【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修1Unit4Earthquakes单元学案（10页word版）

【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修1Unit4Earthquakes单元学案（10页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修1 Unit 4 Earthquakes单元学案 单元基础词汇语法知识过关复习 一、单句语法填空 ‎1．(2015年广东卷·语法填空)One day，the cow was eating grass ________ it began to rain heavily.‎ ‎2．(2015年广东卷·语法填空)Since the plants took a while to grow，he started cutting down trees ________ (sell) the wood.‎ ‎3．They saw by the light of the moon that part of the city lay in ________ (ruin)．‎ ‎4．By now paramedics has arrived, and are attending to the ________ (injure) woman.‎ ‎5．Works of art and priceless historical records ________ (destroy) last night.‎ ‎6．It saddened Mila to read about those ________ (trap) in the stadium without food or water for five days.‎ ‎7．________ (judge) from her mother's letter, she knew that the villagers were rebuilding their homes.‎ ‎8．My holiday is ________ an end and I must go back to work tomorrow.‎ ‎9．The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________ (be) rising steadily since 1990.‎ ‎10．The water rose so fast that it seemed as ________ it would cover the whole house.‎ 二、单句改错 ‎1．For me，the library as well as the courses explain Harvard's place as the home of devoted scholars.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2．With the college Entrance Examination drawing near, I felt increasing anxious.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3．Judged from what he said just now, he must be an honest man.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4．He was on the point of starting out while Harran cut in.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5．As China develops fast and steadily, a number of foreigners is learning Chinese as a second language.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎6．The little girl was so frightening that she burst out crying.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎7．It was far from Beijing, where was more than 400 kilometers away.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎8．(2017年新课标Ⅰ卷·短文改错)It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎9．(2017年新课标Ⅱ卷·短文改错)When summer comes, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎10．We went to see our teacher which husband lost his life in the earthquake.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 三、完形填空 Last year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother's house.__1__， I stayed with her for a month.During that time, I helped her out with the housework and contributed to the __2__.‎ After less than a week, I started to__3__ the groceries were running out pretty quickly.__4__， I began observing my mother's daily routine for two weeks.To my __5__， I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and __6__ every morning at about nine.She took the food to the slums (贫民窟) and distributed it to street __7__.‎ I asked around and __8__ my mom was popular in the area.The kids looked up to her as if she were their own mother.Then it hit me—why didn't she want to tell me about what she'd been doing? Was she __9__ that I would stop buying the groceries if I knew the truth?