2019届一轮复习译林版必修四Unit2Sportsevents单元学案设计（33页）

2019届一轮复习译林版必修四Unit2Sportsevents单元学案设计（33页）

‎2019届一轮复习译林版必修四Unit 2Sports events单元学案设计 一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇 Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．committee n．　　　　　 委员会 ‎2．contemporary adj. 现代的，当代的；同一时代的 ‎3．boundary n. 边界，界限 ‎4．referee n. 裁判；推荐人 ‎5．whistle n. 哨子，口哨；呼啸，鸣叫 vi. 吹口哨，吹哨子；呼啸，鸣叫 ‎6．nation n. 国家，民族；全体国民 ‎7．male n. & adj. 男性(的)‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎8．flame n．　　　　　　　 火焰 ‎9．gymnastics n. 体操，体操训练 ‎10．movement n. 社会运动；移动，活动；进展 ‎11．nest n. 鸟巢；巢穴，窝 ‎12．citizen n. 公民；居民 ‎13．toast n. 烤面包片；干杯，敬酒 vt. 烤(面包)；为……干杯 ‎14．wrestling n. 摔跤运动 ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎15．boxer n．　　　　　　 拳击手 ‎16．heavyweight n．　 重量级拳击手；有影响力的人或事物 ‎17．*championship n. 锦标赛；冠军地位 ‎18．grain n. 谷物；颗粒 ‎19．*hurdle n. 跨栏；难关，障碍 ‎20．net n. 网 ‎21．*torch n. 火炬；手电筒 ‎22．roof n. 屋顶，顶部　‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎23．vest n．　　　　　　　 背心，汗衫；坎肩 ‎24．underwear n. 内衣 ‎25．kettle n. 水壶 ‎26．lemonade n. 柠檬味汽水；柠檬饮料 ‎27．bowling n. 保龄球运动 ‎28．rugby n. 橄榄球运动 ‎29．golf n. 高尔夫球运动 ‎30．eagle n. 雕　　　　　‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎1．medal n．　　　　　　　 奖牌，奖章，勋章 ‎2．meanwhile adv. 与此同时；在此期间 ‎3．precious adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的 ‎4．teammate n. 队友 ‎5．bitter adj.　 愤愤不平的；令人不快的；味苦的；严寒的 ‎6．joy n. 喜悦，欢乐 ‎7．routine n. & adj. 常规(的) ‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎8．budget n．　　　　　　 预算 vi. & vt. 编制预算 ‎9．shot n. 射门，击球；射击；药物注射 ‎10．wellknown adj. 著名的 ‎11．goal n. 球门；射门，进球得分；目标 ‎12．transport n. 交通运输系统；交通工具；运输 vt. 运输，运送 ‎13．stadium n. 体育场，运动场 ‎14．opening n. 开幕式；小孔 ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎15．association n．　　　　 协会，社团；关联；联想 ‎16．reporter n. 记者 ‎17．continent n. 洲，大陆 ‎18．attempt n. & vt. 尝试，努力，试图 ‎19．otherwise adv. 否则，不然 ‎20．remove vt. 去除，移开；开除；解除(职务)‎ ‎21．tie vt. 打成平局；(用绳、线)系，绑 ‎22．delighted adj. 愉快的，高兴的 ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎23．honour n．　　 　 　　 尊敬；荣幸；节操；荣誉 vt. 尊敬，尊重(某人)‎ ‎24．outdoors adv. 往户外，在户外 ‎25．per prep. 每，每一 ‎26．compete vi. 比赛；竞争 ‎27．absence n. 缺席，不在场；不存在 ‎28．origin n. 起源，起因；出身 ‎29．power n. 力量；能量；权力；影响力；统治 vt. 驱动，提供动力　‎ ‎[第九屏听写]‎ ‎30．excite vt.　　　　　 　 使激动，使兴奋 ‎31．tradition n. 传统；风俗 ‎32．technique n. 技术，工艺，技巧 ‎33．unfair adj. 不公正的，不公平的 ‎34．frequent adj. 频繁的，经常发生的 ‎35．champion n. 冠军，优胜者 ‎36．unusual adj. 特别的，不寻常的；与众不同的　‎ ‎[第十屏听写]‎ ‎37．final adj.　　　　　　　 最终的，最后的 n. 决赛 ‎38．significance n. 重要性，意义 ‎39．make_way_for 给……让路，让位于……‎ ‎40．lead_the_way 领先 ‎41．hang_on 坚持 ‎42．pass_something_on_(to_somebody)　 转交，传给，递给 ‎43．in_honour_of 为向……表示敬意 二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾 ‎ (一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高 识记单词写对 Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)‎ ‎1.committee n．　委员会 ‎2.contemporary adj. 现代的，当代的；同一时代的 ‎3.boundary n. 边界，界限 ‎4.referee n. 裁判；推荐人 Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)‎ ‎1.medal n．　　　　奖牌，奖章，勋章 ‎2.meanwhile adv. 与此同时；在此期间 ‎3.precious adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的 ‎4.teammate n. 队友 ‎5.routine n．&adj. 常规(的)‎ ‎6.budget n．　　　　预算 vi.&vt. 编制预算 ‎7.wellknown adj. 著名的 ‎8.transport n. 交通运输系统；‎ 交通工具；运输 vt. 运输，运送 核心单词练通 ‎1.The mother was delighted (高兴的) to learn that her son was admitted to the Tsinghua University.‎ ‎2.Thanks for your directions to the house, we wouldn't have found it otherwise (否则，不然). ‎ ‎3.It is my honour (荣幸) to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.‎ ‎4.The only time that we attempted (试图) to do something like that was in the city of Philadelphia.‎ ‎5.He had tied (系，拴) the dog to one of the trees near the canal.‎ ‎6.As soon as the cake is done, remove (移开) it from the oven.‎ ‎7.Darwin generalized from many facts to reach his idea about the origin (起源) of man.‎ ‎8.For many of us this is the right time of the year we can really enjoy the outdoors (户外)．‎ 拓展单词用活 ‎[记全记牢]‎ ‎1.compete vi.比赛；竞争→competition n．比赛；竞争→competitive adj.竞争的，竞赛的→competitor n．比赛者；竞赛者 ‎2.absence n．缺席，不在场；不存在→absent adj.缺席的，缺少的，心不在焉的→present adj.到场的，出席的 ‎3.association n．协会，社团；关联；联想→associate vt.联想，使发生联系→associated ‎ ‎[用准用活]‎ ‎1.The competition is very fierce — hundreds of competitors are competing for 56 medals, so I regret having taken part in this competitive game.(compete)‎ ‎2.I was excited to know that Beijing would be the city to host the 2022 Winter Olympics. When I told my brother about it, he ‎ adj.相关的，关联的 ‎4.origin n．起源，起因；出身→original adj.原来的，起初的 ‎5.power n．力量；能量；权力；影响力；统治vt.驱动，提供动力→powerful adj.强大的，强有力的 ‎6.excite vt.使激动，使兴奋→excited adj.兴奋的，激动的→exciting adj.令人激动的，使人兴奋的→excitement n．兴奋，激动 ‎7.tradition n．传统；风俗→traditional adj.传统的 ‎8.technique n．技术，工艺，技巧→technical adj.技术的；工艺的→technology n．技术；科技 ‎9.frequent adj.频繁的，经常发生的→frequently adv.屡次；频繁地→frequency n．频率，频繁 ‎10.champion n．冠军，优胜者→championship n．锦标赛；冠军称号 ‎11.final adj.最终的，最后的 n．决赛→finally adv.最后 ‎ ‎12.significance n．重要性，意义→significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的 jumped with excitement.(excite)‎ ‎3.He is always absent from class, and his absence makes his headteacher angry.(absence)‎ ‎4.Frequently going out on a date may result in frequent absence from classes, which will interfere with their studies.(frequent)‎ ‎5.Life is totally fair. We just see it as unfair because it's either we expected too much or we gave up already.(fair)‎ ‎6.The typist learned the technique of typing in that technical school.(technique)‎ ‎7.China, an ancient country of over 5,000 years of history and cultural tradition,_has a profound traditional cultural foundation.(tradition)‎ ‎8.The significant discovery of new gas field in South China Sea is of great significance to our country's economy.(significant)‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“校园设施”知多少？‎ ‎①stadium　　　　　体育场 ‎②library 图书馆 ‎③gym hall 体操馆 ‎④canteen 餐厅，食堂 ‎⑤dormitory 宿舍，公寓 ‎⑥laboratory 实验室 ‎⑦playground 操场 ‎2.慧眼识别“形似词”‎ ‎① ‎② ‎③ ‎④ ‎3.“比赛”多多 ‎①game　　　　游戏，比赛 ‎②match 比赛，竞赛 ‎③race 竞赛，赛跑 ‎④contest 竞赛，比赛 ‎⑤competition 比赛，竞争 ‎4．“联系”高频词一览 ‎①link ②touch ‎③contact ④relation ‎⑤connection ⑥association ‎(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高 先 写 对 再 用 准 第一组 ‎1.in_honour_of　　为向……表示敬意 ‎2.lead_the_way 领先；带路 ‎3.hang_on (在逆境中)坚持 ‎4.by_tradition 按照传统 ‎5.make_way_for 给……让路，让位于……‎ ‎　　Last night, we watched the pingpong final between China and America. At first, the American team ①led_the_way,_and then they ②made_way_for our team gradually. Although the competitors were great, our players ③hung_on. In the end, it was the Chinese team that won the championship, which excited us greatly. We had a celebration ④in_honour_of our teammates.‎ 第二组 ‎1.take_part_in　　　　　参加 ‎2.bring_...back_to_life 使……重生 ‎3.side_by_side 共同；肩并肩 ‎4.pass_sth._on_(to_sb.) 