2020届人教版高考英语一轮复习必修二学案：Unit1Culturalrelics

2020届人教版高考英语一轮复习必修二学案：Unit1Culturalrelics

‎(一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．dynasty n．　　　　　　　　 朝代；王朝 ‎2．dragon n. 龙 ‎3．jewel n. 珠宝；宝石 ‎4．troop n. 群；组；军队 ‎5．wooden adj. 木制的 ‎6．mystery n. 神秘；神秘的事物 ‎7．castle n. 城堡 ‎8．trial n. 审判；审讯；试验 ‎9．eyewitness n. 目击者；证人 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．design n. 设计；图案；构思 vt. 设计；计划；构思 ‎2．fancy adj. 奇特的；异样的 vt. 想象；设想；爱好 ‎3．style n. 风格；风度；类型 ‎ ‎4．artist n. 艺术家 ‎5．belong vi. 属于；为……的一员 ‎6．remove vt. 移动；搬开；去除 ‎7．former adj. 以前的；从前的 ‎8．worth prep. 值得的；相当于……的价值 n. 价值；作用 adj. [古]值钱的 ‎9．local adj. 本地的；当地的 ‎10．apart adv. 分离地；分别地 ‎11．painting n. 绘画；画 ‎12．explode vi. 爆炸 ‎13．entrance n. 入口 ‎14．sink vi. 下沉；沉下 ‎15．debate n．&vi.[纵联1] 争论；辩论 ‎16．cultural adj. 文化的 ‎17．rare adj. 稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．valuable adj.贵重的；有价值的→value n．价值；重要性v.评价；重视 ‎2．select vt.挑选；选择→selection n．选择；挑选；选拔[纵联2]‎ ‎3．amaze vt.使吃惊；惊讶→amazing adj.令人吃惊的→amazed adj.感到吃惊的→amazement n．惊奇[纵联3]‎ ‎4．evidence n．根据；证据→evident adj.明显的；明白的[纵联4]‎ ‎5．decorate v．装饰；装修→decoration n．装饰；装饰品 ‎6．reception n．接待；招待会；接收→receive vt.接待；接收→receptionist n．接待员；招待员 ‎7．doubt n．怀疑；疑惑vt.怀疑；不信→doubtful adj.感到怀疑的；不确定的→undoubtedly adv.确实地；毋庸置疑地 ‎8．survive vi.幸免；幸存；生还→survival n．幸存→survivor n．幸存者[纵联5]‎ ‎9．informal adj.非正式的→formal adj.正式的 纵联1.“争论”容易伤和气 ‎①debate vi.& n．辩论；争论 　 ②argue v．争论 ‎③discuss v．讨论 ④quarrel v．& n．争吵 ‎⑤dispute v．& n．争论 纵联2.“选择”你喜欢的 ‎①select vt.挑选；选择 ②choose vt.选择 ‎③elect vt.选举 ④pick out挑选出；辨认出 纵联3.分词形式的形容词 ‎①amaze→amazing→amazed ‎②inspire→inspiring→inspired ‎③excite→exciting→excited ‎④interest→interesting→interested ‎⑤puzzle→puzzling→puzzled 纵联4.以ence结尾的名词集锦 ‎①evident→evidence 根据；证据 ‎②consequent→consequence 结果 ‎③convenient→convenience 便利；方便 ‎④absent→absence 缺乏；缺席 ‎⑤competent→competence 能力；胜任 纵联5.含后缀al的名词荟萃 ‎①survive→survival 幸存 ‎②arrive→arrival 到达 ‎③refuse→refusal 拒绝 ‎④approve→approval 批准；同意 单元话题——文化遗产 子话题1　物质文化遗产 ‎①sculpture n. 雕塑；雕刻；雕像 ‎②statue n. 塑像；雕像 ‎③construct vt. 建设；建筑 ‎④remains n. 遗迹 ‎⑤splendid adj. 辉煌的；壮丽的 ‎⑥gallery n. 画廊；美术馆 ‎⑦exhibition n. 展览；展览会 ‎⑧historical adj. 与历史有关的；史学的 子话题2　非物质文化遗产 ‎①myth n. 神话 ‎②legend n. 传说；传奇故事 ‎③origin n. 起源；由来 ‎④masterpiece n. 杰作 ‎⑤Beijing opera 京剧 ‎⑥papercutting n. 剪纸 ‎⑦folk arts 民间艺术 ‎⑧nonmaterial cultural heritage 非物质文化遗产 ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2016·北京高考阅读C)So condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes❶ lead from the blood over several days.This work is starting to pay off.The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.‎ Rideout’s team thinks that the California condors’ average survival❷ time in the wild is now just under eight years.“Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now，” he says.‎ ‎①写出remove在句中的含义：去除； remove这个单词是来源于加了前缀re，这一类的单词还有rebuild, rewrite, retell ‎②写出加黑词在本单元的同根动词：_survive ‎2．(2014·陕西高考完形)It was Mother’s Day and I was shopping at the local❶ supermarket with my fiveyearold son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we realized that only minutes earlier an elderly woman had fallen over at the 　❷　 (enter) and hit her head on the ground. Her husband was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock. Fortunately, a lot of people stopped to help out.‎ ‎①加彩词在句中作形容词，意为：当地的；它还可用作名词，意为：当地人 ‎②用enter的适当形式填空：entrance;_enter表示“进入，走进”时，是及物动词，无需加介词 ‎3．