‎ When she got home, I told her about my discovery and __10__ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she didn't need to keep it a __11__ from me.She told me that __12__ of the children lived with an old lady in a shelter while others __13__ on the streets.For years, my ‎ mom has been helping out by __14__ them whatever food she could __15__.I was so moved by how __16__ she was.She used what was __17__ for her to help others in need.And I was so __18__ of her.‎ I __19__ to buy groceries for my mom.But now, I always add a(n) __20__ bag for her other children.‎ ‎1．A.However B．Moreover C．Therefore D．Otherwise ‎2．A.cans B．groceries C．goods D．bags ‎3．A.ignore B．understand C．complain D．notice ‎4．A.Confused B．Embarrassed C．Moved D．Annoyed ‎5．A.delight B．relief C．surprise D．regret ‎6．A.worked out B．headed out C．cleaned up D．got up ‎7．A.children B．strangers C．passersby D．artists ‎8．A.made sure B．let out C．pointed out D．found out ‎9．A.angry B．hopeless C．worried D．frightened ‎10．A.once B．before C．until D．after ‎11．A.secret B．surprise C．gift D．reminder ‎12．A.few B．all C．any D．some ‎13．A.lay B．ate C．slept D．played ‎14．A.giving B．collecting C．receiving D．selling ‎15．A.lend B．spare C．afford D．bring ‎16．A.curious B．ambitious C．faithful D．selfless ‎17．A.meant B．cooked C．borrowed D．sold ‎18．A.tired B．fond C．scared D．proud ‎19．A.refuse B．long C．continue D．agree ‎20．A.large B．extra C．beautiful D．empty 四、语法填空 ‎ When Jack was a small boy, he was once asked to give a speech about “A Big Challenge in My Life”．To talk before the whole class, he was 1.________ (terrible) shy the moment he thought of so many eyes 2.________ (stare) at him.He had no other 3.________ (choose), though.First Jack was to draft the speech, which was just a piece of cake for him because he was a good writer.But the hard part 4.________ (lie) in his oral presentation, for it was not allowed to read from the paper.He had to give the speech 5.________ his memory and in front of such a big audience!‎ A real trial began when Jack stood on the platform with his legs trembling and his mind blank.He didn't know how much time had passed by.His listeners were still waiting patiently and without any signs of laughing.Gradually he found himself back, 6.________ (give) out his speech without much difficulty.After what seemed to be a hundred years, he found the audience applauding.He made 7.________！ From then on, his fear of talking before the audience disappeared.Actually with his confidence 8.________ (build) up, Jack now turns out to be a great speaker.As we know, the greater difficulty we meet on our way to 9.________ (succeed), the 10.________ likely we will achieve our goals.‎ 五、阅读理解 At your next meeting, wait for a pause in conversation and try to measure how long it lasts.‎ Among English speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at most.But while this pattern may be universal, our awareness of silence differs dramatically across cultures.What one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as valuable moment of reflection and a sign of respect for what the last speaker has said.Research in Dutch (荷兰语) and also in English found that when silence in conversation stretches to four seconds, people start to feel uneasy.In contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that Japanese people are happy with silence of 8.2 seconds—nearly twice as long as in American meetings.‎ In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is when you don't speak at all.It's already a failure to understand each other by ‎ speaking because you're repairing that failure by using words.