转交，传给，递给 ‎5.by_accident 偶然，意外地 ‎6._come_up_with 提出 ‎　　The annual sports meeting of our school was held last week and I together with three of my classmates ①took_part_in 4×100 relay race. We had meant to win the race ②side_by_side,_but something unexpected happened. When Zhang Lei was ③passing the stick on_to Liu Kai, he dropped it on the ground ④by_accident. Oh, what a pity！‎ 第三组 ‎1.look_forward_to　　 　　　盼望，期望 ‎2.look_out_for 当心，小心 ‎3.knock_over 打翻，撞倒 ‎4.apply_to 适用于，应用于 ‎5.keep_a_close_watch_on_... 密切关注……‎ ‎　　Having been told many times to ①look_out_for cars when crossing the road, Wang Fan didn't take it seriously. Last Friday, when Wang Fan was on his way home after school, he didn't ②keep_a_close_watch_on the heavy traffic but looked down at his phone. Unfortunately, he was ③knocked_over by a careless young man riding a bike, and was sent to hospital. Regretting not following his mother's instruction, Wang Fan has been ④looking_forward_to picking up as soon as possible.‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“by＋n.”短语集锦 ‎①by design　　故意地 ‎②by blood 按血统 ‎2.“n.＋prep.＋n.”结构短语 ‎①arm in arm　臂挽臂地 ‎ ‎②hand in hand 手挽/‎ ‎3.“当心，小心”表达种种 ‎①be careful　　　　　小心，当心 ‎③by tradition 按照传统 ‎④by origin 就来源而言 ‎⑤by chance 偶然，碰巧 ‎⑥by accident 偶然，碰巧 牵手地 ‎③back to back 背对背地 ‎④side by side 肩并肩地 ‎⑤face to face 面对面地 ‎⑥heart to heart 心连心地 ‎②look out for 当心；注意 ‎③watch out for 小心，提防 ‎④take care 注意，当心 ‎⑤mind your steps 当心脚下 ‎⑥watch your head 小心碰头 ‎(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to live side by side in peace. ‎ 他梦想着奥运会可以让各国人民和平相处。‎ make it＋adj./n.＋(for sb.) to do sth.意为“使某人做某事怎么样”。‎ 为了更便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。(2016·北京高考单选) To_make_it_easier_to_get_in_touch_with_us,_you'd better keep this card at hand.‎ ‎2.I am sure the whole of China must have felt proud when Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal for his country. ‎ 我相信，当许海峰为自己的祖国赢得第一枚金牌时，整个中国一定都为之骄傲。‎ must have done表示对过去的肯定性推测，意为“一定已经做了”。‎ 他肯定已经感觉到我正在看他。他突然扫视了我一眼然后平静地说：“你为什么一直那样看着我？”(2015·湖南高考单选) ‎ He must_have_sensed that I was looking at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly，“Why are you staring at me like that？”‎ ‎3.The Eagles went home angry and bitter because they did not win the tournament. ‎ 鹰队在锦标赛上铩羽而归，既恼火又愤愤不平。‎ 形容词(angry and bitter)作状语，用来说明主语的状态。‎ 小汤姆坐着，吃惊地看着猴子在他面前跳舞。(2015·四川高考单选) ‎ Little Tom sat_amazed watching the monkey dancing in front of him.‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　❶________ we know, athletes made it an honour to compete for medals. At first, nervous and worried, I didn't cooperate ❷________ my team well. So the ‎ ‎1.①处应填As,_其引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，如同”。‎ ‎2.②处应填：with。‎ first match ended in a ❸tie. Next, I recognized my mistake and changed my moves. Our team won the game at last. We were all delighted and excited. I learned from this match — teamwork comes first.‎ ‎3.③处的单词意为__C__。‎ A.领带　　　B．纽带　　　C．平局 ‎1．honour n．尊敬；荣幸；节操；荣誉vt.尊敬，尊重(某人)；给予荣誉 ‎[练牢基点]　完成句子 ‎①He said that he did not steal the book and that his personal_honour (个人名誉) had been attacked.‎ ‎②If you honour_somebody (尊重某人), you respect his good fame and look up to him.‎ ‎[系统考点]‎ ‎(1)in honour of　 　 　　 　 　 为了纪念，为了庆祝 in one's honour 为了纪念某人 be one's honour to do sth. 某人很荣幸做某事 have the honour of doing/to do sth.‎ ‎ 有幸做某事 It is sb.'s/an honour to do sth.‎ ‎ 做某事是某人的荣幸/一件荣幸的事 ‎(2)honoured adj. 受尊敬的，感到荣幸的 be/feel honoured to do sth. 很荣幸做某事 be honoured with ... 被授予……‎ be honoured as ... 被授予……的称号 ‎[练通重点]‎ 介词填空/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎③We celebrate Teachers' Day every year in honour of teachers.‎ ‎④We had honoured Mr. Steven as our President.‎ ‎⑤I feel honoured (honour) to be invited to give you a lecture on how to improve English reading ability.‎ ‎⑥I have the honour to_make (make) a speech to welcome the respected guests.‎ 一句多译 我很荣幸能代表我们公司参加这个会议。‎ ‎⑦I have_the_honour_of_attending the conference on behalf of our company.(honour)‎ ‎⑧It_is_my_honour_to_attend the conference on behalf of our company.(honour)‎ ‎⑨I feel_honoured_to_attend the conference on behalf of our company.(honoured)‎ ‎2．compete vi.比赛；竞争 ‎(1)compete in　　　　 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争 compete for 为……而竞争 compete with/against ...for 为争取……而与……对抗/竞争 ‎(2)competition n. 比赛 competitor n. 竞争者；对手 competitive adj. 有竞争力的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 介词填空 ‎①I am very delighted at getting a chance to compete in the final.‎ ‎②He was clever enough to compete for the mathematics scholarship.‎ 根据汉语提示完成语段 As the youngest ③competitor,_I had to ④compete_in the writing contest against/with 20 other top students for the annual writing award. I must be very ⑤competitive to be the winner.‎ 作为最小的比赛者，我必须和另外20名顶尖的学生在写作比赛中竞争以获得年度写作奖；要成为获胜者，我必须有很强的竞争力。‎ ‎3．tie vt.打成平局；(用绳、线)系，绑，捆；束缚 n．领带，鞋带；平局；关系，联系；纽带 ‎[一词多义] 　写出下列句中tie的含义 ‎①Please tie the safety belt well because the airplane will take off.系上，拴上 ‎②He wore a pale blue shirt and a tie to match.领带 ‎③Each team scored twice and the game ended in a tie.平局 ‎④There's a strong tie between physical health and happiness.联系 ‎⑤I won't tie you too strictly, but I expect you to do what I wish.束缚 ‎4．delighted adj.高兴的；快乐的 ‎(1)be delighted at/with/by ...　　 对……高兴 be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事 be delighted ＋ that从句 很高兴……‎ ‎(2)delight n．　 [U]高兴，快乐；[C]使人高兴的事，乐事 ‎　vt. & vi. (使)高兴 have/find/take delight in (doing) ... 高兴(做)……；以(做)……为乐 to one's delight/to the delight of sb. 令某人高兴的是 with/in delight 高兴地，乐意地 ‎(3)delightful adj. 令人愉快的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 介词填空/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎①The expression on her face suggested that she was delighted with/at/by the result.‎ ‎②He jumped with/in delight when he was told that he had been admitted to the key university. ‎ ‎③The professor was delighted to_find (find) that two thirds of the projects had already been finished by the students independently.‎ ‎④Thank you very much for inviting me to this delightful (delight) dinner.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑤My husband bought me a gold necklace, which_delighted_me_greatly (这使我很高兴)．‎ ‎⑥To_my_delight (令我高兴的是), I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.(2015·福建高考单选改编)‎ ‎⑦People still take/have/find_delight_in (以……为乐) talking about the legendary stories.‎ ‎5．make it＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth.‎ ‎[教材原句]　He dreamt that the Olympics would make_it_possible_for_people_of_all_countries_to_live side by side in peace. ‎ 他梦想着奥运会可以让各国人民和平相处。‎ ‎(1)在此句型中，it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是for sb. to do sth.。‎ ‎(2)当不定式短语或从句等作宾语时，多用it作形式宾语，构成的句型主要有：‎ ‎(3)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think，consider，find，feel等。