(2014·北京高考完形)I was surprised❶ and thought that she could do something in the coming talent show.So, I took her to see the art teacher, Miss Parker, and showed her what Suzy had drawn.“Why, it’s wonderful，”said Miss Parker, who then showed us a poster she had painted❷ for the talent show.“I need more of these, but I just don’t have enough time.Could you help me, Suzy？”‎ ‎①写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：_amazed ‎②写出paint在本单元的同根名词：_painting 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·6月浙江高考写作)我被选中代表我们学校参加英语辩论比赛，因为我精通英语口语。(select, debate)‎ I’m_selected_to_represent_our_school_to_take_part_in_the_English_debate_competition_because_I_have_a_good_command_of_spoken_English.‎ ‎2. (2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)既然你对中国传统绘画感兴趣，我认为这个中国剪纸展很值得体验。(painting, worth)‎ Since_you_are_interested_in_traditional_Chinese_paintings,_I_think_the_Chinese_papercutting_exhibition_is_well_worth_experiencing.‎ ‎ (二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．survive vi.幸免；幸存；生还 vt.比……活得长；(经过……)活(保存)下来 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)survive sth. 　 　 　 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活下来 survive on 依靠……生存下来 A survive B (by ...) A比B活得长(……)‎ ‎(2)survivor n. 幸存者；生还者 survival n. [U]幸存；[C]残存物 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①How does the family survive on such a small monthly wage?‎ ‎②As far as I know, the old lady survived her husband by 5 years.‎ ‎③If he couldn’t find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of survival (survive)．‎ 单句改错 ‎④Of all the museum’s paintings, only one survived in the fire.去掉in ‎[用准]　survive 表示“幸免于难”时，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词in或from。‎ ‎[写美]　句式升级 ‎⑤(2016·10月浙江高考写作)After she had survived that night, she was confident that everything else would be all right.‎ ‎→Having_survived_that_night,_she was confident that everything else would be all right.(分词作状语)‎ ‎2．design n．设计；图案；构思vt.设计；计划；构思 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)design sb. to do sth.　　 打算让某人从事某事 be designed for/to do sth. 旨在……；打算被用来做某事 ‎(2)by design 故意地；蓄意地 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①(2018·北京高考)The Center offers programs designed to_challenge (challenge) and inspire with handson tasks and lots of fun.‎ ‎②The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.‎ ‎③Do you think the traffic accident was caused by accident or by design?‎ 句式升级 ‎④The project, which was designed to help the students in need, didn’t work out as planned.‎ ‎→The project, designed_to_help_the_students_in_need,_didn’t work out as planned.(分词作后置定语)‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑤我们或许可以专门设计一门课程以满足你的特殊需求。‎ We may be able to design_a_course_to_suit_your_particular_needs.‎ ‎[联想]　 表示“故意与偶然”的词语小结：‎ 故意地 ‎①by design　②on purpose　③deliberately 偶然地 ‎①by chance　②by accident　③accidentally ‎3．remove vt.& vi.移动；搬开；去除；拿开；开除；免职；脱去(衣物)；摘掉；搬迁 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中remove的含义 ‎①He removed his hand from her shoulder.拿开 ‎②The company has removed the manager from his post due to his poor performance.开除；免职 ‎③Our office has been removed to Shanghai from Beijing.搬迁 ‎④(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze.去除 ‎⑤He removed his hat and gloves.摘掉 ‎[记牢]‎ remove ... from ...　　　　 把……从……移开/撤掉 remove sb. from one’s post 撤职；开除某人 remove sb. from school 开除某人；勒令某人退学 remove one’s doubt 消除某人的疑虑 ‎[练通]　 句式升级 ‎⑥What you said has completely removed my doubts.