ ‎10．What can we learn from what bride Satoko Inoue said?‎ A．A robot has been widely used to serve the people in Japan.‎ B．It's very interesting to work with a robot in her company.‎ C．Japanese consider a robot can do many things like their friends.‎ D．People need robots that can help them in some ways.‎ 答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的people mainly want robots near them that serve some purpose可知，人们需要机器人能够在某些方面帮助他们做点什么。原文中的want对应D项中的need, serve some purpose对应help them in some ways。‎ ‎11．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?‎ A．IFairy, a Robot Conducts Wedding in Tokyo B．The Development of Robots C．All Kinds of Robots in Japan D．Wedding Customs in Japan 答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了在日本机器人如何主持婚礼，故选A项。文章并未重点介绍机械人的发展，B项错误。D项“日本机器人的种类”并非是文章的主要内容。文章并非讲日本婚礼习俗，所以D项错误。‎ D ‎(2018·山西省省际名校联考)‎ This time last year I entered two longdistance massparticipation swimming events, including the Jubilee River 10 km swim. At the last minute, just before both swims, I decided to pull out. The reality is, I live in fear of coming last.‎ Last year, before the two events, I realized that I couldn't deal with coming last. I had looked at the swim times of those who had completed the previous year and calculated that, at my current swim pace, I would probably have come last in both. I just couldn't face it. But when next year came around, I decided to enter those same events again.‎ For a few months, I trained hard, but I didn't get any faster. Then it was June 5, the day of the Jubilee River 10 km. The event started at 9：30 a．m., and the swimmers were anxious and eager to start. As I swam along, the river was quiet and clean and everything was peaceful. The sun shone. Meadows (草地) rolled by and every now and then someone would wave at the scene unfolding in the water.‎ As the day wore on, somehow I didn't mind that, predictably, almost everyone was ahead. There were at least some swimmers ‎ still near me, and although we shared the same river we quietly occupied our own spaces. As I concentrated on doing my own thing, watching the sky, the bank, the other swimming caps passing or not passing. I realized I was enjoying myself.‎ In the end, four hours and 29 minutes after I'd started, I staggered (摇摇晃晃地走) out of the water and was greeted with a smile and a “well done” from the race organizer. I glanced back over my shoulder toward the water and noticed that there were a small handful of swimmers who were still to finish, behind me, out of a field of around 300 swimmers. But it didn't matter. I_was_just_relieved,_proud_and_happy_to_finish.‎ As I drove away, my thoughts turned to my next long race of the season and how much I was looking forward to it, my fears of coming last gently receding (渐渐远去)．‎ ‎【语篇解读】　作者通过描述自己参加游泳比赛的经历告诉我们最后一名并不可怕，关键是要学会享受比赛的过程。‎ ‎12．The author intended to quit swimming mainly because ________.‎ A．she feared that she couldn't finish the two races B．she was afraid that she would let family members down C．she was unwilling to accept the possibility of finishing last D．she wasn't fully prepared for the two races 答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者放弃比赛是因为害怕自己是最后一名。故选C项(她不愿接受成为最后一名的可能性)。‎ ‎13．The author hopes to convey the message that ________.‎ A．never give up when facing challenges B．it is process that matters most C．failure is the mother of success D．winners always take it all 答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句可知，在游泳的过程中，当作者关注自己的事情时，无论别人游得快慢，作者都不介意，并且意识到自己乐在其中。所以作者想要传达给我们的信息是：过程最重要。故选B项。‎ ‎14．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 5?‎ A．She took pride in leaving all the other swimmers ‎ behind.‎ B．She was proud that she was not the last one in the race.‎ C．She was glad to finish the race and had a sense of relief.‎ D．She was proud to be praised by the organizer.‎ 答案与解析：C　词义猜测题。结合前一句But it didn't matter.可知，relieved意为“减轻的；缓和的”，这和C项中的a sense of relief(解脱感)意思相符；proud and happy to finish在句中作伴随状语。该句意为“我只是松了一口气，为自己完成比赛感到骄傲和快乐”。故选C项。‎ ‎【快解】　本题可先分析选项，根据C项中的a sense of relief可判断，这是正确选项，该短语与画线句中的relieved为同义表达。‎ ‎15．It can be inferred from the end that the author is likely to ________.‎ A．participate in another race without any hesitation B．analyze the reason why she failed in the race C．lose confidence completely D．decide whether she is suitable for the race 答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的my thoughts turned to my next long race of the season and how much I was looking forward to it可知，作者盼望着参加下一次比赛，故选A项(毫不犹豫地参加另一次比赛)。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 ‎(2018·福建福州普通高中毕业班综合质量检测)‎ Which is much more significant to you when you are finding a job? Working experience or an advanced degree? Well, I believe diverse people have different answers. __1__ Here are some reasons：‎ Above all, most of jobs don't require such a high degree, which means just some work, such as theoretical physics, archaeology, or literature, needs high academic qualification. __2__ For example, when you are offering a department manager post, and there is a man who has already been a manager for three years but only has a master's degree and an inexperienced person with a doctor's degree, which one would you choose? Definitely the first one for the manager who doesn't acquire a doctor's degree but has rich working experience.‎ ‎__3__ For instance, Bill Gates, who was the richest man in the world and one of the most successful merchants. What a wise choice when he decided to abandon studying so that he could gain more working experience instead of a doctor's degree! Or Steve Paul Jobs, who discontinued his study at the age of nineteen in order to become a member of a computer company just like Bill Gates. __4__‎ ‎__5__ Maybe you shouldn't have to gain an advanced or high degree, but that doesn't mean nothing. Probably a bachelor's degree is still necessary in this fiercely competitive society.‎ All in all, I think rich working experience is much more important than an advanced degree.‎ A．However, a degree is still required for most people.‎ B．Meanwhile, rich working experience will draw more attention.‎ C．Secondly, plenty of experience will bring you success much earlier.‎ D．In my view, either working experience or an advanced degree counts.‎ E．As for me, I will say working experience without hesitation.‎ F．As a matter of fact, more people with rich working experience become successful.‎ G．From all of these, we can see that an advanced degree isn't so necessary as working experience.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文，论述了工作经验是工作成功的最重要的因素这一论点。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：E　根据空处位置可知，空处承上启下，根据该段第二句“Working experience or an advanced degree”可知，空处提出自己的观点并引出下文，故E项与此处匹配。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：B　根据本段最后一句“Definitely the first one for the manager who doesn't acquire a doctor's degree but has rich working experience”并结合空后所列举的例子可知，该例旨在证明丰富的工作经验在应聘时更受欢迎，故B项与此处匹配。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：C　根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为本段的主题句；根据本段列举的比尔·盖茨放弃学业创业成功和乔布斯在十九岁时辍学这两个例子可以判断，本段旨在说明丰富的工作经验能促使人早日成功，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：G　根据该空所在的位置可知，该空总结本段大意；由空前列举的比尔·盖茨和乔布斯这两个例子可以判断，高学历不像工作经验那样是必要的，故G项正确。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：A　根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为本段的主题句；由本段最后一句“Probably a bachelor's degree is still necessary in this fiercely competitive society”可知，在这个竞争激烈的社会中，学历仍然是有必要的。据此可以判断，本段主要陈述学历对于大部分人来说还是需要的，故A项正确。‎