‎ ‎①The rapid development of science and technology makes_it_possible_for_us_to_do what we couldn't do in the past.‎ 科技的迅速发展使得我们可能做过去不能做的事情。‎ ‎②Susan made_it_clear_to_me_that she wished to make a new life for herself.‎ 苏珊清楚地跟我表明，她希望为自己创造新的生活。‎ ‎③I consider it_no_use_quarrelling with him about it.‎ 我认为就这件事和他争吵是没有用的。‎ ‎6．形容词(短语)作状语 ‎[教材原句]　The Eagles went home angry_and_bitter because they did not win the tournament.‎ 鹰队在锦标赛上铩羽而归，既恼火又愤愤不平。‎ ‎(1)形容词(短语)作状语说明句子主语的特点或处于某种状态，可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。‎ ‎(2)作原因状语时，相当于because从句，这时形容词(短语)通常放在句首。‎ ‎①Eager_to_see_the_sunrise,_they got up at four.‎ 急于去看日出，他们4点就起床了。‎ ‎②One woman was lying in bed, awake,_listening to the rushing windows.‎ 一位女士躺在床上，没有睡着，听着那急促的风声。‎ ‎③When it was his turn to deliver his speech, he walked towards the microphone, nervous_and_embarrassed.‎ 当轮到他发表演讲时，他走到了麦克风前，紧张而又尴尬。‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　Luke was criticized by the teacher for his absence from class for no reason rather than his failure in the exam.The teacher warned him not to be ❶________ (absence) from class for no reason again; otherwise he would be removed from school. ❷Luke had to make a promise that he would not do that again and study hard to pass the coming exams next time.‎ ‎1.The reason why Luke was criticized by his teacher is that __A__.‎ A.he didn't go to school B.he didn't pass the exam ‎2.①处用所给单词的适当形式填空：absent。‎ ‎3.②处句中含that引导的同位语从句。‎ ‎7．absence n．缺席，不在场；不存在；缺乏，没有 ‎(1)absence from work/class　　 缺勤/缺课 ‎ in/during one's absence＝in/during the absence of ‎ 在某人不在/缺席的时候 in/during the absence of sth. 在缺乏某物的时候 absence of mind(＝absentminded adj.)‎ ‎ 心不在焉 ‎(2)absent adj. 不在的；缺席的；茫然的 be absent from ... 不参加……；缺席……‎ ‎[多角练透]‎ 介词填空 ‎①I will go on a business trip tomorrow; Mark will be in charge of the company in/during my absence.‎ ‎②He was absent from the conference yesterday because of his sudden heart disease.‎ 句型转换 ‎③He was blamed because he was absent from the meeting.‎ ‎→He was blamed for his absence from the meeting.‎ 完成句子 ‎④However, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in_the_absence_of_a_native_environment (在缺乏母语环境的时候)．‎ ‎⑤The total absence_of_mind (心不在焉) caused him to fail the exam.‎ ‎[名师指津]　 如：absent from Shanghai“不在上海”；absent in Shanghai“在上海”。‎ ‎8．otherwise adv.& conj.否则，不然adv.在其他方面；不同地 ‎[一词多义] 　写出下列句中otherwise的含义 ‎①He intended to be a teacher in a university but fate decided otherwise.不同地 ‎②Always follow the doctor's advice for appropriate wear. Otherwise, you may have problems.否则，不然 ‎③She is not very clever, but otherwise she's a nice girl.在其他方面 ‎[系统考点]‎ ‎(1)otherwise (conj.)＝or/or else ‎(2)otherwise (adv.)＝differently/in another way ‎＝in the other way/in a different way ‎④Seize the chance; or else (＝otherwise) you will regret it.‎ 抓住这次机会，否则你会后悔的。‎ ‎⑤The rent is high, but in the other way (＝otherwise) the house is satisfactory.‎ 房租是贵，可这房子在其他方面倒是令人满意。‎ ‎[真题印证]‎ ‎⑥(2017·天津高考)—Do you have Betty's phone number?‎ ‎—Yes. Otherwise, I ________ able to reach her yesterday.‎ A．hadn't been　　　　　　 B．wouldn't have been C．weren't D．wouldn't be 解析：选B　考查虚拟语气。句意：“你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？” “有。不然我昨天就不可能联系上她了。”根据句中的时间状语和副词Otherwise判断，这里表示与过去事实相反的情况，此时谓语用“could/might/would/should＋完成式”，因此选B。‎ ‎[名师指津]　otherwise作连词且意为“否则，不然”讲时，其后的句子所描述的情况如果与事实相反，则用虚拟语气；如果与事实相符，则用陈述语气。‎ ‎9．remove vt.去除，移开；开除；免职，解除(职务)；脱去(衣物)；拿走；搬迁 ‎[一词多义] 　写出下列句中remove的含义 ‎①If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not notice.拿走 ‎②He removed his jacket when he arrived home.脱掉 ‎③He was severely criticized and removed from his post.免职 ‎④The agreement removes the last serious obstacle to the signing of the treaty.清除 ‎⑤Three children were removed from school for bad behaviors.开除 ‎[系统考点]‎ ‎(1)remove ...from ...　　　　 把……从……移开 remove from ...to ... 把……搬到……‎ remove sb. from school 开除某人，勒令某人退学 ‎(2)removal n. 移植；解除；搬迁；免职 ‎⑥Students removed several desks from their classroom to another one.‎ 学生们把几张课桌从他们的教室搬到了另外一间教室。‎ ‎ ‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　Last year, I had a serious traffic accident. After the operation, I practised ❶________ (walk) and attempted to get up by myself, but failed. I felt disappointed. ❷________， my parents did all in their power to encourage me. I managed to hang on — disappointment made way ❸________ perseverance and at last I could walk, which made me know that perseverance brings success.‎ ‎1.①处用所给单词的适当形式填空：walking。‎ ‎2.选出最佳选项填入②处：__C__。‎ A.Besides　　　　B．Otherwise C.However D．Furthermore ‎3.在③处填入适当的介词：_for。‎ ‎10．attempt n．& vt.尝试，努力，试图；企图 ‎(1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 试图做某事　　　　　　‎ at the first attempt 第一次尝试 ‎(2)attempt to do sth.＝try/seek to do sth.‎ ‎ 努力做某事；企图做某事 ‎(3)attempted adj. 未遂的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 完成句子 ‎①He attempted_to_get_in_touch_with_them (努力与他们联系) but without success.‎ ‎②Jim had prepared carefully for his driving test so that he could be sure of passing it at_the_first_attempt (第一次尝试)．‎ 句型转换 ‎③He attempted to pass the CET4, but failed in the end.‎ ‎→He made an attempt at passing /to pass the CET4, but failed in the end.‎ ‎11．power n．力量；能量(尤指电)；能力；影响力；权力；统治vt.驱动，提供动力 ‎[练牢基点]　写出下列句中power的含义 ‎①Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred.电，电力 ‎②It is said that he has the power of holding his audience.能力 ‎③So enormous was the hurricane's power that it carried away the whole building.力量 ‎④The police and the army have been given special powers to deal with such a situation.权力 ‎⑤All these modern educational aids are powered by electricity.提供动力 ‎[系统考点]‎ ‎(1)be in power　　 　　　 掌权，执政(表示状态)‎ come to/into power 上台，执政(表示动作)‎ in/within one's power 在某人的能力/权力范围之内 out of/beyond one's power　 超出某人的能力 ‎(2)powerful adj. 强有力的，强大的 ‎[练通重点]‎ 介词填空 ‎⑥Not that I don't want to help you, but that it's beyond my power to do so.‎ ‎⑦Though he has been in power for two years, he hasn't found an effective solution to the country's economic problems.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑧When the government had_come_to_power,_he had been named minister of culture.‎ 这届政府开始执政的时候，他被任命为文化部部长。‎ ‎⑨I will do what is in_my_power to help you with the problem.‎ 我会在我能力范围之内帮你解决这件事。‎ ‎12．hang on (＝hold on) 不挂断；(在逆境中)坚持；紧紧握住，保留 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎❶hang on to　　　　　　　 抓紧；保留，不卖掉，不放弃 ‎❷hang up (on sb.) 挂(某人的)电话 ‎❸hang out 晾出；闲逛 ‎❹hang about/around 徘徊，闲荡 ‎[应用领悟]‎ ‎①It's hard work, but if you hang on, you are sure to succeed in the end.‎ ‎②工作是艰苦的，但只要坚持下去，最终你会成功的。‎ There are some people who hang on to their jobs long after they should have retired.‎ 某些人本来早该退休，却还抓住工作不放。‎ ‎③The principal warned the students not to hang around/about the corner grocery store after school.‎ 校长警告学生放学后不要在街角的杂货铺里闲逛。‎ ‎13．