‎ ‎→What you said has_had_my_doubts_removed completely.(用have＋宾语＋宾补结构)‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑦在涉及健康、娱乐和文化的三个栏目中，我的建议是娱乐栏目应该从报纸上去掉。‎ Of the three columns concerning health, entertainment and culture, my suggestion is that the column of entertainment (should)_be_removed_from_the_newspaper.‎ ‎4．worth prep.值得的；相当于……的价值n.价值；作用adj.[古]值钱的 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be (well) worth doing　　　　 　 ……(非常)值得做 be worth＋n. 值得……；值……‎ ‎(2)worthy adj. 值得的 be worthy＋ ‎(3)worthwhile adj.值得花时间/金钱/精力的 It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 值得做某事 ‎[练通]‎ 单句改错 ‎①I think Mount Tai is a true natural wonder and very worth a visit.very→well ‎②Even though you disagree with her, she’s still worth listen to.listen→listening 一句多译 这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。‎ ‎③The reference book is_worth_buying,_because it is a great help for your study.(worth)‎ ‎④The reference book is_worthy_to_be_bought/of_being_bought,_because it is a great help for your study.(worthy)‎ ‎⑤It_is_worthwhile_buying/to_buy the reference book, because it is a great help for your study.(worthwhile)‎ ‎[用准]　worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词well修饰；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎⑥(2015·浙江高考书面表达)好的意见是值得坚持的，因为它们可以使我们所有人受益。‎ Good_opinions_are_worth_sticking_to_because_they_can_benefit_us_all.‎ ‎[词汇过关综合训练]　 ‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Having lost his job, he began to interest himself in local (当地的) voluntary work.‎ ‎2．I arrived at the classroom with paper cards designed (设计) in the shape of maple leaves.‎ ‎3．Please remove (拿开) your bag from the seat so that I can sit down.‎ ‎4．I’ll be waiting for you at the entrance (入口) to Guangzhou station.‎ ‎5．We went to the restaurant to have lunch, only to find that it was being decorated (装饰)．‎ ‎6．Some firefighters put out the fire before the car exploded (爆炸)．‎ ‎7．The frequent natural disasters have brought the people in the area more than D|S4 million worth (价值) of damage.‎ ‎8．At the moment we are debating (争论) what furniture to buy for the house.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．—What do you think of the book?‎ ‎—Oh, excellent. It is worth reading (read) a second time.‎ ‎2．Their most valuable (value) belongings were locked in a safe in the bedroom.‎ ‎3．There were so many people at the entrance (enter) to the park waiting to buy tickets.‎ ‎4．Some drivers like to draw some special patterns as decorations (decorate) on their cars.‎ ‎5．They have made amazing (amaze) achievements in the past few years, shocking many people.‎ ‎6．He had the dirt removed (remove) from his shoes before coming into the room.‎ ‎7．On arrival at the ancient village, you can find many cultural (culture) relics.‎ ‎8．The man went into the room and selected (select) the best suit for me.‎ ‎9．There is clear_evidence (evident) that children who take music lessons develop a better memory compared with children who have no musical training.‎ ‎10．A team of medical workers were sent to tend to the_survivors (survive) of the earthquake.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．I was amazing to hear that Chris had won the first prize.amazing→amazed ‎2．With the environment becoming better, many rarely birds are returning to this area.rarely→rare ‎3．There is convincing evidence which outdoor activities are good for us.which→that ‎4．