‎ In the U．S., it may originate from the history of colonial (殖民地的) America as a crossroads of many different races.When you have a couple of difference, it's hard to establish common understanding unless you talk and there's understandably a kind of anxiety unless people are verbally engaged to establish a common life.This applies also to some extent to London.‎ In contrast, when there's more homogeneity, perhaps it's easier for some kinds of silence to appear.For example, among your closest friends and family it's easier to sit in silence than with people you're less well acquainted with.‎ ‎1．Which of the following people might have the longest silence in conversation?‎ A．The Dutch. B．Americans.‎ C．The English. D．The Japanese.‎ ‎2．What might the Japanese agree with in conversation?‎ A．Speaking more gives the upper hand.‎ B．Speak out what you have in your mind.‎ C．Great minds think alike without words.‎ D．The shorter talking silence, the better.‎ ‎3．What can we learn from the text?‎ A．A foursecond silence in conversation is universal.‎ B．It's hard for Americans to reach a common agreement.‎ C．English speakers are more talkative than Japanese speakers.‎ D．The closer we and our family are, the easier the silence appears.‎ ‎4．What does the underlined word “homogeneity” in the last paragraph mean?‎ A．Similarity. B．Contradiction.‎ C．Diversity. D．Misunderstanding.‎ 单元专题解题指导 所给词为形容词或副词的做题技巧(语法填空)‎ 方法指导 在语法填空中,如果提示词为形容词或副词,可从以下两个维度着手突破:‎ ‎1)考查形容词与副词或名词的转换,此时主要根据句子成分和词性的相互修饰关系确定。比如,如果修饰动词、形容词或副词需用副词形式;如果在句中作主语或宾语需用名词形式。‎ ‎2)考查形容词或副词的比较等级。根据上下文或标志词确定使用比较级还是最高级。如见到than要考虑使用形容词或副词的比较级。‎ 典例引领 (2017课标全国Ⅲ)‎ ‎　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎　　She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 　1　(rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as 　2　 model in New York. ‎ Sarah 　3　(tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 　4　has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 　5　(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 　6　(educate). ‎ She has turned down several 　7　(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 　8　 engineering or architecture. ‎ Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 　9　(come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 　10　(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’t model any more.”‎ 方法运用 ‎[语篇解读]　本文为记叙文。Sarah现在是一名在校生,她还是一名兼职模特。她的父亲建议她放弃学业做一名专职模特,但她却做出了不同的选择。‎ ‎1.resting　考查非谓语动词。固定结构spend some time(in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。‎ ‎2.a　考查冠词。句意:相反,她现在在纽约作为一名模特每天挣6,500英镑。model为可数名词,此处表示泛指,故填冠词a。‎ ‎3.has been told/was told　考查时态和语态。句意:Sarah被告知她可以成为英国的一名超模新星,第二年就可以有一百万美元的收入。根据语境可知Sarah与tell之间为被动关系,故用被动语态。此处既可以用一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作,也可以用现在完成时态,表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。‎ ‎4.who　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Sarah,故填关系代词who。‎ ‎5.to prove　考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.想要做某事。‎ ‎6.education　考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词后面跟名词,故填education。‎ ‎7.invitations　考查名词复数。根据several可知,此处应该填复数形式。‎ ‎8.in　考查介词。a degree in...指“某专业的学位”,专业前用介词in。‎ ‎9.comes　考查动词时态。由上下文语境以及时间状语at the moment可知,此处应该为一般现在时态,主语为第三人称单数,故填comes。‎ ‎10.certainly　考查副词。设空处在句中作状语修饰形容词fun,故填副词。‎ 能力检测答案 一、1.when　2.to sell　3.ruins　4.injured ‎5．were destroyed　6.trapped　7.Judging　8.at ‎9．