make way for 给……让路，让位于……‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎❶make one's way to　 向……走去 ‎❷give way to 让路；让步；被……代替 ‎❸in the way 挡路，挡道，妨碍 ‎❹in a way 在某种意义上 ‎❺in no way 绝不(位于句首，句子要部分倒装)‎ ‎❻under way 在进行，在举行 ‎❼on the way 在路上；将要发生 ‎[应用领悟]‎ ‎①The policeman asked us to make way for the old man.‎ 警察叫我们给那位老人让路。‎ ‎②In the evening we made our way to the railway station against the snowstorm.‎ 晚上，我们顶着暴风雪向火车站走去。 ‎ ‎③In no way can teaching in school be separated from practice.‎ 学校教学决不可以脱离实际。‎ ‎④No doubt he was just trying to help, but in fact he just got in the way.‎ 毫无疑问他只是想帮忙，可事实上他只是帮倒忙。‎ ‎ [单元语基落实]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．We were delayed at the airport. Otherwise (否则) we would have been here by lunchtime.‎ ‎2．As soon as she learns the office routine (常规), she will be an excellent assistant.‎ ‎3．The only time that we attempted (试图) to do something like that was in the city of Philadelphia.‎ ‎4．He had tied (系，拴) the dog to one of the trees near the canal.‎ ‎5．As soon as the cake is done, remove (移开) it from the oven.‎ ‎6．Darwin generalized from many facts to reach his idea about the origin (起源) of man.‎ ‎7．For many of us, this is the right time of the year we can really enjoy the outdoors (户外)．‎ ‎8．The flight will be announced soon. Meanwhile (在此期间), please remain seated.‎ ‎9．The association (关联) between the two companies stretches back thirty years.‎ ‎10．Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. I'm honoured (荣幸的) to have this opportunity to talk to you.‎ Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1．Athletes from many countries came to compete ________ each other ________ gold medals ________ the Asian games.‎ A．with; for; against　　　 B．against; for; in C．in; for; with D．against; with; for 解析：选B　句意：来自许多国家的运动员在亚运会上互相争夺金牌。compete against“与……比赛/对抗”；compete for“为……而竞赛”；compete in“在……上竞争”。‎ ‎2．We didn't know you were in trouble at that time, ________ we would have given you a hand.‎ A．but B．so C．otherwise D．and 解析：选C　句意：我们不知道你当时有麻烦，不然我们就会帮助你的。otherwise后面的句子中用了虚拟语气。‎ ‎3．While in London, we paid a visit to the hospital founded ________ the nurse Florence Nightingale.‎ A．in line with B．in favour of C．in honour of D．in place of 解析：选C　句意：在伦敦时，我们参观了为纪念护士弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔而建立的医院。in honour of“纪念，向……表示敬意”，符合语境。‎ ‎4．Several houses were pulled down to ________ the park.‎ A．make away with B．make way for C．make for D．make out 解析：选B　句意：一些房子被拆毁来给公园让路。make away with “带……逃走，摧毁”；make way for“给……让路”；make for“有利于，倾向于”；make out“书写，理解”。‎ ‎5．When the policeman stopped us, we all looked questioningly at him, ________.‎ A．nervously and puzzled B．nervous and puzzling C．nervous and puzzled D．nervously and puzzling 解析：选C　此处为形容词作伴随状语，puzzled修饰人，而puzzling不能修饰人，只能修饰物，故选C。‎ ‎6．It is amazing how quickly the idea “The world is so big and I want to see it” ________ throughout the country and everybody seemed to be talking about it.‎ A．caught on　　　　　　　 B．hung on C．went on D．carried on 解析：选A　句意：令人惊奇的是“世界这么大，我想去看看”的想法这么快在全国流行起来，每个人似乎都在谈论。catch on “(开始)流行起来”；hang on“坚持”；go on“继续”；carry on“继续进行”。根据句意可知选A。‎ ‎7．The ________ of severe punishments plays a major role in the growing road safety problem.‎ A．presence B．absence C．existence D．evidence 解析：选B　句意：缺乏严厉的处罚是道路安全问题频发的重要原因。此处play a role in (在……中起作用)可引申为“导致，引起”。absence“没有，缺乏”，符合句意。‎ ‎8．(2018·江苏八市高三调研) The plan was so shallow and impractical that no serious ________ was ever made to realize it.‎ A．recognition B．comment C．attempt D．credit 解析：选C　句意：这个计划如此的肤浅和不切实际，以至于没有人认真地尝试去实现它。make an attempt to do sth.“尝试去做某事”，符合句意。recognition“认出”；comment “议论；评论”；credit“赞扬”。‎ ‎9．Tom Cruise's excellent performance in Mission Impossible 4 ________ all the audience that night.‎ A．puzzled B．disappointed C．annoyed D．delighted 解析：选D　句意：那天晚上汤姆·克鲁斯在《碟中谍4》中的精湛表演让所有的观众大饱眼福。delight sb.“使某人高兴”，符合句意。puzzle sb.“使某人困惑”；disappoint sb.“使某人失望”；annoy sb.“使某人烦恼”。‎ ‎10．(2018·镇江模拟)Three boys have been ________ from our school for constant bad behavior since the new rule took effect.‎ A．removed B．cancelled C．suffered D．offended 解析：选A　句意：自从新的规定生效以来，有三名学生因为持续的不良行为而被开除。‎ remove“移除，开除”；cancel“取消”；suffer“遭受”；offend“冒犯”。根据句意可知选A。‎ Ⅲ.翻译句子 ‎1．这个小女孩走在街上，又冷又饿。(形容词作状语)‎ The_little_girl_was_walking_in_the_street,_cold_and_hungry.‎ ‎2．你最好现在就走，要不然就赶不上火车了。(otherwise作连词)‎ You'd_better_go_now;_otherwise_you'll_miss_the_train.‎ ‎3．我们认为把小孩子单独留在房间是错误的。(think it＋adj.＋to do sth.)‎ We_think_it_wrong_to_leave_the_children_alone_in_the_house.‎ ‎4．她肯定是做好了面试的充分准备，因为她看起来很自信。(must have done)‎ She_must_have_made_full_preparations_for_the_interview,_for_she_looked_very_confident.‎ ‎5．把信传给坐在你旁边的人。(pass sth. on to sb.)‎ Pass_the_letter_on_to_the_person_sitting_next_to_you.‎ Ⅳ.课文段落大意概括 阅读本单元Project部分，试着以约30个词概括第一篇课文第一段(P38，L1－9)的段落大意。‎ If a sport wants to enter the Olympics, it must have its own international association and is at least practised by men in 75 countries on four continents or women in 40 countries on three continents.‎ ‎[高考提能训练] ‎ 检测评价A卷 Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1．(2018·江苏泰州高三质检)John had planned to make a compromise, but ________ he changed his mind at the last minute. ‎ A．anyhow　　　　　　　　　 B．otherwise C．therefore D．somehow 解析：选D　句意：John打算妥协的，但是不知道什么缘故，在最后几分钟，他改变了主意。anyhow“无论如何”； otherwise“否则”；therefore“因此”；somehow“不知道什么缘故”。根据句意可知选D。‎ ‎2．—Sharon, many experts believe that the two pictures are roughly ________.‎ ‎—I don't quite agree. The painting styles may look very similar but their painters were born in quite different dynasties.‎ A．conventional B．contradictory C．contemporary D．conservative 解析：选C　句意：“莎伦，很多专家相信，这两幅画几乎是同时代的。”“我不太同意。绘画风格可能看起来相似，但是两位画家完全属于不同的朝代。”conventional“传统的”；contradictory“矛盾的”；contemporary“同时代的”；conservative“保守的”。根据句意可知选C。‎ ‎3．(2018·扬州模拟)No wonder some people don't show sympathy for the victim of the accident. She ________ have observed the traffic rules.‎ A．must B．should C．need D．would 解析：选B　句意：难怪一些人并不同情这次意外的受害者。她本应该遵守交通规则。should have done“本应做而实际上未做”。‎ ‎4．Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it at the first ________.‎ A．intention B．effort C．attempt D．sight 解析：选C　句意：雪莉为她的生物考试做了精心的准备，这样她就可以第一次就通过考试了。at the first attempt“第一次尝试”。‎ ‎5．—How about buying Tim a mobile phone? After all, he isn't a boy any more.‎ ‎—I think it's necessary, for we sometimes want to make sure if he ________ home for dinner.‎ A．will come B．comes C．has come D．would come 解析：选A　句意：“为Tim买个手机怎么样啊？毕竟，他不再是一个孩子了。”“我认为很有必要，我们有时候想确认他是否会回家吃饭。”从句中所说的事在说话时间看来是将要发生的事，所以用将来时。if在此引导宾语从句。‎ ‎6．—How about dinner tonight? It's on me.‎ ‎—________.‎ A．You are welcome B．Oh, I'd like to C．Well, I'm afraid so D．That's all right 解析：选B　句意：“今晚一起吃饭怎么样？我请客。”“噢，我很乐意。”You are welcome“不客气，不用谢”；I'd like to“我愿意，我乐意”；I'm afraid so“恐怕是这样”；That's all right“不用谢，没关系”。根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎7．—Do you know ________ they got to know each other?‎ ‎—It was last year ________ they both taught Chinese in Scotland.