His car fell into the deep valley; luckily, he survived from the accident.去掉from ‎5．To my great surprise, the entrance for the mine was closed.for→to Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子/一句多译 ‎1．她刚好在我们正要离开时到达，但我不能肯定这是出于偶然还是有意安排。(design)‎ She arrived just as we were leaving, but I’m not sure whether_this_was_by_accident_or_by_design.‎ ‎2．据报道科学家对这种植物是如何经受住这么干燥的气候的仍感到不解。(survive)‎ It’s reported that how this kind of plant survives_such_dry_climate still puzzles scientists. ‎ ‎3．他在会议上提出的建议值得考虑。‎ ‎①His suggestion put forward at the conference is_worth_considering. (worth)‎ ‎②His suggestion put forward at the conference is_worthy_of_being_considered. (worthy)‎ ‎③His suggestion put forward at the conference is_worthy_to_be_considered. (worthy)‎ ‎④It_is_worthwhile_considering/to_consider his suggestion put forward at the conference. (worthwhile)‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎1．in_search_of [串记1]　　　　 寻找 ‎2．belong_to 属于 ‎3．in_return 　[串记2] 作为报答；回报 ‎4．serve_as 充当；起作用 ‎5．at_war_ 　　[串记3] 处于交战状态 ‎6．less_than 少于 ‎7．take_apart 拆开 ‎8．think_highly_of 看重；器重 ‎9．look_into_ 调查 ‎10．rather_than 而不是 ‎11．add_..._to_... 把……加到……上 ‎12．develope_an_interest_in 培养对……的兴趣 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.“in＋n.＋of”短语集合 ‎①in search of寻找 ②in memory of为了纪念 ‎③in favor of支持；赞同 ④in honour of为了纪念 ‎⑤in terms of就……而言 ⑥in place of代替；取代 串记2.“in＋n.”短语小结 ‎ ‎①in return作为报答；回报 ②in turn依次；反过来 ‎③in surprise吃惊地 ④in need缺乏；急需 ‎⑤in time及时；迟早 ⑥in order整齐；按顺序 串记3.“at＋n.”短语荟萃 ‎ ‎①at war处于交战状态 ②at school在求学 ‎③at play在玩耍 ④at sea在大海上；在航行 ‎⑤at work在工作 ⑥at peace处于和平时期 ‎1．such an amazing history　　　　 这样一段令人惊讶的历史 ‎2．one of the_wonders of the world 世界上的奇迹之一 ‎3._in less than two days 在不到两天的时间里 ‎4．remain a mystery 仍然是一个谜 ‎5．anything that can be proved 任何可以被证实的事 ‎6．agree with this opinion 同意这种看法 ‎7．give true information 提供真实的信息 ‎8．by the light of 借助于……的光线 ‎1．Frederick William Ⅰ， the King of Prussia, could_never_have_imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.‎ 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。‎ ‎2．There_is_no_doubt_that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.‎ 毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海边的一个城市。‎ ‎3．For example, it_can_be_proved_that China has more people than any other country in the world.‎ 举例来说，中国人口比世界上其他任何国家的人口都多这是可以得到证实的。‎ ‎4．In a trial, a judge must decide which_eyewitnesses_to_believe and which not to believe.‎ 在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信，哪些证人不能相信。‎ ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　完形中的短语(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ完形填空)Axani wrote in his post that he is not looking for anything in_return (作为回报) and that the woman who uses the extra ticket can choose to either travel with him or take the ticket and travel on her own.‎ ‎2．(2015·福建高考完形填空)It wasn’t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became aware of her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather_than (而不是) to judge everything so harshly (刻薄)．‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式 ‎(翻译句子/词汇升级)‎ ‎1. (2014·重庆高考写作)‎ 是我们用在礼物上的时间和精力而不是我们花了多少钱使得礼物有价值。(rather than)‎ It_is_the_time_and_energy_we_spend_on_the_present_that_makes_it_valuable_rather_than_the_price_we_pay.‎ ‎2．(2018·6月浙江高考写作)毫无疑问，我与外国人交流几乎没有什么困难。