has been　10.if 二、1.explain→explains　2.increasing→increasingly ‎3．Judged→Judging　4.while→when　5.is→are ‎6．frightening→frightened　7.where→which ‎8．suddenly→sudden　9.students后加to ‎10．which→whose 三、本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了“我”利用工作便利和妈妈待了一段时间，在此期间“我”发现了她的秘密——她一直尽力帮助一些需要帮助的人。感动之余，“我”也开始和她一起继续这一善举。‎ ‎1．C　根据上句可知，由于“我”在妈妈家附近上班，因此和她待了一个月。故选C。‎ ‎2．B　根据第二段第一句中的“I started to__3__ the groceries were running out pretty quickly”可知，此处指的是“我”帮助妈妈做家务并增添了一些日用品。故选B。‎ ‎3．D　根据下文“I began observing my mother's daily routine for two weeks”可知，“我”注意到了日用品用得很快。故选D。‎ ‎4．A　根据语境可知，“我”注意到了日用品用得很快，但不明白是怎么回事，于是“我”很困惑，开始观察妈妈的日常活动。confused困惑的，符合语境。‎ ‎5．C　根据语境可知，让“我”惊奇的是，她每天在纸袋里装满罐装食物。surprise惊奇，符合语境。‎ ‎6．B　work out解决，算出；head out朝……行进；clean up清理；get ‎ up起床。由语境可知，她每天在纸袋里装满罐装食物，大概早晨九点就出门了。故选B。‎ ‎7．A　根据下文“The kids looked up to her...”可知，她把那些食物分给了孩子们。故选A。‎ ‎8．D　make sure确保；let out放出，泄露；point out指出；find out发现，查明。根据语境可知，“我”在周围打听，发现妈妈在这里很受欢迎。故选D。‎ ‎9．C　根据上文可知，妈妈的行踪对“我”是保密的，因此可推测，她担心“我”知道真相后会停止买日用品。worried担忧的，符合语境。‎ ‎10．B　根据语境可知，“我”告诉了她“我”的发现，还没等她反应过来“我”就给了她一个大大的拥抱。before在……之前，符合语境。‎ ‎11．A　根据上文语境可知，妈妈一直没告诉“我”这件事，所以“我”告诉她不必对“我”隐瞒此事。故选A。‎ ‎12．D　根据句中“while others __13__ on the streets”可知，一些孩子和一位老妇人住在避难所里，然而其他孩子睡在街上。故选D。‎ ‎13．C　根据本句中的“lived with an old lady in a shelter”可推知，另外一些孩子睡在街上。故选C。‎ ‎14．A　根据第二段最后一句“She took the food to the slums and distributed it...”可知，这些年来妈妈一直通过给他们食物来帮助他们。故选A。‎ ‎15．B　根据上文语境可知，妈妈尽量将食物节省下来，尽其所能给他们提供帮助。故选B。‎ ‎16．D　curious好奇的；ambitious有雄心的；faithful忠实的；selfless无私的。根据上文可知，“我”因妈妈的无私而感动。故选D。‎ ‎17．A　根据上文语境可知，妈妈用本来为自己准备的东西去帮助那些需要帮助的人。be meant for为……而准备。故选A。‎ ‎18．D　根据语境可知，“我”为妈妈的举动感到自豪。be proud of为……而自豪，故选D。‎ ‎19．C　根据下句可知，“我”继续给妈妈买日用品。故选C。‎ ‎20．B　根据“for her other children”可知，现在“我”总是额外给她的其他孩子们再买一包日用品。故选B。‎ 四、本文是一篇记叙文。杰克小时候非常害羞，不敢在公开场合演讲。一次题为“人生中的一次大挑战”的演讲经历，帮助他战胜了胆怯，赢得了自信，并使他最终成为一名优秀的演说家。‎ ‎1．terribly　terrible在句中用来修饰形容词shy，需用其副词形式。故填terribly。‎ ‎2．staring　stare在句中做eyes的后置定语，且与其逻辑主语eyes之间为主动关系。故填staring。‎ ‎3．choice　根据“no other＋名词单数”结构可知，应填choice。‎ ‎4．lay　lie在句中做谓语，意为“在于”，又由语境可知时态应用一般过去时。故填lay。‎ ‎5．from　根据上文“for it was not allowed to read from the paper”可知，演讲的时候不允许照着稿子念，所以本句意为“他不得不在这么多听众面前凭借记忆来演讲”。由上句中“from the paper”可知填from。‎ ‎6．giving　give所在部分在句中做状语，与句子主语he之间是主动关系，并与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。故填giving。‎ ‎7．it　根据上句“he found the audience applauding”可知，本句意为“他成功了”。make it是固定习语，意为“获得成功”。故填it。‎ ‎8．built　本句考查“with＋宾语＋补语”结构。因为本结构中宾语“confidence”与其补语之间是被动关系，并且补语动作已经发生，故填built。‎ ‎9．success　在固定短语“on one's way to”中“to”为介词，所以此处填success。‎ ‎10．more　本句使用了“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”的结构，意为“越……，越……”，故填more，构成likely的比较级。‎ 五、本文是一篇说明文。沉默在不同的文化中有不同的意义。‎ ‎1．D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Research in Dutch (荷兰语) and also in English found that when silence in conversation stretches to four seconds” 和“Japanese people are happy with silence of 8.2 seconds—nearly twice as long as in American meetings.”可知，日本人交谈间隙时间达到8.2秒，是四种人当中最长的。‎ ‎2．C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“In Japan, it is recognized that the best communication is when you don't speak at all.”可如，日本人认为心有灵犀一点通。‎ ‎3．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的举例可知，朋友之间家庭成员之间越亲密越容易出现心有灵犀的默契，也就是说越容易出现这种不需语言的沉默现象。‎ ‎4．A　词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“In contrast”可知本段内容与上一段内容相反，而上段主要讲述不同文化背景的人在交流的时候更加依赖语言。再根据最后一段中的“closest friends and family”可知，画线词应意为“相似性”。‎