‎ A．when it was that; when B．when was it that; when C．when it was that; that D．when was it that; that 解析：选A　句意：“你知道他们是什么时候认识的吗？”“是去年他们在苏格兰教汉语的时候他们认识的。”从结构可知know 后面是宾语从句，从句要用陈述语序；根据语境可知答语是省略了that they got to know each other部分的强调句型，last year 后是定语从句，从句主干完整，故last year在从句中作状语，使用关系副词。‎ ‎8．Having a brother or sister protects adolescents against negative feelings such as loneliness and guilt, but they also have to learn to ________ and to control their emotions.‎ A．compete B．compensate C．comprehend D．compromise 解析：选D　compete“竞争，比赛，对抗”；compensate“补偿，赔偿”；comprehend“理解，包含”。compromise意为“妥协，让步”，指相互之间的谦让，与句意相符。‎ ‎9．The villagers collected money to set up a monument ________ those who died in the great earthquake.‎ A．in charge of B．in place of ‎ C．in need of D．in memory of 解析：选D　句意：村民们集资建起一个纪念馆以纪念那些在大地震中死去的人们。in memory of “纪念”，符合句意。in charge of“主管，负责”；in place of“代替”；in need of“需要”。‎ ‎10．Parents should guide their children, not direct them. Observe ________ your child's talent and interests lie, and then encourage them in those directions.‎ A．what B．where C．when D．that 解析：选B　根据题干中的lie可知此处要用连接副词where引导宾语从句。where在从句中作地点状语。‎ ‎11．________ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.‎ A．It were B．Were it C．It was D．Was it 解析：选B　虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were; 虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were/Should/Had I ...，故选B。‎ ‎12．After five days of the fantastic space trip, the two astronauts walked out of the spaceship, ________.‎ A．tired but happy B．tiredly but happily C．tiredly and happily D．tired and happy 解析：选A　句意：五天美妙的太空旅行之后，两个宇航员走出宇宙飞船，疲劳但非常幸福。根据题意可知，tired but happy修饰、说明主语当时所处的一种状态，符合题意。‎ ‎13．(2018·苏州高三模拟)Journalists are evenly split on whether or not they should interview their personal heroes: some say you shouldn't because you'll find your idol has ________， while ‎ others argue the opportunity is too good to miss.‎ A．butterflies in his stomach B．green fingers C．feet of clay D．a wet blanket 解析：选C　句意：在记者是否应该采访他们个人的偶像(这个问题)上，记者们平均地分为了两派：一些人说你不应该，因为你会发现你的偶像有品格上的弱点，而另一些人则认为这个机会太好了而不容错过。butterflies in his stomach“紧张”；green fingers“园艺技能”；feet of clay“品格上的弱点”；a wet blanket“扫兴的人”。根据语境可知选C项。‎ ‎14．The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, ________ are beyond our control.‎ A．most of them B．most of which C．most of what D．most of that 解析：选B　句意：植物的生长速度受诸多因素的影响，绝大多数的因素是我们控制不了的。which引导非限制性定语从句，且作介词of的宾语。 ‎ ‎15．________ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand.‎ A．While B．Since C．As D．If 解析：选A　句意：尽管模特业绝非容易进入，但好模特总是很紧缺。while“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2018·连云港模拟)Music plays an important role in the development of children from the time they are born. Some argue that music can have a __1__ effect on a child even before birth. Music __2__ children in their development and communication. Music also enables children to learn faster in other __3__ of development, such as language and memorization.‎ First, music can aid the __4__ development of a child in a number of ways. It helps them to __5__ things. For example, most children learn the __6__ and commit it to memory by learning the alphabet song. Since music is __7__ on a series of patterns, __8__ exposure to music enables children to recognize patterns. This ability helps children develop their math, science and reading skills. ‎ Second, __9__ children to music from different parts of the __10__ will help them to learn about other cultures and recognize differences __11__ cultures. This can also help children __12__ an appreciation for different cultures and traditions. Besides, getting __13__ moving their bodies to music is a fun and simple form of __14__， which is a good way to fight child obesity. __15__ and dances can also help children identify their different body parts and learn their __16__ side ‎ from their left side.‎ ‎__17__， listening to music, learning songs, learning to __18__ a musical instrument and learning to dance all require children to listen __19__ to instructions, words and melodies. This __20__ focus on something the children enjoy doing will help them to develop strong listening skills, which will aid them later in life.‎ 语篇解读：音乐对孩子的发展是非常重要的。它不仅能够促进孩子的智力发展，还是一种很好的锻炼方式。‎ ‎1．A.harmful　　　　　　　　 B．positive C．slight D．dangerous 解析：选B　第一句提到从孩子出生起，音乐就对他们的发展起着重要作用。该空所在句紧承上文，点明有些人认为甚至在孩子出生前音乐就对他们有“积极的”影响。‎ ‎2．A.aids B．occurs C．exists D．hides 解析：选A　该空前后的内容讲的都是音乐的益处，故此处是说音乐有助于孩子的发展和交流。aid sb. in sth.意为“在某方面帮助某人”。‎ ‎3．A.designs B．questions C．areas D．deals 解析：选C　后面所举的语言和记忆是孩子发展的其他“方面/领域”。‎ ‎4．A.emotional B．spiritual C．physical D．intellectual 解析：选D　该空所在句是本段的主旨句。本段中提到的开发记忆力和识别模式都是孩子的“智力”发展方面。‎ ‎5．A.imagine B．increase C．judge D．remember 解析：选D　根据下一句所举例子中的“commit it to memory”可知，音乐可以帮助孩子“记住”一些东西。‎ ‎6．A.number B．alphabet C．spelling D．reading 解析：选B　通过字母歌来学习的应当是“字母表”。‎ ‎7．A.spent B．taught C．listed D．based 解析：选D　因为音乐是以不同模式为基础的，所以学习音乐可以帮助孩子识别不同的模式。be based on 意为“以……为基础”。‎ ‎8．A.early B．official C．simple D．recent 解析：选A　联系第一段前两句可知，此处应表示“早期”接触音乐对孩子的影响。‎ ‎9．A.returning B．forcing C．exposing D．expressing 解析：选C　只有让孩子接触音乐才会帮助他们了解与音乐有关的文化。expose sb. to sth. 意为“让某人接触某物”。‎ ‎10．A.book B．video C．world D．field 解析：选C　最能帮助孩子们学习其他文化的应当是来自“世界”不同地区的音乐。‎ ‎11．A.after B．between C．over D．about 解析：选B　联系该句中的“different parts”可知，此处应表示让孩子了解不同文化“之间”的差异。‎ ‎12．A.surround B．require C．order D．develop 解析：选D　在了解不同的文化以及它们之间的差异后，孩子们可以“形成”一种对不同文化和传统的鉴赏力。‎ ‎13．A.adults B．children C．friends D．elders 解析：选B　因为本文主要论述的是音乐对孩子们的影响，所以此处应表示音乐会让“孩子们”动起来。‎ ‎14．A.exercise B．manner C．behavior D．feeling 解析：选A　让孩子们随着音乐运动身体是一种可以帮助孩子们对抗肥胖问题的“锻炼”方式。‎ ‎15．A.Films B．Songs C．Texts D．Operas 解析：选B　上一句讲了让孩子们随着音乐舞动身体的益处。该空所在句继续谈论“歌曲”和舞蹈的作用。‎ ‎16．A.both B．left C．right D．either 解析：选C　分析本句的结构和内容可知，此处应选与该空后的left相对的right(右侧的)。‎ ‎17．A.Finally B．Totally C．Frankly D．Luckily 解析：选A　根据前面两段开头的First和Second可知，此处应选Finally，以引出对最后一点的论述。‎ ‎18．A.play B．repair C．make D．sell 解析：选A　本文旨在论述音乐的益处，故此处应指“演奏”一种乐器。‎ ‎19．A.frequently B．fluently C．carefully D．carelessly 解析：选C　根据下一句中的“focus on something”可知，此处指孩子要“认真”听从各种指令、词语和旋律。‎ ‎20．A.ignored B．advanced C．lost D．needed 解析：选D　当孩子们在做他们喜欢做的事情时，他们“需要”专注，而这种专注有助于孩子们以后的发展。‎ Ⅲ.任务型阅读 ‎(2018·泰州模拟)One of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together. Researchers began reporting the advantages of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affected children. Studies show that those families who eat dinner together at least 3 or 4 times a week benefit in many ways.‎ First of all, eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. Children have better performance at school. For many families, eating dinner together proves to be a good and effective way to reduce the rates of drug addiction, lessen depression, and help to raise healthier children.