(there is no doubt that)‎ There_is_no_doubt_that_I_have_little_difficulty_communicating_with_foreigners._‎ ‎3. (2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)据认为这部短片不仅有意义而且有趣。(It be＋过去分词＋that ...)‎ It_is_believed_that_the_short_movie_will_be_not_only_meaningful_but_also_interesting._‎ ‎4．(2016·北京高考书面表达)The residents give praise to (＝think_highly_of) what we have done.(用本单元短语替换加彩部分) ‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1．in search of寻找；搜寻；寻求 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)in one’s search for　　　　 寻找 ‎(2)search sth./sb. 搜查某物/搜身 search for＝look for 寻找 search ...for ... 为找到……而搜查……‎ ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I searched the whole room for the lost key, but in vain.‎ ‎②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I was searching for these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.‎ ‎③Twenty soldiers were sent to the mountain in search of the trapped climber.‎ 一句多译 救援人员徒手移开砖块和石头，搜寻地震中的幸存者。‎ ‎④The rescue workers removed the bricks and stones with bare hands in_search_of/in_their_search_for any survivor in the earthquake. (search n．)‎ ‎⑤The rescue workers removed the bricks and stones with bare hands to_search_for any survivor in the earthquake. (search v．)‎ ‎[用准]　search前有the, a或one’s等限定词时，介词常用for; in search of结构中search前不带任何限定词。search作动词用时，search的宾语是指搜查的范围，可以是人、物或地点；表示搜寻具体的人或物时，要加介词for。‎ ‎[写美]　 补全句子 ‎⑥当我意识到我的钢笔不见了，我几乎要发疯了。我仔细地搜查了操场，甚至通往我家的路。‎ I almost felt crazy when I realized that my pen was missing. I searched_the_playground_carefully_and_even_the_road_leading_to_my_home.‎ ‎2．belong to属于；为……的一员 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)belong to 表示“是……的财产；是……的组成部分；是……的成员(属于)”，不能用于进行时态和被动语态。‎ ‎(2)belong 还可用于除to以外的其他介词或副词前面，如in, on, among, under, with等，表示“某人/某物处在适当的位置；在这个地方正合适/有用”。‎ ‎(3)belongings n．　　财产；所有物；相关事物 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①In my opinion, you’d better put the book where/to_which it belongs.‎ ‎②Having sold most of his belongings (belong), he almost had nothing left in the house.‎ ‎③Since those are two different tasks, they belong in two different files.‎ 句型转换 ‎④A tiger is a large fierce animal which/that belongs to the cat family.‎ ‎→A tiger is a large fierce animal_belonging_to the cat family.‎ ‎[用准]　belong to中to为介词，后接名词或代词宾格，不接名词性物主代词(如mine, yours, his, hers等)。作后置定语时常用现在分词形式。‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎⑤作为一名理科学生，我一直在复习语文、数学、英语、物理、化学和生物，这些都属于高考科目。‎ As a science student, I’ve been reviewing Chinese, math, English, physics, chemistry and biology, which_all_belong_to_the_College_Entrance_Examination_subjects.‎ ‎3．in return作为报答；回报 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)in return for ... 作为……的交换；作为对……的报答 on one’s return　　　　　 某人一回来 ‎(2)return sth. to sb.＝return sb. sth. 归还某人某物 return to ... 回到……‎ ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①In return for your help, I invite you to spend the weekend with my family. ‎ ‎②(2017·天津高考)We offer an excellent education to our students. In return, we expect students to work hard.‎ ‎[写美]　补全句子 ‎③(2015·四川高考书面表达)你提到作为回报你想教我英语，这正是我所渴望的。‎ You_mentioned_that_you_would_like_to_teach_me_English_in_return,_which is exactly what I am dying for.‎ ‎[联想]　试根据汉语提示写出下列“in＋n.”结构的短语：‎ ‎①in case以防万一　　　　 ②in advance事先；提前 ‎③in danger处于危险中 ④in place在正确位置 ‎⑤in reality/fact事实上 ⑥in short/brief总而言之 ‎[句式集释]‎ ‎1．there is no doubt that ...毫无疑问……‎ ‎[教材原句]　There_is_no_doubt_that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)There_is_no_doubt_that education is a problem we should attach more importance to.‎ 毫无疑问，教育是一个我们应该多加重视的问题。‎ ‎(2)There is some doubt whether he can win the first prize.‎ 他是否能赢得一等奖还有些疑问。‎ ‎(3)I don’t doubt that the plan is practical, but I doubt whether/if_he will stick to the plan until it’s finished.‎ 我确信这个计划很实用，但是我怀疑是否他会坚持到计划被完成。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)there is no doubt that ...“毫无疑问……”， that之后的从句为同位语从句，说明doubt的内容。‎ ‎(2)there is some doubt whether ...不确定；仍有疑问 ‎(3)don’t doubt that ...确信……；不怀疑……‎ ‎(4)doubt if/whether ...怀疑是否……‎ 注意事项 ‎(1)doubt用作名词时，在肯定句中接whether(不可用if)引导的同位语从句；在否定句中用that引导同位语从句。‎ ‎(2)当doubt用作动词时，在肯定句中接whether或if引导的宾语从句；在否定句、疑问句中后跟that引导的宾语从句。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)There is no doubt that pingpong is regarded as the National Ball Sport of China.(开头句)‎ ‎(2)Without doubt, when you doubt if/whether it is right, you are learning.(要点句)‎ ‎2．特殊疑问词＋to do ‎[教材原句]　In a trial, a judge must decide which_eyewitnesses_to_believe and which not to believe.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)When_and_where_to_hold_the_meeting remains to be discussed further.何时何地举行会议有待于进一步讨论。‎ ‎(2)They always told me what_to_do_and_how_to_do_it.‎ 他们总是告诉我该做什么以及怎么做。‎ ‎(3)The boy is too young to know what to do in trouble.‎ ‎→The boy is too young to know what_he_should_do in trouble.‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，疑问词包括疑问代词(who, what, which)和疑问副词(when, where, how)。‎ ‎(2) “特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构可转换为从句。‎ 注意事项 ‎(1)在“疑问代词＋不定式”结构中，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。‎ ‎(2)按英语习惯，疑问词why后面通常不接不定式。但在以why或why not 开头的省略疑问句中，其后可跟不带to 的不定式。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2018·北京高考书面表达)With their interest greatly sparked, I then began to teach them how to make tea.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)(2018·天津高考书面表达)I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on how to improve our robots.(总结句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　 ‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 in return， at war， look into， in search of， take apart， less than， belong to， think highly of， serve as， rather than ‎1．The country has been at_war with its neighbors for more than two years. Everyone in the country is really anxious for peace.‎ ‎2．We learn both how to love and how to be loved in_return.‎ ‎3．Tired as they are, the rescuers are still_in_search_of the missing people in the flash floods.‎ ‎4. The police are busy_looking_into_the cause of the traffic accident.‎ ‎5. This is a small house less_than 30 square meters, but a large family of three generations lives in it.‎ ‎6．It’s easy to take_apart_this imported camera, while putting the pieces together is quite difficult, so you must keep the directions well.‎ ‎7．He is considering selling the old house that belongs_to his grandparents and using the money to start a business of his own.‎ ‎8．We all think_highly_of our English teacher. His humor always makes our class lively and interesting.‎ ‎9．Managers wrote workbooks that serve_as guides to how to make willpower a habit in workers’ lives.‎ ‎10．Last but not least, it is the inner beauty_rather_than our appearance that makes us respectable.‎ Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．毫无疑问，我们会选出最优秀的运动员来参加即将到来的奥运会。