‎ During dinner time, parents have a better chance to know their children. Sitting at the same table to share meals is when and where parents can find out more about their children's tastes, their everyday life in general, what they like and what they dislike. When parents have all this information, they can better direct their kids towards good and positive things in their life, such as useful activities and behavior.‎ The study by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University has discovered all kinds of interesting educational patterns. For example, parents with less than a college education or with no education at all eat more frequently with their children than parents with college or university degrees. Children who eat with their parents on a regular basis mainly get As and Bs at school. Researchers have also found that compared with teens who have more than 5 family dinners on a weekly basis, those who have two or less are 2.5 times more likely to smoke cigarettes and 3 times more likely to try drugs.‎ However, family researchers say that the advantages of family dinner by no means can be considered as the only important rule. Parents can sit down to dine with their kids every day and ‎ achieve nothing. No families can benefit if there are too many arguments, if there is no meaningful conversation or, what is even worse, if there is just complete silence at family gatherings.‎ The important part of regular family dinners together is to exchange ideas and find out what is going on. It is a great way for mom and dad to set and discuss certain rules, such as monitoring kid's friends. The advantages of eating together can last much longer than many people might think, especially if your family mealtimes become a regular activity.‎ Title: About having family dinner together Theme Having dinner together is of great importance.‎ The (1)______ ‎ of family dinner ‎•Family members can (2)________ openly and healthier relationships can be built.‎ ‎•It can help children do well in exams.‎ ‎•It has a good (3)________ on reducing the rates of drug addiction and lessen depression.‎ ‎•Parents have a(n) (4)________ to understand their children and direct them.‎ The (5)______ ‎ of the study by ‎ CASA ‎•Parents with little education are more (6)________ to dine with their children.‎ ‎•Children eating with parents (7)_______ get mainly As and Bs at school.‎ ‎•Teens having two or less family dinners probably try smoking or drugs.‎ The (8)______ ‎ from family ‎ researchers ‎•Parents should (9)________ to their children and avoid quarrels and silence during family dinner.‎ ‎•Exchange ideas and find out what is going on.‎ ‎•Make it a regular (10)________ to have family meals.‎ 答案：1.advantages/importance　2.communicate　3.effect/influence　4.chance/opportunity　5.results　6.likely ‎7．regularly　8.suggestions/advice　9.talk　10.activity 检测评价B卷 阅读理解 A The following safety risks may result in serious injury or death to the user of the MINI Cooper S：‎ This product contains small parts that are for adult assembly (组装) only. Keep small children away when assembling. Remove all protective materials before assembly. Be sure to remove all packaging materials and parts from underneath the car body.‎ Battery posts contain lead known to the state of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Never open the battery.‎ Body parts such as hands, legs, hair and clothing can get caught in moving parts. Never place a body part near a moving part or wear loose clothing while using the vehicle. Always wear shoes when using the vehicle.‎ Using the vehicle near streets, motor vehicles, dropoffs such as steps, water (swimming pools) or other bodies of water, hills, wet areas, in alleys, at night or in the dark could result in an unexpected accident. Instead, use the vehicle on the highway. Always use the vehicle in a safe, secure environment.‎ Using the vehicle in unsafe conditions such as snow, rain, loose dirt, mud, or sand may result in unexpected action, for example tip over.‎ Using the vehicle in an unsafe manner. Examples include but are not limited to：‎ ‎·Pulling the vehicle with another vehicle or similar device ‎·Allowing more than two riders ‎·Pushing the user from the back ‎·Traveling at an unsafe speed Always use common sense and safe practices when using the vehicle.‎ Store the vehicle indoors or cover it to protect it from weather. Water will damage the motor, electric system, and battery.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，是关于安装MINI Cooper S的操作指南及使用时的注意事项的。‎ ‎1．When assembling, you should ________.‎ A．open the battery on the spot B．ignore the packaging materials C．keep small children off the spot D．take away all protective materials 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，在组装MINI Cooper S的时候要让孩子远离，故选C项。‎ ‎2．Where can you probably find the text?‎ A．In an official report.　　　　 B．In a popular magazine.‎ C．In a physics textbook. D．In a product handbook.‎ 解析：选D　文章出处题。根据文章内容可知，本文是关于安装MINI Cooper S的操作指南及使用时的注意事项的，故选D项。‎ B It is a picture every soccer lover is familiar with: As the team captain puts the trophy (奖杯) over his head, the crowd goes wild and sings the name of their heroes. But who do you think really has control of team sports? The players? The coach? Maybe it could be a computer.‎ A detailed analysis of the passing strategies of 20 teams in the Spanish football league during the past season has given a unique insight (了解) into how they play. It was part of an effort to use artificial intelligence (AI) to give coaches a better understanding of the games. It looked at over 300,000 passes made across the entire season and found hundreds of patterns used by the teams. It also looked at whether they happened in more than one game. It turned out that Barcelona and Real Madrid had more than 100 repeated passing patterns, while Atlético Madrid, which won the league that season, had just 31 repeated passing patterns.‎ Stefan Szymanski, a professor of sports management in the University of Michigan, says fewer repeated passing patterns could be why Atlético Madrid had such a successful season. “If I were a club coach I might even say we don't want more passing patterns, we want fewer patterns，” he says. “That's just what makes Messi the greatest player on the planet.”‎ The hope is that a system like this could help coaches better understand the strategies of opposing teams. What's more, coaches wouldn't have to spend so long looking through video footage of games — machines could pick out the key moments and tactics for them.‎ The idea is now being used in many different team sports. Alan Fern, a computer scientist at Oregon State University, has worked at a project on American football matches. He says computers still need to get better at picking out patterns for coaches. But he believes they have great promise. “I think they will definitely revolutionize sports. Every 20 years there's a revolution in strategies in most sports，” he adds.