(doubt)‎ There_is_no_doubt_that we will select the best players to take part in the coming Olympic Games. ‎ ‎2．决定去哪里度假后，我们就忙于准备工作。(特殊疑问词＋不定式)‎ Having decided_where_to_go_on_holiday,_we are busy in preparing. ‎ ‎3．我们知道不可能是他付了这笔钱，因为他没钱。 (couldn’t have done)‎ We knew he couldn’t_have_paid_for_it,_because he had no money.‎ ‎4．人们普遍认为中国将肯定会在世界上发挥越来越重要的作用。(It be＋过去分词＋that)‎ It_is_widely_believed_that China will certainly play a more and more important part in the world.‎ Ⅲ. 分步写作 假定你是李华，你负责接待一个要参观故宫的美国中学生代表团。请你根据以下要点写一篇发言稿，以备参观之前向代表团宣读：‎ ‎1．表示对客人的欢迎；‎ ‎2．故宫简介：故宫是从明朝中期到清朝末期的中国帝王宫殿。它坐落于北京市中心，占地72万多平方米，于1987年被列为世界文化遗址之一；‎ ‎3．表达对客人的祝愿。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ‎ 参考词汇： 帝王的imperial　遗产heritage 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 ‎1．审题：①文体：发言稿　②人称：主要是第一、二人称 ‎③时态：主要是一般过去时和一般将来时 ‎2．拟点：通过审题，根据题目和写作要求，可以从以下三个方面来写作。‎ ‎①开头：介绍成为导游的心情并对客人表示欢迎。‎ ‎②主体：具体介绍故宫。(位置；面积；重要地位)‎ ‎③结尾：表达对客人的祝愿。(祝愿客人更好地了解中国文化，玩得开心)‎ 要点1：今天有机会成为你们的导游我感到很荣幸。欢迎来到故宫！‎ I_feel_honored_that_I_have_the_chance_to_act_as_your_tour_guide_today._Welcome_to_the_Forbidden_City!‎ 要点2－①：故宫位于北京市中心。它是中国从明朝中期到清朝末期的中国帝王宫殿。‎ The_Forbidden_City_is_located_in_the_center_of_Beijing._It_was_the_Chinese_imperial_palace_from_the_midMing_Dynasty_to_the_end_of_the_Qing_Dynasty.‎ 要点2－②：故宫占地72万多平方米。它于1987年被列为世界文化遗址之一。 ‎ The_Forbidden_City_covers_over_720,000_square_metres._It_was_listed_as_one_of_the_World_Heritage_Sites_in_1987.‎ 要点3－①：你们会更好地了解中国文化。‎ You_will_understand_Chinese_culture_better.‎ 要点3－②：你们会在这里玩得很开心。‎ You’ll_have_a_good_time_here.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行适度拓展。注意句式要灵活多变，可补充定语、状语或更换高级句式，让要点在内容上和形式上更丰满。例如：‎ ‎1．要点2－①可以用形容词短语作状语合并升级。‎ ‎2．要点2－②可以使用非限制性定语从句合并升级。‎ ‎3．要点3－①可增加状语“通过参观故宫”，补充细节“你们会惊叹于它的设计”。‎ ‎4．要点3－②可增加“我确信”。‎ 升级要点2－①：故宫位于北京市中心，是中国从明朝中期到清朝末期的中国帝王宫殿。(形容词短语作状语)‎ Located_in_the_center_of_Beijing,_the_Forbidden_City_was_the_Chinese_imperial_palace_from_the_midMing_Dynasty_to_the_end_of_the_Qing_Dynasty.‎ 升级要点2－②：故宫占地72万多平方米，1987年被列为世界文化遗址之一。(非限制性定语从句)‎ The_Forbidden_City,_which_covers_over_720,000_square_metres,_was_listed_as_one_of_the_World_Heritage_Sites_in_1987.‎ 拓展要点3－①：通过参观故宫，你们会更好地了解中国文化并且你们会惊叹于它的设计。(并列句)‎ By_visiting_the_Forbidden_City,_you_will_understand_Chinese_culture_better_and_you’ll_be_amazed_by_its_design.‎ 拓展要点3－②：我确信你们会在这里玩得很开心。(宾语从句)‎ I’m_pretty_sure_you’ll_have_a_good_time_here.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 本文写作时要注意谋篇布局，应按要点阐述，并注意各要点之间的衔接。可用“My name is Li Hua.”开头引入话题，用“Thank you！”结束本次发言。‎ Dear_friends，‎ My name is Li Hua.I feel honored that I have the chance to act as your tour guide today. Welcome to the Forbidden City!‎ Located_in_the_center_of_Beijing,_the_Forbidden_City_was_the_Chinese_imperial_palace_from_the_midMing_Dynasty_to_the_end_of_the_Qing_Dynasty.The_Forbidden_City,_which_covers_over_720,000_square_metres,_was_listed_as_one_of_the_World_Heritage_Sites_in_1987.By_visiting_the_Forbidden_City,_you_will_understand_Chinese_culture_better_and_you’ll_be_amazed_by_its_design.I’m_pretty_sure_you’ll_have_a_good_time_here.‎ Thank_you!‎ 理清文体结构之(六)　记叙文之空间顺序——“移步换景”巧解题 记叙文中的空间(地点)顺序一般指在同一个时间背景下，不同地点、不同场景发生的事情。“移步换景”是此类记叙文的明显特点，文章中的情节随着地点的更迭变换而跌宕起伏。因此，此类记叙文中地点多、情节较复杂，阅读此类文章可采用“移步换景”法，即一边阅读、一边标注出在不同地点发生了什么事情，进而从整体上把握全文内容。‎ ‎[移步⇨地点更迭变换]‎ ‎[高考典例]　2018·天津卷·B篇 ‎[换景⇒情节变化发展]‎ 地点1‎ 地点2‎ 地点3‎ 地点4‎ 地点5‎ 地点6‎ 地点7‎ ‎[1]When I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, “Do you have the address？” “No, but I’ll 换景1：鲁莽之行——地点1‎ 作者读到一篇文章，于是急匆匆地和好友一起去找杂志中提到的博物馆。‎ ‎(可解第41题)‎ 地点8‎ 地点9‎ ‎ recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine.”‎ ‎[2]“Oh, stop. There it is！”‎ ‎[3]The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.‎ ‎[4]“May I help you？” a man asked. “No，” I said.“We’re fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you weren’t that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy (爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. “Where do you think you are？” he asked. I turned sharply.“The McNay Art Museum！” He smiled, shaking his head.“Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street.” “What’s this place？” I asked, still confused. “Well, it’s our home.” My heart jolted (震颤). I raced to the staircase and called out，“Sally! Come down immediately！”‎ ‎[5]“There’s some really good stuff (艺术作品) up there.” She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, “Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place.” Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. She couldn’t believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.‎ ‎[6]The real McNay was splendid, but we 换景2：不速之客——地点2‎ 作者到达“博物馆”，“馆”内有人。‎ 换景3：懵懂之中——地点3、4‎ 作者发现自己弄错了地方，来到了别人的家里。‎ ‎(可解第42、43题)‎ 换景4：尴尬离开——地点5、6‎ 作者尴尬地和女主人搭讪，并呼唤好友下楼，出去之后告诉了好友发生的事。‎ 换景5：心仪之地——地点7‎ 作者找到了真正的博物馆，看到了名家名作，但却感到不安。(可解第44题)‎ 换景6：事后回顾——地点8‎ ‎30年之后作者偶遇一位女性，对方提到作者的那次经历。‎ 换景7：无心插柳——地点9‎ 作者那次鲁莽之行，改变了当时小女孩对家的感情。(可解第45题)‎ ‎ felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.‎ ‎[7]Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. “Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum？”‎ ‎[8]“Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone.”‎ ‎[9]“That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feelings about my home changed after that. I’ve always wanted to thank you.”‎ ‎[定区间·细比对]‎ ‎41.What do we know about ？‎ A.She was a painter. ‎ B.She was a community leader. ‎ C.She was a museum director. ‎ D.She was a journalist.‎ ‎41.由题干中的关键词Marian McNay定位到第一段。根据“换景1”中的“a watercolorist named Marian McNay”可知，Marian McNay是一位painter (画家)。‎ ‎42.Why did the author refuse the help from the man ？‎ A.She disliked people who were nosy. ‎ B.She felt nervous when talking to strangers. ‎ C.She knew more about art than the man. ‎ D.She mistook him for a tour guide.‎ ‎42.由题干中的关键词in the house可定位到第四段。根据“换景3”中的“Tour guides got on my nerves.(导游让我紧张)”可知，“我”把那个人误认为是导游了。‎ ‎43.How did the author feel about being stared at by the people ？‎ A.Puzzled.　　　　B．Concerned. ‎ C.Frightened. D．Delighted.‎ ‎43.由题干中的关键词in the hall可定位到第四段。根据“换景3”中“我”被那些人盯着时的疑惑“What was their problem？”及后文中的“still confused”可知，“我”感到很困惑(puzzled)。‎ ‎44.Why did the author describe ‎ ‎44.由题干中的关键词the real McNay ‎ in just a few words？‎ A.The real museum lacked enough artwork to interest her. ‎ B.She was too upset to spend much time at the real museum.‎ C.The McNay was disappointing compared with the house.‎ D.The event happening in the house was more significant.‎ ‎ museum可定位到第六段。根据“换景5”可知，作者和朋友来到真正的McNay博物馆，但是她们一直觉得紧张，害怕又出现先前那种不同寻常的事，由此推断，作者不是重点描述McNay博物馆，而是描述这次突发事件带来的影响。‎ ‎45.What could we learn from ？‎ A.People should have good taste to enjoy life. ‎ B.People should spend more time with their family. ‎ C.People tend to be blind to the beauty around them. ‎ D.People tend to educate teenagers at a museum.‎ ‎45.由题干中的关键词定位到最后一段，从“换景7”中那位女士的话“在你造访之前，我从未意识到我住的是个多么美丽的地方”可推知，人们往往对自己身边的美丽视而不见。‎ ‎[答案]　41.A　42.D　43.A　44.D　45.C