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了人工智能在足球领域中的应用及其带来的极大帮助。‎ ‎3．According to Stefan Szymanski, what makes Messi great?‎ A．His unique passing patterns.‎ B．His deep insight into opposing teams.‎ C．His skilled soccer skills.‎ D．His lack of predictable moves.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“we don't want more passing patterns, we want fewer patterns”和“That's just what makes Messi the greatest player on the planet.”可知，传球模式少是梅西成为最杰出的球员的原因，故可推知，梅西在赛场上的动作难以预料。故选D项。‎ ‎4．What does Alan Fern think of computers?‎ A．They will add football match types.‎ B．They are mature in picking out patterns.‎ C．They will bring big changes to most sports.‎ D．They will help coaches in all sports in the future.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是“I think they will definitely revolutionize sports. Every 20 years there's a revolution in strategies in most sports”可知，Alan Fern认为电脑在未来将会给大部分运动带来大的变化。故选C项。‎ ‎5．Which can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Who shapes the best player?‎ B．What makes computers stand out in sports?‎ C．The rise of AI in sports D．The strengths and weaknesses of AI 解析：选C　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了人工智能在足球领域中的应用及其带来的极大帮助，且其在许多不同的团队运动中也得到了应用。故C项适合作文章标题。‎ C ‎(2018·徐州模拟)Ernest Hemingway was not only a commanding figure in 20thcentury literature, but was also a_pack_rat. He saved even his old passports and used bullfight tickets, leaving behind one of the longest paper trails of any author. ‎ ‎“Ernest Hemingway: Between Two Wars”， which opens on Friday at the Morgan Library & Museum, is the first major museum exhibition devoted to Hemingway and his work. The largest and most interesting section focuses on the '20s, Hemingway's Paris years, and reveals a writer we might have been in danger of forgetting: Hemingway_before_he_became_Hemingway.‎ The exhibition does not fail to include pictures of the bearded, manly, Hem. He's shown posing with some kudu he has just shot in Africa and on the bridge of his beloved fishing boat, the Pilar, with Carlos Gutiérrez, the fisherman who became the model for The Old Man and the Sea. But the first photo the viewer sees is a big blowup of a handsome, cleanshaven, 19yearold standing on crutches. This is from the summer of 1918, when Hemingway was recovering from wounds at the Red Cross hospital in Milan and trying to turn his wartime experiences into fiction.‎ The evidence at this exhibition suggests that, in the early days, he often wrote in pencil, mostly in cheap notebooks but sometimes on whatever paper came to hand. The first draft of the short story Soldier's Home was written on sheets he appeared to have snatched from a telegraph office. The impression you get is of a young writer seized by inspiration and sometimes barreling ahead without an entirely clear sense of where he is going.‎ F. Scott Fitzgerald (some of whose letters with Hemingway is also on view) famously urged him to cut the first two chapters of The Sun Also Rises, complaining about the “elephantine ‎ facetiousness” of the beginning, and Hemingway obliged, getting rid of a clunky opening that now seems almost “meta”. In 1929, in a ninepage penciled critique, Fitzgerald also suggested numerous revisions for A Farewell to Arms. Hemingway took some of these, but less graciously, and soon afterward his friendship with Fitzgerald came to an end.‎ The papers at the Morgan show a Hemingway who is not always sure of himself. There are running lists of stories he kept fiddling with, and there are lists and lists of possible titles, including the 45 he considered for Farewell and 47 different endings for the novel.‎ In display case after display case, you see Hemingway during his Paris years inventing and reinventing himself, discovering as he goes along just what kind of writer he wants to be. In a moving 1925 letter to his parents, who refused to read In Our Time, his second story collection, he writes: “You see I'm trying in all my stories to get the feeling of the actual life across — not just to describe life — or criticize it — but to actually make it alive. So that when you have read something by me you actually experience the thing. You can't do this without putting in the bad and the ugly as well as what is beautiful.”‎ By the time the Second World War broke out, Hemingway had solidified into the iconic figure we now remember: Papa. Even J. D. Salinger calls him this. And a blustery, cranky Hemingway appears in 1949 when aboard the Pilar he grabs an old fishing diary and begins scrawling an angry letter to Harold Ross, the editor of The New Yorker, complaining about Alfred Kazin's review of Across the River and into the Trees, not, in truth, a very good book. But, Hemingway, often drinking and depressed, didn't know it, his best work was behind him by then.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国著名作家、诺贝尔文学奖获得者海明威成名的过程。‎ ‎6．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined words “a pack rat” in the passage?‎ A．A person who doesn't waste anything.‎ B．A person who cannot be relied on.‎ C．A person who likes to collect rubbish.‎ D．A person who enjoys collecting things.‎ 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据画线词的下一句可知海明威喜欢收集东西，故选D。a pack rat意为“喜欢囤积东西的人”。‎ ‎7．How many of Hemingway's works are mentioned in this passage?‎ A．4. B．5.‎ C．6. D．7.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。第三段提到了The Old Man and the Sea，第四段提到了Soldier's Home, 第五段提到了The Sun Also Rises和A Farewell to Arms，第七段提到了的In Our Time，最后一段提到了的Across the River and into the Trees。很显然，总共提到了六部作品。‎ ‎8．What does the writer truly mean by saying “Hemingway before he became Hemingway.”？‎ A．Hemingway wrote many masterpieces before he killed himself.‎ B．Hemingway was once a war correspondent before he became a famous writer.‎ C．Hemingway devoted all his strengths to writing before he won the Nobel Prize.‎ D．Hemingway kept exploring the world and adjusting himself before he became a commanding figure in literature.‎ 解析：选D　句意理解题。根据画线句前的“reveals a writer we might have been in danger of forgetting (揭示了一位我们可能会忘记的作家)”可知，作者指的是成为20世纪文坛中一位举足轻重的人物之前的海明威，一位曾到过世界许多地方，写作方式、文风、性格和形象不断发生改变的海明威。‎ ‎9．According to the Morgan show, readers are likely to see ________ in Hemingway's works.‎ ‎①tough men who can't be defeated ‎②antiwar fighters ‎③the dark side of the world as well as its beauty ‎④love affairs between a man and a woman ‎⑤the story of a family business A．①③ B．②④‎ C．①⑤ D．③⑤‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段的内容和倒数第二段最后一句可知。‎ D ‎ A few years ago, in one experiment in behavioural psychology, Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40 subjects for their willingness to obey instructions given by a “leader” in a situation in which the subjects might feel a personal dislike of the actions they were called upon to perform. Specifically, Milgram told each volunteer “teachersubject” that the experiment was in the noble cause of education, and was designed to test whether or not punishing pupils for their mistakes would have a positive effect on the pupils' ability to learn.‎ The teachersubjects were placed before a panel of thirty switches with labels ranging from “15 volts of electricity (slight shock)” to “450 volts (danger－severe shock)” in steps of 15 volts each. The teachersubject was told that whenever the pupil gave the wrong answer to a question, a shock was to be administered. The supposed “pupil” was in reality an actor hired by Milgram to pretend to receive the shocks by giving out cries and screams. Milgram told the teachersubject to ignore the reactions of the pupil, and to administer whatever level of shock was called for.‎ As the experiment unfolded, the “pupil” would deliberately give the wrong answers to questions, thereby bringing on various electrical punishments, even up to the danger level of 300 volts and beyond. Many of the teachersubjects balked_at administering the higher levels of punishment, and turned to Milgram. In these situations, Milgram calmly explained that the teachersubject was ‎ to carry on with the experiment and that it was important for the sake of the experiment that the procedure be followed through to the end. What Milgram was trying to discover was the number of teachersubjects who would be willing to administer the highest levels of shock, even in the face of strong personal and moral revulsion (反感) against the rules and conditions of the experiment.‎ Before carrying out the experiment, Milgram explained his idea to a group of 39 psychiatrists and asked them to predict the average percentage of people who would be willing to administer the highest shock level of 450 volts. The overwhelming consensus was that basically all the teachersubjects would refuse to obey the experimenter. The psychiatrists felt that “most subjects would not go beyond 150 volts” and only a small percentage of about one in 1,000 would give the highest shock of 450 volts.‎ What were the actual results? Well, over 60 per cent of the teachersubjects continued to obey Milgram up to the 450volt limit! In repetitions of the experiment in other countries, the percentage was even higher, reaching 85 per cent in one country. How can we possibly account for this result?‎ One might firstly argue that there must be some sort of builtin animal aggression instinct (本能) that was activated by the experiment. A modern sociobiologist might even go so far as to claim that this aggressive instinct was of survival value to our ancestors in their struggle against the hardships of life on the plains and in the caves, finally finding its way into our genetic makeup.‎ Another explanation is to see the teachersubjects' actions as a result of the social context in which the experiment was carried out. As Milgram himself pointed out, “Most subjects in the experiment see their behaviour in a larger context that is good and useful to society — the pursuit of scientific truth. The psychological laboratory has a strong claim to legitimacy (合法性) and gains trust and confidence in those who perform there. An action such as shocking a victim, which in isolation (单独看来) appears evil, acquires a completely different meaning when placed in this setting”．‎ Here we have two different explanations. The problem for us is to sort out which of these two polar explanations is more reasonable. This is the problem of modern sociobiology — to discover how hardwired genetic programming decides the interaction of animals and humans with their environment, that is, their behaviour. Put another way, sociobiology is concerned with explaining the biological basis of all behaviour.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了耶鲁大学的斯坦利·米尔格兰姆所做的行为主义心理学的实验。这项实验是为了测试实验对象在面对权威者下达违背良心的命令时，人性所能发挥的拒绝力量到底有多少。结果表明超过60%的实验对象会服从命令，其中的原因则与社会生物学的研究有关。‎ ‎10．Why did Milgram do the experiment?‎ A．To discover people's willingness for orders from leaders.‎ B．To display the power of punishment on ability to learn.‎ C．To test people's willingness to sacrifice for science.‎ D．To explore the biological basis of social behavior.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句和最后一段第三句可知，米尔格兰姆所做的行为主义心理学的实验是为了发现，在面对违背良心的命令时，有多少实验对象愿意执行。该实验也是为了探索一个社会生物学问题，即社会行为的生物学基础。故选项D符合题意。‎ ‎11．Which of the following is right about the experiment?‎ A．The actor's performance was vital to its success.‎ B．Its subjects were informed of its real purpose beforehand.‎ C．The electrical shock made the “pupil” give more wrong answers.‎ D．Its subjects were convinced of the effects of punishment on ability to learn.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句和第三段第一句可知，假扮的“学生”事实上是米尔格兰姆雇佣的演员，他并未真正受到电击，他通过发出叫喊声和尖叫声假装受到电击。他在实验中故意给出问题的错误答案，结果导致各种各样的电击惩罚。由此可见，演员的表现对于实验的成功至关重要。故选项A正确。‎ ‎12．What does the underlined phrase “balked at” most probably mean?‎ A．Commented on. B．Hesitated in.‎ C．Got rid of. D．Looked down upon.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Many of the teachersubjects balked at administering the higher levels of punishment, and turned to Milgram.”可知，很多扮演“教师”的实验对象向米尔格兰姆求助的原因是不愿执行更高等级的惩罚。故选项B符合题意。balk at sth.为固定短语，意为“不愿意，拒绝；畏缩，犹豫”。hesitate in意为“犹豫，踌躇”；comment on意为“就……发表评论”；get rid of意为“摆脱，去除”；look down upon意为“瞧不起，鄙视”。‎ ‎13．Before the experiment took place the psychiatrists ________.‎ A．believed that a shock of 150 volts was unbearable B．failed to agree on how the teachersubjects would respond to instructions C．underpredicted the teachersubjects' willingness to follow experimental procedure D．thought that many of the teachersubjects would administer a shock of 450 volts 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段的二、三句及第五段第二句可知，在实验进行之前，所有的精神病专家一致认为基本上所有扮演“教师”的实验对象都会拒绝服从实验者，只有大约千分之一的小部分人会接受最高等级的450伏的电击。实验的真实结果是，超过60%的扮演“教师”的实验对象会继续服从米尔格兰姆达到450伏的极限。由此可见，精神病专家们低估了扮演“教师”的实验对象服从命令的意愿。故选项C正确。‎ ‎14．Which of the following is mentioned as one possible factor that explains the teachersubjects' behaviour?‎ A．Economic factor. B．Biological factor.‎ C．Cultural factor. D．Historical factor.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第六段第一句可知，对于扮演“教师”的实验对象的行为可能的原因是，某种内在的动物攻击本能被实验激活了。显然，这属于生物学上的因素。故选项B符合题意。‎ ‎15．What's the author's purpose with this article?‎ A．To introduce a problem sociobiology deals with.‎ B．To explain a scientific phenomenon.‎ C．To report an experiment that focuses on education.‎ D．To argue against a scientific view.‎ 解析：选A　写作意图题。综合文章内容尤其是最后一段第二、三句可知，本文通过米尔格兰姆所做的行为主义心理学的实验来介绍与社会生物学的相关研究。故选项A符合题意。‎